EP0511517B1 - Split guiding device - Google Patents

Split guiding device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0511517B1
EP0511517B1 EP92105850A EP92105850A EP0511517B1 EP 0511517 B1 EP0511517 B1 EP 0511517B1 EP 92105850 A EP92105850 A EP 92105850A EP 92105850 A EP92105850 A EP 92105850A EP 0511517 B1 EP0511517 B1 EP 0511517B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
parts
vane
diffuser device
vanes
diffuser
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP92105850A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0511517A1 (en
Inventor
Karlheinz Becker
Peter Milla
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KSB AG
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KSB AG
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/42Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/44Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
    • F04D29/445Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers especially adapted for liquid pumps
    • F04D29/448Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers especially adapted for liquid pumps bladed diffusers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05DINDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2250/00Geometry
    • F05D2250/50Inlet or outlet
    • F05D2250/52Outlet

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a guide device according to the preamble of the main claim.
  • stator for centrifugal pumps which consists of two symmetrically designed but oppositely directed stator halves.
  • Each stator wheel half is provided with a complete stator wheel having a blade start and a blade end.
  • the stator halves are arranged within a pump housing so that the blades of one stator half face the channels of the other stator half.
  • no closed stator channels are formed, but a guide vane channel is formed in the development in a meandering manner.
  • This solution offers the advantage of using washers to adapt the width of the stator to the respective impeller width, in that the individual blades protrude more or less deeply into the stator channel.
  • This stator shape could be produced in a simple manner and by machining, but it has the disadvantage that it creates noise, vibrations and - in relation to today's performance conditions - unfavorable efficiency levels.
  • guide devices have been developed in which one part of the guide wheel is provided with free-standing blades, and one against the attachable stator cover closes the stator and forms closed guide channels.
  • this solution has the disadvantage that it can only be produced by machining or casting technology in the case of large swallowing widths, since otherwise the production effort becomes uneconomical.
  • they have the disadvantage that a considerable effort is required for attaching the stator cover to the free-standing blade ends in order to obtain a tight connection due to the pressure conditions prevailing within the stator.
  • a guide device is known from FR-A-2 185 222, the guide vanes of which are formed in two parts to form an opening. With the help of the openings, the medium should be exchanged between the individual stator channels.
  • the guide vane parts are formed in one piece with the guide device or are part of a two-part wall surface in order to enable the guide vane parts to be adjustable while forming a flow-through gap.
  • CH-A-221 387 shows a multi-part guide device, in the two-part outer housing of which a bladed insert is held in a clampable manner.
  • a centrifugal pump impeller is known that is made in two parts for the production of very narrow impeller channels. The individual impeller parts are positioned to each other by rivets, screws or solder connections.
  • the object of the invention is to develop a guiding device which can be machined or cast in a very simple manner and which is provided with a minimum of centering and fitting surfaces. This object is achieved in accordance with the characterizing part of the main claim.
  • at least two blades are divided in length and divided by one positive plug connection connected to each other. In the area of their division, the parts of the guide device to be connected are fitted. The remaining blades can alternately be part of the guide device parts and rest sealingly against them.
  • each guide device part of the guide channel has two wall surfaces which stand on one another and enclose an angle between them.
  • the guide channels delimited by blades are formed for a conveying medium.
  • the blades are, as it were, divided in their blade length, the separation point running transversely to the blade length. Attaching the blade parts forming the beginning of the blade to the one guide device part and attaching the additional blade parts forming the blade end to the other guide device part enables problem-free assembly and simple centering of the guide device parts.
  • An embodiment of the invention provides that at least three partial planes are provided between the guide device parts to be connected to one another, two partial planes intersecting the central axis of the guide device and being axially spaced from one another and by the third partial plane running in the direction of the central axis and dividing the blades are connected.
  • the respective free-standing long sides of the blade parts thus lie sealingly on the opposite guide device part delimiting the blade channel.
  • a further embodiment of the invention provides that the guide device parts are connected to one another by means of a form-fitting plug connection in the area of the blade division.
  • the guide device parts to be connected can be centered by corresponding overlaps in the area of the blade parts to be connected.
  • a further embodiment of the invention provides for this that the part plane dividing the blades has no straight line.
  • An arcuate, S-shaped, Z-shaped, meandering or similarly shaped course of the partial plane of the blades is advantageous. This has the advantage that not only is the two parts centered with respect to one another, but that, due to the part plane profile, an anti-rotation device is also generated. For assembly, it is sufficient to simply plug the parts into one another. Elaborate centering, dowel pins and connecting elements, as were previously required in multi-stage turbomachines, are completely eliminated. When assembling such a turbomachine, the centering and positioning of the individual guide device parts can only be placed in the connection area of the divided blades. In the case of wholly or partial machining, For example, by milling forged, pressed or cast raw parts, extremely cost-effective production and assembly is possible.
