EP0510134B1 - Spade contact socket - Google Patents

Spade contact socket Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0510134B1
EP0510134B1 EP91918265A EP91918265A EP0510134B1 EP 0510134 B1 EP0510134 B1 EP 0510134B1 EP 91918265 A EP91918265 A EP 91918265A EP 91918265 A EP91918265 A EP 91918265A EP 0510134 B1 EP0510134 B1 EP 0510134B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
free ends
socket
push
flat
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91918265A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0510134A1 (en
Inventor
Rudolf Nottrott
Helmut Steinhardt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Framatome Connectors Daut and Rietz GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Framatome Connectors Daut and Rietz GmbH and Co KG
Framatome Connectors International SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Framatome Connectors Daut and Rietz GmbH and Co KG, Framatome Connectors International SAS filed Critical Framatome Connectors Daut and Rietz GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP0510134A1 publication Critical patent/EP0510134A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0510134B1 publication Critical patent/EP0510134B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/02—Contact members
    • H01R13/10—Sockets for co-operation with pins or blades
    • H01R13/11—Resilient sockets
    • H01R13/113—Resilient sockets co-operating with pins or blades having a rectangular transverse section
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/02—Contact members
    • H01R13/15—Pins, blades or sockets having separate spring member for producing or increasing contact pressure
    • H01R13/18—Pins, blades or sockets having separate spring member for producing or increasing contact pressure with the spring member surrounding the socket

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a flat contact receptacle with two contact tabs arranged on the receptacle body, which are bent back at the free end and resiliently resiliently abut each other over part lengths at the spacing of the free ends, and with a spring body which firmly encompasses the receptacle body and has an inclined portion at diametrical wall sections to the free ends has over the flat sides of the contact tab extending strip part, which are bent back with their free ends with a partial length over the free ends of the contact tabs to each other and in the direction of insertion and rest on the free ends of the contact tabs.
  • this object is achieved in that the strip parts are formed with a slightly smaller width than the width of the contact tabs and press against the free ends of the contact tabs with such a bias that supports the contact force of the contact tabs.
  • the spring body and the strip parts can be formed in one piece, preferably the spring body and strip parts being cut from a sheet metal part and being erected by bending and / or folding.
  • An improvement in the suspension properties of the strip parts can be achieved by means of longitudinal slots which extend at a distance from the free ends to at least approximately the spring body.
  • the flat contact receptacle it is provided to fix the spring body by bending cuts on edge strips of recesses formed in the sleeve body on the sleeve body. It is understood that the spring body can also be connected to the sleeve body in any other way. So there is the possibility of spring body and sleeve body by welding or soldering to each other to be determined. It is also provided to provide the spring body and the sleeve body with axially identical recesses for the passage of a locking tongue which is resiliently arranged on the plug-in sleeve housing. The spring body thus supports the displacement-free fixing of the flat contact receptacle in the receptacle housing.
  • 1 denotes a flat contact receptacle, which has a sleeve body 2, to which crimp attachments 3 and 4 for fixing electrical conductors or insulation (not shown) connect to one end, while contact tabs 5 to the other end are trained.
  • the contact tabs 5 are resiliently resilient to one another at the distance of the free ends over part lengths and are bent back to form partitions for contact blades (not shown) over further part lengths 5 '.
  • a spring body 6 is applied, the cut strip parts 7, 7 ', which extend towards the free ends at an angle to each other over the flat sides of the contact tabs 5 and bear with bias on the free ends of the contact tabs 5.
  • the strip parts 7, 7 ' are bent back in the region of their free ends to each other and in the plug-in direction, thereby creating arcuate insertion surfaces for contact blades (not shown) are achieved.
  • the strip parts help to support the contact force of the contact tabs. They also ensure energy-saving insertion of the contact blades and prevent the flat contact receptacles from bumping or snagging on the housing surfaces when fitting the receptacle housings with the flat contact receptacles.
  • the multiple function of the over-spring 6, 7, 7 ' has a particularly favorable effect in the case of flat contact receptacles of small size, since here it is naturally increasingly possible to get caught on housing surfaces.
  • the spring body 6 is fixed on the sleeve body 2 by bending cuts 8 into recesses 9 of the sleeve body 2.
  • each contact tab 5 is overlapped by a single strip part 7 or 7 ', which extends approximately over the entire width of the contact tab 5, there is also the possibility of arranging a plurality of strip parts 7, 7' formed on a spring body 6, the ends of which are bent towards each other and in the direction of insertion.

