EP0516119A2 - Hohlfaser mit dreilappigem Querschnitt und Spinnplatte zur Herstellung derselben - Google Patents

Hohlfaser mit dreilappigem Querschnitt und Spinnplatte zur Herstellung derselben Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0516119A2
EP0516119A2 EP92109046A EP92109046A EP0516119A2 EP 0516119 A2 EP0516119 A2 EP 0516119A2 EP 92109046 A EP92109046 A EP 92109046A EP 92109046 A EP92109046 A EP 92109046A EP 0516119 A2 EP0516119 A2 EP 0516119A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
void
filament
carpet
spinneret
percent
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP92109046A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0516119B1 (de
EP0516119A3 (en
Inventor
Ling Yeh
Richard Kotek
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BASF Corp
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BASF Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US07/708,156 external-priority patent/US5208107A/en
Application filed by BASF Corp filed Critical BASF Corp
Publication of EP0516119A2 publication Critical patent/EP0516119A2/de
Publication of EP0516119A3 publication Critical patent/EP0516119A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0516119B1 publication Critical patent/EP0516119B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/24—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a hollow structure; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/253—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a non-circular cross section; Spinnerette packs therefor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a multilobal synthetic polymeric filament having a single void extending approximately axially central, the total cross-sectional void area of the filament being between about 3 and about 10 percent void.
  • the present invention furthermore relates to a carpet made from these filaments and a spinneret plate for the manufacture of these filaments.
  • Trilobal fibers are known to provide cover superior to round cross-sections and it is known to make trilobal and pseudo-trilobal filaments (e.g., deltas, T-shapes).
  • Exemplary are U.S. Patent No. 3,981,948 to Phillips, U.S. Patent No. 3,194,002 to Raynolds et al., U.S. Patent No. 2,939,201 to Holland, U.S. Patent No. 4,492,731 to Bankar et al. and Japanese Kokai 42-22574.
  • U.S. Patent No. 4,648,830 to Peterson et al. discloses a spinneret for manufacturing hollow trilobal cross-section filaments.
  • the filaments disclosed therein have one axially extending hole in each lobe.
  • the present invention concerns a multilobal synthetic polymeric filament having a single approximately axially extending central void.
  • the total cross-sectional void area of the filament is between about 3 and about 10 percent void.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional plan view of a filament according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view of a spinneret useful to prepare the filament of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a plan view of another spinneret according to the present invention.
  • modification ratio means the ratio of the radius R2 of the circumscribed circle to the radius R 1 of the inscribed circle as shown in FIG. 1.
  • arm angle is the angle formed by extension of sides of an arm as shown in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 1 Depicted in FIG. 1 is a enlarged view of fiber 10 which is representative of the present invention.
  • Filament 10 is trilobal having three (3) lobes, 11, 12 and 13 and axially extending, more or less central, void 15.
  • filament 10 preferably has a modification ratio of between about 2 to about 6, more preferably about 2.0 to about 3.5 and an arm angle between about 7° and about 35°.
  • the single approximately central void represents about 3 to about 10 percent, preferably 5 to 8 percent, of the total fiber volume measured including the volume of the void.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a spinneret useful for preparing the filament of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view of one filament forming bore group of a spinneret of the present invention.
  • Bore group 10 consists of three approximately "Y" shaped holes, 11, 11' and 11''. Each Y-shaped hole has long legs, 12, 12' ad 12'', and short legs, 13, 13' and 13''. The angle between legs 12 ad 12' is typically about 80° to about 160°, preferably about 100° to about 140° and need not be uniform.
  • R 1 is preferably from about 0.5 to about 6 mm, more preferably about 1.5 to about 3.0 mm.
  • R 2 is preferably from about 0.3 to about 2.5 mm but more preferably from about 0.5 to about 1.5 mm.
  • each leg is typically between about 0.05 to about 0.15 mm, preferably about 0.06 to about 0.10 mm.
  • the gap between legs 13 and 13' is about 0.05 to about 0.25 mm, preferably about 0.08 to about 0.20 mm.
  • Legs 13 and 12 are of sufficient length to meet the limitations of R 1 and R 2 .
  • any filament count yarn can be manufactured, to illustrate the present invention a spinneret is cut with 58 filament bore groups arranged in a circular layout with 8 rows and 6 to 9 capillaries per row of filament forming capillaries.
  • Nylon 6 polymer is extruded at normal conventional spinning conditions into a quench stack, drawn, and taken up onto the package where it is further processed into typical carpet yarn.
