EP0514383B1 - Process and installation for renewing the refractory lining of foundry ladles - Google Patents

Process and installation for renewing the refractory lining of foundry ladles Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0514383B1
EP0514383B1 EP91901674A EP91901674A EP0514383B1 EP 0514383 B1 EP0514383 B1 EP 0514383B1 EP 91901674 A EP91901674 A EP 91901674A EP 91901674 A EP91901674 A EP 91901674A EP 0514383 B1 EP0514383 B1 EP 0514383B1
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Prior art keywords
lining
ladle
slag
old
refractory
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EP91901674A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0514383A1 (en
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Wilhelm Eitel
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Intocast GmbH Feuerfestprodukte und Giesshilfsmittel
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Intocast GmbH Feuerfestprodukte und Giesshilfsmittel
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
    • B22D41/02—Linings
    • B22D41/023—Apparatus used for making or repairing linings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/16—Making or repairing linings increasing the durability of linings or breaking away linings
    • F27D1/1694—Breaking away the lining or removing parts thereof

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method of the type corresponding to the preamble of claim 1 and a system according to the preamble of claim 2.
  • metallurgical vessels have been increasingly no longer lined with refractory bricks, but with the help of a casting technique in which the space between a template or shape that determines the desired clear interior of the pan or other metallurgical vessel is determined. and a mostly thixotropic fireproof casting compound is filled into the vessel wall to be delivered, which, due to its thixotropic behavior, is very free-flowing under the influence of vibrations (usually the template or shape) even at low water contents and fills every cavity.
  • the tools follow the large contours of the old infeed.
  • the template is again introduced into the metallurgical vessel with the old delivery cleaned in this way, whereupon the space between the template and the old delivery is filled again with thixotropic casting compound under the action of vibrations. In this way, up to 50% of the expensive delivery material can be saved.
  • the previous treatment of the surface of the old inlay results in a good bond to the newly applied refractory mass.
  • the invention has for its object to be able to restore the refractory lining of metallurgical vessels in an economical manner even in such cases.
  • a high-temperature burner with a water-cooled lance which can be moved up and down and rotated, can be moved on rails in the depth direction of the pan, so that the burner can be guided spirally and helically at a suitable distance over the inner surface of the pan.
  • the burner works with gas or oil and oxygen and can be operated in such a way that it works in a reducing manner, ie it does not develop brown fumes.
  • the burner lance can be guided in a circle so that the adhering slag, slag steel mixtures or steel residues become highly liquid in the floor and wall area and flow out of the inclined lower area of the pan from its mouth to the outside, where it flows into a slag bucket or get into a sand bed. In this way, the pan is cleaned within a few minutes.
  • All that remains on the old refractory lining is a thin, glass-like, smooth slag coating, which is roughened mechanically after the pan has cooled down in order to achieve a good primer for the new lining material.
  • the roughening can be done by the above-mentioned slag peeling robot, which partially or completely removes the slag layer and in any case leaves a rough surface of the old delivery.
  • the template is then reinserted into the pan according to the method already known and the space between the template and the surface of the remaining lining is filled with new casting compound.
  • the infeed can be restored in the shortest possible time without great mechanical stress on the permanent feed and without extensive stripping work.
  • a burner operated with oxygen has flame temperatures in the range of 3000 ° C.
  • the one in the pan Remaining materials to be removed, such as slag, flake steel mixtures or steel residues, have melting points in the range from approximately 1000 to 1500 °.
  • the temperature of the pan is still very high from the last pour, so that the burner does not have to heat the pan from ambient temperature. Rather, the burner only has to generate the last temperature peak in order to liquefy the total amount of undesirable constituents adhering to the surface, which is accomplished in a short time.
  • burners come into consideration which have features of DE-PS 15 29 201 and 31 51 479 in particular with regard to the burner nozzle.
  • the roughening device is used, which is known from DE-OS 37 41 073.
