EP0511579A1 - Breathing gas feed device - Google Patents

Breathing gas feed device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0511579A1
EP0511579A1 EP92106844A EP92106844A EP0511579A1 EP 0511579 A1 EP0511579 A1 EP 0511579A1 EP 92106844 A EP92106844 A EP 92106844A EP 92106844 A EP92106844 A EP 92106844A EP 0511579 A1 EP0511579 A1 EP 0511579A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
regulator
mask
valve
user
breathing gas
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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EP92106844A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Walter Höhener
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B7/00—Respiratory apparatus
    • A62B7/02—Respiratory apparatus with compressed oxygen or air
    • A62B7/04—Respiratory apparatus with compressed oxygen or air and lung-controlled oxygen or air valves
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B7/00—Respiratory apparatus
    • A62B7/14—Respiratory apparatus for high-altitude aircraft

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for supplying respiratory gas on demand. It applies in particular in the aeronautical field and more particularly to aircraft such as gliders, free balloons and non-pressurized aircraft.
  • Known respiratory gas supply devices are mainly intended for professional, civil or military use. These devices include a mask connected to a source of respiratory gas (usually pure oxygen) through a regulator.
  • the latter includes membranes to automatically regulate, depending on the altitude, the oxygen concentration and the pressure of the respiratory gas supplied to the user.
  • Such regulators are complex and therefore expensive.
  • Documents GB-1436463, GB-1422399 and EP-0287461 describe such regulators.
  • a simpler and lighter device is described in document US-4253455. It includes a regulator mounted directly on the mask.
  • the regulator has an adjustment button for manually adjusting the oxygen / ambient air ratio and a valve comprising a membrane acting as an inlet valve in the inspiration phase and as an outlet valve in the expiration phase.
  • the invention aims to remedy the drawbacks of known respiratory gas supply devices, and in particular to provide a simple and inexpensive respiratory gas supply device which can be used in gliders, free balloons and non-pressurized aircraft.
  • the device according to the invention comprises a mask provided with an inlet connection and an outlet valve, and a regulator provided with a valve controlled by a substantially flat membrane, with an upstream connection intended to be connected to a source of respiratory gas and a downstream connection connected to the mask, which is characterized in that the mask and the regulator are connected by a flexible flexible hose, in that the mask comprises a non-return valve arranged in the vicinity of the inlet fitting and in that the axes of the regulator fittings are parallel to the plane of the membrane.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a device for supplying respiratory gas of the on-demand type comprising a mask 2 and a regulator 4 connected by a flexible hose 6.
  • the regulator 4 is also connected to a source of respiratory gas (not shown) by a relatively rigid cord 8.
  • the respiratory gas is pure oxygen.
  • Pure oxygen is supplied on demand, that is, when inhaling, the user opens automatically a valve located in the regulator, thus allowing pure oxygen to flow in the regulator 4 and the pipe 6 to the mask 2.
  • the regulator 4 being of simple construction has a low weight, of the order of a hundred grams. It is not necessary to fix it to the frame of the aircraft, unlike the heavy and complex regulators mentioned in the documents GB-1436463, GB-1422399 and EP-0287461 cited above.
  • the length of the flexible pipe 6 is chosen so as to allow the user to turn the head freely. A length of the order of 10 to 30 cm is sufficient in this regard; the regulator, which then rests on the user's chest, can possibly be fixed to his garment by a fastening system of the VELCRO type (registered trademark), to prevent it from being driven by the user's movements .
  • the structure of the mask is visible in Figures 2 and 3. It mainly consists of a shell 10 intended to cover at least the nose and mouth of the user, and an inlet connector 12. A strap 14 adjustable keeps the shell 10 on the face of the user.
  • the flexible pipe 6 is provided at its end with a connector 16 which is mounted on the connector 12 and held in place by a flange 18. On either side of the connector 12, the shell is provided with an outlet valve 20, by which the air exhaled by the user is expelled, and a microphone 22. This microphone is useful when the user is a pilot; it can be deleted if the user is a passenger.
  • the mask 2 is provided with a non-return valve.
  • This is disposed between the connector 12 and the shell 10. It consists of a plate 24 pierced with a set of holes 26 and a valve 28 formed of a flexible and waterproof membrane.
  • the edges of the valve are drawn towards the user (the center of the valve is maintained against the plate 24 by a fixing screw 30), which opens the valve and puts in communication the chamber 32 of the shell 10 with the internal volume 34 of the flexible pipe 6.