  • Yet another embodiment of the invention provides that the third partial plane of each blade, which runs in the axial direction and separates the blades, is arranged in front of the blade tips of each downstream blade. This makes it possible to machine or rework each guide device part, for example, in one clamping and with only one milling tool.
  • this area is also known as the stator inlet or swallowing distance. If the distance between the blades is very small, this channel part could only be produced with narrow, thin end mills and was therefore time-consuming and risky.
  • the partial plane can be placed in front of the beginning or the end of a blade with small channel cross sections. The distance between the beginning or end of the blade and the part plane of the blade is chosen so large that a milling cutter with a large diameter can be passed between the blade parts in the simplest way for an inexpensive production and the blade contour can thus be worked out.
  • Subclaims 8 to 12 describe which blades can each be designed to be divisible.
  • a guide device which is used, for example, in multi-stage pumps
  • the entire stator or stage housing package can be plugged into one another. If these are guide devices with downstream return sections and cover parts or partitions arranged between them, then The return blades can be part of the actual stator and part of a subordinate or preceding cover part or an intermediate wall. In a corresponding manner, this is also possible in the case of a stage housing which receives a stator and is provided with return blades. Elaborate fitting surfaces and shoulders, which serve for centering, can be completely eliminated.
  • the entire centering of the parts of the guide device to be connected takes place via the parting plane in the area of the blades which are composed of parts. This also ensures that the components are prevented from rotating with one another. For the assembly of such a turbomachine, this means a serious simplification, since it is therefore only necessary to simply plug the individual components into one another. Furthermore, it can thus be adapted to different wheel widths in a simplicity that is no longer to be surpassed. Since only a change in the blade width is required, the guide device can be adapted to the desired impeller width during manufacture. This is possible in machining by simple program changes.
  • the example of a guiding device of a turbomachine shown in FIG. 1 shows a stage housing of a multi-stage centrifugal pump.
  • the stage housing (1) is of a pot-shaped design and has in its inward-pointing bottom part, which functionally forms a cover part (2) for a downstream stage housing (3), with blade parts (4) of return blades provided with blade starts.
  • Partitions (5, 6) are arranged in these step housings (1, 3). These have vane parts (7, 8) of the stator blades, which are provided with blade starts on one side.
  • blade parts (9, 10) of the return blades are provided with blade ends. The parting lines between these parts are shown with double line width.
  • the parting planes (A, B) of the return section are here spaced apart in radial planes.
  • the parting plane (C) divides the return blades into two parts and runs in the axial direction. If necessary, any other course of the parting plane (C) is also possible.
  • the stage housing (1, 3) are in turn centered on the stator blade parts.
  • blade parts (11) of the stator blades are provided with blade ends.
  • the stage housing (1) is thus centered on the intermediate wall (6) of the subsequent stage housing (3) to prevent rotation.
  • the separating planes (D-E) of the stator are shown with double the line width and also run in radial planes. They are connected to each other by the parting plane (F) that divides the stator blades in their length.
  • FIG. 2 corresponds to a section along line II-II from FIG. 1.
  • the vane parts (8) formed in one piece with the intermediate wall (6) have the vane starts (12) of the actual stator blades.
  • the one with the bucket ends (13) provided blade parts (11) are part of the stage housing (1), not shown here.
  • the dividing plane (F) between the stator blade parts (8, 11) is shown with a double line width. In this exemplary embodiment, it has an S-shaped course which both centers the parts to be joined together and at the same time secures them against rotation. This form-fitting connection can also have any other suitable course which ensures the same function.
  • the vane channels (14) of the stator are formed between the vane parts (8, 11), which are arranged next to one another over the circumference.
  • the blade parts (9) are an integral part of the intermediate wall (5) and form the parts of the return blades provided with blade ends (15).
  • the blade parts (4) shown here, which have blade starts (16), are an integral part of the step housing (1) and are mounted inside the same and in the base part (2).
  • the dividing plane (C), which runs in the axial direction and has an S-shaped course, is again shown with double line width.
  • the parts to be joined are centered and secured against rotation within the parting plane (C).
  • the arrangement of the blade parts on the guide device parts shown in the figures is not mandatory. Any other arrangement of the blade parts is also possible, which can be put together to form a uniform whole. Even in the case of a guide device designed for axial flow, the blades can be divided in the manner according to the invention.
  • the vane parts on the guide device part carrying them, after which a vane part with a vane end alternately follows a vane part with a vane end. This depends on the individual case and the shape of the blade channels. If an assignment of the to each other joining parts in a certain position is required, this can be brought about by a different design of one of the parting planes (C) or (F) or a special arrangement of blade parts.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Road Signs Or Road Markings (AREA)
  • Control Of Vending Devices And Auxiliary Devices For Vending Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a guiding device of split construction for turbomachines. Flow-controlling blades located inside the guiding device are each formed in two parts. One part of the guiding device has a group of blade parts (8) and the other part of the guiding device is provided with the remaining blade parts (11). The blade parts are spliced together to form a uniform whole. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Leitvorrichtung gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Hauptanspruches.The invention relates to a guide device according to the preamble of the main claim.