  • A reveals a freshly delivered ladle 10, which consists of a pot-shaped housing 1 made of sheet steel that tapers slightly downwards, on the inside of which a so-called delivery or lining made of refractory material is applied, essentially of a constant thickness of a few 10 centimeters.
  • the pan 10 can be gripped and displaced by the overhead crane on side lugs 3 in the upper region.
  • the steel is subjected to a metallurgical treatment, for example by blowing in oxygen, argon or the like, and then poured off.
  • a metallurgical treatment for example by blowing in oxygen, argon or the like, and then poured off.
  • the slag is poured off and the delivery of the pan 10 looks as indicated in B.
  • the infeed is beared, ie thick slag layers or beads have set up, as is indicated by the cross-hatching that represents the slag S.
  • Steel residues or steel slag mixtures can also be present.
  • Thinner slag layers also adhere in the areas 2 ′ or the surface areas of the infeed 2 of slag are penetrated to a certain depth, which reduces their fire resistance.
  • the coarse beads on the upper edge of the pan are broken out with a suitable device, and the pan is then placed with the indoor crane lying on a stand 4 located nearby, that is to say as long as the delivery 2 is still glowing bright red from the last cast , so that the wall of the infeed 2 in its essentially cylindrical region makes an angle 5 of approximately 5 to 30 ° with the horizontal, the inclination being reproduced particularly strongly in the schematic representation of the exemplary embodiment.
  • the opening 6 of the pan 10 points downwards.
  • a carriage or carriage 7 is now brought up on rails, which carries a lance 8 with a high-temperature burner at the free end, which can be inserted into the interior of the pan 10 and can be pivoted both in the direction of arrow 11 and in the direction of arrow 12 as can also be moved into the pan 10 in the direction of arrow 13 in the longitudinal direction of the lance.
  • the carriage or carriage 7 also carries a heat shield 14, which covers the opening 6 of the pan 10.
  • the high-temperature burner 9 is operated with a suitable gaseous or liquid fuel and pure oxygen and generates flame temperatures in the range of 3000 ° C., which melts the still red-hot slag, the melting point of which is in the range of 1000-1500 ° C. the heat shield 14 avoids heat losses and prevents excessive radiation on the carriage 7.
  • the melted slag flows downward from the opening 6 of the pan 10 in the direction of the arrows 15 into the slag bucket 16.
  • the pan 10 has the opportunity to cool between phase C and phase D.
  • the pan is placed in a pit 17 by means of the indoor crane.
  • the slag robot 20 comprises a machine frame 18 which projects over the pan 10 and on which a vertical column 19 can be raised and lowered in the direction of the arrow 21 and rotatable about its longitudinal axis in the direction of the arrow 25.
  • pivotable arms 22 are attached, at the free ends of which rotatable tools 23 are provided in the form of castors studded with hard metal pins 24, which follow the contour of the inner surface of the infeed 2 and under the action of vibrators a hammering attack Execute the slag layer and remove or at least roughen it without significantly changing the relief of the inner surface 26 and removing a lot of the healthy material of the delivery 2.
  • phase E the slag robot is removed and instead a slightly conical template 27 is introduced into the interior of the pan 10 on a carrying device 28.
  • the template 27 determines the inner surface configuration of the infeed 2, as can be seen from A.
  • Refractory feed mass 30 introduced, which has a consistency like slightly damp sand, but becomes quasi liquid under the action of the vibrators 31 working against the template 27 and fills the entire space 32 between the template 27 and the inner surface 26 homogeneously.
  • the refractory mass introduced into the intermediate space 32 is dried by means of a ladle fire 33 and combines with the old delivery to form a new compact and homogeneous delivery 2, so that the ladle 10 returns to phase A and again a ladle trip can compete.
  • a high-temperature burner 9 In tests in a 95-ton steel pan with an inner diameter of approx. 2600 mm and an inner height of approx. 3440 mm, a high-temperature burner 9 was used, which has features of DE-PS 15 29 201 and 31 in particular with regard to the nozzle design 51 479 and was arranged with the mouth of the nozzle approximately in the middle of the clear interior of the pan, as shown in C.
  • the high-temperature burner 9 was operated with approx. 280 Nm3 / h propane and 900 Nm3 / h oxygen without the addition of air. He worked for about 15 minutes until the slag had melted out sufficiently.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
  • Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)
  • Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
  • Coupling Device And Connection With Printed Circuit (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)
  • Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)