Abstract

PCT No. PCT/EP91/02018 Sec. 371 Date Jun. 25, 1992 Sec. 102(e) Date Jun. 25, 1992 PCT Filed Oct. 24, 1991 PCT Pub. No. WO92/09120 PCT Pub. Date May 29, 1992.In a flat contact socket with two spring contact arms elastically touching at a distance from the free ends over part of their length, arranged on the socket body and bent back at the free ends, and with outer springs supported on the contact arms or the purposes of easy and secure insertion of the flat contact socket into the socket housing, the socket body is firmly surrounded by an outer spring body and the outer spring body is provided at the diameter wall sections with arm parts, extending over the flat sides of the contact arms and obliquely to the free ends and to one another. In addition, the free ends of the arm parts are bent back over part of their length over the free ends of the contact arms against one another and in the insertion direction and arranged to press against the free ends of the contact arms.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Flachkontaktsteckhülse mit zwei am Steckhülsenkörper angeordneten Kontaktlappen, die am freien Ende zurückgebogen sind und im Abstand der freien Enden über Teillängen federnd elastisch aneinander anliegen sowie mit einem den Steckhülsenkörper fest umfassenden Überfederkörper, der an diametralen Wandabschnitten je einen schräg zu den freien Enden über die Flachseiten der Kontaktlappen sich erstreckenden Streifenteil aufweist, die mit ihren freien Enden mit einer Teillänge über die freien Enden der Kontaktlappen zueinander und in Steckrichtung zurückgebogen sind und an den freien Enden der Kontaktlappen anliegen.The invention relates to a flat contact receptacle with two contact tabs arranged on the receptacle body, which are bent back at the free end and resiliently resiliently abut each other over part lengths at the spacing of the free ends, and with a spring body which firmly encompasses the receptacle body and has an inclined portion at diametrical wall sections to the free ends has over the flat sides of the contact tab extending strip part, which are bent back with their free ends with a partial length over the free ends of the contact tabs to each other and in the direction of insertion and rest on the free ends of the contact tabs.

Es ist bekannt, Flachkontaktsteckhülsen maschinell in Öffnungen von Steckhülsengehäusen von einem Ende her einzuschieben und in den Öffnungen zu fixieren. Beim Einschiebevorgang zeigt sich der Mangel, daß mit kleiner werdenden Baugrößen sich die nach außen zurückgebogenen freien Enden der Kontaktlappen an Steckhülsengehäuseflächen verhaken und den Einschiebevorgang ungünstig beeinflussen. Insbesondere zeigt sich ein Verhaken von Flachkontaktsteckhülsen dann, wenn den Kontaktlappen der Flachkontaktsteckhülsen Überfedern zugeordnet sind. Bei einer Flachkontaktsteckhülse (WO-A-90/01815) mit überfeder sind am Überfederkörper zwischen den zur Verstärkung der Kontaktkraft pressend an den Kontaktlappen anliegenden Anschnitten zusätzliche Streifenteile vorgesehen, die als Führungskörper für die Flachkontaktsteckhülse beim Einschiebevorgang dienen.It is known to mechanically insert flat contact receptacles into openings of receptacle housings from one end and to fix them in the openings. During the insertion process, there is a lack that, with smaller sizes, the free ends of the contact tabs which are bent outwards get caught on the socket housing surfaces and adversely affect the insertion process. In particular, hooking of flat contact receptacles can be seen when spring springs are assigned to the contact tabs of the flat contact receptacles. In the case of a flat contact receptacle (WO-A-90/01815) with an over-spring, additional strip parts are provided on the over-spring body between the gates which press against the contact tabs to increase the contact force and serve as guide bodies for the flat contact receptacle during the insertion process.