  • This carpet yarn is then tufted into a carpet using conventional tufting methods and the face yarn of the carpet is observed to have improved apparent bulk, luster, soil hiding, resiliency and appearance retention compared to previously known trilobal carpet yarns having no central void.
  • FIG. 3 is a alternate form of the spinneret of the present invention.
  • Filaments of the present invention may be prepared from synthetic thermoplastic polymers which are melt spinnable.
  • Exemplary polymers are polyamides such as poly(hexamethylene adipamide), polycaprolactam and polyamides of bis(4-aminocyclohexyl)methane and linear aliphatic dicarboxylic acids containing 9, 10 and 12 carbon atoms; copolyamides; polyester such as poly (ethylene) terephthalic acid and copolymers thereof; and polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene. Both heterogeneous and homogeneous mixtures of such polymers may also be used.
  • the filaments can be prepared by known methods of spinning filaments. Molten polymer is spun through spinneret orifices shaped to provide the desired void volume and filament cross-sections under spinning conditions which give the desired denier. Specific spinning conditions and spinneret orifices, shapes and dimensions will vary depending upon the particular polymer and filament product being spun.
  • the spinning and quenching conditions are modified appropriately.
  • the percent void can generally be increased by more rapid quenching of the molten filaments by increasing the polymer melt viscosity.
  • the filament ends of a length of yarn weighing from 6 to 8 grams are sealed by melting with a flame.
  • the yarn is weighed.
  • the yarn density is determined.
  • the density of a solid filament yarn is also determined with the same method as a control. Percent void is then calculated by subtracting the density of the hollow filament yarn from the density of the solid control, dividing the result by the density of the solid filament yarn and then multiplying by 100.
  • Fiber cross sections are magnified (300X) to determine the arm angle. Two tangent straight lines are drawn for each arm and the angle formed from the two straight lines is measured. The reported arm angle represents the average of ten measurements.
  • Cut pile carpets are made by standard tufting methods from cabled and heatset yarns. After mock dyeing, the carpets are visually ranked for luster. Lower numbers represent higher degree of luster.
  • a recording goniophotometer (HunterLab Goniophotometer GP-1R Serial 1050) is used to obtain reflectance readings. As illustrated in the following diagram, goniophotometers are used to take reflectance readings at varying angles. A fixed angle of incidence (60°) and varied angle of detection (-120 to 30°) is used. Yarn samples are wound in parallel on a 3.8 cm x 10.2 cm card. There are about four to five layers of yarn on each card. The measurement conditions are: VS1-3 VS2-2 neutral density filter #25 incident angle - 60° scanned from -120 to -30° Schematic diagram of the measurement components in a goniophotometer:
  • Swivel chair test A carpet sample is cut to 134.6 cm x 121.9 cm. The carpet sample is taped to a platform with carpet tape. A metal chair with casters is filled with 45.4 kg weight and put onto the carpet. The chair is hooked to a motorized plunger rod and rotates on the carpet while the plunger rod cycles back and forth. The orientation of the carpet sample is periodically changed. At the end of 1,500 cycles, the degree of wear is assessed by a paired comparison.
  • Paired comparison A paired comparison test is conducted using eleven observers. The objective of the examination is to compare two carpets at a time and to select a carpet sample that has better overall appearance after a fixed amount of wear. The data received from the observers is processed by using a preference table.
  • S represents the score
  • a i carpet sample i in a series
  • a j carpet sample j in a series
  • a spinneret having 58 filament capillaries is arranged in a circular layout with eight rows and 6 to 9 capillaries per row.
  • the capillaries are formed generally according to FIG. 2 with appropriate design for the desired arm angle, percent void and modification ratio and are offset with respect to the capillaries of each next adjacent row.
  • Commercial Nylon 6 polymer (with a relative viscosity of 2.7; measured at a concentration of 1 g per 100 ml in 96% by weight of sulfuric acid) is extruded with conventional spinning conditions into a quench stack, drawn, textured and taken up onto a package where it is further processed into typical carpet yarn.
  • the carpet yarn is then tufted into a primary backing using conventional tufting methods to make samples 6, 7, 8 and d in the following tables.
  • Samples A and C are untufted carpet yarn.
  • the face yarn of the carpet sample exhibits excellent bulk, luster, soiling hiding, resiliency and appearance retention.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
EP19920109046 1991-05-31 1992-05-29 Hohlfaser mit dreilappigem Querschnitt und Spinnplatte zur Herstellung derselben Expired - Lifetime EP0516119B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US70842391A 1991-05-31 1991-05-31
US708156 1991-05-31
US07/708,156 US5208107A (en) 1991-05-31 1991-05-31 Hollow trilobal cross-section filament
US708423 1991-05-31