Abstract

PCT No. PCT/DE91/00021 Sec. 371 Date Aug. 4, 1992 Sec. 102(e) Date Aug. 4, 1992 PCT Filed Jan. 14, 1991 PCT Pub. No. WO91/12103 PCT Pub. Date Aug. 22, 1991.A process for renewing the refractory lining of a ladle for casting steel and of similar metallurgical vessels. While the ladle (10) is still hot, the slag (S) still adhering to the inner surface (26) is melted off from the remaining lining (2) with the aid of a high-temperature burner (9) operating under reducing conditions and allowed to run out of the ladle (10) in the molten condition. After cooling, the glassy surface of the remaining lining (2) is roughened. The new refractory lining (30) is then applied by casting, with the aid of a template.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren der dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 entsprechenden Art sowie eine Anlage nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 2.The invention relates to a method of the type corresponding to the preamble of claim 1 and a system according to the preamble of claim 2.

Metallurgische Gefäße werden in jüngster Zeit in steigendem Maße nicht mehr mit feuerfesten Steinen ausgekleidet (zugestellt), sondern mit Hilfe einer Gießtechnik, bei der in den Zwischenraum zwischen einer Schablone oder Form, die den gewünschten lichten Innenraum der Pfanne oder des sonstigen metallurgischen Gefäßes bestimmt, und der zuzustellenden Gefäßwand eine meist thixotrop wirkende feuerfeste Gießmasse eingefüllt wird, die, bedingt durch ihr thixotropes Verhalten, unter der Einwirkung von Vibrationen (meist der Schablone bzw. Form) auch bei niedrigen Wassergehalten sehr gut fließfähig ist und jeden Hohlraum ausfüllt.Recently, metallurgical vessels have been increasingly no longer lined with refractory bricks, but with the help of a casting technique in which the space between a template or shape that determines the desired clear interior of the pan or other metallurgical vessel is determined. and a mostly thixotropic fireproof casting compound is filled into the vessel wall to be delivered, which, due to its thixotropic behavior, is very free-flowing under the influence of vibrations (usually the template or shape) even at low water contents and fills every cavity.

Aus der DE-OS 37 41 073 (≙ EP-A- 0318701), von welcher die Obergriffe der Ansprüche 1 und 4 ausgehen, ist es bereits bekannt, am Ende der Haltbarkeit eines metallurgischen Gefäßes, also nach dem Verschleiß der inneren, der Schmelze ausgesetzten Schichten der Gießmasse, den verbleibenden Rest der feuerfesten Auskleidung, der ja noch betriebsfähig ist, nicht ganz auszubrechen, sondern nur oberflächlich die verbliebenen Schlackenreste und die von Schlacke penetrierten Oberflächenschichten der alten Zustellung zu entfernen. Dies geschieht nicht unter Herstellung einer geometrisch regelmäßigen Oberfläche, sondern indem ein sogenannter Schlackenschälroboter mit an beweglichen Armen angebrachten, auf der Oberfläche abrollenden Werkzeugen mit vorstehenden Hartmetallzapfen unter der Wirkung von Vibrationen an der Oberfläche angreift und diese in dem erforderlichen Maß abträgt bzw. zumindest aufrauht. Die Werkzeuge folgen dabei aber der im großen vorhandenen Kontur der alten Zustellung. In das metallurgische Gefäß mit der so gereinigten alten Zustellung wird erneut die Schablone eingebracht, worauf der Zwischenraum zwischen Schablone und alter Zustellung mit thixotroper Gießmasse unter der Wirkung von Vibrationen wieder ausgefüllt wird. Auf diese Weise kann bis zu 50 % des teuren Materials der Zustellung eingespart werden. Durch die vorangehende Bearbeitung der Oberfläche der alten Zustellung ergibt sich ein guter Verbund zu der neu aufgebrachten feuerfesten Masse.From DE-OS 37 41 073 (≙ EP-A-0318701), from which the upper handles of claims 1 and 4 are based, it is already known at the end of the durability of a metallurgical vessel, that is, after the wear of the inner, the melt exposed layers of the casting compound, the remaining remainder of the refractory lining, which is still operational, cannot be completely broken out, but only superficially to remove the remaining slag residues and the surface layers of slag penetrated by the old delivery. This doesn't happen while making a geometrical regular surface, but by a so-called slag peeling robot with tools attached to movable arms, rolling on the surface with protruding hard metal pins under the effect of vibrations on the surface and removing or roughening them to the required extent. However, the tools follow the large contours of the old infeed. The template is again introduced into the metallurgical vessel with the old delivery cleaned in this way, whereupon the space between the template and the old delivery is filled again with thixotropic casting compound under the action of vibrations. In this way, up to 50% of the expensive delivery material can be saved. The previous treatment of the surface of the old inlay results in a good bond to the newly applied refractory mass.

Es zeigt sich jedoch, daß das bekannte Verfahren in bestimmten Fällen zu aufwendig wird. Dies trifft dann zu, wenn die Verbärung, d.h. die Schlackenschicht, so stark ist, daß der Zeitaufwand zu ihrer Abtragung und der damit einhergehende Verschleiß der Werkzeuge zu groß werden, um das Verfahren rentabel zu halten. Auch wird durch die langdauernde Einwirkung der Werkzeuge der verbleibende Anteil der feuerfesten Auskleidung mechanisch stark beansprucht, so daß es zu Rissen kommen kann.It turns out, however, that the known method is too complex in certain cases. This is true when the bear, i.e. the slag layer is so thick that the time it takes to remove it and the associated wear on the tools become too great to keep the process profitable. Also, the remaining portion of the refractory lining is mechanically stressed by the long-term action of the tools, so that cracks can occur.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, auch in solchen Fällen die feuerfeste Auskleidung von metallurgischen Gefäßen auf wirtschaftliche Weise wiederherstellen zu können.The invention has for its object to be able to restore the refractory lining of metallurgical vessels in an economical manner even in such cases.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch das in Anspruch 1 wiedergegebene Verfahren und in ihrem apparativen Aspekt durch die in Anspruch 2 wiedergegebene Anlage gelöst.This object is achieved by the method given in claim 1 and in its apparatus aspect by the system given in claim 2.