  • the valve 28 is pushed back against the plate 24.
  • the exhaled air cannot therefore reach the flexible hose or the regulator, which eliminates the icing problems mentioned above.
  • the regulator is shown in plan view and in longitudinal section respectively in FIGS. 4 and 5. For greater clarity, certain internal parts of the regulator have not been shown in FIG. 4.
  • the regulator comprises a box 36 and a cover 38 which together define a chamber 40.
  • a first channel 42, or upstream channel, and a second channel 44, or downstream channel, are drilled in the wall of the box 36 to communicate the volume of chamber 40 with the exterior.
  • a barbed connector 46 is mounted on the outer end of the upstream channel 42, and held in position by a screwed plate 48. This connector 46 is intended to receive the cord 8 (cf. FIG. 1) by which the pure oxygen is brought .
  • a connector 50 intended to receive the flexible pipe 6 (cf. FIG. 1), is mounted on the outer end of the downstream channel 44.
  • the connector 50 can be glued, while the connector 46 is preferably removable, to allow the installation and replacement of certain parts of the regulator.
  • the regulator 4 has the form of an elongated flat housing.
  • the bottom of the box 36 therefore naturally rests on the chest of the user and the upper face of the regulator, which has adjustment knobs which will be described later, is thus easily accessible in all circumstances.
  • the axes of the fittings 46 and 50 are arranged parallel to the plane of the regulator housing, that is to say parallel to its cover 38. This arrangement is most comfortable for the user.
  • the axes of the fittings 46 and 50 are parallel to each other, or in other terms that the angle between the directions of these two axes is equal to 180 °, it is understood that it would also be possible to adopt a different arrangement, for example such as the angle formed by the directions of these axes is equal to 90 ° (the connector 50 would then be at the top of the regulator, relative to the direction of FIG. 4). Of course, any other arrangement in which the two connections remain parallel to the plane of the housing is possible.
  • a substantially circular membrane 52 is fixed near the bottom of the box 36. Its upper face is subjected to the pressure prevailing in the chamber 40, while its lower face is subjected to the external ambient pressure, by virtue of a channel 54 passing through the wall of the box 36.
  • This membrane 52 can act on a washer 58 mounted on the free end of a lever 56.
  • the other end of the lever, which forms the pivot point of the lever, comprises a disc 60.
  • This ci is pushed by a spring 62 against an annular shoulder 64 of a cylinder 66 mounted in the upstream channel 42.
  • the disc 60 and the annular shoulder 64 thus constitute respectively the valve and valve seat valve.
  • the user does not normally receive pure oxygen, but a mixture of ambient air / pure oxygen, the respective proportions of which he can adjust. It has for this a manual adjustment button 68, which has a base pierced with a channel 70 which can be oriented relative to a channel in two parts 72, 74 pierced in the box 36 and connecting the chamber 40 with the outside.
  • the button 68 preferably comprises two stops 76, 78 which define the two extreme orientations of the channel 70, that is to say the two extreme proportions of ambient air in the inspired gas mixture. These two extreme positions are also defined by notches 80, 82 arranged to cooperate with a ball 84.
  • the channel 70 is aligned with the channel 72, 74, so that a large flow of ambient air is possible; thus, the air inspired by the user is relatively poor in pure oxygen.
  • the knob 68 is turned 90 ° counterclockwise (until the stop 78 comes against the cover 38)
  • the channel 70 is practically no longer in communication with the channel 72, 74 , so that the air inspired by the user is very rich in pure oxygen. It should be noted that it is desirable that the communication between the channel 70 and the channel 72, 74 is not completely interrupted, so that the pressure in the chamber 40 remains equal to the ambient pressure.
  • Button 68 therefore allows manual adjustment of the proportion of ambient air in the inspired gas mixture. This is important for a pilot since it is known that the concentration of pure oxygen must increase with the altitude of the aircraft.
  • the regulator also includes a second button 86 which allows rapid supply of pure oxygen in the event of an emergency.
  • This button has at its base a channel which can be put in communication with a channel 88 opening into the upstream channel 42 and with a channel 90 opening into the chamber 40. In the normal position of the button 86, the channels 88 and 90 are isolated from one another. In an emergency, the user can, by pressing the button 86, put in direct communication the channel 42 and the chamber 40, via the channels 88 and 90, and thus automatically obtain pure oxygen, without need to inspire.
  • This button generally has a spring which returns it to the normal position when it is no longer actuated.