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0516119A2 true EP0516119A2 (de) 1992-12-02
EP0516119A3 EP0516119A3 (en) 1993-08-04
EP0516119B1 EP0516119B1 (de) 1998-01-21

Family

ID=27108025

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19920109046 Expired - Lifetime EP0516119B1 (de) 1991-05-31 1992-05-29 Hohlfaser mit dreilappigem Querschnitt und Spinnplatte zur Herstellung derselben

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0516119B1 (de)
CZ (1) CZ161992A3 (de)
DE (1) DE69224103T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2111010T3 (de)
SK (1) SK161992A3 (de)
YU (1) YU48646B (de)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5322736A (en) * 1993-06-24 1994-06-21 Alliedsignal Inc. Hollow-trilobal cross-section filaments
WO1994013869A1 (en) * 1992-12-08 1994-06-23 Basf Corporation Hollow trilobal cross section fiber
JPH06240529A (ja) * 1992-12-10 1994-08-30 Basf Corp 混紡カーペットヤーン
GB2295833A (en) * 1994-12-08 1996-06-12 Appleton Mills Papermaking fabric with yarns having a multi-lobed cross-section
US6048615A (en) * 1998-01-30 2000-04-11 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Filament having a trilobal cross-section and a trilobal void
WO2002016682A1 (en) * 2000-08-18 2002-02-28 Honeywell International Inc. Abrasion resistant, high bulk fiber
US6447903B1 (en) 1998-08-27 2002-09-10 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Multilobal hollow filaments having stiffening ribs and stiffening webs
US6589653B2 (en) 2001-08-08 2003-07-08 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Filament having a quadrilobate exterior cross-section and a four-sided void
BE1014787A3 (fr) * 2001-05-14 2004-04-06 Hyosung Corp Procede de preparation d'une moquette constituee de poly(terephtalate de trimethylene).
BE1014786A3 (fr) * 2001-05-14 2004-04-06 Hyosung Corp Fil pour moquette bcf de poly(terephtalate de trimethylene) a coupe transversale non circulaire et procede de preparation de celui-ci.
EP1541724A1 (de) * 2003-11-19 2005-06-15 INVISTA Technologies S.à.r.l. Spinnplatte für die Herstellung von bauschigen Hohlfilamenten mit dreiseitigem Querschnitt
EP1541725A1 (de) * 2003-11-19 2005-06-15 INVISTA Technologies S.à.r.l. Bauschige Hohlfilamente mit dreiseitigem Querschnitt und daraus hergestellte Garne und Teppiche

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1497744A (fr) * 1965-10-21 1967-10-13 Inventa Ag Plaque de filage et procédé de filage utilisant cette plaque
GB1160263A (en) * 1965-10-15 1969-08-06 Ici Ltd Process and Apparatus for the Manufacture of Hollow Filaments
US4346053A (en) * 1979-02-21 1982-08-24 American Cyanamid Company Process for melt-spinning hollow fibers
US4492731A (en) * 1982-11-22 1985-01-08 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Trilobal filaments exhibiting high bulk and sparkle
EP0201812A2 (de) * 1985-05-13 1986-11-20 AlliedSignal Inc. Hohlfaser mit dreilappigem Querschnitt
JPS62299508A (ja) * 1986-06-18 1987-12-26 Teijin Ltd 特殊嵩高糸及びその紡糸口金
JPH01298210A (ja) * 1988-05-20 1989-12-01 Teijin Ltd ポリエステル異形中空繊維及びその製造法
JPH01306606A (ja) * 1988-06-01 1989-12-11 Teijin Ltd 中空断面糸用紡糸口金