Am Ende einer Pfannenreise, wenn also die Wiederherstellung der feuerfesten Auskleidung ansteht, wird die Pfanne aus der Gießhitze unmittelbar nach dem Schlackenkippen in noch völlig heißem Zustand auf kürzestem Wege mit leichter Neigung nach außen und unten auf dem Stand abgelegt. Die Bewahrung der in der Pfanne enthaltenen Wärmemenge ist für die Wirtschaftlichkeit des Verfahrens wesentlich. Vor der Pfanne ist ein Hochtemperaturbrenner mit einer wassergekühlten Lanze, die auf- und abbewegbar und rotierbar ist, auf Schienen in Tiefenrichtung der Pfanne verfahrbar, wodurch der Brenner spiralig und schraubenförmig in geeignetem Abstand über die innere Oberfläche der Pfanne führbar ist. Der Brenner arbeitet mit Gas oder Öl und Sauerstoff und kann so gefahren werden, daß er reduzierend arbeitet, d.h. keine braunen Dämpfe entwickelt. Beginnend im Bodenbereich kann die Brennerlanze kreisend so geführt werden, daß im Boden- und Wandbereich in kürzester Zeit die anhaftende Schlacke, Schlackenstahlgemische oder Stahlreste hochflüssig werden und aus dem geneigten unteren Bereich der Pfanne aus deren Mündung heraus nach außen fließen, wo sie in einen Schlackenkübel oder in ein Sandbett gelangen. Auf diese Weise ist die Pfanne binnen weniger Minuten gereinigt. Es bleibt auf der alten feuerfesten Auskleidung lediglich ein dünner glasartiger, glatter Schlackenüberzug zurück, der nach Abkühlung der Pfanne mechanisch aufgerauht wird, um einen guten Haftgrund für das neue Auskleidungsmaterial zu erzielen. Die Aufrauhung kann durch den bereits erwähnten Schlackenschälroboter geschehen, der die Schlackenschicht teilweise oder ganz beseitigt und jedenfalls eine rauhe Oberfläche der alten Zustellung zurückläßt.At the end of a ladle trip, when the refractory lining needs to be restored, the ladle is removed from the pouring heat immediately after the slag tipping stored in a completely hot condition by the shortest route with a slight inclination outwards and downwards on the stand. The preservation of the amount of heat contained in the pan is essential for the economy of the process. In front of the pan, a high-temperature burner with a water-cooled lance, which can be moved up and down and rotated, can be moved on rails in the depth direction of the pan, so that the burner can be guided spirally and helically at a suitable distance over the inner surface of the pan. The burner works with gas or oil and oxygen and can be operated in such a way that it works in a reducing manner, ie it does not develop brown fumes. Starting in the bottom area, the burner lance can be guided in a circle so that the adhering slag, slag steel mixtures or steel residues become highly liquid in the floor and wall area and flow out of the inclined lower area of the pan from its mouth to the outside, where it flows into a slag bucket or get into a sand bed. In this way, the pan is cleaned within a few minutes. All that remains on the old refractory lining is a thin, glass-like, smooth slag coating, which is roughened mechanically after the pan has cooled down in order to achieve a good primer for the new lining material. The roughening can be done by the above-mentioned slag peeling robot, which partially or completely removes the slag layer and in any case leaves a rough surface of the old delivery.

Es wird sodann nach der bereits beschriebenen, für sich bekannten Methode die Schablone wieder in die Pfanne eingebracht und der Zwischenraum zwischen Schablone und der Oberfläche der stehengebliebenen Auskleidung mit neuer Gießmasse ausgefüllt.The template is then reinserted into the pan according to the method already known and the space between the template and the surface of the remaining lining is filled with new casting compound.

Durch das neue Verfahren ist die Wiederherstellung der Zustellung ohne große mechanische Beanspruchung des Dauerfutters und ohne umfangreiche Ausbrecharbeiten in kürzester Zeit durchzuführen.Thanks to the new process, the infeed can be restored in the shortest possible time without great mechanical stress on the permanent feed and without extensive stripping work.