Abstract

The invention relates to breathing-gas feed device. This device comprises a mask 2 fitted with an intake connector 12, with a discharge valve 20 and with a regulator 4 fitted with an upstream connector 46 intended to be connected to a supply of breathing gas and with a downstream connector 50 connected to the mask 2 by means of a flexible hose 6. It is characterised in that the mask 2 is fed with breathing gas, by means of control buttons 68-86 located on the regulator 4, through a non-return valve 24-30, separated from the used gas discharge valve 20 and lying in a plane above the said discharge valve. The invention can be used in lighter-than-air aircraft such as gliders, free balloons and non-pressurised aircraft. <IMAGE>

Description

L'invention concerne un dispositif d'alimentation en gaz respiratoire à la demande. Elle s'applique notamment dans le domaine aéronautique et plus particulièrement aux aéronefs tels que les planeurs, les ballons libres et les aéronefs non pressurisés.The invention relates to a device for supplying respiratory gas on demand. It applies in particular in the aeronautical field and more particularly to aircraft such as gliders, free balloons and non-pressurized aircraft.

Les dispositifs d'alimentation en gaz respiratoire connus sont surtout destinés à un usage professionnel, civil ou militaire. Ces dispositifs comprennent un masque relié à une source de gaz respiratoire (généralement de l'oxygène pur) par l'intermédiaire d'un régulateur. Ce dernier comprend des membranes pour réguler automatiquement, en fonction de l'altitude, la concentration d'oxygène et la pression du gaz respiratoire fourni à l'utilisateur. De tels régulateurs sont complexes et par conséquent coûteux. Les documents GB-1436463, GB-1422399 et EP-0287461 décrivent de tels régulateurs.Known respiratory gas supply devices are mainly intended for professional, civil or military use. These devices include a mask connected to a source of respiratory gas (usually pure oxygen) through a regulator. The latter includes membranes to automatically regulate, depending on the altitude, the oxygen concentration and the pressure of the respiratory gas supplied to the user. Such regulators are complex and therefore expensive. Documents GB-1436463, GB-1422399 and EP-0287461 describe such regulators.

Un dispositif plus simple et plus léger est décrit dans le document US-4253455. Il comporte un régulateur monté directement sur le masque. Le régulateur comporte un bouton de réglage pour ajuster manuellement la proportion oxygène/air ambiant et une valve comportant une membrane agissant comme clapet d'entrée en phase d'inspiration et comme clapet de sortie en phase d'expiration.A simpler and lighter device is described in document US-4253455. It includes a regulator mounted directly on the mask. The regulator has an adjustment button for manually adjusting the oxygen / ambient air ratio and a valve comprising a membrane acting as an inlet valve in the inspiration phase and as an outlet valve in the expiration phase.

Cette construction n'est pas totalement satisfaisante. En effet, dans les aéronefs dépourvus d'un système de chauffage efficace, tels que les planeurs et les ballons libres, on constate à l'usage que la valve est sujet au givrage. Ceci provient de ce que, en phase d'expiration, l'air humide expiré par l'utilisateur se condense au contact de la membrane. Par ailleurs, le fait de placer le régulateur sur le masque alourdit et déséquilibre le masque, d'où un certain inconfort pour l'utilisateur.This construction is not completely satisfactory. In fact, in aircraft lacking an efficient heating system, such as gliders and free balloons, it is observed in use that the valve is subject to icing. This is due to the fact that, during the expiration phase, the humid air exhaled by the user condenses on contact with the membrane. Furthermore, the fact of placing the regulator on the mask weighs down and unbalances the mask, resulting in a certain discomfort for the user.

L'invention vise à remédier aux inconvénients des dispositifs d'alimentation en gaz respiratoire connus, et notamment à fournir un dispositif d'alimentation en gaz respiratoire simple et peu coûteux, qui soit utilisable dans les planeurs, les ballons libres et les aéronefs non pressurisés.The invention aims to remedy the drawbacks of known respiratory gas supply devices, and in particular to provide a simple and inexpensive respiratory gas supply device which can be used in gliders, free balloons and non-pressurized aircraft.

De manière précise, le dispositif selon l'invention comporte un masque muni d'un raccord d'entrée et d'une valve de sortie, et un régulateur muni d'une valve commandée par une membrane sensiblement plane, d'un raccord amont destiné à être relié à une source de gaz respiratoire et d'un raccord aval relié au masque, qui se caractérise en ce que le masque et le régulateur sont reliés par un tuyau souple flexible, en ce que le masque comporte une valve anti-retour disposée au voisinage du raccord d'entrée et en ce que les axes des raccords du régulateur sont parallèles au plan de la membrane.Specifically, the device according to the invention comprises a mask provided with an inlet connection and an outlet valve, and a regulator provided with a valve controlled by a substantially flat membrane, with an upstream connection intended to be connected to a source of respiratory gas and a downstream connection connected to the mask, which is characterized in that the mask and the regulator are connected by a flexible flexible hose, in that the mask comprises a non-return valve arranged in the vicinity of the inlet fitting and in that the axes of the regulator fittings are parallel to the plane of the membrane.