Aus der DE-PS 260 166 ist ein Leitrad für Kreiselpumpen bekannt, welches aus zwei symmetrisch ausgebildeten aber entgegengesetzt gerichteten Leitradhälften besteht. Jede Leitradhälfte ist mit einer kompletten, einen Schaufelanfang und ein Schaufelende aufweisenden Leitradschaufel versehen. Innerhalb eines Pumpengehäuses sind die Leitradhälften so angeordnet, daß die Schaufeln der einen Leitradhälfte den Kanälen der anderen Leitradhälfte gegenüberstehen. Somit werden keine geschlossenen Leitradkanäle gebildet, sondern es entsteht ein in der Abwicklung mäanderförmig verlaufender Leitschaufelkanal. Diese Lösung bietet den Vorteil, durch Unterlegscheiben die Breite des Leitrades an die jeweilige Laufradbreite anzupassen, indem die einzelnen Schaufeln mehr oder weniger tief in den Leitradkanal hineinragen. Diese Leitradform ließe sich zwar in einfacher Weise und spanabhebend herstellen, sie hat jedoch den Nachteil, daß dadurch innerhalb einer Pumpe Geräusche, Schwingungen und auch - bezogen auf die heutigen Leistungsverhältnisse - ungünstige Wirkungsgrade entstehen. Aus diesem Grunde wurden Leitvorrichtungen entwickelt, bei denen der eine Teil des Leitrades mit freistehenden Schaufeln versehen ist, und ein gegen die befestigbarer Leitraddeckel das Leitrad verschließt und geschlossene Leitkanäle bildet. Diese Lösung weist jedoch den Nachteil auf, daß sie nur bei großen Schluckweiten in spanabhebender oder gießtechnischer Weise herstellbar ist, da andernfalls der Herstellungsaufwand unwirtschaftlich wird. Des weiteren ist ihnen der Nachteil zu eigen, daß ein erheblicher Aufwand für die Anbringung des Leitraddeckels an die freistehenden Schaufelenden erforderlich ist, um aufgrund der innerhalb des Leitrades herrschenden Druckverhältnisse eine dichte Verbindung zu erhalten.From DE-PS 260 166 a stator for centrifugal pumps is known, which consists of two symmetrically designed but oppositely directed stator halves. Each stator wheel half is provided with a complete stator wheel having a blade start and a blade end. The stator halves are arranged within a pump housing so that the blades of one stator half face the channels of the other stator half. Thus, no closed stator channels are formed, but a guide vane channel is formed in the development in a meandering manner. This solution offers the advantage of using washers to adapt the width of the stator to the respective impeller width, in that the individual blades protrude more or less deeply into the stator channel. This stator shape could be produced in a simple manner and by machining, but it has the disadvantage that it creates noise, vibrations and - in relation to today's performance conditions - unfavorable efficiency levels. For this reason, guide devices have been developed in which one part of the guide wheel is provided with free-standing blades, and one against the attachable stator cover closes the stator and forms closed guide channels. However, this solution has the disadvantage that it can only be produced by machining or casting technology in the case of large swallowing widths, since otherwise the production effort becomes uneconomical. Furthermore, they have the disadvantage that a considerable effort is required for attaching the stator cover to the free-standing blade ends in order to obtain a tight connection due to the pressure conditions prevailing within the stator.

Durch die FR-A- 2 185 222 ist eine Leitvorrichtung bekannt, deren Leitschaufeln unter Bildung einer Öffnung zweiteilig ausgebildet sind. Mit Hilfe der Öffnungen soll ein Mediumaustausch zwischen den einzelnen Leitradkanälen bewirkt werden. Die Leitschaufelteile sind mit der Leitvorrichtung einteilig ausgebildet oder Bestandteil einer zweiteiligen Wandfläche, um unter Bildung eines durchströmbaren Spaltes eine Einstellbarkeit der Leitschaufelteile zu ermöglichen.A guide device is known from FR-A-2 185 222, the guide vanes of which are formed in two parts to form an opening. With the help of the openings, the medium should be exchanged between the individual stator channels. The guide vane parts are formed in one piece with the guide device or are part of a two-part wall surface in order to enable the guide vane parts to be adjustable while forming a flow-through gap.

Die CH-A- 221 387 zeigt eine mehrteilige Leitvorrichtung, in deren zweiteiliges Außengehäuse ein beschaufelter Einsatz einklemmbar gehalten ist. Und durch die GB-A- 537 727 ist ein Kreiselpumpenlaufrad bekannt, daß zwecks Herstellung sehr schmaler Laufradkanäle zweiteilig ausgebildet ist. Die einzelnen Laufradteile werden durch Nieten, Schrauben oder Lötverbindungen zueinander positioniert.CH-A-221 387 shows a multi-part guide device, in the two-part outer housing of which a bladed insert is held in a clampable manner. And from GB-A-537 727 a centrifugal pump impeller is known that is made in two parts for the production of very narrow impeller channels. The individual impeller parts are positioned to each other by rivets, screws or solder connections.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine in einfachster Weise spanabhebend oder gußtechnisch herstellbare Leitvorrichtung zu entwickeln, welche mit einem Minimum an Zentrier- und Paßflächen versehen ist. Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe erfolgt gemäß dem kennzeichnenden Teil des Hauptanspruches. Nach dieser Lösung sind mindestens zwei Schaufeln in ihrer Länge geteilt ausgebildet und durch eine formschlüssige Steckverbindung miteinander verbunden. Im Bereich ihrer Teilung erfolgt die Passung der miteinander zu verbindenden Leitvorrichtungsteile. Die restlichen Schaufeln können hierbei wechselweise Bestandteil der Leitvorrichtungsteile sein und dichtend an diesen anliegen.The object of the invention is to develop a guiding device which can be machined or cast in a very simple manner and which is provided with a minimum of centering and fitting surfaces. This object is achieved in accordance with the characterizing part of the main claim. According to this solution, at least two blades are divided in length and divided by one positive plug connection connected to each other. In the area of their division, the parts of the guide device to be connected are fitted. The remaining blades can alternately be part of the guide device parts and rest sealingly against them.