Das Abschmelzen von Oberflächenschichten der feuerfesten Zustellung eines Tundishs ist an sich aus den JP-A-60-261 653 und JP-A-61-137656 bekannt. Hierbei handelt es sich aber nur um die reine Entfernung von Schichten, nicht um einen Gesamtvorgang mit anschließendem Aufrauhen und Ersetzen des entfernten Materials durch neue feuerfeste Masse.The melting of surface layers of the refractory lining of a tundish is known per se from JP-A-60-261 653 and JP-A-61-137656. However, this is only the pure removal of layers, not an overall process with subsequent roughening and replacement of the removed material with new refractory material.

Ein mit Sauerstoff betriebener Brenner weist Flammtemperaturen im Bereich von 3000° C auf. Die in der Pfanne verbliebenen zu entfernenden Materialien wie Schlacke, Schlakkestahlgemische oder Stahlreste weisen Schmelzpunkte im Bereich von etwa 1000 bis 1500° auf. Die Temperatur der Pfanne ist vom letzten Abguß ohnehin noch sehr hoch, so daß der Brenner die Pfanne nicht etwa von Umgebungstemperatur aufheizen muß. Der Brenner muß vielmehr nur die letzte Temperaturspitze erzeugen, um die Gesamtmenge der an der Oberfläche anhaftenden unerwünschten Bestandteile zu verflüssigen, was in kurzer Zeit geleistet wird. Es kommen beispielsweise Brenner in Betracht, die insbesondere im Hinblick auf die Brennerdüse Merkmale der DE-PSen 15 29 201 und 31 51 479 aufweisen.A burner operated with oxygen has flame temperatures in the range of 3000 ° C. The one in the pan Remaining materials to be removed, such as slag, flake steel mixtures or steel residues, have melting points in the range from approximately 1000 to 1500 °. The temperature of the pan is still very high from the last pour, so that the burner does not have to heat the pan from ambient temperature. Rather, the burner only has to generate the last temperature peak in order to liquefy the total amount of undesirable constituents adhering to the surface, which is accomplished in a short time. For example, burners come into consideration which have features of DE-PS 15 29 201 and 31 51 479 in particular with regard to the burner nozzle.

Zur Vermeidung von Wärmeverlusten empfiehlt es sich, einen Hitzeschild vorzusehen, der das Innere der Pfanne während des Betriebs des Brenners nach außen abschließt.To avoid heat loss, it is advisable to provide a heat shield that closes off the inside of the pan while the burner is in operation.

Bei dem bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel der Anlage wird die Aufrauhvorrichtung eingesetzt, die für sich aus der DE-OS 37 41 073 bekannt ist. Es ist aber auch möglich, andere Aufrauhvorrichtungen zu verwenden, zum Beispiel Sandstrahl- oder ähnliche Partikelgebläse.In the preferred embodiment of the system, the roughening device is used, which is known from DE-OS 37 41 073. However, it is also possible to use other roughening devices, for example sandblasting or similar particle blowers.

In der Zeichnung sind die verschiedenen Phasen der Behandlung einer Gießpfanne für Stahl im Vertikalschnitt schematisch dargestellt und mit großen Buchstaben Bezeichnet.In the drawing, the different phases of the treatment of a ladle for steel are shown schematically in vertical section and labeled with large letters.

A läßt eine frisch zugestellte Gießpfanne 10 erkennen, die aus einem topfförmigen sich nach unten leicht verjüngenden Gehäuse 1 aus Stahlblech besteht, auf dessen Innenseite eine sogenannte Zustellung oder Auskleidung aus feuerfestem Material im wesentlichen gleichbleibender Dicke von einigen 10 Zentimetern aufgebracht ist. An seitlichen Ansätzen 3 im oberen Bereich kann die Pfanne 10 vom Hallenkran erfaßt und versetzt werden.A reveals a freshly delivered ladle 10, which consists of a pot-shaped housing 1 made of sheet steel that tapers slightly downwards, on the inside of which a so-called delivery or lining made of refractory material is applied, essentially of a constant thickness of a few 10 centimeters. The pan 10 can be gripped and displaced by the overhead crane on side lugs 3 in the upper region.