Les caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention ressortiront mieux de la description qui va suivre, donnée à titre illustratif mais non limitatif, en référence aux dessins annexés, sur lesquels :

  • la figure 1 illustre un mode de réalisation du dispositif selon l'invention,
  • la figure 2 est une coupe suivant la ligne II-II de la figure 1 montrant le masque du dispositif,
  • la figure 3 est une vue de côté agrandie, partiellement en coupe, du masque de la figure 1,
  • les figures 4 et 5 représentent respectivement une vue de dessus et une coupe longitudinale du régulateur du dispositif de la figure 1.
The characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge more clearly from the description which follows, given by way of illustration but not limitation, with reference to the appended drawings, in which:
  • FIG. 1 illustrates an embodiment of the device according to the invention,
  • FIG. 2 is a section along line II-II of FIG. 1 showing the mask of the device,
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged side view, partially in section, of the mask of FIG. 1,
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 respectively represent a top view and a longitudinal section of the regulator of the device of FIG. 1.

La figure 1 illustre un dispositif d'alimentation en gaz respiratoire du type à la demande comprenant un masque 2 et un régulateur 4 reliés par un tuyau flexible 6. Le régulateur 4 est en outre relié à une source de gaz respiratoire (non représentée) par un cordon 8 relativement rigide. A titre d'exemple, on suppose que le gaz respiratoire est de l'oxygène pur.FIG. 1 illustrates a device for supplying respiratory gas of the on-demand type comprising a mask 2 and a regulator 4 connected by a flexible hose 6. The regulator 4 is also connected to a source of respiratory gas (not shown) by a relatively rigid cord 8. By way of example, it is assumed that the respiratory gas is pure oxygen.

L'oxygène pur est fourni à la demande, c'est-à-dire que, lorsqu'il inspire, l'utilisateur ouvre automatiquement une valve située dans le régulateur, permettant ainsi à l'oxygène pur de s'écouler dans le régulateur 4 et le tuyau 6 jusqu'au masque 2.Pure oxygen is supplied on demand, that is, when inhaling, the user opens automatically a valve located in the regulator, thus allowing pure oxygen to flow in the regulator 4 and the pipe 6 to the mask 2.

Le régulateur 4 étant de construction simple présente un poids peu élevé, de l'ordre d'une centaine de grammes. Il n'est pas nécessaire de le fixer au bâti de l'aéronef, à la différence des régulateurs lourds et complexes évoqués dans les documents GB-1436463, GB-1422399 et EP-0287461 cités plus haut. La longueur du tuyau flexible 6 est choisie de manière à permettre à l'utilisateur de tourner la tête librement. Une longueur de l'ordre de 10 à 30 cm est à cet égard suffisante; le régulateur, qui repose alors sur la poitrine de l'utilisateur, peut éventuellement être fixée à son vêtement par un système d'attache du type VELCRO (marque déposée), pour éviter qu'il ne soit entraîné par les mouvements de l'utilisateur.The regulator 4 being of simple construction has a low weight, of the order of a hundred grams. It is not necessary to fix it to the frame of the aircraft, unlike the heavy and complex regulators mentioned in the documents GB-1436463, GB-1422399 and EP-0287461 cited above. The length of the flexible pipe 6 is chosen so as to allow the user to turn the head freely. A length of the order of 10 to 30 cm is sufficient in this regard; the regulator, which then rests on the user's chest, can possibly be fixed to his garment by a fastening system of the VELCRO type (registered trademark), to prevent it from being driven by the user's movements .

La structure du masque est visible sur les figures 2 et 3. Il se compose principalement d'une coque 10 destinée à recouvrir au moins le nez et la bouche de l'utilisateur, et d'un raccord d'entrée 12. Une lanière 14 ajustable permet de maintenir la coque 10 sur le visage de l'utilisateur. Le tuyau flexible 6 est muni à son extrêmité d'un raccord 16 qui est monté sur le raccord 12 et maintenu en place par une bride 18. De part et d'autre du raccord 12, la coque est munie d'une valve de sortie 20, par laquelle l'air expiré par l'utilisateur est expulsé, et d'un microphone 22. Ce microphone est utile lorsque l'utilisateur est un pilote; il peut être supprimé si l'utilisateur est un passager.The structure of the mask is visible in Figures 2 and 3. It mainly consists of a shell 10 intended to cover at least the nose and mouth of the user, and an inlet connector 12. A strap 14 adjustable keeps the shell 10 on the face of the user. The flexible pipe 6 is provided at its end with a connector 16 which is mounted on the connector 12 and held in place by a flange 18. On either side of the connector 12, the shell is provided with an outlet valve 20, by which the air exhaled by the user is expelled, and a microphone 22. This microphone is useful when the user is a pilot; it can be deleted if the user is a passenger.