Die Ausgestaltungen der Ansprüche 2 und 3 beschreiben weitere vorteilhafte Ausbildungen. Danach sind die einen Schaufelanfang aufweisenden Schaufelteile Bestandteil des einen Leitvorrichtungsteiles, und die die entsprechenden Schaufelenden aufweisenden ergänzenden Schaufelteile sind Bestandteil des anderen Leitvorrichtungsteiles. Gewissermaßen weist jedes Leitvorrichtungsteil vom Leitkanal zwei Wandflächen auf, die aufeinanderstehen und zwischen sich einen Winkel einschließen. Durch ein Zusammenstecken der Leitvorrichtungsteile werden die von Schaufeln begrenzten Leitkanäle für ein Fördermedium gebildet. Die Schaufeln sind gewissermaßen in ihrer Schaufellänge geteilt ausgebildet, wobei die Trennstelle quer zur Schaufellänge verläuft. Das Anbringen der den Schaufelanfang bildenden Schaufelteile an dem einen Leitvorrichtungsteil und das Anbringen der das Schaufelende bildenden ergänzenden Schaufelteile an dem anderen Leitvorrichtungsteil ermöglicht ein problemloses Zusammenstecken sowie einfachstes Zentrieren der Leitvorrichtungsteile. Es ist auch möglich, in denjenigen Fällen, bei denen sehr enge Schaufelabstände und damit kleinste Schaufelkanalquerschnitte verwirklicht werden müssen, auf den Leitvorrichtungsteilen wechselweise mit Schaufelenden und Schaufelanfängen versehene, sich zu einem einheitlichen Ganzen zusammenfügende Schaufelteile vorzusehen. Somit verbleibt auf jedem Leitvorrichtungsteil ein größerer Zwischenraum, welcher eine leichtere spanabhebende Bearbeitung mit im Durchmesser größeren Werkzeugen ermöglicht. Diesen Vorteil bietet die Erfindung durch die Schaufelteilung generell.The configurations of claims 2 and 3 describe further advantageous developments. Thereafter, the blade parts having a blade start are part of the one guide device part, and the additional blade parts having the corresponding blade ends are part of the other guide device part. To a certain extent, each guide device part of the guide channel has two wall surfaces which stand on one another and enclose an angle between them. By plugging the guide device parts together, the guide channels delimited by blades are formed for a conveying medium. The blades are, as it were, divided in their blade length, the separation point running transversely to the blade length. Attaching the blade parts forming the beginning of the blade to the one guide device part and attaching the additional blade parts forming the blade end to the other guide device part enables problem-free assembly and simple centering of the guide device parts. It is also possible, in those cases in which very narrow blade spacings and thus the smallest blade channel cross sections have to be realized, to provide blade parts alternately with blade ends and blade beginnings on the guide device parts, which join together to form a uniform whole. Thus, a larger space remains on each guide device part, which enables easier machining with larger diameter tools. The invention generally offers this advantage through the blade division.

Eine Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht vor, daß zwischen den miteinander zu verbindenden Leitvorrichtungsteilen mindestens drei Teilebenen vorgesehen sind, wobei zwei Teilebenen die Mittelachse der Leitvorrichtung schneiden und einen axialen Abstand zueinander aufweisen und die durch die in Richtung der Mittelachse verlaufende, die Schaufeln teilende dritte Teilebene miteinander verbunden sind. Die jeweils freistehenden Längsseiten der Schaufelteile liegen somit dichtend an dem den Schaufelkanal begrenzenden gegenüberliegenden Leitvorrichtungsteil an.An embodiment of the invention provides that at least three partial planes are provided between the guide device parts to be connected to one another, two partial planes intersecting the central axis of the guide device and being axially spaced from one another and by the third partial plane running in the direction of the central axis and dividing the blades are connected. The respective free-standing long sides of the blade parts thus lie sealingly on the opposite guide device part delimiting the blade channel.

Eine weitere Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht vor, daß die Leitvorrichtungsteile durch eine im Bereich der Schaufelteilung angebrachte formschlüssige Steckverbindung miteinander verbunden sind. Eine Zentrierung der miteinander zu verbindenden Leitvorrichtungsteile kann durch entsprechende Überlappungen im Bereich der zu verbindenden Schaufelteile erfolgen.A further embodiment of the invention provides that the guide device parts are connected to one another by means of a form-fitting plug connection in the area of the blade division. The guide device parts to be connected can be centered by corresponding overlaps in the area of the blade parts to be connected.

