EP0511191A2 - System to measure the position of a rail track with respect to a fixed point - Google Patents

System to measure the position of a rail track with respect to a fixed point Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0511191A2
EP0511191A2 EP92890070A EP92890070A EP0511191A2 EP 0511191 A2 EP0511191 A2 EP 0511191A2 EP 92890070 A EP92890070 A EP 92890070A EP 92890070 A EP92890070 A EP 92890070A EP 0511191 A2 EP0511191 A2 EP 0511191A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
track
distance measuring
distance
measuring device
fixed point
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP92890070A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0511191B1 (en
EP0511191A3 (en
Inventor
Josef Ing. Theurer
Bernhard Dipl.-Ing. Lichtberger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Franz Plasser Bahnbaumaschinen Industrie GmbH
Original Assignee
Franz Plasser Bahnbaumaschinen Industrie GmbH
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Publication of EP0511191A2 publication Critical patent/EP0511191A2/en
Publication of EP0511191A3 publication Critical patent/EP0511191A3/en
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Publication of EP0511191B1 publication Critical patent/EP0511191B1/en
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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/14—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring distance or clearance between spaced objects or spaced apertures
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/26—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C15/00—Surveying instruments or accessories not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C13/00
    • G01C15/002—Active optical surveying means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
    • G01S17/88—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for measuring the distance between a track and a fixed point arranged laterally therefrom, with a support frame which can be moved on the track by wheel flange rollers and a rotatably mounted distance measuring device connected thereto.
  • EP 0 213 253 A1 has already disclosed a track tamping machine with a carriage which can be moved on flanged wheels and which has a laser transmitter which can be pivoted about a vertical and horizontal axis.
  • This is adjustable with the aid of spindle drive heights and laterally adjustable in relation to the front carriage and, in addition to being coordinated with a machine-specific reference system for the tamping machine, is also designed to measure the distance to a fixed point located to the side of the track.
  • the laser transmitter must first be set to a required starting position using the spindle drives mentioned.
  • the object of the present invention is to create a device of the type described at the outset for measuring the distance between a track and a fixed point, with which the measurement can be carried out quickly and easily while avoiding complicated adjustment work.
  • the distance measuring device is assigned at least two protractors for detecting an angle of rotation with respect to an axis approximately perpendicular to the plane of the track and a further angle of rotation with respect to an axis approximately parallel to the plane of the track, as well as a computing unit for automatically determining the distance between the fixed point and the track are.
  • the measuring process is essentially reduced to the aiming of the distance measuring device at the fixed point, so that the measurement can be carried out with great accuracy even by less specially trained workers.
  • the determined distance values can also be stored by the computing unit and / or can be printed out as a log, so that data is also passed on to the operating personnel for example a tamping machine, no transmission errors can occur.
  • the measured angles can advantageously be forwarded to the computing unit with high resolution and accuracy.
  • the distance measuring device as a combined laser transmitter and receiver, a high degree of accuracy can be achieved with simple operation.
  • a further development of the device according to claim 4 offers the advantageous possibility of taking into account an incorrect position of the support frame due to an incorrect track position when determining the measured values in order to achieve the most accurate measurement results.
  • the precision pendulum according to claim 5 is advantageous for an exact determination of the cross slope of the track and its consideration in the fixed point measurement.
  • the flanged rollers can be pressed against a rail to switch off the track play, so that the fixed point measurement can be carried out without being affected by the track play.
  • a useful alternative to the use of a laser transmitter as a distance measuring device is the further development of the device as set out in claim 9, the cable pull potentiometer being usable even in bad weather conditions.
  • the distance measuring device is assigned remote-controlled pivoting drives and the carrier frame is assigned a remote-controlled travel drive. This makes it possible to operate the entire device remotely and also to carry out the setting work remotely.
  • the device can also be used in connection with a machine designed, for example, as a team car or a motor tower car.
  • the device 1 for measuring the distance between a track 4 formed from sleepers 2 and rails 3 and a fixed point 5 or track fixed point arranged laterally therefrom consists of a carrier frame 6, which is moved by flange rollers 7.