Conformément à l'invention, le masque 2 est muni d'une valve anti-retour. Celle-ci est disposée entre le raccord 12 et la coque 10. Elle se compose d'une plaquette 24 percée d'un ensemble d'orifices 26 et d'un clapet 28 formé d'une membrane souple et étanche. Lorsque l'utilisateur inspire, les bords du clapet sont attirés vers l'utilisateur (le centre du clapet est maintenu contre la plaquette 24 par une vis de fixation 30), ce qui ouvre la valve et met en comunication la chambre 32 de la coque 10 avec le volume interne 34 du tuyau flexible 6. Au contraire, lorsque l'utilisateur expire, le clapet 28 est repoussé contre la plaquette 24. L'air expiré ne peut donc pas atteindre le tuyau flexible ou le régulateur, ce qui supprime les problèmes de givrage évoqués plus haut.According to the invention, the mask 2 is provided with a non-return valve. This is disposed between the connector 12 and the shell 10. It consists of a plate 24 pierced with a set of holes 26 and a valve 28 formed of a flexible and waterproof membrane. When the user inhales, the edges of the valve are drawn towards the user (the center of the valve is maintained against the plate 24 by a fixing screw 30), which opens the valve and puts in communication the chamber 32 of the shell 10 with the internal volume 34 of the flexible pipe 6. On the contrary, when the user expires, the valve 28 is pushed back against the plate 24. The exhaled air cannot therefore reach the flexible hose or the regulator, which eliminates the icing problems mentioned above.

Le régulateur est représenté en vue de dessus et en coupe longitudinale respectivement sur les figures 4 et 5. Pour plus de clarté, certaines pièces internes du régulateur n'ont pas été représentées sur la figure 4.The regulator is shown in plan view and in longitudinal section respectively in FIGS. 4 and 5. For greater clarity, certain internal parts of the regulator have not been shown in FIG. 4.

Le régulateur comprend une boîte 36 et un couvercle 38 qui définissent ensemble une chambre 40. Un premier canal 42, ou canal amont, et un second canal 44, ou canal aval, sont percés dans la paroi de la boîte 36 pour mettre en communication le volume de la chambre 40 avec l'extérieur. Un raccord cannelé 46 est monté sur l'extrémité extérieure du canal amont 42, et maintenu en position par une plaquette vissée 48. Ce raccord 46 est destiné à recevoir le cordon 8 (cf. figure 1) par lequel l'oxygène pur est amené. De même, un raccord 50, destiné à recevoir le tuyau flexible 6 (cf. figure 1), est monté sur l'extrémité extérieure du canal aval 44. Le raccord 50 peut être collé, alors que le raccord 46 est de préférence amovible, pour permettre la mise en place et le remplacement de certaines pièces du régulateur.The regulator comprises a box 36 and a cover 38 which together define a chamber 40. A first channel 42, or upstream channel, and a second channel 44, or downstream channel, are drilled in the wall of the box 36 to communicate the volume of chamber 40 with the exterior. A barbed connector 46 is mounted on the outer end of the upstream channel 42, and held in position by a screwed plate 48. This connector 46 is intended to receive the cord 8 (cf. FIG. 1) by which the pure oxygen is brought . Likewise, a connector 50, intended to receive the flexible pipe 6 (cf. FIG. 1), is mounted on the outer end of the downstream channel 44. The connector 50 can be glued, while the connector 46 is preferably removable, to allow the installation and replacement of certain parts of the regulator.