Eine weitere Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht hierzu vor, daß die die Schaufeln teilende Teilebene keinen geradlinigen Verlauf aufweist. Vorteilhaft ist ein bogenförmiger, S-förmiger, Z-förmiger, mäanderförmiger oder ähnlich gestalteter Verlauf der Teilebene der Schaufeln. Dies hat den Vorteil, daß nicht nur eine Zentrierung der beiden Teile zueinander erfolgt, sondern daß infolge des Teilebenenverlaufs auch eine Verdrehsicherung erzeugt wird. Für die Montage genügt es, die Teile einfach ineinanderzustecken. Aufwendige Zentrierungen, Paßstifte und Verbindungselemente, wie sie bisher bei mehrstufigen Strömungsmaschinen erforderlich waren, entfallen vollständig. Bei einem Zusammenbau einer derartigen Strömungsmaschine kann die Zentrierung und Positionierung der einzelnen Leitvorrichtungsteile ausschließlich in den Verbindungsbereich der geteilten Schaufeln gelegt werden. Bei einer ganz oder teilweisen spanabhebenden Fertigung, beispielsweise durch Fräsen von geschmiedeten, gepreßten oder gegossenen Rohteilen, ist somit eine äußerst kostengünstige Herstellung und Montage möglich.A further embodiment of the invention provides for this that the part plane dividing the blades has no straight line. An arcuate, S-shaped, Z-shaped, meandering or similarly shaped course of the partial plane of the blades is advantageous. This has the advantage that not only is the two parts centered with respect to one another, but that, due to the part plane profile, an anti-rotation device is also generated. For assembly, it is sufficient to simply plug the parts into one another. Elaborate centering, dowel pins and connecting elements, as were previously required in multi-stage turbomachines, are completely eliminated. When assembling such a turbomachine, the centering and positioning of the individual guide device parts can only be placed in the connection area of the divided blades. In the case of wholly or partial machining, For example, by milling forged, pressed or cast raw parts, extremely cost-effective production and assembly is possible.

Wiederum eine andere Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht vor, daß die in Achsrichtung verlaufende, die Schaufeln durchtrennende dritte Teilebene jeder Schaufel vor den Schaufelanfängen jeder nachgeordneten Schaufel angeordnet ist. Damit besteht die Möglichkeit, jedes Leitvorrichtungsteil beispielsweise in einer Aufspannung und mit nur einem Fräswerkzeug spanabhebend herzustellen bzw. nachzuarbeiten.Yet another embodiment of the invention provides that the third partial plane of each blade, which runs in the axial direction and separates the blades, is arranged in front of the blade tips of each downstream blade. This makes it possible to machine or rework each guide device part, for example, in one clamping and with only one milling tool.

Bisher stellte sich das Problem bei einer spanabhebenden Herstellung einer Leitvorrichtung im Bereich von zwei sich überschneidenden Schaufeln, dieser Bereich ist auch als Leitradeintritt oder Schluckweite bekannt. Ist der Abstand zwischen den Schaufeln sehr klein, so ist dieser Kanalteil nur mit schmalen dünnen Fingerfräsern und damit nur zeitaufwendig und risikoreich herstellbar gewesen. Indem nun in erfindungsgemäßer Weise die Schaufeln selbst geteilt werden, kann bei geringen Kanalquerschnitten die Teilebene vor den Beginn bzw. das Ende einer Schaufel gelegt werden. Der Abstand zwischen Schaufelanfang bzw. -ende und der Teilebene der Schaufel wird dabei so groß gewählt, daß für eine günstige Herstellung ein einen großen Durchmesser aufweisender Fräser in einfachster Weise zwischen den Schaufelteilen hindurchgefahren und so die Schaufelkontur herausgearbeitet werden kann.So far, the problem has arisen with the machining of a guide device in the area of two overlapping blades, this area is also known as the stator inlet or swallowing distance. If the distance between the blades is very small, this channel part could only be produced with narrow, thin end mills and was therefore time-consuming and risky. By dividing the blades themselves in the manner according to the invention, the partial plane can be placed in front of the beginning or the end of a blade with small channel cross sections. The distance between the beginning or end of the blade and the part plane of the blade is chosen so large that a milling cutter with a large diameter can be passed between the blade parts in the simplest way for an inexpensive production and the blade contour can thus be worked out.

