EP0518663B1 - Primary horn for parabolic-reflector antenna - Google Patents
Primary horn for parabolic-reflector antenna Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0518663B1 EP0518663B1 EP19920305353 EP92305353A EP0518663B1 EP 0518663 B1 EP0518663 B1 EP 0518663B1 EP 19920305353 EP19920305353 EP 19920305353 EP 92305353 A EP92305353 A EP 92305353A EP 0518663 B1 EP0518663 B1 EP 0518663B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- parabolic
- hollow portion
- reflector
- reflector antenna
- opposite end
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/02—Waveguide horns
- H01Q13/0208—Corrugated horns
- H01Q13/0225—Corrugated horns of non-circular cross-section
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
- H01Q19/12—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces wherein the surfaces are concave
- H01Q19/13—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces wherein the surfaces are concave the primary radiating source being a single radiating element, e.g. a dipole, a slot, a waveguide termination
- H01Q19/132—Horn reflector antennas; Off-set feeding
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a parabolic-reflector antenna for receiving satellite broadcasts, and more particularly to a primary horn for use in such a parabolic-reflector antenna.
- one parabolic-reflector antenna comprises a parabolic reflector 1 for reflecting an incoming radio wave, and a polarization converter 2 for converting the radio wave reflected by the parabolic reflector 1 from circular polarization into linear polarization.
- the parabolic reflector 1 is of a circular shape (i.e., a circular aperture) as viewed from the broadcasting satellite.
- the polarization converter 2 comprises a primary horn which also has a circular aperture for guiding the radio wave reflected by the parabolic reflector 1 to a polarization converting system.
- the parabolic-reflector antenna Since the parabolic-reflector antenna has the parabolic reflector 1 of a circular aperture, if the parabolic-reflector antenna faces a plurality of broadcasting satellites that are located relatively closely to each other, then it tends to receive radio waves from those broadcasting satellites which the antenna is not aimed at.
- JP-A-57 193105 discloses an horn antenna for obtaining a TM 11 mode.
- the antenna comprises a horn which tapers inwardly from an elliptical inlet to a circular outlet and a TM 11 mode generating section which comprises a cylindrical guide connecting the circular outlet to a conical guide.
- US-A-4731616 discloses an antenna horn for use as part of an antenna system such as an offset parabolic antenna system.
- the horns of this antenna include a plurality of sections which enable the propagation of both the TE 11 mode and the TM 11 mode.
- GB-A-1 525 514 upon which the precharacterizing portion of claim 1 is based, discloses the cross-sections of primary feeds for offset parabolic reflector antennas.
- a parabolic-reflector antenna comprising:
- FIG. 2 shows a parabolic-reflector antenna having a polarization converter including a primary horn according to the present invention.
- the parabolic-reflector antenna comprises a parabolic reflector 12 mounted on a support column 11, and a polarization converter 13 positioned at the focal point of the parabolic reflector 12 so that radio waves reflected by the parabolic reflector 12 are concentrated on the polarization converter 13.
- the polarization converter 13 is connected to a signal converter 15 by a waveguide 14.
- a circularly polarized radio wave transmitted from the broadcasting satellite is reflected toward the polarization converter 13 by the parabolic reflector 12.
- the polarization converter 13 converts the circularly polarized radio wave into a linearly polarized radio wave, which is guided to the signal converter 15 by the waveguide 14.
- the signal converter 15 converts the linearly polarized radio wave into an electric signal that is sent to a tuner (not shown).
- the parabolic reflector 12 comprises a reflector having an elliptical aperture with a horizontal major axis. With the horizontal major axis, the parabolic reflector 12 has high horizontal directivity. If many broadcasting satellites are positioned relatively closely to each other, then the parabolic reflector 12 with high horizontal directivity is able to reliably receive radio waves from a desired one of the broadcasting satellites with regard to that direction.
- the parabolic reflector 12 with high horizontal directivity has low vertical directivity, but compensating for the reduction in the vertical directivity of the parabolic reflector 12, the polarization converter 13 has a primary horn for receiving radio waves reflected by the parabolic reflector 12, the primary horn having an elliptical aperture with a vertical major axis, as described later on.
- Radio waves transmitted from broadcasting satellites are circularly polarized so that antennas for receiving the radio waves from the broadcasting satellites can easily be installed without concern over the planes of polarization of the radio waves.
- circularly polarized radio waves cannot efficiently be converted into electric signals, they are first converted into linearly polarized radio waves by the polarization converter 13 for subsequent conversion into electric signals.
- the polarization of circularly polarized radio waves is rotating clockwise or counterclockwise in order to prevent radio waves transmitted by two broadcasting satellites that are located relatively closely to each other from interfering with each other. For example, if the polarization of circularly polarized radio waves transmitted by a broadcasting satellite of Japan is rotating clockwise, and there is a broadcasting satellite of Korea is positioned in the vicinity of the broadcasting satellite of Japan, then the polarization of circularly polarized radio waves transmitted by the broadcasting satellite of Korea is rotating counterclockwise so that the radio waves transmitted by the broadcasting satellite of Korea will not develop interference over Japan and the radio waves transmitted by the broadcasting satellite of Japan will not develop interference over Korea.