Die getrennte Funktionen ausübenden Anschnitte und Streifenteile führen als Nachteil zu einer störenden Vergrößerung des Bauaufwands.The separate functions of gates and strip parts lead to a disruptive increase in construction costs.

Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung, Maßnahmen zum sicheren behinderungsfreien Einbringen von Flachkontaktsteckhülsen in Steckhülsengehäusen mit geringem Bauaufwand zu schaffen.It is an object of the invention to provide measures for the safe, unobstructed insertion of flat contact receptacles in receptacle housings with little construction effort.

Der Erfindung gemäß ist diese Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, daß die Streifenteile mit geringfügig geringerer Breite als die Breite der Kontaktlappen ausgebildet sind und pressend an den freien Enden der Kontaktlappen anliegen mit einer solchen Vorspannung, die die Kontaktkraft der Kontaktlappen unterstützt.According to the invention, this object is achieved in that the strip parts are formed with a slightly smaller width than the width of the contact tabs and press against the free ends of the contact tabs with such a bias that supports the contact force of the contact tabs.

In Ausgestaltung der Flachkontaktsteckhülse können der Überfederkörper und die Streifenteile einstückig ausgebildet sein, wobei bevorzugt Überfederkörper und Streifenteile aus einem Blechteil geschnitten und durch Biegen und/oder Falten aufzurichten sind. Eine Verbesserung der Federungseigenschaft der Streifenteile läßt sich durch im Abstand der freien Enden bis mindestens annähernd zum Überfederkörper erstreckende Längsschlitze erreichen.In the embodiment of the flat contact plug-in sleeve, the spring body and the strip parts can be formed in one piece, preferably the spring body and strip parts being cut from a sheet metal part and being erected by bending and / or folding. An improvement in the suspension properties of the strip parts can be achieved by means of longitudinal slots which extend at a distance from the free ends to at least approximately the spring body.

In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Flachkontaktsteckhülse ist vorgesehen, den Überfederkörper durch Einbiegen von Anschnitten über Randstreifen von im Hülsenkörper ausgebildeten Ausnehmungen am Hülsenkörper festzulegen. Es versteht sich, daß der überfederkörper auch in anderer beliebiger Weise mit dem Hülsenkörper verbunden sein kann. So besteht die Möglichkeit Überfederkörper und Hülsenkörper durch Schweißung oder Lötung aneinander festzulegen. Auch ist vorgesehen, den Überfederkörper und den Hülsenkörper mit achsgleichen Ausnehmungen für den Durchgriff einer am Steckhülsengehäuse federnd elastisch angeordneten Verriegelungszunge zu versehen. Der Überfederkörper unterstützt so die verschiebungsfreie Festlegung der Flachkontaktsteckhülse im Steckhülsengehäuse.In a further embodiment of the flat contact receptacle, it is provided to fix the spring body by bending cuts on edge strips of recesses formed in the sleeve body on the sleeve body. It is understood that the spring body can also be connected to the sleeve body in any other way. So there is the possibility of spring body and sleeve body by welding or soldering to each other to be determined. It is also provided to provide the spring body and the sleeve body with axially identical recesses for the passage of a locking tongue which is resiliently arranged on the plug-in sleeve housing. The spring body thus supports the displacement-free fixing of the flat contact receptacle in the receptacle housing.