Le régulateur 4 a la forme d'un boîtier plat allongé. Le fond de la boîte 36 repose donc naturellement sur la poitrine de l'utilisateur et la face supérieure du régulateur, qui comporte des boutons de réglage qui seront décrits ultérieurement, est ainsi facilement accessible en toutes circonstances. Les axes des raccords 46 et 50 sont disposés parallèlement au plan du boîtier du régulateur, c'est-à-dire parallélement à son couvercle 38. Cette disposition est la plus confortable pour l'utilisateur. Bien que dans le mode de réalisation représenté les axes des raccords 46 et 50 soient parallèles entre eux, ou en d'autres termes que l'angle entre les directions de ces deux axes soit égal à 180°, on conçoit qu'il serait également possible d'adopter une disposition différente, par exemple telle que l'angle formé par les directions de ces axes soit égal à 90° (le raccord 50 serait alors en haut du régulateur, par rapport au sens de la figure 4). Bien entendu, toute autre disposition dans laquelle les deux raccords restent parallèles au plan du boîtier est possible.The regulator 4 has the form of an elongated flat housing. The bottom of the box 36 therefore naturally rests on the chest of the user and the upper face of the regulator, which has adjustment knobs which will be described later, is thus easily accessible in all circumstances. The axes of the fittings 46 and 50 are arranged parallel to the plane of the regulator housing, that is to say parallel to its cover 38. This arrangement is most comfortable for the user. Although in the embodiment shown the axes of the fittings 46 and 50 are parallel to each other, or in other terms that the angle between the directions of these two axes is equal to 180 °, it is understood that it would also be possible to adopt a different arrangement, for example such as the angle formed by the directions of these axes is equal to 90 ° (the connector 50 would then be at the top of the regulator, relative to the direction of FIG. 4). Of course, any other arrangement in which the two connections remain parallel to the plane of the housing is possible.

Une membrane 52 sensiblement circulaire est fixée à proximité du fond de la boîte 36. Sa face supérieure est soumise à la pression régnant dans la chambre 40, alors que sa face inférieure est soumise à la pression ambiante extérieure, grâce à un canal 54 traversant la paroi de la boîte 36. Cette membrane 52 peut agir sur une rondelle 58 montée sur l'extrémité libre d'un levier 56. L'autre extrémité du levier, qui forme le point de pivotement du levier, comporte un disque 60. Celui-ci est repoussé par un ressort 62 contre un épaulement annulaire 64 d'un cylindre 66 monté dans le canal amont 42. Le disque 60 et l'épaulement annulaire 64 constituent ainsi respectivement le clapet et le siège de clapet d'une valve.A substantially circular membrane 52 is fixed near the bottom of the box 36. Its upper face is subjected to the pressure prevailing in the chamber 40, while its lower face is subjected to the external ambient pressure, by virtue of a channel 54 passing through the wall of the box 36. This membrane 52 can act on a washer 58 mounted on the free end of a lever 56. The other end of the lever, which forms the pivot point of the lever, comprises a disc 60. This ci is pushed by a spring 62 against an annular shoulder 64 of a cylinder 66 mounted in the upstream channel 42. The disc 60 and the annular shoulder 64 thus constitute respectively the valve and valve seat valve.

On comprend que l'ouverture et la fermeture de cette valve sont commandées par le mouvement de la membrane 52. Comme on le verra dans la suite de la description, lorsque l'utilisateur n'inspire pas, la pression dans la chambre 40 est égale à la pression extérieure; la membrane 52 est alors plane, comme représenté sur la figure 5, et la valve 60, 64 est fermée. Au conmtraire, lorsque l'utilisateur inspire, la pression dans la chambre 40 s'abaisse, ce qui attire la membrane 52 vers le haut (par rapport au dessin de la figure 5). Celle-ci fait alors pivoter le levier 56, ce qui ouvre la valve 60, 64. L'oxygène pur amené par le cordon 8 jusqu'au raccord 46 peut alors s'écouler dans le canal 42, dans la chambre 40 et finalement jusqu'au masque 2 (cf. figure 1). L'oxygène pur est ainsi fourni à la demande à l'utilisateur, c'est-à-dire qu'il est fourni à chaque inspiration de l'utilisateur.It is understood that the opening and closing of this valve are controlled by the movement of the membrane 52. As will be seen in the following description, when the user does not breathe, the pressure in the chamber 40 is equal external pressure; the membrane 52 is then flat, as shown in FIG. 5, and the valve 60, 64 is closed. Conversely, when the user breathes in, the pressure in the chamber 40 drops, which attracts the membrane 52 upwards (relative to the drawing in FIG. 5). This then makes the lever 56 pivot, which opens the valve 60, 64. The pure oxygen brought by the cord 8 to the connector 46 can then flow into the channel 42, into the chamber 40 and finally up to 'in mask 2 (see figure 1). Pure oxygen is thus supplied on demand to the user, i.e. it is supplied to each user inspiration.