In den Unteransprüchen 8 bis 12 wird beschrieben, welche Schaufeln jeweils teilbar ausbildbar sind. So kann bei einer Leitvorrichtung, die beispielsweise bei mehrstufigen Pumpen Verwendung findet, das gesamte Leitrad- oder Stufengehäusepaket ineinandergesteckt werden. Handelt es sich hierbei um Leitvorrichtungen mit nachgeordneten Rückführpartien und dazwischen angeordneten Deckelteilen bzw. Trennwänden, so können die Rückführschaufeln teilweise Bestandteil des eigentlichen Leitrades und teilweise Bestandteil eines nachgeordneten oder vorangestellten Deckelteiles oder einer Zwischenwand sein. In entsprechender Weise ist dies auch bei einem ein Leitrad aufnehmenden und mit Rückführschaufeln versehenen Stufengehäuse möglich. Aufwendige Paßflächen und Absätze, welche der Zentrierung dienen, können vollständig entfallen. Die gesamte Zentrierung der miteinander zu verbindenden Teile der Leitvorrichtung erfolgt über die Trennebene im Bereich der aus Teilen zusammengesetzten Schaufeln. Diese bewirkt darüber hinaus auch die Verdrehsicherung der Bauteile untereinander. Für die Montage einer derartigen Strömungsmaschine bedeutet dies eine gravierende Vereinfachung, da somit in einfachster Weise nur noch ein Ineinanderstecken der einzelnen Bauteile erforderlich ist. Überdies kann somit in nicht mehr zu überbietender Einfachheit eine Anpassung an unterschiedliche Laufradbreiten erfolgen. Da nur eine Änderung der Schaufelbreite erforderlich ist, kann die Leitvorrichtung bei der Herstellung an die jeweils gewünschte Laufradbreite angepaßt werden. Dies ist bei der spanabhebenden Herstellung durch einfache Programmänderungen möglich.Subclaims 8 to 12 describe which blades can each be designed to be divisible. For example, in the case of a guide device which is used, for example, in multi-stage pumps, the entire stator or stage housing package can be plugged into one another. If these are guide devices with downstream return sections and cover parts or partitions arranged between them, then The return blades can be part of the actual stator and part of a subordinate or preceding cover part or an intermediate wall. In a corresponding manner, this is also possible in the case of a stage housing which receives a stator and is provided with return blades. Elaborate fitting surfaces and shoulders, which serve for centering, can be completely eliminated. The entire centering of the parts of the guide device to be connected takes place via the parting plane in the area of the blades which are composed of parts. This also ensures that the components are prevented from rotating with one another. For the assembly of such a turbomachine, this means a serious simplification, since it is therefore only necessary to simply plug the individual components into one another. Furthermore, it can thus be adapted to different wheel widths in a simplicity that is no longer to be surpassed. Since only a change in the blade width is required, the guide device can be adapted to the desired impeller width during manufacture. This is possible in machining by simple program changes.

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in den Zeichnungen dargestellt und werden im folgenden näher beschrieben. Es zeigen am Beispiel eines Kreiselpumpen-Stufengehäuses die

Fig. 1
einen axialen Schnitt durch ein Stufengehäuse, die
Fig. 2
einen Querschnitt durch ein Leitrad gemäß Linie II-II aus Fig. 1 und die
Fig. 3
einen Querschnitt durch eine Rückführpartie gemäß Linie III-III aus Fig. 1.
Embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings and are described in more detail below. Using the example of a centrifugal pump stage housing, they show the
Fig. 1
an axial section through a stage housing, the
Fig. 2
a cross section through a stator according to line II-II of FIG. 1 and
Fig. 3
2 shows a cross section through a return section according to line III-III from FIG. 1.

Das in der Fig. 1 gezeigte Beispiel einer Leitvorrichtung einer Strömungsmaschine zeigt ein Stufengehäuse einer mehrstufigen Kreiselpumpe. Das Stufengehäuse (1) ist gewissermaßen topfförmig ausgebildet und weist in seinem nach innen weisenden Bodenteil, der funktional ein Deckelteil (2) für ein nachgeordnetes Stufengehäuse (3) bildet, mit Schaufelanfängen versehene Schaufelteile (4) von Rückführschaufeln auf. In diesen Stufengehäusen (1, 3) sind Zwischenwände (5, 6) angeordnet. Diese weisen auf der einen Seite mit Schaufelanfängen versehene Schaufelteile (7, 8) der Leitradschaufeln auf. Auf der anderen Seite der Zwischenwände (5, 6) sind mit Schaufelenden versehene Schaufelteile (9, 10) der Rückführschaufeln angebracht. Die Trennebenen zwischen diesen Teilen sind mit doppelter Strichstärke dargestellt. Die Trennebenen (A, B) der Rückführpartie sind hier mit Abstand zueinander in radialen Ebenen angeordnet. Die Trennebene (C) teilt die Rückführschaufeln in zwei Teile und verläuft in axialer Richtung. Bei entsprechendem Bedarf ist auch jeder andere Verlauf der Trennebene (C) möglich.The example of a guiding device of a turbomachine shown in FIG. 1 shows a stage housing of a multi-stage centrifugal pump. The stage housing (1) is of a pot-shaped design and has in its inward-pointing bottom part, which functionally forms a cover part (2) for a downstream stage housing (3), with blade parts (4) of return blades provided with blade starts. Partitions (5, 6) are arranged in these step housings (1, 3). These have vane parts (7, 8) of the stator blades, which are provided with blade starts on one side. On the other side of the partition walls (5, 6), blade parts (9, 10) of the return blades are provided with blade ends. The parting lines between these parts are shown with double line width. The parting planes (A, B) of the return section are here spaced apart in radial planes. The parting plane (C) divides the return blades into two parts and runs in the axial direction. If necessary, any other course of the parting plane (C) is also possible.