Die Erfindung ist anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels in der Zeichnung verdeutlicht. Hierin zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 eine Flachkontaktsteckhülse in Seitenansicht,
  • Fig. 2 eine Flachkontaktsteckhülse in Vorderansicht,
  • Fig. 3 eine Flachkontaktsteckhülse in Rückansicht und
  • Fig. 4 ein Schnitt nach der Linie IV-IV der Fig. 3.
The invention is illustrated using an exemplary embodiment in the drawing. Show here:
  • 1 is a side view of a flat contact receptacle,
  • 2 is a flat contact receptacle in front view,
  • Fig. 3 is a flat contact receptacle in rear view and
  • 4 shows a section along the line IV-IV of FIG. 3rd

In den Fig. ist mit 1 eine Flachkontaktsteckhülse bezeichnet, die einen Hülsenkörper 2 aufweist, an dem sich zum einen Ende hin Crimpansätze 3 und 4 für die Festlegung elektrischer Leiter bzw. der Isolation (nicht gezeigt) anschließen, während zum anderen Ende hin Kontaktlappen 5 ausgebildet sind. Die Kontaktlappen 5 liegen im Abstand der freien Enden über Teillängen federnd elastisch aneinander an und sind zur Bildung von Einsteckschrägen für Kontaktmesser (nicht gezeigt) über weitere Teillängen 5′ nach außen zurückgebogen. Auf den Hülsenkörper 2 ist ein Überfederkörper 6 aufgebracht, der angeschnittene Streifenteile 7, 7′ aufweist, die sich in Richtung zu den freien Enden schräg zueinander über die Flachseiten der Kontaktlappen 5 erstrecken und mit Vorspannung an den freien Enden der Kontaktlappen 5 anliegen. Die Streifenteile 7, 7′ sind im Bereich ihrer freien Enden zueinander und in Steckrichtung zurückgebogen, wodurch bogenförmige Einführungsflächen für Kontaktmesser (nicht gezeigt) erzielt sind. Die Streifenteile tragen zur Unterstützung der Kontaktkraft der Kontaktlappen bei. Sie sorgen weiter für ein kraftsparendes Einbringen der Kontaktmesser und schließen beim Bestükken von Steckhülsengehäusen mit den Flachkontaktsteckhülsen ein Anstoßen oder Verhaken der Flachkontaktsteckhülsen an Gehäuseflächen aus. Die Mehrfachfunktion der überfeder 6, 7, 7′ wirkt sich insbesondere günstig bei Flachkontaktsteckhülsen geringer Größe aus, da hier naturgemäß ein Verhaken an Gehäuseflächen verstärkt möglich ist.In the figures, 1 denotes a flat contact receptacle, which has a sleeve body 2, to which crimp attachments 3 and 4 for fixing electrical conductors or insulation (not shown) connect to one end, while contact tabs 5 to the other end are trained. The contact tabs 5 are resiliently resilient to one another at the distance of the free ends over part lengths and are bent back to form partitions for contact blades (not shown) over further part lengths 5 '. On the sleeve body 2, a spring body 6 is applied, the cut strip parts 7, 7 ', which extend towards the free ends at an angle to each other over the flat sides of the contact tabs 5 and bear with bias on the free ends of the contact tabs 5. The strip parts 7, 7 'are bent back in the region of their free ends to each other and in the plug-in direction, thereby creating arcuate insertion surfaces for contact blades (not shown) are achieved. The strip parts help to support the contact force of the contact tabs. They also ensure energy-saving insertion of the contact blades and prevent the flat contact receptacles from bumping or snagging on the housing surfaces when fitting the receptacle housings with the flat contact receptacles. The multiple function of the over-spring 6, 7, 7 'has a particularly favorable effect in the case of flat contact receptacles of small size, since here it is naturally increasingly possible to get caught on housing surfaces.

Der Überfederkörper 6 ist auf dem Hülsenkörper 2 durch Einbiegen von Anschnitten 8 in Ausnehmungen 9 des Hülsenkörpers 2 fixiert.The spring body 6 is fixed on the sleeve body 2 by bending cuts 8 into recesses 9 of the sleeve body 2.