- the elliptical aperture of the parabolic reflector 12 shown in FIG. 3 is however ineffective to discriminate clearly between the clockwise and counterclockwise rotating polarizations.
- the parabolic reflector 12 is supposed to receive circularly polarized radio waves whose polarization is rotating clockwise (or counterclockwise), it also receives circularly polarized radio waves whose polarization is rotating counterclockwise (or clockwise).
- the same problem arises with respect to discriminating between vertically linearly polarized radio waves and horizontally linearly polarized radio waves. Therefore, parabolic reflector 12 with the elliptical aperture has poor cross polarization discrimination.
- the primary horn of the polarization converter 13 comprises a dual-mode horn having a vertically elongate elliptical aperture, as shown in FIGS. 4 through 6.
- the primary horn for receiving radio waves reflected by the parabolic reflector 12 is composed of three successive hollow portions 21, 22, 23 defined by respective inner surfaces.
- the first portion 21, which is elliptical in cross section, has an elliptical aperture on one end having a vertical major axis and a horizontal minor axis.
- the orientation of the elliptical aperture of the portion 21 is perpendicular to the orientation of the elliptical aperture of the parabolic reflector 12 shown in FIG. 3.
- the inner surface of the first portion 21 is progressively tapered or smaller in diameter in a direction away from its aperture.
- the innermost end of the first portion 21 is of a circular cross section and joined to the outermost end of the second portion 22 which is circular in cross section and has a constant diameter.
- the joined ends of the first and second portions 21, 22 are of the same diameter.
- the innermost end of the second portion 22 is in turn joined to the outermost end of the third portion 23 which is circular in cross section and progressively tapered or smaller in diameter away from the second portion 22.
- the innermost end of the second portion 22 is larger in diameter than the outermost end of the third portion 23.
- a step 25 is interposed between the second and third portions 22, 23.
- the first, second, and third portions 21, 22, 23 are held substantially coaxial with each other in axially juxtaposed relationship to each other.
- the innermost end of the third portion 23 is joined to a waveguide 24 having a constant diameter.
- An end plate 26 having a recess 27 defined therein is joined to the innermost end of the waveguide 24.
- the waveguide 24 and the recess 27 jointly provide a space in which a film substrate 28 is disposed.
- the film substrate 28 has a probe 31 (see FIG. 7) positioned in confronting relationship to the waveguide 24, and another probe 35 positioned in confronting relationship to the waveguide 14.
- the dual-mode horn configuration of the primary horn is effective to generate a high-order mode of electric field for improving the cross polarization discrimination. For example, if circularly polarized radio waves whose polarization is rotating counterclockwise are received, the primary horn suppresses circularly polarized radio waves whose polarization is rotating clockwise.
- the primary horn is thus capable of compensate for the reduction in the cross polarization discrimination which is caused by the elliptical aperture of the parabolic reflector 12.
- FIG. 7 shows a pattern on the film substrate 28.
- the film substrate 28, which is flexible and highly thin, has the probe 31, branches 32, 33, a coupling 34, and the probe 35 that are internally formed of aluminum foil as a continuous pattern.
- the branches 32, 33 and the coupling 34 jointly make up a suspended line 42.
- the probe 31 serves as a converting section 41 for converting a waveguide mode into a suspended line mode
- the probe 35 serves as a converting section 43 for converting a suspended line mode into a waveguide mode.
- the probe 31 is of a substantially square shape and positioned in confronting relationship to (i.e., within the waveguide passage of) the waveguide 24.
- the square probe 31 has two adjacent perpendicular sides to which ends of the respective branches 32, 33 are joined.
- the branch 32 is longer than the branch 33 such that their transmission line lengths differ from each other by 1/4 of the wavelength ⁇ of the received radio wave.
- the other ends of the branches 32, 33 are joined to each other by the coupling 34.
- the coupling 34 is connected to the probe 35, which is positioned within (i.e., within the waveguide passage of) the waveguide 14.
- a printed resistor 36 is interposed between the branches 32, 33.
- the pattern thus formed on the film substrate 23 serves as a Wilkinson type combiner.
- radio waves transmitted by the broadcasting satellites are circularly polarized with the clockwise rotating polarization.
- the circularly polarized radio waves are composed of a combination of two electric fields directed at a right angle, with one electric field leading the other by 90°.
- the branch 32 which is ⁇ /4 longer than the branch 33, detects the electric field, indicated by the arrow A in FIG. 4, that leads the other electric field by 90°, whereas the branch 33 detects the electric field, indicated by the arrow B in FIG. 4, that lags the other electric field by 90°.
- the branch 32 is ⁇ /4 longer than the branch 33, the electric field which is detected by the branch 32 reaches the coupling 34 with a delay of 90° with respect to the electric field which is detected by the branch 33.