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1160263A (en) * 1965-10-15 1969-08-06 Ici Ltd Process and Apparatus for the Manufacture of Hollow Filaments
FR1497744A (fr) * 1965-10-21 1967-10-13 Inventa Ag Plaque de filage et procédé de filage utilisant cette plaque
US4346053A (en) * 1979-02-21 1982-08-24 American Cyanamid Company Process for melt-spinning hollow fibers
US4492731A (en) * 1982-11-22 1985-01-08 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Trilobal filaments exhibiting high bulk and sparkle
EP0201812A2 (de) * 1985-05-13 1986-11-20 AlliedSignal Inc. Hohlfaser mit dreilappigem Querschnitt
JPS62299508A (ja) * 1986-06-18 1987-12-26 Teijin Ltd 特殊嵩高糸及びその紡糸口金
JPH01298210A (ja) * 1988-05-20 1989-12-01 Teijin Ltd ポリエステル異形中空繊維及びその製造法
JPH01306606A (ja) * 1988-06-01 1989-12-11 Teijin Ltd 中空断面糸用紡糸口金

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 012, no. 198 (C-502) <3045> 08 June 1988 & JP 62 299508 A (TEIJIN) 26 December 1987 *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 014, no. 080 (C-689) <4023> 15 February 1990 & JP 01 298210 A (TEIJIN) 01 December 1989 *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 014, no. 100 (C-693) <4043> 23 February 1990 & JP 01 306606 A (TEIJIN) 11 December 1989 *

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1994013869A1 (en) * 1992-12-08 1994-06-23 Basf Corporation Hollow trilobal cross section fiber
JPH06240529A (ja) * 1992-12-10 1994-08-30 Basf Corp 混紡カーペットヤーン
US5322736A (en) * 1993-06-24 1994-06-21 Alliedsignal Inc. Hollow-trilobal cross-section filaments
WO1995000685A1 (en) * 1993-06-24 1995-01-05 Alliedsignal Inc. Hollow trilobal cross-section filaments
GB2295833A (en) * 1994-12-08 1996-06-12 Appleton Mills Papermaking fabric with yarns having a multi-lobed cross-section
US6048615A (en) * 1998-01-30 2000-04-11 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Filament having a trilobal cross-section and a trilobal void
US6660377B2 (en) 1998-08-27 2003-12-09 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Multilobal hollow filament carpet yarn having stiffening ribs and stiffening webs and spinneret for producing the same
US6447903B1 (en) 1998-08-27 2002-09-10 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Multilobal hollow filaments having stiffening ribs and stiffening webs
WO2002016682A1 (en) * 2000-08-18 2002-02-28 Honeywell International Inc. Abrasion resistant, high bulk fiber
BE1014787A3 (fr) * 2001-05-14 2004-04-06 Hyosung Corp Procede de preparation d'une moquette constituee de poly(terephtalate de trimethylene).
BE1014786A3 (fr) * 2001-05-14 2004-04-06 Hyosung Corp Fil pour moquette bcf de poly(terephtalate de trimethylene) a coupe transversale non circulaire et procede de preparation de celui-ci.
US6589653B2 (en) 2001-08-08 2003-07-08 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Filament having a quadrilobate exterior cross-section and a four-sided void
EP1541724A1 (de) * 2003-11-19 2005-06-15 INVISTA Technologies S.à.r.l. Spinnplatte für die Herstellung von bauschigen Hohlfilamenten mit dreiseitigem Querschnitt
EP1541725A1 (de) * 2003-11-19 2005-06-15 INVISTA Technologies S.à.r.l. Bauschige Hohlfilamente mit dreiseitigem Querschnitt und daraus hergestellte Garne und Teppiche

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CZ161992A3 (en) 1993-12-15
DE69224103D1 (de) 1998-02-26
YU48646B (sh) 1999-06-15
DE69224103T2 (de) 1998-05-07
EP0516119B1 (de) 1998-01-21
YU56992A (sr) 1996-01-09
EP0516119A3 (en) 1993-08-04
SK161992A3 (en) 1994-12-07
ES2111010T3 (es) 1998-03-01

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