Während beim Ausführungsbeispiel jeder Kontaktlappen 5 durch einen einzigen Streifenteil 7 oder 7′ übergriffen ist, der sich dabei annähernd über die ganze Breite der Kontaktlappen 5 erstreckt, besteht auch die Möglichkeit mehrere mit geringer Breite ausgebildete Streifenteile 7, 7′ an einem Überfederkörper 6 anzuordnen, deren Enden zueinander und in Steckrichtung eingebogen sind.While in the exemplary embodiment each contact tab 5 is overlapped by a single strip part 7 or 7 ', which extends approximately over the entire width of the contact tab 5, there is also the possibility of arranging a plurality of strip parts 7, 7' formed on a spring body 6, the ends of which are bent towards each other and in the direction of insertion.

Mit 10 sind Ausnehmungen bezeichnet, die durch Eintauchen von am Steckhülsengehäuse ausgebildeten federnden Verriegelungszungen für die Fixierung der Flachkontaktsteckhülse im Steckhülsengehäuse sorgen.With 10 recesses are designated, which ensure immersion of the resilient locking tongues formed on the receptacle housing for fixing the flat contact receptacle in the receptacle housing.

Claims (6)

  1. Flat push-on contact socket having two contact lugs (5) which are arranged on the push-on socket body (2), are bent back at the free end and bear against one another in a resiliently elastic fashion at the distance of the free ends via sublengths (5′), and having a covering spring body (6) which firmly surrounds the push-on socket body (2) and has on diametrical wall sections a respective strip part (7, 7′) extending obliquely relative to the free ends over the flat sides of the contact lugs (5), the strip parts (7, 7′) being bent back relative to one another and in the push-on direction with their free ends by a sublength over the free ends of the contact lugs and bearing against the free ends of the contact lugs (5), characterized in that the strip parts (7, 7′) are constructed with a slightly smaller width than the width of the contact lugs (5) and bear in a pressing fashion against the free ends of the contact lugs (5) with a bias which is such as to support the contact force of the contact lugs (5).
  2. Flat push-on contact sockets according to Claim 1, characterized in that the covering spring body (6) and the strip parts (7, 7′) are constructed in one piece.
  3. Flat push-on contact sockets according to Claim 1, characterized in that the strip parts (7, 7′) are longitudinally slotted at least approximately up to the covering spring body (6) at the distance of the free ends.
  4. Flat push-on contact socket according to Claim 1, characterized in that the covering spring body (6) can be fixed on the socket body (2) by bending in sections (8) over edge strips of recesses (9) constructed in the socket body (2).
  5. Flat push-contact socket according to Claim 1, characterized in that the covering spring body (6) and the socket body (2) are firmly connected to one another by welding or soldering.
  6. Flat push-on contact sockets according to Claim 1, characterized in that the covering spring body (6) and the socket body (2) have axially identical recesses (10) for the penetration of a latching tongue constructed in a resiliently elastic fashion on the push-on socket housing.
EP91918265A 1990-11-09 1991-10-24 Spade contact socket Expired - Lifetime EP0510134B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4035613A DE4035613A1 (en) 1990-11-09 1990-11-09 FLAT CONTACT SOCKET
DE4035613 1990-11-09
PCT/EP1991/002018 WO1992009120A1 (en) 1990-11-09 1991-10-24 Spade contact socket

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0510134A1 EP0510134A1 (en) 1992-10-28
EP0510134B1 true EP0510134B1 (en) 1995-04-12

Family

ID=6417918

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91918265A Expired - Lifetime EP0510134B1 (en) 1990-11-09 1991-10-24 Spade contact socket

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US5288252A (en)
EP (1) EP0510134B1 (en)
JP (1) JP3188454B2 (en)
KR (1) KR100234517B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE121227T1 (en)
AU (1) AU652585B2 (en)
BR (1) BR9106064A (en)
DE (2) DE4035613A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2071337T3 (en)
WO (1) WO1992009120A1 (en)