In der Pfanne 10 wird der STahl einer metallurgischen Behandlung beispielsweise durch Einblasen von Sauerstoff, Argon oder dergleichen unterzogen und dann abgegossen. Nach einer Anzahl solcher Behandlungs- oder Gießvorgänge, d.h. nach einer solchen Pfannenreise, wird die Schlacke abgegossen und sieht die Zustellung der Pfanne 10 so aus wie in B angedeutet. Es gibt Bereiche 2', in denen die Wandstärke der Zustellung 2 erheblich abgenommen hat. In anderen Bereichen 2'' ist die Zustellung verbärt, d.h. es haben sich dicke Schlackenschichten oder -wülste angesetzt, wie es durch die die Schlacke S darstellende Kreuzschraffur angedeutet ist. Auch können Stahlreste oder Stahlschlackengemische vorhanden sein. Auch in den Bereichen 2' haften dünnere Schlackenschichten an bzw. sind die Oberflächenbereiche der Zustellung 2 von Schlacke bis zu einer gewissen Tiefe penetriert, was ihre Feuerfestigkeit herabsetzt. Die groben Wülste am oberen Rand der Pfanne werden mit einer geeigneten Vorrichtung herausgebrochen, und es wird sodann die Pfanne sogleich, d.h. solange die Zustellung 2 noch vom letzten Abguß her hellrot glühend ist, mit dem Hallenkran liegend auf einem in der Nähe befindlichen Stand 4 abgelegt, so daß die Wandung der Zustellung 2 in ihrem im wesentlichen zylindrischen Bereich mit der Horizontalen einen Winkel 5 von etwa 5 bis 30° einnimmt, wobei in der schematischen Darstellung des Ausführungsbeispiel die Neigung besonders stark wiedergegeben ist. Die Öffnung 6 der Pfanne 10 weist nach unten.In the pan 10, the steel is subjected to a metallurgical treatment, for example by blowing in oxygen, argon or the like, and then poured off. After a number of such treatment or pouring operations, ie after such a pan journey, the slag is poured off and the delivery of the pan 10 looks as indicated in B. There are areas 2 'in which the wall thickness of the infeed 2 has decreased considerably. In other areas 2 ″ the infeed is beared, ie thick slag layers or beads have set up, as is indicated by the cross-hatching that represents the slag S. Steel residues or steel slag mixtures can also be present. Thinner slag layers also adhere in the areas 2 ′ or the surface areas of the infeed 2 of slag are penetrated to a certain depth, which reduces their fire resistance. The coarse beads on the upper edge of the pan are broken out with a suitable device, and the pan is then placed with the indoor crane lying on a stand 4 located nearby, that is to say as long as the delivery 2 is still glowing bright red from the last cast , so that the wall of the infeed 2 in its essentially cylindrical region makes an angle 5 of approximately 5 to 30 ° with the horizontal, the inclination being reproduced particularly strongly in the schematic representation of the exemplary embodiment. The opening 6 of the pan 10 points downwards.

Es wird nun auf Schienen ein Schlitten oder Wagen 7 herangefahren, der eine Lanze 8 mit einem Hochtemperaturbrenner am freien Ende trägt, der in das Innere der Pfanne 10 einführbar ist und sowohl im Sinne des Pfeiles 11 verschwenkbar als auch im Sinne des Pfeiles 12 verdrehbar als auch im Sinne des Pfeiles 13 in Längsrichtung der Lanze in die Pfanne 10 hinein verlagerbar ist. Der Schlitten oder Wagen 7 trägt ferner einen Hitzeschild 14, der die Öffnung 6 der Pfanne 10 überdeckt.A carriage or carriage 7 is now brought up on rails, which carries a lance 8 with a high-temperature burner at the free end, which can be inserted into the interior of the pan 10 and can be pivoted both in the direction of arrow 11 and in the direction of arrow 12 as can also be moved into the pan 10 in the direction of arrow 13 in the longitudinal direction of the lance. The carriage or carriage 7 also carries a heat shield 14, which covers the opening 6 of the pan 10.

Der Hochtemperaturbrenner 9 wird mit einem geeigneten gasförmigen oder flüssigen Brennstoff und reinem Sauerstoff betrieben und erzeugt Flammtemperaturen im Bereich von 3000° C, die die noch rotglühende Schlacke, deren Schmelzpunkt im Bereich von 1000-1500°C liegt, zum Schmelzen bringt, wobei der Hitzeschild 14 Wärmeverluste vermeidet und eine zu starke Abstrahlung auf den Wagen 7 unterbindet.The high-temperature burner 9 is operated with a suitable gaseous or liquid fuel and pure oxygen and generates flame temperatures in the range of 3000 ° C., which melts the still red-hot slag, the melting point of which is in the range of 1000-1500 ° C. the heat shield 14 avoids heat losses and prevents excessive radiation on the carriage 7.

Die herausgeschmolzene Schlacke strömt im Sinne der Pfeile 15 aus der Öffnung 6 der Pfanne 10 nach unten in den Schlackenkübel 16 ab.The melted slag flows downward from the opening 6 of the pan 10 in the direction of the arrows 15 into the slag bucket 16.