  • the carrier frame 6 is rotatably connected in the middle to a distance measuring device 8.
  • This is designed as a combined laser transmitter and receiver 9 with a telescopic sight 10.
  • the laser transmitter and receiver 9 is mounted on a bracket 12 and connected to an angle encoder 13 designed as an electronic absolute encoder.
  • the console 12 itself is rotatably mounted about an axis 14 running perpendicular to the plane of the support frame 6 or to the track plane and is also connected to a protractor 15 designed as an electronic absolute encoder.
  • the two axes 11 and 14 are exactly perpendicular to one another, the axis 14 running perpendicular to the track plane being located in the track axis.
  • the two protractors 13 and 15 and two precision pendulums 16, 17 are connected to a computing unit 18.
  • the precision pendulum 17 is designed to detect the deviation of the support frame 6 from a horizontal plane running in the longitudinal direction of the track.
  • the second precision pendulum 16, is used to detect the deviation of the support frame or the distance measuring device 8 in the transverse direction of the track from a horizontal plane for detecting the slope of the track (angle ⁇ ).
  • a pressing device 19 is provided on both longitudinal sides of the support frame 6 for pressing wheel flanges of the wheel flange rollers 7 onto the inner edge of the corresponding rail 3.
  • This pressing device 19 is designed, for example, as a lever 21 which can be pivoted by a drive 20 about an axis running in the longitudinal direction of the track.
  • a remote-controllable travel drive 23 which is designed, for example, as an electric motor, is used to move the device 1 on the track 4.
  • 34 and 35 (FIG. 2), remote-controlled drives for pivoting the laser transmitter 9 about the axes 11 and 14 are indicated.
  • the device 1 is moved on the track 4 with the aid of the drive 23 until a mark 24 located on the support frame 6 comes to lie congruently with a color mark located on the rail foot.
  • This color marking identifies the corresponding fixed point position on the track 4.
  • the flange wheels 7 facing the fixed point 5 are pressed onto the corresponding rail 3 to switch off the track play.
  • the laser transmitter and receiver 9 are then aimed at the fixed point 5 with the aid of the telescopic sight 10. Due to the faulty track position, the laser transmitter 9 is located in the area of the carrier frame 6 - and thus also the measuring beam set up at the fixed point 5 and designated by 36 - not in the defined and designated 37 position according to the track plan.
  • the two protractors 13 and 15 are set so that they display the value zero in the event that the measuring beam is exactly in the target position defined in the track plan.
  • the exact difference is determined in the following by the angle deviations determined by the protractors 13 and 15 in conjunction with the inclination deviations ⁇ and ⁇ determined by the two precision pendulums 16, 17 and the distance between the laser transmitter and fixed point determined as an auxiliary value Distance of the track axis from the fixed point 5 calculated in the defined target position of the measuring beam.
  • the exact distance determined in this way between the distance measuring device 8 and the fixed point 5 is optionally displayed digitally and / or stored or also printed out as a protocol. With remote-controlled operation, there is of course also the possibility of transferring the measurement results directly to an external computer.
  • the device 1 is set in such a way that if the track is perpendicular to the track axis and parallel to the plane of the support frame 6 or to the track plane, in the target position, the laser beam has the value zero measured by the two angle meters 15 and 13. This means that the length of such a laser or. Measuring beam is identical to the distance of fixed point 5 from the track axis, which is precisely defined in the track plan (there are, however, other, depending on local conditions, definitions of the position of the fixed point in relation to the track axis. In these cases, the zero setting must of course be adjusted accordingly ).
  • FIG. 3 Another embodiment variant of a device 25 for measuring the distance between track 4 and fixed point 5 shown in FIG. 3 has a cable pull potentiometer 26 instead of a laser transmitter. This is connected to a cable 27, the free end of which is pulled out of the cable potentiometer 26 for measuring the distance to the fixed point and placed on the fixed point. Measured values corresponding to the length of the rope are output by the cable potentiometer 26 to the computing unit.
  • the other components of the device 25 are identical to the device 1, so that a detailed description is not given.
  • a motor tower car 28, shown schematically in FIG. 4, can be moved on a track 31 by means of a travel drive 29 through rail travel mechanisms 30.
  • a support frame 32 with flanged wheels is connected to a machine frame in a height-adjustable manner by a drive 33.
  • the support frame 32 is equipped with a previously described device 1 or 25 for measuring the distance between track 31 and a fixed point.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Machines For Laying And Maintaining Railways (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
  • Indexing, Searching, Synchronizing, And The Amount Of Synchronization Travel Of Record Carriers (AREA)

