DE102008035427A1 - Turbomachine, method and modular system for producing such a turbomachine - Google Patents

Abstract

A turbomachine (1) having a multi-part housing (2) and a rotor accommodated therein, wherein the housing is divided in a first plane (H) parallel to the rotor axis and in a second plane (V1, V2) perpendicular to the rotor axis, becomes one Modular system manufactured by housing parts are selected from a plurality of different, prefabricated housing parts, selected housing parts in a (V1, V2) of the first and the second level are connected and then in one of the first and the second level interconnected housing parts with a another selected housing part in the other (H) of the first and the second level are connected.

Description

The Invention relates to a turbomachine, in particular an axial expander, with a multi-part housing and a rotor housed therein, and a method and module system for producing such a turbomachine.

The casing of turbomachinery are divided to install the rotors. Axialexpandergehäuse are for example, usually split horizontally so that the rotor is inserted into a lower housing part can be, which subsequently with an upper housing part is screwed.

Upper and lower housing parts are usually cast, which means in terms of strength and Production costs low is. Disadvantageous must depending on the axial length the turbomachine for different Sizes, however each case different housing halves are poured. The increasing diversification of turbomachines, the possible optimal for therefore be designed for the respective field of application Prefabrication and storage of the housing and thus a rapid and economic production.

The The present invention therefore has as its object the preparation a turbomachine to improve.

These Task is by a turbomachine with the features of claim 1, a method and a modular system for producing such a turbomachine according to claim 9 or 12 solved.

The flow machine In particular, an axial expander, but also any other axial, flowed through radially or diagonally Power or work machine that is a rotor for conversion of mechanical drive power and energy of the fluid flowing through the machine has, which is accommodated in a multi-part housing, the Rotor and the working fluid pressure-tight encloses.

This is according to the invention casing in at least a first plane parallel to the rotor axis and in divided at least a second plane perpendicular to the rotor axis.

The Division parallel to the rotor axis allows in known per se Way the insertion of the rotor and advantageously the installation of vanes, gaskets, bearings or the like. In many applications the first level is a horizontal plane, so below for the sake of simplicity, but without limiting the generality of spoken upper and lower case halves which are connected in the first level. Especially to accommodate additional rotors or to provide maintenance access, can also be an inventive housing be divided in several planes parallel to the rotor axis.

The additional according to the invention Division perpendicular to the rotor axis now allows different front and rear housing parts, preferably with optional interposition of further, different long spacers, to assemble to the aforementioned upper or lower housing halves. hereby can in a simple, economical manner, the housing of the turbomachine modular assembled and different sizes with a small number of to stocking housing modules will be realized.

Become for one short axial length short front and rear body parts connected directly to correspondingly short upper or lower housing halves, shows the case only one parting plane perpendicular to the rotor axis. Become the Presentation longer Turbomachines or more spacers arranged between a front and rear housing part, that is casing divided accordingly in several planes perpendicular to the rotor axis.

Upper and lower half of the housing do not have to divided in the same or the same planes perpendicular to the rotor axis be. For example, a longer front and a shorter rear housing part assembled to an upper (lower) housing half and with a lower (upper) housing half connected be which from a shorter front and a longer one rear housing part is assembled so that the lower (upper) housing half in a front and the upper (lower) housing half in a contrast axially rear Plane is divided perpendicular to the rotor axis. Equally is it is possible different in the upper and lower half of the housing long spacers and / or to provide a different number of intermediate pieces.

Especially Preferably, parts of the multi-part housing are in one of the first and the second level solvable and parts of the multi-part housing in the other of the first and the second level indissoluble with each other connected. That way you can the specific advantages of both types of connection, in particular the higher one Strength and tightness insoluble Compounds and the reversibility of soluble compounds, respectively be used optimally.

For example Is it possible, first the upper and the lower half of the housing respectively modular from a front and a rear housing part, depending on the desired overall length optionally with the interposition of one or more intermediate pieces, by casting these modules, which are preferably urformed, for example could be, welded together to the upper and lower half of the housing, soldered, glued and / or riveted or otherwise inseparably connected. advantageously, can so upper or lower housing halves with cheaper Tightness and strength values are realized than this with detachable Connections is the case. Subsequently, these are inseparably connected bolted upper and lower housing half, jammed, by tongue and groove joints or otherwise releasable together connected. Advantageously, can the solvable interconnected upper and lower housing half for maintenance or the like in the first level (s) are separated from each other Grant access to rotor, vanes, bearings or the like. At this Again, it should be noted that the terminology "upper" and "lower" case half no restriction on horizontally upper or lower housing parts means.