Die Pfanne 10 hat zwischen der Phase C und der Phase D Gelegenheit abzukühlen. Die Pfanne wird mittels des Hallenkrans in eine Grube 17 gesetzt. Es ist nunmehr keine dickere Schlackenschicht mehr vorhanden, weswegen die Kreuzschraffur (s. B) weggelassen ist. Es ist aber an der Oberfläche der stehengebliebenen Auskleidung 2 von dem Ausschmelzen her noch eine dünne glasartige, sehr glatte Schlackenschicht vorhanden, die in der Phase D mittels des Schlackenroboters 20 zumindest teilweise entfernt und jedenfalls aufgerauht wird. Der Schlackenroboter 20 umfaßt ein über die Pfanne 10 ausladendes Maschinengestell 18, an welchem eine vertikale Säule 19 im Sinne des Pfeiles 21 heb- und senkbar und im Sinne des Pfeiles 25 um ihre Längsachse drehbar gelagert ist. Am unteren Ende der Säule 19 sind schwenkbare Arme 22 angebracht, an deren freien Enden drehbare Werkzeuge 23 in Gestalt von mit Hartmetallzapfen 24 besetzten Rollen vorgesehen sind, die der Kontur der inneren Oberfläche der Zustellung 2 folgen und unter der Einwirkung von Vibratoren einen hämmernden Angriff an der Schlackenschicht ausführen und diese entfernen oder zumindest aufrauhen, ohne dabei das Relief der inneren Oberfläche 26 wesentlich zu ändern und viel vom gesunden Material der Zustellung 2 zu entfernen.The pan 10 has the opportunity to cool between phase C and phase D. The pan is placed in a pit 17 by means of the indoor crane. There is now no thicker slag layer, which is why the cross hatching (see B) has been omitted. However, there is still a thin, glassy, very smooth slag layer on the surface of the liner 2 that remains, which is at least partially removed in phase D by the slag robot 20 and in any case roughened. The slag robot 20 comprises a machine frame 18 which projects over the pan 10 and on which a vertical column 19 can be raised and lowered in the direction of the arrow 21 and rotatable about its longitudinal axis in the direction of the arrow 25. At the lower end of the column 19 pivotable arms 22 are attached, at the free ends of which rotatable tools 23 are provided in the form of castors studded with hard metal pins 24, which follow the contour of the inner surface of the infeed 2 and under the action of vibrators a hammering attack Execute the slag layer and remove or at least roughen it without significantly changing the relief of the inner surface 26 and removing a lot of the healthy material of the delivery 2.

In der Phase E wird der Schlackenroboter entfernt und statt dessen eine leicht konische Schablone 27 an einer Tragvorrichtung 28 in das Innere der Pfanne 10 eingebracht. Die Schablone 27 bestimmt die innere Oberflächengestallt der Zustellung 2, wie sie aus A ersichtlich ist. In den Zwischenraum zwischen der Oberfläche 26 und der Schablone 27 wird mittels einer Zuführeinrichtung 29 thixotrope feuerfeste Zustellmasse 30 eingebracht, die an sich eine Konsistenz wie schwachfeuchter Sand aufweist, unter der Wirkung der gegen die Schablone 27 arbeitenden Vibratoren 31 jedoch quasi flüssig wird und den gesamten Zwischenraum 32 zwischen der Schablone 27 und der inneren Oberfläche 26 homogen ausfüllt.In phase E, the slag robot is removed and instead a slightly conical template 27 is introduced into the interior of the pan 10 on a carrying device 28. The template 27 determines the inner surface configuration of the infeed 2, as can be seen from A. In the space between the surface 26 and the template 27 is thixotropic by means of a feed device 29 Refractory feed mass 30 introduced, which has a consistency like slightly damp sand, but becomes quasi liquid under the action of the vibrators 31 working against the template 27 and fills the entire space 32 between the template 27 and the inner surface 26 homogeneously.

Nach dem Entfernen der Schablone 27 wird die in den Zwischenraum 32 eingebrachte feuerfeste Masse mittels eines Pfannenfeuers 33 getrocknet und verbindet sich mit der alten Zustellung zu einer neuen kompakten und homogenen Zustellung 2, so daß die Pfanne 10 in die Phase A zurückgelangt und erneut eine Pfannenreise antreten kann.After the template 27 has been removed, the refractory mass introduced into the intermediate space 32 is dried by means of a ladle fire 33 and combines with the old delivery to form a new compact and homogeneous delivery 2, so that the ladle 10 returns to phase A and again a ladle trip can compete.