Abstract

A device (1) for measuring the distance between a rail track (4) and a fixed point (5) arranged at the side thereof is equipped with a support frame (6), which can be moved on the rail track by means of wheel flange rollers (7), and a rotatably mounted distance-measuring device (8) connected to said frame. Assigned to said distance-measuring device are two goniometers (13, 15) for measuring an angle ( alpha ) of rotation with respect to an axis (14) extending approximately at right angles to the plane of the track, and for measuring a further angle ( beta ) of rotation with respect to an axis (11) extending approximately parallel to the plane of the track, as well as a computing unit (18) for automatically determining the distance between the fixed point (5) and rail track (4). <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Einrichtung zum Messen der Distanz zwischen einem Gleis und einem seitlich davon angeordneten Fixpunkt, mit einem durch Spurkranzrollen am Gleis verfahrbaren Trägerrahamen und einer mit diesem verbundenen, drehbar gelagerten Distanzmeßvorrichtung.The invention relates to a device for measuring the distance between a track and a fixed point arranged laterally therefrom, with a support frame which can be moved on the track by wheel flange rollers and a rotatably mounted distance measuring device connected thereto.

Durch die EP 0 213 253 A1 ist bereits eine Gleisstopfmaschine mit einem auf Spurkranzrollen verfahrbaren Vorwagen bekannt, der einen um eine vertikale und horizontale Achse verschwenkbaren Laser-Sender aufweist. Dieser ist mit Hilfe von Spindelantrieben- höhen und seitenmäßig in Bezug auf den Vorwagen verstellbar gelagert und zusätzlich zu Abstimmung auf ein maschineneigenes Bezugsystem der Stopfmaschine auch zur Messung der Distanz zu einem seitlich neben dem Gleis befindlichen Fixpunkt ausgebildet. Allerdings muß vor der Einleitung der Distanzmessung der Laser-Sender mit Hilfe der erwähnten Spindelantriebe erst in eine erforderliche Ausgangsposition eingestellt werden.EP 0 213 253 A1 has already disclosed a track tamping machine with a carriage which can be moved on flanged wheels and which has a laser transmitter which can be pivoted about a vertical and horizontal axis. This is adjustable with the aid of spindle drive heights and laterally adjustable in relation to the front carriage and, in addition to being coordinated with a machine-specific reference system for the tamping machine, is also designed to measure the distance to a fixed point located to the side of the track. However, before initiating the distance measurement, the laser transmitter must first be set to a required starting position using the spindle drives mentioned.

Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt nun in der Schaffung einer Einrichtung der eingangs beschriebenen Art zum Messen der Distanz zwischen einem Gleis und einem Fixpunkt, mit welcher die Messung unter Vermeidung von aufwendigen Einstellarbeiten rasch und einfach durchführbar ist.The object of the present invention is to create a device of the type described at the outset for measuring the distance between a track and a fixed point, with which the measurement can be carried out quickly and easily while avoiding complicated adjustment work.

Diese Aufgabe der erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß der Distanzmeßvorrichtung wenigstens zwei Winkelmesser zur Erfassung eines Drehwinkels bezüglich einer etwa senkrecht zur Gleisebene verlaufenden Achse und eines weiteren Drehwinkels bezüglich einer etwa parallel zur Gleisebene verlaufenden Achse sowie eine Recheneinheit zur automatischen Ermittlung der Distanz zwischen Fixpunkt und Gleis zugeordnet sind. Eine derartige Ausbildung ermöglicht eine vereinfachte und genaue Distanzbestimmung zwischen der Einrichtung bzw. der Gleisachse und dem Fixpunkt, wobei sich zeitaufwendige und die Genauigkeit durch eventuelle Bedienungsfehler beeinträchtigende Einstellungen der Distanzmeßvorrichtung in bezug auf das Gleis zur Gänze erübrigen. Mit Hilfe der Winkelmesser und der automatischen Berücksichtigung der Winkelwerte durch die Recheneinheit ist damit der Meßvorgang im wesentlichen auf das Einvisieren der Distanzmeßvorrichtung auf den Fixpunkt reduziert, so daß die Meßdurchführung problemlos auch von weniger speziell geschulten Arbeitskräften mit großer Genauigkeit durchführbar ist. Zweckmäßigerweise sind die ermittelten Distanzwerte auch durch die Recheneinheit abspeicherbar und/oder als Protokoll ausdruckbar, so daß auch bezüglich einer Datenweitergabe an die Bedienungskräfte beispielsweise einer Stopfmaschine, keine Übertragungsfehler auftreten können.This object of the invention is achieved in that the distance measuring device is assigned at least two protractors for detecting an angle of rotation with respect to an axis approximately perpendicular to the plane of the track and a further angle of rotation with respect to an axis approximately parallel to the plane of the track, as well as a computing unit for automatically determining the distance between the fixed point and the track are. Such a design enables a simplified and precise determination of the distance between the device or the track axis and the fixed point, with time-consuming adjustments of the distance measuring device with respect to the track, which impair the accuracy due to possible operating errors, being completely eliminated. With the help of the protractor and the automatic consideration of the angular values by the computing unit, the measuring process is essentially reduced to the aiming of the distance measuring device at the fixed point, so that the measurement can be carried out with great accuracy even by less specially trained workers. Advantageously, the determined distance values can also be stored by the computing unit and / or can be printed out as a log, so that data is also passed on to the operating personnel for example a tamping machine, no transmission errors can occur.

Durch die Verwendung von elektronischen Absolut-Encoder als Winkelmesser sind die gemessenen Winkel in vorteilhafter Weise mit hoher Auflösung und Genauigkeit an die Recheneinheit weiterleitbar.By using electronic absolute encoders as protractors, the measured angles can advantageously be forwarded to the computing unit with high resolution and accuracy.