As stated above, Some or all parts or modules of the multi-part housing are preferably Urgeformt, in particular cast. In this way can be cost-effective elements be used with high strength. The execution guaranteed in cast steel while advantageous a good weldability.

In a preferred embodiment are one or more bearings of the rotor, for example as a bearing block, separated formed and flanged from the outside to the housing, for example screwed or welded. This increases the variety of variants, because the same housing part be equipped with different bearings depending on the application can. However, it is also possible at least one bearing integral with a housing part, which is a particularly space-saving and low-vibration storage allows.

to Production of a turbomachine The present invention will initially housing parts, in particular from Cast steel, prefabricated, being used for at least one of a front upper, front lower, rear upper, rear lower housing part and an intermediate piece at least designed and preferred two different types getting produced.

Out the resulting plurality of different housing parts will then be for the upper housing half, in particular a front and / or rear upper housing part, and / or for the lower housing half, in particular a front and / or rear lower housing part, a suitable housing part selected. For example, if a very short-term turbomachine to be produced, is a short front and rear upper housing part and / or a short selected front and rear lower housing part. Should whereas a very long-lasting turbomachine is produced, is a long front and rear upper case and / or a long selected front and rear lower housing part and between the front and rear housing part, preferably also longer inserted from a plurality of intermediate pieces.

Then be the selected ones housing parts connected in one of the first and second levels, welded, for example, to an upper or lower housing half. Now be the upper and lower half of the housing in the others connected by the first and second levels, bolted for example in a horizontal parting line.

Consequently a module system for producing a turbomachine is provided, which at least one front lower housing part, a front upper one housing part for connection with the front lower housing part, a rear lower one housing part and a rear upper housing part for connection to the rear lower housing part and preferably one or several different upper spacers for connection to the front and / or rear upper housing part and / or one or more different lower spacers for connection to the having front and / or rear lower housing part. By omission or installation of the intermediate pieces as well the use of front and / or rear housing parts and / or intermediate pieces different length So in particular the length can be in the direction of the rotor axis, but also the diameter of the bearings, Inlet and outlet lines and the like of the turbomachine can be varied.

A turbomachine generally has at least one inlet and at least one outlet flange. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, at least one of the front housing parts on an inlet flange, preferably at least one other of the front housing parts not. Preferably, at least these two, more preferably all front housing parts with respect to their storage and mounting points and the like structurally the same or similar. This makes it possible to choose the front housing parts with the inlet flange as the front upper or front lower housing parts and with a front housing part with or without inlet flange as a front lower or upper housing part, so that an inlet flange of the turbomachine is optionally located above and / or below, based on the first plane. In this way, the number of variants represented by the modular system triples.

In Similarly, at least one of the rear housing parts have an outlet flange, while at least one other from the rear housing parts preferably has no outlet flange. At least are preferred these two, most preferably all the rear housing parts in terms of their storage and attachment points and the like in turn structurally the same or similar. This makes it possible the rear housing part with the outlet flange as the rear upper or lower housing parts to choose and with a rear housing part with or without outlet flange as rear lower or upper housing part to assemble, so that an outlet flange of the turbomachine optionally arranged at the top and / or bottom. Tripled in this way view the number of variants that can be displayed with the module system.

In an execution The present invention distinguishes front and rear Body parts, for example, due to the direction of flow increasing hydraulic diameter of the working space and the different design of inlet and outlet flange. In a other design are front and rear body parts but essentially structurally the same or similar, so that a housing part equally as a front or rear housing part, especially as a front upper and / or lower and as a rear Upper and / or lower housing part can be used. This reduces the number of different housing parts, to represent a certain number of variants of turbomachines is required, again. In this respect, an inventive modular system only at least one housing part with inlet and outlet flange, preferably a housing part without inlet or outlet flange, and either an intermediate piece or another housing part with or without inlet and outlet flange to different To be able to realize designs. In this respect, the same component as a front lower housing part, front upper housing part, rear lower housing part and / or rear upper housing part act.