En pratique, l'utilisateur ne reçoit normalement pas de l'oxygène pur, mais un mélange air ambiant/oxygène pur dont il peut régler les proportions respectives. Il dispose pour celà d'un bouton de réglage manuel 68, qui comporte une base percée d'un canal 70 pouvant être orienté par rapport à un canal en deux parties 72, 74 percé dans la boîte 36 et reliant la chambre 40 avec l'extérieur. Le bouton 68 comporte de préférence deux butées 76, 78 qui définissent les deux orientations extrêmes du canal 70, c'est-à-dire les deux proportions extrêmes d'air ambiant dans le mélange gazeux inspiré. Ces deux positions extrêmes sont également définies par des encoches 80, 82 agencées pour coopérer avec une bille 84.In practice, the user does not normally receive pure oxygen, but a mixture of ambient air / pure oxygen, the respective proportions of which he can adjust. It has for this a manual adjustment button 68, which has a base pierced with a channel 70 which can be oriented relative to a channel in two parts 72, 74 pierced in the box 36 and connecting the chamber 40 with the outside. The button 68 preferably comprises two stops 76, 78 which define the two extreme orientations of the channel 70, that is to say the two extreme proportions of ambient air in the inspired gas mixture. These two extreme positions are also defined by notches 80, 82 arranged to cooperate with a ball 84.

Dans la position représentée sur la figure 4, le canal 70 est aligné avec le canal 72, 74, de sorte qu'un débit important d'air ambiant est possible; ainsi, l'air inspiré par l'utilisateur est relativement pauvre en oxygène pur. Au contraire, si le bouton 68 est tourné de 90° dans le sens anti-horaire (jusqu'à ce que la butée 78 vienne contre le couvercle 38), le canal 70 n'est pratiquement plus en communication avec le canal 72, 74, de sorte que l'air inspiré par l'utilisateur est très riche en oxygène pur. Il faut noter qu'il est souhaitable que la communication entre le canal 70 et le canal 72, 74 ne soit pas totalement interrompue, de manière que la pression dans la chambre 40 reste égale à la pression ambiante.In the position shown in Figure 4, the channel 70 is aligned with the channel 72, 74, so that a large flow of ambient air is possible; thus, the air inspired by the user is relatively poor in pure oxygen. On the contrary, if the knob 68 is turned 90 ° counterclockwise (until the stop 78 comes against the cover 38), the channel 70 is practically no longer in communication with the channel 72, 74 , so that the air inspired by the user is very rich in pure oxygen. It should be noted that it is desirable that the communication between the channel 70 and the channel 72, 74 is not completely interrupted, so that the pressure in the chamber 40 remains equal to the ambient pressure.

Le bouton 68 permet donc de régler manuellement la proportion d'air ambiant dans le mélange gazeux inspiré. Ceci est important pour un pilote puisqu'on sait que la concentration en oxygène pur doit augmenter avec l'altitude de l'aéronef.Button 68 therefore allows manual adjustment of the proportion of ambient air in the inspired gas mixture. This is important for a pilot since it is known that the concentration of pure oxygen must increase with the altitude of the aircraft.

Le régulateur comprend également un second bouton 86 qui permet une alimentation rapide en oxygène pur en cas d'urgence. Ce bouton comporte à sa base un canal qui peut être mis en communication avec un canal 88 débouchant dans le canal amont 42 et avec un canal 90 débouchant dans la chambre 40. En position normale du bouton 86, les canaux 88 et 90 sont isolés l'un de l'autre. En cas d'urgence, l'utilisateur peut, en enfonçant le bouton 86, mettre en communication directe le canal 42 et la chambre 40, par l'intermédiaire des canaux 88 et 90, et obtenir ainsi automatiquement de l'oxygène pur, sans avoir besoin d'inspirer. Ce bouton comporte généralement un ressort qui le ramène en position normale lorsqu'on cesse de l'actionner.The regulator also includes a second button 86 which allows rapid supply of pure oxygen in the event of an emergency. This button has at its base a channel which can be put in communication with a channel 88 opening into the upstream channel 42 and with a channel 90 opening into the chamber 40. In the normal position of the button 86, the channels 88 and 90 are isolated from one another. In an emergency, the user can, by pressing the button 86, put in direct communication the channel 42 and the chamber 40, via the channels 88 and 90, and thus automatically obtain pure oxygen, without need to inspire. This button generally has a spring which returns it to the normal position when it is no longer actuated.