Mit der Ausbildung der Distanzmeßvorrichtung als kombinierter Laser-Sender und Empfänger ist ein hohes Maß an Genauigkeit bei einfacher Bedienbarleit erzielbar.With the design of the distance measuring device as a combined laser transmitter and receiver, a high degree of accuracy can be achieved with simple operation.

Durch eine Weiterbildung der Einrichtung gemaß Anspruch 4 besteht die vorteilhafte Möglichkeit, eine durch eine fehlerhafte Gleislage bedingte Fehllage des Trägerrahmens bei der Meßwertermittlung zur Erzielung genauester Meßergebnisse zu berücksichtigen.A further development of the device according to claim 4 offers the advantageous possibility of taking into account an incorrect position of the support frame due to an incorrect track position when determining the measured values in order to achieve the most accurate measurement results.

Das Präzisionspendel gemäß Anspruch 5 ist für eine exakte Ermittlung der Querneigung des Gleises und deren Berücksichtigung bei der Fixpunkmessung vorteilhaft.The precision pendulum according to claim 5 is advantageous for an exact determination of the cross slope of the track and its consideration in the fixed point measurement.

Für den Fall, daß der mit den Winkelmessern verbundenen Distanzmeßbvorrichtung eine Video-Kamera zugeordnet ist, besteht die vorteilhafte Möglichkeit, den gesamten Einstellvorgang des Laser-Senders auf den Fixpunkt im Rahmen einer Fernbedienung durchzuführen.In the event that a video camera is assigned to the distance measuring device connected to the protractors, there is the advantageous possibility of carrying out the entire adjustment process of the laser transmitter to the fixed point using a remote control.

Mit der Anpreßvorrichtung nach den Ansprüchen 7 und 8 sind die Spurkranzrollen zur Ausschaltung des Spurspiels an eine Schiene anpreßbar, so daß die Fixpunktmessung ohne Beeinträchtigung durch das Spurspiel durchführbar ist.With the pressing device according to claims 7 and 8, the flanged rollers can be pressed against a rail to switch off the track play, so that the fixed point measurement can be carried out without being affected by the track play.

Eine zweckmäßige Alternative zum Einsatz eines Laser-Senders als Distanzmeßvorrichtung ist die in Anspruch durch 9 angeführte Weiterbildung der Einrichtung, wobei das Seilzug-Potentiometer auch bei schlechten Witterungsverhältnissen einsetzbar ist.A useful alternative to the use of a laser transmitter as a distance measuring device is the further development of the device as set out in claim 9, the cable pull potentiometer being usable even in bad weather conditions.

Eine vorteilhafte Weiterbildung der Einrichtung besteht auch darin, daß der Distanzmeßvorrichtung fernsteuerbare Verschwenkantriebe und dem Trägerrahmen ein fernsteuerbarer Fahrantrieb zugeordnet sind. Damit besteht die Möglichkeit, die gesamte Einrichtung ferngesteuert zu verfahren und auch die Einstellarbeiten ferngesteuert durchzuführen.An advantageous further development of the device also consists in that the distance measuring device is assigned remote-controlled pivoting drives and the carrier frame is assigned a remote-controlled travel drive. This makes it possible to operate the entire device remotely and also to carry out the setting work remotely.

Schließlich ist mit einer Weiterbildung nach Anspruch 11 die Einrichtung auch in Verbindung mit einer beispielsweise als Mannschaftswagen oder einem Motorturmwagen ausgebildeten Maschine einsetzbar.Finally, with a further development according to claim 11, the device can also be used in connection with a machine designed, for example, as a team car or a motor tower car.

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand in der Zeichnung dargestellter Ausführungsbeispiele näher beschrieben.The invention is described in more detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments shown in the drawing.

Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 eine Ansicht einer erfindungsgemäß ausgebildeten Einrichtung zum Messen der Distanz zwischen einem Gleis und einem Fixpunkt,
  • Fig. 2 eine Draufsicht auf die Einrichtung,
  • Fig. 3 ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiuel einer Einrichtung zum Messen der Distanz zwischen Gleis und Fixpunkt und
  • Fig. 4 ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel einer schematischen Seitenansicht einer Maschine mit einer Einrichtung zum Fixpunkt essen.
Show it:
  • 1 is a view of a device designed according to the invention for measuring the distance between a track and a fixed point,
  • 2 is a plan view of the device,
  • Fig. 3 shows another exemplary embodiment of a device for measuring the distance between the track and fixed point and
  • Fig. 4 shows another embodiment of a schematic side view of a machine with a device for eating fixed point.