Further Advantages and features emerge from the subclaims and the embodiments. The only one shows:

1 in a schematic side view of a turbomachine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

1 schematically shows an axial expander 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention with a six-part housing 2 ,

This includes an upper housing half 2.O1 - 2.O3 and a lower shell half 2.U1 - 2.U3 , which together form the six-part housing 2 form, in which a (not shown) rotor of the axial expander 1 is received pressure-tight and rotatably mounted.

The upper half of the housing is composed of three housing parts, each made of cast steel. This is an upper intermediate piece 2.O2 on one end (left in 1 ) with an upper front housing part 2.O1 , on the opposite end (right in 1 ) with an upper rear housing part 2.O3 welded. In a corresponding manner, the lower half of the housing is composed of three housing parts, which are also made of cast steel, with a lower intermediate piece 2.U2 on one end (left in 1 ) with a lower front housing part 2.U1 , on the opposite end (right in 1 ) with a lower rear housing part 2.U3 is welded. Upper and lower half of the housing 2.O1 - 2.O3 . 2.U1 - 2.U3 in turn are bolted together. In this way, a housing results 2 which is divided into a first horizontal plane H and two second vertical planes V1, V2.

The lower front housing part 2.U1 has an inlet flange 4 for supplying working fluid. In addition, a bearing block is on it 3 Flanged for storage of the rotor. The lower rear housing part 2.U3 has an outlet flange 5 for the removal of working fluid. At him and at the upper rear housing part 2.O3 is a bearing block 3 Flanged for storage of the rotor.

In In a first step, different front and rear housing parts, partly with, partly without inlet or outlet flange, as well spacers different axial lengths steel cast and stored as semi-finished products of a modular system or at least the appropriate molds kept ready and the housing parts quickly made if needed.

For the preparation of the illustrated axial expander 1 is now from the plurality of front housing parts one with an inlet flange as a front lower housing part 2.U1 , another without inlet flange as a front upper housing part 2.O1 selected. Likewise, one of the plurality of rear housing parts will become one with an exit flange as the rear lower housing part 2.U3 , another without outlet flange as rear upper housing part 2.O3 selected. In addition, one of the plurality of intermediate piece as an upper intermediate piece 2.O2 , other than lower intermediate piece 2.U2 selected.

As in 1 recognizable, front housing parts differ 2.O1 . 2.U1 and rear housing parts 2.O3 . 2.U3 from each other, so that in each case a plurality of front housing parts and a plurality of rear housing parts is produced. Upper and lower intermediate piece 2.O2 . 2.U2 However, they do not differ, so that from the plurality of different long, but otherwise structurally identical intermediate pieces two identical intermediate pieces as the upper and lower intermediate piece 2.O2 . 2.U2 to be selected. Provided that in a not shown modification of the embodiment also front housing parts 2.O1 . 2.U1 and rear housing parts 2.O3 . 2.U3 not different from each other, identical housing parts with inlet / outlet flange as the front lower housing part in the same way 2.U1 and as a rear lower housing part 2.U3 , identical housing parts without inlet / outlet flange as the front upper housing part 2.O1 and as a rear upper housing part 2.O3 to get voted.

In a next step, the upper front and rear housing part 2.O1 . 2.O3 with the upper intermediate piece 2.O2 welded, the lower front and rear housing part 2.U1 . 2.U3 with the lower intermediate piece 2.U2 , In addition, at the front lower, the rear lower and upper housing part 2.U1 . 2.U3 . 2.O3 the bearing blocks 3 welded or screwed.

Now the rotor is in the lower half of the housing 2.U1 - 2.U3 inserted, which has a high strength and tightness due to its welded-cast construction. Subsequently, the upper half of the housing 2.O1 - 2.O3 fitted and with the lower half of the housing 2.U1 - 2.U3 screwed, which allows the subsequent opening of the pressure chamber for maintenance purposes and the like.