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JP3119418B2 (en) * 1994-04-20 2000-12-18 矢崎総業株式会社 Terminal for waterproof connector
JP3216757B2 (en) * 1994-06-27 2001-10-09 矢崎総業株式会社 Terminal
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JP3093954B2 (en) * 1995-05-26 2000-10-03 矢崎総業株式会社 Female terminal fitting
US5658175A (en) * 1995-10-05 1997-08-19 Itt Corporation One-piece hooded socket contact and method of producing same
US6261134B1 (en) 1995-10-20 2001-07-17 Itt Manufacturing Enterprises, Inc. One-piece hooded socket contact and method of producing same
DE19611720C2 (en) * 1996-03-25 2000-05-31 Grote & Hartmann Flat spring arm contact element
DE19611698A1 (en) * 1996-03-25 1997-10-02 Siemens Ag Contact spring
JPH10255864A (en) * 1997-03-07 1998-09-25 Yazaki Corp Crimp terminal
DE29906652U1 (en) * 1999-04-15 2000-08-24 Bosch Gmbh Robert Spring arm contact element
US20070237661A1 (en) * 2006-04-05 2007-10-11 Tsun-Sheng Chen Hand-operated reciprocating pump
KR101598633B1 (en) * 2009-11-11 2016-02-29 타이코에이엠피 주식회사 Terminal for Connector
US9548553B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2017-01-17 Lear Corporation Terminal with front end protection
US9190756B2 (en) 2013-08-01 2015-11-17 Lear Corporation Electrical terminal assembly
US9142902B2 (en) 2013-08-01 2015-09-22 Lear Corporation Electrical terminal assembly
US9711926B2 (en) 2013-11-19 2017-07-18 Lear Corporation Method of forming an interface for an electrical terminal
US9905953B1 (en) 2016-09-30 2018-02-27 Slobodan Pavlovic High power spring-actuated electrical connector
DE102016125764A1 (en) * 2016-12-28 2018-06-28 Lear Corporation TWO-PIECE ELECTRIC CLEAN BODY CONNECTOR
CH716093B1 (en) 2018-02-26 2023-12-29 Royal Prec Products Llc Spring actuated electrical connector for heavy duty applications.
CN112956084B (en) 2018-06-07 2023-10-03 皇家精密制品有限责任公司 Electrical connector assembly with internal spring member
US11721942B2 (en) 2019-09-09 2023-08-08 Eaton Intelligent Power Limited Connector system for a component in a power management system in a motor vehicle
CN114787815A (en) 2019-09-09 2022-07-22 伊顿智能动力有限公司 Connector recording system with readable and recordable indicia
US11929572B2 (en) 2020-07-29 2024-03-12 Eaton Intelligent Power Limited Connector system including an interlock system

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DE3248078C2 (en) * 1982-12-24 1986-03-27 Grote & Hartmann Gmbh & Co Kg, 5600 Wuppertal Double flat spring contact with overspring
DE3502633C1 (en) * 1985-01-26 1986-04-30 Kabelwerke Reinshagen Gmbh, 5600 Wuppertal Electrical double flat spring contact
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DE3826670C2 (en) * 1988-08-05 1994-11-17 Framatome Connectors Int Flat contact socket

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE121227T1 (en) 1995-04-15
EP0510134A1 (en) 1992-10-28
WO1992009120A1 (en) 1992-05-29
AU652585B2 (en) 1994-09-01
KR100234517B1 (en) 1999-12-15
DE4035613A1 (en) 1992-05-14
US5288252A (en) 1994-02-22
BR9106064A (en) 1993-01-05
ES2071337T3 (en) 1995-06-16
AU8732891A (en) 1992-06-11
JP3188454B2 (en) 2001-07-16
DE59105181D1 (en) 1995-05-18
JPH05505493A (en) 1993-08-12

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