Wie in Fig. 1 ersichtlich, besteht die Einrichtung 1 zum Messen der Distanz zwischen einem aus Schwellen 2 und Schienen 3 gebildeten Gleis 4 und einem seitlich davon angeordneten Fixpunkt 5 bzw. Gleisfestpunkt aus einem Trägerrahmen 6, der durch Spurkranzrollen 7 verfahber ist. Der Trägerrahmen 6 ist mittig mit einer Distanzmeßvorrichtung 8 drehbar verbunden. Diese ist als kombinierter Laser-Sender und Empfäger 9 mit einem Zielfernrohr 10 ausgebildet. Zur Verschwenkung um eine etwa parallel zur Gleisebene verlaufende Achse 11 ist der Laser-Sender und Empfänger 9 auf einer Konsole 12 gelagert und mit einem als elektronischer Absolut-Encoder ausgebildeten Winkelmesser 13 verbunden. Die Konsole 12 selbst ist um eine senkrecht zur Ebene des Trägerrahmens 6 bzw. zur Gleisebene verlaufende Achse 14 drehbar gelagert und ebenfalls mit einem als elektronischer Absolut-Encoder ausgebildeten Winkelmesser 15 verbunden. Die beiden Achsen 11 und 14 stehen genau senkrecht zueinander, wobei sich die senkrecht zur Gleisebene verlaufende Achse 14 in der Gleisachse befindet. Die beiden Winkelmesser 13 und 15 sowie zwei Präzisionspendel 16,17 stehen mit einer Recheneinheit 18 in Verbindung. Das Präzisionspendel 17 ist zur Erfassung der in Gleislängsrichtung verlaufenden Abweichung des Trägerrahmens 6 von einer horizontalen Ebene ausgebildet. Das zweite Präzisionspendel 16 dient hingegen zur Erfassung der in Gleisquerrichtung verlaufenden Abweichung des Trägerrahmens bzw. der Distanzmeßvorrichtung 8 von einer horizontalen Ebene zur Erfassung der Gleisquerneigung (Winkel γ).As can be seen in FIG. 1, the device 1 for measuring the distance between a track 4 formed from sleepers 2 and rails 3 and a fixed point 5 or track fixed point arranged laterally therefrom consists of a carrier frame 6, which is moved by flange rollers 7. The carrier frame 6 is rotatably connected in the middle to a distance measuring device 8. This is designed as a combined laser transmitter and receiver 9 with a telescopic sight 10. For pivoting about an axis 11 running approximately parallel to the track plane, the laser transmitter and receiver 9 is mounted on a bracket 12 and connected to an angle encoder 13 designed as an electronic absolute encoder. The console 12 itself is rotatably mounted about an axis 14 running perpendicular to the plane of the support frame 6 or to the track plane and is also connected to a protractor 15 designed as an electronic absolute encoder. The two axes 11 and 14 are exactly perpendicular to one another, the axis 14 running perpendicular to the track plane being located in the track axis. The two protractors 13 and 15 and two precision pendulums 16, 17 are connected to a computing unit 18. The precision pendulum 17 is designed to detect the deviation of the support frame 6 from a horizontal plane running in the longitudinal direction of the track. The second precision pendulum 16, on the other hand, is used to detect the deviation of the support frame or the distance measuring device 8 in the transverse direction of the track from a horizontal plane for detecting the slope of the track (angle γ).

Wie in Fig. 1 und 2 ersichtlich, ist an beiden Längsseiten des Trägerrahmens 6 jeweils eine Anpreßvorrichtung 19 zum Anpressen von Spurkränzen der Spurkranzrollen 7 an die Innenkante der entsprechenden Schiene 3 vorgesehen. Diese Anpreßvorrichtung 19 ist beispielsweise als durch einen Antrieb 20 um eine in Gleislängsrichtung verlaufende Achse verschwenkbarer Hebel 21 ausgebildet. Mit 22 ist in Fig. 1 die Möglichkeit einer Anordnung einer Videokamera am Okular des Zielfemrohres 10 angedeutet, so daß das Anvisieren des Laser-Senders 9 auf den Fixpunkt 5 auch örtlich distanziert durchführbar ist. Ein beispielsweise als Elektromotor ausgebildeter, fernsteuerbarer Fahrantrieb 23 dient zum Verfahren der Einrichtung 1 am Gleis 4. Mit 34 und 35 (Fig.2) sind fernsteuerbare Antriebe zum Verschwenken des Laser-Senders 9 um die Achsen 11 und 14 angedeutet.As can be seen in FIGS. 1 and 2, a pressing device 19 is provided on both longitudinal sides of the support frame 6 for pressing wheel flanges of the wheel flange rollers 7 onto the inner edge of the corresponding rail 3. This pressing device 19 is designed, for example, as a lever 21 which can be pivoted by a drive 20 about an axis running in the longitudinal direction of the track. With 22 in Fig. 1 the possibility of arranging a video camera on the eyepiece of the target telescope 10 is indicated, so that the sighting of the laser transmitter 9 on the fixed point 5 can also be carried out at a distant location. A remote-controllable travel drive 23, which is designed, for example, as an electric motor, is used to move the device 1 on the track 4. With 34 and 35 (FIG. 2), remote-controlled drives for pivoting the laser transmitter 9 about the axes 11 and 14 are indicated.