How out 1 Well recognizable, by omitting the intermediate pieces 2.O2 . 2.U2 and / or the use of shorter front and / or rear housing parts are modularly a Axialexpander shorter length created by using more and / or longer spacers and / or the use of longer front and / or rear housing parts like an axial expander in the direction of his Rotor or machine axis builds longer. In this case, advantageously the same front and / or rear housing parts or intermediate pieces can be used for the realization of different axial expander. As in 1 indicated by a double arrow, the rear upper and lower housing part 2.O3 . 2.U3 reversed or the rear lower housing part 2.U3 be used twice to arrange the outlet flange on the opposite or both side (s), which - as well as the corresponding possibility in the front upper and lower housing part 2.O1 . 2.U1 - The number of variants increased again.

1

flow machine (Axialexpander)

2

casing

2.O1

front Upper housing part

2.O2

upper connecting piece

2.O3

rear Upper housing part

2.U1

front lower housing part

2.U2

lower connecting piece

2.U3

rear lower housing part

3

Bearing (bock)

4

inlet flange

5

outlet flange

Claims (18)

Turbomachine, in particular axial expander ( 1 ), with a multi-part housing ( 2 ) and a rotor accommodated therein, wherein the housing is divided in a first plane (H) parallel to the rotor axis and in a second plane (V1, V2) perpendicular to the rotor axis. flow machine according to claim 1, characterized in that parts of the multi-part housing in one (H) of the first and second levels releasably connected together are and parts of the multi-part housing in the other (V1, V2) of the first and the second level inseparably connected are. flow machine according to claim 2, characterized in that releasably interconnected Parts of the multi-part housing screwed together. flow machine according to one of the preceding claims 2 to 3, characterized that insoluble interconnected parts of the multi-part housing with each other are welded. flow machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that Parts of the multi-part housing urgeformt, in particular are poured. flow machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the multi-part housing divided several times in a first and / or second level (V1, V2) is. Turbomachine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a bearing ( 3 ) of the rotor is flanged to the housing or formed integrally therewith. flow machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first plane (H) a horizontal plane and the second plane (V1, V2) is a vertical plane. Method for producing a turbomachine according to one of the preceding claims, comprising the steps: b) Choose of housing parts from a plurality of different, prefabricated housing parts; c) Join selected ones housing parts in one (V1, V2) of the first and second levels; and subsequently d) Connecting in one of the first and second levels interconnected housing parts with another selected Housing part in the other (H) from the first and second levels. Method according to claim 9, characterized in that that in step c) housing parts, especially in the second level (V1, V2), inextricably linked, in particular welded become; and subsequently in Step d) housing parts, in particular in the first plane (H), releasably connected to one another, in particular screwed. Method according to one of the preceding claims 9 to 10, characterized in that the housing parts in a step a) be prefabricated from cast steel. Modular system for producing a turbomachine according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 8 according to a method according to one of the preceding claims 9 to 11, which at least one lower housing part ( 2.U1 . 2.U3 ) and an upper housing part ( 2.O1 . 2.O3 ) for connection to the lower housing part in the first plane (H). Modular system according to claim 12, characterized in that it comprises at least one front lower housing part ( 2.U1 ), a front upper housing part ( 2.O1 ) for connection to the front lower housing part ( 2.U1 ) in the first plane (H), a rear lower housing part ( 2.U3 ), and a rear upper housing part ( 2.O3 ) for connection to the rear lower housing part ( 2.U3 ) in the first plane (H). Module system according to one of the preceding claims 12 to 13, characterized in that it comprises at least one intermediate piece ( 2.O2 . 2.U2 ) for connection to the front and / or rear housing part ( 2.O1 . 2.U1 . 2.O3 . 2.U3 ) in the second plane (V1, V2). Modular system according to claim 14, characterized in that that there are at least two intermediate pieces of different extent in the direction of the rotor axis and / or at least one upper and at least a lower intermediate piece having. Module system according to one of the preceding claims 12 to 15, characterized in that at least one of the housing parts an inlet flange ( 4 ) and optionally as a front upper and / or lower housing part ( 2.U1 ) is selectable. Module system according to one of the preceding claims 12 to 16, characterized in that at least one of the housing parts an outlet flange ( 5 ) and optionally as a rear upper and / or lower housing part ( 2.U3 ) is selectable. flow machine according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 8, characterized that they according to one Method according to one of the preceding claims 9 to 11 from a modular system according to one of the preceding claims 12 to 17 is produced.