Die Stufengehäuse (1, 3) sind wiederum an den Leitradschaufelteilen zentriert. An der Außenseite des Deckelteiles (2) des Stufengehäuses (1) sind Schaufelenden aufweisende Schaufelteile (11) der Leitradschaufeln angebracht. Damit wird das Stufengehäuse (1) an der Zwischenwand (6) des nachfolgenden Stufengehäuses (3) verdrehsichernd zentriert. Die Trennebenen (D-E) des Leitrades sind mit doppelter Strichstärke dargestellt und verlaufen ebenfalls in radialen Ebenen. Untereinander stehen sie durch die die Leitradschaufeln in ihrer Länge teilende Trennebene (F) in Verbindung.The stage housing (1, 3) are in turn centered on the stator blade parts. On the outside of the cover part (2) of the stage housing (1), blade parts (11) of the stator blades are provided with blade ends. The stage housing (1) is thus centered on the intermediate wall (6) of the subsequent stage housing (3) to prevent rotation. The separating planes (D-E) of the stator are shown with double the line width and also run in radial planes. They are connected to each other by the parting plane (F) that divides the stator blades in their length.

Die Fig. 2 entspricht einem Schnitt gemäß Linie II-II aus Fig. 1. Die mit der Zwischenwand (6) einteilig ausgebildeten Schaufelteile (8) besitzen die Schaufelanfänge (12) der eigentlichen Leitradschaufeln. Die mit den Schaufelenden (13) versehenen Schaufelteile (11) sind Bestandteil des hier nicht dargestellten Stufengehäuses (1). Mit doppelter Strichstärke ist die Trennebene (F) zwischen den Leitradschaufelteilen (8, 11) dargestellt. Sie weist in diesem Ausführungsbeispiel einen S-förmigen Verlauf auf, welcher die miteinander zu fügenden Teile sowohl zentriert als auch gleichzeitig gegen Verdrehung sichert. Diese formschlüssige Verbindung kann auch jeden anderen geeigneten, die gleiche Funktion gewährleistenden Verlauf aufweisen. Zwischen den über den Umfang nebeneinander verteilt angeordneten Schaufelteilen (8, 11) sind die Schaufelkanäle (14) des Leitrades ausgebildet.FIG. 2 corresponds to a section along line II-II from FIG. 1. The vane parts (8) formed in one piece with the intermediate wall (6) have the vane starts (12) of the actual stator blades. The one with the bucket ends (13) provided blade parts (11) are part of the stage housing (1), not shown here. The dividing plane (F) between the stator blade parts (8, 11) is shown with a double line width. In this exemplary embodiment, it has an S-shaped course which both centers the parts to be joined together and at the same time secures them against rotation. This form-fitting connection can also have any other suitable course which ensures the same function. The vane channels (14) of the stator are formed between the vane parts (8, 11), which are arranged next to one another over the circumference.

In der Fig. 3 sind die Schaufelteile (9) fester Bestandteil der Zwischenwand (5) und bilden die mit Schaufelenden (15) versehenen Teile der Rückführschaufeln. Die hier dargestellten, mit Schaufelanfängen (16) versehenen Schaufelteile (4) sind fester Bestandteil des Stufengehäuses (1) und innerhalb desselben und im Bodenteil (2) angebracht. Mit doppelter Strichstärke ist wiederum die in axialer Richtung verlaufende Trennebene (C) mit S-förmigem Verlauf gezeigt. Auch hier erfolgt Zentrierung und Verdrehsicherung der miteinander zu fügenden Teile innerhalb der Trennebene (C).In Fig. 3 the blade parts (9) are an integral part of the intermediate wall (5) and form the parts of the return blades provided with blade ends (15). The blade parts (4) shown here, which have blade starts (16), are an integral part of the step housing (1) and are mounted inside the same and in the base part (2). The dividing plane (C), which runs in the axial direction and has an S-shaped course, is again shown with double line width. Here too, the parts to be joined are centered and secured against rotation within the parting plane (C).

Die in den Figuren dargestellte Anordnung der Schaufelteile auf den Leitvorrichtungsteilen ist nicht zwingend. Es ist auch jede andere Anordnung der Schaufelteile möglich, die zu einem einheitlichen Ganzen zusammengefügt werden kann. Auch bei einer für eine axiale Durchströmung ausgebildeten Leitvorrichtung können die Schaufeln in erfindungsgemäßer Weise geteilt werden.The arrangement of the blade parts on the guide device parts shown in the figures is not mandatory. Any other arrangement of the blade parts is also possible, which can be put together to form a uniform whole. Even in the case of a guide device designed for axial flow, the blades can be divided in the manner according to the invention.