Zur Durchführung des Meßvorganges wird die Einrichtung 1 mit Hilfe des Fahrantriebes 23 so lange auf dem Gleis 4 verfahren, bis eine auf dem Trägerrahmen 6 befindliche Markierung 24 deckungsgleich mit einer auf dem Schienenfuß befindlichen Farbmarkierung zu liegen kommt. Diese Farbmarkierung kennzeichnet die entsprechende Fixpunktosition am Gleis 4. Durch Beaufschlagung des entsprechenden Antriebes 20 erfolgt ein Anpressen der dem Fixpunkt 5 zugekehrten Spurkranzrollen 7 an die entsprechende Schiene 3 zur Ausschaltung des Spurspiels. Anschließend wird der Laser-Sender und Empfänger 9 mit Hilfe des Zielfernrohres 10 auf den Fixpunkt 5 anvisiert. Dabei befindet sich der Laser-Sender 9 auf Grund der fehlerhaften Gleislage im Bereich des Trägerrahamens 6 - und damit auch der auf den Fixpunkt 5 eingerichtete und mit 36 bezeichnete Meßstrahl-nicht in der definierten und mit 37 bezeichneten Soll-Lage gemäß dem Gleisplan. Es wird daher mit der Erfassung der Distanz zwischen dem Laser-Sender 9 und dem Fixpunkt 5 lediglich ein Zwischenmeßwert ermittelt. Die beiden Winkelmesser 13 und 15 sind so eingestellt, daß sie für den Fall, daß sich der Meßstrahl genau in der im Gleisplan definierten Soll-Lage befindet, den Wert Null anzeigen. In Verbindung mit dem beispielhaft beschriebenen Meßvorgang wird im folgenden über die durch die Winkelmesser 13 und 15 eruierten Winkelabweichungen in Verbindung mit den durch die beiden Präzisionspendel 16,17 ermittelten Neigungsabweichungen α und β sowie der als Hilfswert ermittelten Distanz zwischen Laser-Sender und Fixpunkt der exakte Abstand der Gleisachse vom Fixpunkt 5 in der definierten Soll-Lage des Meßstrahls errechnet. Der auf diese Weise exakt ermittelte Abstand zwischen der Distanzmeßvorrichtung 8 und dem Fixpunkt 5 wird wahlweise digital angezeigt und/oder gespeichert bzw. auch als Protokoll ausgedruckt. Bei ferngesteuertem Betrieb besteht natürlich auch die Möglichkeit, die Meßergebnisse direkt an einen Fremdrechner zu übertragen.To carry out the measuring process, the device 1 is moved on the track 4 with the aid of the drive 23 until a mark 24 located on the support frame 6 comes to lie congruently with a color mark located on the rail foot. This color marking identifies the corresponding fixed point position on the track 4. When the corresponding drive 20 is acted on, the flange wheels 7 facing the fixed point 5 are pressed onto the corresponding rail 3 to switch off the track play. The laser transmitter and receiver 9 are then aimed at the fixed point 5 with the aid of the telescopic sight 10. Due to the faulty track position, the laser transmitter 9 is located in the area of the carrier frame 6 - and thus also the measuring beam set up at the fixed point 5 and designated by 36 - not in the defined and designated 37 position according to the track plan. Therefore, with the detection of the distance between the laser transmitter 9 and the fixed point 5, only an intermediate measurement value is determined. The two protractors 13 and 15 are set so that they display the value zero in the event that the measuring beam is exactly in the target position defined in the track plan. In connection with the measuring process described by way of example, the exact difference is determined in the following by the angle deviations determined by the protractors 13 and 15 in conjunction with the inclination deviations α and β determined by the two precision pendulums 16, 17 and the distance between the laser transmitter and fixed point determined as an auxiliary value Distance of the track axis from the fixed point 5 calculated in the defined target position of the measuring beam. The exact distance determined in this way between the distance measuring device 8 and the fixed point 5 is optionally displayed digitally and / or stored or also printed out as a protocol. With remote-controlled operation, there is of course also the possibility of transferring the measurement results directly to an external computer.