Claims (5)

Dispositif d'alimentation en gaz respiratoire comportant un masque (2) muni d'un raccord d'entrée (12) d'une valve de sortie (20) et d'un régulateur (4) muni d'un accord amont (46) destiné à être relié à une source de gaz respiratoire et d'un raccord aval (50) relié au masque (2) par un tuyau flexible (6), caractérisé en ce que le masque (2) est alimenté en gaz respiratoire au moyen de boutons de commande (68-86) situé sur le régulateur (4) à travers une valve antiretour (24-30) disposé au voisinage du raccord d'entrée (12) et en ce que l'expulsion des gaz usés se fait à travers une valve de sortie (20) séparée du raccord d'entrée (12).Respiratory gas supply device comprising a mask (2) provided with an inlet connection (12) with an outlet valve (20) and a regulator (4) provided with an upstream agreement (46) intended to be connected to a source of respiratory gas and a downstream connection (50) connected to the mask (2) by a flexible pipe (6), characterized in that the mask (2) is supplied with respiratory gas by means of control buttons (68-86) located on the regulator (4) through a non-return valve (24-30) arranged in the vicinity of the inlet connection (12) and in that the expulsion of the used gases is done through an outlet valve (20) separate from the inlet fitting (12). Dispositif d'alimentation en gaz respiratoire selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le raccord d'entrée (12) se trouve dans un plan supérieur à la valve de sortie (20) lorsque ledit dispositif est porté de l'usager.Breathing gas supply device according to claim 1, characterized in that the inlet connection (12) is in a plane above the outlet valve (20) when said device is worn by the user. Dispositif d'alimentation en gaz respiratoire selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le régulateur (4) comporte un bouton de réglage manuel (68) du mélange gaz respiratoire - gaz ambiant.Breathing gas supply device according to claim 1, characterized in that the regulator (4) comprises a manual adjustment button (68) of the breathing gas - ambient gas mixture. Dispositif d'alimentation en gaz respiratoire selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le régulateur comporte un bouton (86) permettant de transmettre directement le gaz respiratoire du raccord amont (46) au raccord aval (50), quelle que soit la position de la valve (60, 64) du régulateur (4).Respiratory gas supply device according to claim 1, characterized in that the regulator comprises a button (86) allowing direct transmission of the respiratory gas from the upstream connection (46) to the downstream connection (50), whatever the position of the regulator valve (60, 64) (4). Dispositif d'alimentation en gaz respiratoire selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce le masque (2) est muni en outre d'un microphone (22).Breathing gas supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the mask (2) is further provided with a microphone (22).
EP92106844A 1991-04-29 1992-04-22 Breathing gas feed device Withdrawn EP0511579A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9105379 1991-04-29
FR9105379A FR2675696A1 (en) 1991-04-29 1991-04-29 DEVICE FOR SUPPLYING RESPIRATORY GAS.

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EP0511579A1 true EP0511579A1 (en) 1992-11-04

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2378468A (en) * 1942-05-20 1945-06-19 Air Reduction Pressure regulator
US2391677A (en) * 1943-07-22 1945-12-25 Arthur H Bulbulian High altitude oxygen supplying mask
US2409327A (en) * 1943-03-02 1946-10-15 Leonard A Wiggins Oxygen demand regulator
US2521310A (en) * 1945-06-19 1950-09-05 Garrett Corp Oxygen demand pressure breathing regulator
US2627866A (en) * 1943-04-06 1953-02-10 Bendix Aviation Corporation Demand regulator
FR1035459A (en) * 1951-04-16 1953-08-25 Improvements to devices such as oxygen inhalers, especially for breathing at high altitude
FR2469183A1 (en) * 1979-11-15 1981-05-22 Intertechnique Sa Regulator for breathing apparatus - has demand valve for oxygen supply with forced action valve to control inhalation and exhalation

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3018790A (en) * 1956-06-18 1962-01-30 Garrett Corp Respiration apparatus
US3357447A (en) * 1965-04-09 1967-12-12 Mine Safety Appliances Co Breathing apparatus demand valve

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2378468A (en) * 1942-05-20 1945-06-19 Air Reduction Pressure regulator
US2409327A (en) * 1943-03-02 1946-10-15 Leonard A Wiggins Oxygen demand regulator
US2627866A (en) * 1943-04-06 1953-02-10 Bendix Aviation Corporation Demand regulator
US2391677A (en) * 1943-07-22 1945-12-25 Arthur H Bulbulian High altitude oxygen supplying mask
US2521310A (en) * 1945-06-19 1950-09-05 Garrett Corp Oxygen demand pressure breathing regulator
FR1035459A (en) * 1951-04-16 1953-08-25 Improvements to devices such as oxygen inhalers, especially for breathing at high altitude
FR62653E (en) * 1951-04-16 1955-06-16 Improvements to devices such as oxygen inhalers, especially for breathing at high altitude
FR2469183A1 (en) * 1979-11-15 1981-05-22 Intertechnique Sa Regulator for breathing apparatus - has demand valve for oxygen supply with forced action valve to control inhalation and exhalation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
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