Es ist auch eine Anordnung der Schaufelteile auf den sie tragenden Leitvorrichtungsteil möglich, nach der wechselweise einem Schaufelteil mit Schaufelanfang ein Schaufelteil mit Schaufelende folgt. Dies hängt vom Einzelfall und der Form der Schaufelkanäle ab. Falls eine Zuordnung der miteinander zu fügenden Teile in einer bestimmten Position verlangt wird, so kann dies durch eine abweichende Gestaltung einer der Trennebenen (C) oder (F) oder eine besondere Anordnung von Schaufelteilen bewirkt werden.It is also possible to arrange the vane parts on the guide device part carrying them, after which a vane part with a vane end alternately follows a vane part with a vane end. This depends on the individual case and the shape of the blade channels. If an assignment of the to each other joining parts in a certain position is required, this can be brought about by a different design of one of the parting planes (C) or (F) or a special arrangement of blade parts.

Claims (12)

  1. A diffuser device (1 and 3) in a divided form for single- or multi-stage fluid flow machines, the parts of the diffuser device being provided with vanes (8, 11; 4 and 9) serving for guiding the flow and the vanes are designed with a longitudinal division, characterized in that a part of the diffuser device (1) is provided with a wall surface delimiting the vane channels and with vanes and/or vane parts (4 and 11), in that the adjoining diffuser device part is provided with an opposite wall surface delimiting the vane channels and vanes and/or supplementary vane parts (8 and 9) and in that the diffuser device parts are connected together by an interlocking connection (C and F).
  2. The diffuser device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that one diffuser device part is provided with vane parts (8 and 4) possessing vane starts (12 and 16) and the other diffuser device part cooperating therewith is provided with supplementary vane parts (11 and 9) having vane ends (13 and 15).
  3. The diffuser device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that one diffuser device part is provided with vane parts (8 and 4) having alternatingly arranged vane starts (12 and 16) and vane ends (13 and 15) and the other diffuser device part, cooperating with it, is provided with supplementary and alternatingly arranged vane ends (13 and 15) and with vane parts (8 and 4) having vane starts (12 and 16).
  4. The diffuser device as claimed in any one of the claims 1 through 3, characterized in that between the diffuser device parts to be connected with one another at least three dividing planes (A, B, C; D, E and F) are provided, two dividing planes (A, B; D and E) intersecting the center axis of the diffuser device, possessing an axial distance apart and being linked together by the third dividing plane (C; F) extending in the direction of the center axis and dividing the vanes.
  5. The diffuser device as claimed in any one of the claims 1 through 4, characterized in that the diffuser device parts are connected with one another by a plug, having a positive locking effect, arranged adjacent to vane division.
  6. The diffuser device as claimed in any one of the claims 1 through 5, characterized in that the dividing plane (C and F) dividing the vanes does not have a straight form.
  7. The diffuser device as claimed in any one of the claims 1 through 6, characterized in that the division of each vane is arranged in front of the vane starts (12 and 16) of each adjacent vane.
  8. The diffuser device as claimed in any one of the claims 1 through 7, characterized in that the diffuser vanes are divided in design.
  9. The diffuser device as claimed in any one of the claims 1 through 7, characterized in that the return vanes are divided in design.
  10. The diffuser device as claimed in any one of the claims 1 through 7, characterized in that stage housings (1 and 3) are provided with parts of return vanes (4 and 9) and/or diffuser vanes (8 and 11).
  11. The diffuser device as claimed in any one of the claims 1 through 7, characterized in that covers are provided with parts of impeller vanes (8 and 11) and/or return vanes (4 and 9).
  12. The diffuser device as claimed in any one of the claims 1 through 7, characterized in that partitions (5 and 6) are provided with parts of diffuser vanes (8 and 11) and/or return vanes (4 and 9).
EP92105850A 1991-04-27 1992-04-04 Split guiding device Expired - Lifetime EP0511517B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4113830 1991-04-27
DE4113830A DE4113830A1 (en) 1991-04-27 1991-04-27 SHARED GUIDE

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0511517A1 EP0511517A1 (en) 1992-11-04
EP0511517B1 true EP0511517B1 (en) 1995-09-06

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ID=6430507

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92105850A Expired - Lifetime EP0511517B1 (en) 1991-04-27 1992-04-04 Split guiding device

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EP (1) EP0511517B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE127573T1 (en)
DE (2) DE4113830A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5443362A (en) * 1994-03-16 1995-08-22 The Hoover Company Air turbine
JP2016223428A (en) * 2015-05-29 2016-12-28 日本電産株式会社 Air blower and cleaner

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE260166C (en) *
FR661079A (en) * 1928-09-26 1929-07-20 Helical-shaped guide vane for centrifugal pumps and condensers
CH221387A (en) * 1940-12-30 1942-05-31 Diebold Geb Multi-stage centrifugal pump.
DE858284C (en) * 1943-02-27 1952-12-04 Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag Covered impeller for centrifugal machines
US3737247A (en) * 1971-04-12 1973-06-05 Garrett Corp Composite nozzle
DD95761A1 (en) * 1972-03-16 1973-02-12
FR2185222A5 (en) * 1972-05-19 1973-12-28 Neyrpic Creusot Loire

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DE4113830A1 (en) 1992-10-29
ATE127573T1 (en) 1995-09-15
DE59203519D1 (en) 1995-10-12
EP0511517A1 (en) 1992-11-04

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