Wie bereits erwähnt, ist die Einrichtung 1derart eingestellt, daß bei einem senkrecht zur Gleisachse sowie parallel zur Ebene des Trägerrahmens 6 bzw. zur Gleisebene verlaufenden, in der Soll-Lage befindlichen Laser-Strahl die von den beiden Winkelmessem 15 und 13 gemessenen Winkel den Wert Null auweisen. Das heißt, daß die Länge eines derartigen Laserbzw. Meßstrahls identisch mit dem im Gleisplan genau definierten Abstand des Fixpunktes 5 von der Gleisachse ist (Es gibt jedoch auch andere, von örtlichen Verhältnissen abhängige Definitionen der Lage des Fixpunktes in bezug auf die Gleisachse. In diesen Fällen muß die Null-Einstellung natürlich entsprechend angepaßt werden).As already mentioned, the device 1 is set in such a way that if the track is perpendicular to the track axis and parallel to the plane of the support frame 6 or to the track plane, in the target position, the laser beam has the value zero measured by the two angle meters 15 and 13. This means that the length of such a laser or. Measuring beam is identical to the distance of fixed point 5 from the track axis, which is precisely defined in the track plan (there are, however, other, depending on local conditions, definitions of the position of the fixed point in relation to the track axis. In these cases, the zero setting must of course be adjusted accordingly ).

Eine in Fig. 3 ersichtliche weitere Ausführungsvariante einer Einrichtung 25 zum Messen der Distanz zwischen Gleis 4 und Fixpunkt 5 weist anstelle eines Laser-Senders ein Seilzugpotentiometer 26 auf. Dieses ist mit einem Seil 27 verbunden, dessen freies Ende für die Messung der Distanz zum Fixpunkt aus dem Seilzugpotentiometer 26 gezogen und auf den Fixpunkt gelegt wird. Dabei werden vom Seilzugpotentiometer 26 der Seeillänge entsprechende Meßwerte an die Recheneinheit abgegeben. Die weiteren Bauteile der Einrichtung 25 sind identisch mit der Einrichtung 1, so daß von einer näheren Beschreibung Abstand genommen wird.Another embodiment variant of a device 25 for measuring the distance between track 4 and fixed point 5 shown in FIG. 3 has a cable pull potentiometer 26 instead of a laser transmitter. This is connected to a cable 27, the free end of which is pulled out of the cable potentiometer 26 for measuring the distance to the fixed point and placed on the fixed point. Measured values corresponding to the length of the rope are output by the cable potentiometer 26 to the computing unit. The other components of the device 25 are identical to the device 1, so that a detailed description is not given.

Ein in Fig. 4 schematisch dargestellter Motorturmwagen 28 ist mit Hilfe eines Fahrantriebes 29 durch Schienenfahrweerke 30 auf einem Gleis 31 verfahrbar. An einer Stirnseite des Motorturmwagens 28 ist ein Trägerrahmen 32 mit Spurkranzrollen durch einen Antrieb 33 höhenverstellbar mit einem Maschinenrahmen verbunden. Der Trägerrahmen 32 ist mit einer zuvor beschriebenen Einrichtung 1 bzw. 25 zum Messen der Distanz zwischen Gleis 31 und einem Fixpunkt ausgerüstet.A motor tower car 28, shown schematically in FIG. 4, can be moved on a track 31 by means of a travel drive 29 through rail travel mechanisms 30. On an end face of the motor tower car 28, a support frame 32 with flanged wheels is connected to a machine frame in a height-adjustable manner by a drive 33. The support frame 32 is equipped with a previously described device 1 or 25 for measuring the distance between track 31 and a fixed point.

Claims (11)