Bei Versuchen in einer 95 to Stahlpfanne-mit einem Innendurchmesser von ca. 2600 mm und einer inneren Höhe von ca. 3440 mm wurde ein Hochtemperatur-Brenner 9 verwendet, der insbesondere im Hinblick auf die Düsengestaltung Merkmale der DE-PSen 15 29 201 und 31 51 479 aufwies und mit der Mündung der Düse etwa in der Mitte des lichten Innenraums der Pfanne angeordnet war, wie es in C dargestellt ist. Der Hochtemperaturbrenner 9 wurde mit ca. 280 Nm³/h Propan und 900 Nm³/h Sauerstoff ohne Luftbeimischung betrieben. Er arbeitete etwa 15 Minuten, bis die Schlacke in ausreichendem Maß herausgeschmolzen war.In tests in a 95-ton steel pan with an inner diameter of approx. 2600 mm and an inner height of approx. 3440 mm, a high-temperature burner 9 was used, which has features of DE-PS 15 29 201 and 31 in particular with regard to the nozzle design 51 479 and was arranged with the mouth of the nozzle approximately in the middle of the clear interior of the pan, as shown in C. The high-temperature burner 9 was operated with approx. 280 Nm³ / h propane and 900 Nm³ / h oxygen without the addition of air. He worked for about 15 minutes until the slag had melted out sufficiently.

Claims (4)

  1. Process for renewing the refractory lining of a ladle (10) for casting steel and similar metallurgical vessels, in which after a tour of duty the adhering slag and if necessary also the slag-contaminated surface layers of the old lining are removed and a new refractory reinforcing lining (30) is applied to the old lining (2) by a casting process, which together with the old lining (2) results in an overall refractory coating having the original wall thickness, characterised in that, with the ladle (10) still hot, lying on its side and with a slight outward tilt, the slag still adhering to the inner surface is melted off the remaining lining with the aid of a high-temperature burner (9) operating with pure oxygen and is allowed to run out of the ladle (10) in a molten condition, and that after cooling the glassy surface of the remaining lining is roughened, after which the application of the new refractory lining (30) takes place.
  2. Apparatus for renewing the refractory lining of ladles for casting steel and similar metallurgical vessel according to the process of claim 1, characterised by the following component parts:
    a) a station (4) to which the ladle (10) is brought, lying on its side but with a slight outward and downward inclination (5);
    b) a high-temperature burner (9) which can be introduced into the ladle (10) and can be shifted on a pivoting and rotatable lance which is displaceable in the direction of the depth of the ladle (10), so that the burner can be conducted over the inner surface (26) of the ladle (10);
    c) means (16) for receiving molten slag emerging from the mouth (6) of the ladle;
    d) a roughening device (20) for the surface of the remaining lining (2), capable of being introduced into the ladle (10);
    e) a core (27) which can be lowered into the upright ladle and defining the inner shape of the lining (2) and the feed device (29), by means of which the lining material (30) is introduced into the space (32) between the inner surface (26) of the old lining (2) and the core (27).
  3. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterised in that a heat shield (14) is provided for shielding the interior of the ladle from outside with the high-temperature burner (9) introduced.
  4. Installation according to claim 2 or 3 characterised in that the roughening device (20) includes rollers (23) equipped with hard metal pins (24) and subjected to vibrations, capable of being guided, rolling on mounting arms (22), over the inner surface (26) of the old lining (2) following its contour.
EP91901674A 1990-02-07 1991-01-14 Process and installation for renewing the refractory lining of foundry ladles Expired - Lifetime EP0514383B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4003646 1990-02-07
DE4003646A DE4003646C1 (en) 1990-02-07 1990-02-07

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EP0514383A1 EP0514383A1 (en) 1992-11-25
EP0514383B1 true EP0514383B1 (en) 1993-10-20

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US (1) US5330690A (en)
EP (1) EP0514383B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH0798266B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE96065T1 (en)
AU (1) AU636704B2 (en)
BR (1) BR9105928A (en)
CA (1) CA2075484C (en)
DE (2) DE4003646C1 (en)
DK (1) DK0514383T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2046886T3 (en)
GR (1) GR1001444B (en)
TR (1) TR26175A (en)
WO (1) WO1991012103A1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA91454B (en)

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FR2778735A1 (en) * 1998-05-12 1999-11-19 Basalt Refractaires France Sar Furnace lining repairing method

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Also Published As

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DK0514383T3 (en) 1994-03-21
DE59100509D1 (en) 1993-11-25
ZA91454B (en) 1991-11-27
US5330690A (en) 1994-07-19
ES2046886T3 (en) 1994-02-01
CA2075484A1 (en) 1991-08-08
AU636704B2 (en) 1993-05-06
JPH0798266B2 (en) 1995-10-25
BR9105928A (en) 1992-11-03
CA2075484C (en) 2001-03-20
WO1991012103A1 (en) 1991-08-22
TR26175A (en) 1995-02-15
DE4003646C1 (en) 1990-12-13
GR910100048A (en) 1992-06-30
GR1001444B (en) 1993-12-30
EP0514383A1 (en) 1992-11-25
ATE96065T1 (en) 1993-11-15
JPH05503879A (en) 1993-06-24
AU7046291A (en) 1991-09-03

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