- the coupling 34 and hence the probe 35 joined thereto detect and output a linearly polarized radio wave, which is then propagated through the waveguide 14 and supplied to the signal converter 15.
- the signal converter 15 converts the supplied linearly polarized radio wave into an electric signal.
- the pattern formed on the film substrate 28 as shown in FIG. 7 is capable of receiving some of circularly polarized radio waves with the counterclockwise rotating polarization as well as the circularly polarized radio waves with the clockwise rotating polarization.
- Such circularly polarized radio waves with the counterclockwise rotating polarization are however suppressed by the printed resistor 35 interposed between the resistors 32, 33.
- the inclusion of the printed resistor 35, together with the dual-mode horn configuration, serves to improve the cross polarization discrimination.
Description
Claims (9)
- A parabolic-reflector antenna comprising:a parabolic reflector (12); anda primary horn (13) positioned at the focal point of said parabolic reflector (12); characterised in that:said parabolic reflector (12) has an elliptical aperture having a first major axis;said primary horn (13) has an elliptical aperture having a second major axis; andsaid first major axis is perpendicular to said second major axis.
- A parabolic-reflector antenna according to claim 1, wherein said first major axis extends horizontally and said second major axis extends vertically.
- A parabolic-reflector antenna according to claim 1 or 2 wherein primary horn (13) comprises:
a first hollow portion (21) having an elliptical aperture on one end thereof and a circular cross section on an opposite end thereof, said first hollow portion (21) being defined by an inner surface which is progressively tapered from said one end toward said opposite end. - A parabolic-reflector antenna according to claim 3 wherein the primary horn (13) further comprises a third hollow portion (23) having a circular cross section on one end thereof and a circular cross section on an opposite end thereof, said third hollow portion (23) being defined by an inner surface which is progressively tapered from said one end toward said opposite end, said first (21) and third (23) hollow portions being held coaxially with each other in axially juxtaposed relationship to each other.
- A parabolic-reflector antenna according to claim 4 wherein the primary horn further comprises a second hollow portion (22) having a circular cross section and a constant diameter from one end thereof to an opposite end thereof, said one end of the second hollow portion (22) being joined to said opposite end of the first hollow portion (21), said opposite end of the second hollow portion (22) being joined to said one end of the third hollow portion (23).
- A parabolic-reflector antenna according to claim 5, wherein said opposite end of said first hollow portion (21) and said one end of the second hollow portion (22) are of the same diameter as each other.
- A parabolic-reflector antenna according to claim 5 or 6, wherein said opposite end of said second hollow portion (22) is of a diameter larger than the diameter of said one end of said third hollow portion (23).
- A parabolic-reflector antenna according to claim 7, further including a step (25) interposed between said opposite end of said second hollow portion (22) and said one end of said third hollow portion (23).
- A parabolic-reflector antenna according to any one of claims 5 to 8, further comprising:means (28) connected to said third hollow portion (23), for converting a circularly polarized radio wave into a linearly polarized radio wave; anda waveguide (14) connected to said means, for guiding the linearly polarized radio wave converted by said means.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP16932191A JP3466634B2 (en) | 1991-06-14 | 1991-06-14 | parabolic antenna |
JP169321/91 | 1991-06-14 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0518663A2 EP0518663A2 (en) | 1992-12-16 |
EP0518663A3 EP0518663A3 (en) | 1994-08-24 |
EP0518663B1 true EP0518663B1 (en) | 1998-01-14 |
Family
ID=15884382
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19920305353 Expired - Lifetime EP0518663B1 (en) | 1991-06-14 | 1992-06-11 | Primary horn for parabolic-reflector antenna |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0518663B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP3466634B2 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69224010T2 (en) |
TW (1) | TW211087B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2584235Y2 (en) * | 1993-09-13 | 1998-10-30 | 八木アンテナ株式会社 | Satellite receiving antenna |
JP5004846B2 (en) * | 2008-03-26 | 2012-08-22 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Beam scanning reflector antenna |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1525514A (en) * | 1975-10-29 | 1978-09-20 | Rudge A | Primary feeds for offset parabolic reflector antennas |
JPS57193105A (en) * | 1981-05-25 | 1982-11-27 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | Horn antenna |
US4731616A (en) * | 1985-06-03 | 1988-03-15 | Fulton David A | Antenna horns |
-
1991
- 1991-06-14 JP JP16932191A patent/JP3466634B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1992
- 1992-06-11 DE DE1992624010 patent/DE69224010T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-06-11 EP EP19920305353 patent/EP0518663B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1993
- 1993-01-29 TW TW82100527A patent/TW211087B/zh active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE69224010D1 (en) | 1998-02-19 |
DE69224010T2 (en) | 1998-05-14 |
TW211087B (en) | 1993-08-11 |
EP0518663A2 (en) | 1992-12-16 |
EP0518663A3 (en) | 1994-08-24 |
JP3466634B2 (en) | 2003-11-17 |
JPH04368009A (en) | 1992-12-21 |
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