Einrichtung zum Messen der Distanz zwischen einem Gleis und einem seitlich davon angeordneten Fixpunkt, mit einem durch Spurkranzrollen am Gleis verfahrbaren Trägerrahmen und einer mit diesem verbundenen, drehbar gelagerten Distanzmeßvorrichtung, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Distanzmeßvorrichtung (8) wenigstens zwei Winkelmesser (13,15) zur Erfassung eines Drehwinkels (α) bezüglich einer etwa senkrecht zur Gleisebene verlaufenden Achse (14) und eines weiteren Drehwinkels (ß) bezüglich einer etwa parallel zur Gleisebene verlaufenden Achse (11) sowie eine Recheneinheit (18) zur automatischen Ermittlung der Distanz zwischen Fixpunkt (5) und Gleis (4) zugeordnet sind.Device for measuring the distance between a track and a fixed point arranged laterally therefrom, with a support frame which can be moved on the track by means of flanged wheels and a rotatably mounted distance measuring device connected thereto, characterized in that the distance measuring device (8) has at least two angle meters (13, 15) for detecting an angle of rotation (α) with respect to an axis (14) approximately perpendicular to the track plane and a further angle of rotation (β) with respect to an axis (11) approximately parallel to the track plane as well as a computing unit (18) for automatically determining the distance between fixed point ( 5) and track (4) are assigned. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Winkelmesser (13,15) als elektronische Absolut-Encoder ausgebildet sind.Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the protractors (13, 15) are designed as electronic absolute encoders. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Distanzmeßvorrichtung (8) als kombinierter Laser-Sender und -Empfänger (9) ausgebildet ist.Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the distance measuring device (8) is designed as a combined laser transmitter and receiver (9). Einrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1, 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Recheneinheit ( 18) ein am Trägerrahmen (6) angeordnetes Präzisionspendel (17) zur Erfassung der in Gleislängsrichtung verlaufenden Abweichung des Trägerrahmens (6) bzw. der Distanzmeßvorrichtung (8) von einer horizontalen Ebene zugeordnet ist.Device according to one of claims 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the computing unit (18) has a precision pendulum (17) arranged on the support frame (6) for detecting the deviation of the support frame (6) or the distance measuring device (8) running in the longitudinal direction of the track. is assigned from a horizontal plane. Einrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Recheneinheit (18) ein am Trägerrahmen (6) angeordnetes Präzisiospendel (16) zur Erfassung der in Gleiquerrichtung verlaufenden Abweichung des Trägerrahmens (6) bzw. der Distanzmeßvorrichtung (8) von der horizontalen Ebene zugeordnet ist.Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the computing unit (18) has a precision pendulum (16) arranged on the support frame (6) for detecting the deviation of the support frame (6) or the distance measuring device (8) from the is assigned to the horizontal plane. Einrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der mit den Winkelmessem (13,15) verbundenen Distanzmeßvorrichtung (8) eine Videokamera (22) zugeordnet ist.Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a video camera (22) is associated with the distance measuring device (8) connected to the angle meters (13, 15). Einrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß wenigstens eine Anpreßvorrichtung (19) zum Anpressen der an einer Längsseite des Trägerrahmens (6) befindlichen Spurkranzrollen (7) an die Innenkante der Schiene (3) vorgesehen ist.Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that at least one pressing device (19) is provided for pressing the wheel flange rollers (7) located on a longitudinal side of the carrier frame (6) against the inner edge of the rail (3). Einrichtung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Anpreßvorrichtung (19) als durch einen Antrieb (20) um eine in Gleislängsrichtung verlaufende Achse verschwenkbarer Hebel (21 ) ausgebildet ist.Device according to claim 7, characterized in that the pressing device (19) is designed as a lever (21) which can be pivoted by a drive (20) about an axis running in the longitudinal direction of the track. Einrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2 bzw. 4 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Distanzmeßvorrichtung (8) als Seilzugpotentiometer (26) ausgebildet ist, das jeweils um eine etwa senkrecht bzw. parallel zur Gleisebene verlaufende Achse ( 11, 14) verdrehbar gelagert und zur Erfassung des jeweiligen Drehwinkels mit zwei Winkelmessern (13,15) verbunden ist.Device according to one of claims 1 or 2 or 4 to 8, characterized in that the distance measuring device (8) is designed as a cable pull potentiometer (26) which can be rotated about an axis (11, 14) which is approximately perpendicular or parallel to the track plane stored and connected to the detection of the respective angle of rotation with two angle meters (13, 15). Einrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Distanzmeßvorrichtung (8) fernsteuerbare Verschwenkantriebe und dem Trägerrahmen (6) ein fernsteuerbarer Fahrantrieb (23) zugeordnet sind.Device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the distance measuring device (8) remotely controllable pivoting drives and the carrier frame (6) are associated with a remotely controllable travel drive (23). Einrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Trägerrahmen (32) durch einen Antrieb (33) höhenverstellbar mit einer gleisverfahrbaren Maschine (28) verbunden ist.Device according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the support frame (32) is connected by a drive (33) adjustable in height to a machine (28) which can be moved on the track.
EP92890070A 1991-04-24 1992-03-25 System to measure the position of a rail track with respect to a fixed point Expired - Lifetime EP0511191B1 (en)

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AT516343A1 (en) * 2014-09-22 2016-04-15 Europ Trans Energy Gmbh Method for determining the position of the overhead line or the busbar for vehicles
CN105606021A (en) * 2014-11-19 2016-05-25 株式会社东芝 Elevator shaft internal configuration measuring device
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CN110962876A (en) * 2018-09-30 2020-04-07 华东交通大学 Novel limit measurement method for railway I-shaped steel pole tower
CN111854644A (en) * 2019-04-30 2020-10-30 华东交通大学 Novel measuring method for conical tower

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EP0511191B1 (en) 1995-12-13
DE59204642D1 (en) 1996-01-25
CN1050399C (en) 2000-03-15
EP0511191A3 (en) 1993-12-01
ATE131598T1 (en) 1995-12-15
JP3140160B2 (en) 2001-03-05
CN1066094A (en) 1992-11-11
JPH05248866A (en) 1993-09-28

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