EP0508959B1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Löschen von durch einen unter Druck stehenden, hochentflammbaren Brennstoff genährten Bränden, insbesondere Bränden von Ölbohrungen - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Löschen von durch einen unter Druck stehenden, hochentflammbaren Brennstoff genährten Bränden, insbesondere Bränden von Ölbohrungen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0508959B1
EP0508959B1 EP92830034A EP92830034A EP0508959B1 EP 0508959 B1 EP0508959 B1 EP 0508959B1 EP 92830034 A EP92830034 A EP 92830034A EP 92830034 A EP92830034 A EP 92830034A EP 0508959 B1 EP0508959 B1 EP 0508959B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
container
extinguishing
fire
fires
compositions
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP92830034A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0508959A1 (de
Inventor
Tommaso Candelieri
Antonio Gerardi
Angelo Marino
Olindo Nifosi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Agenzia Nazionale per le Nuove Tecnologie lEnergia e lo Sviluppo Economico Sostenibile ENEA
Original Assignee
Agenzia Nazionale per le Nuove Tecnologie lEnergia e lo Sviluppo Economico Sostenibile ENEA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Agenzia Nazionale per le Nuove Tecnologie lEnergia e lo Sviluppo Economico Sostenibile ENEA filed Critical Agenzia Nazionale per le Nuove Tecnologie lEnergia e lo Sviluppo Economico Sostenibile ENEA
Publication of EP0508959A1 publication Critical patent/EP0508959A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0508959B1 publication Critical patent/EP0508959B1/de
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B35/00—Methods or apparatus for preventing or extinguishing fires
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C35/00—Permanently-installed equipment
    • A62C35/02—Permanently-installed equipment with containers for delivering the extinguishing substance
    • A62C35/10—Containers destroyed or opened by flames or heat

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of and an apparatus for putting out fires under pressure, in particular fires of oil wells and the like.
  • the main feature of such a system is that of using in combination the extinguishing effect of suitable compositions and the pressure wave directed to the fire so as to dispense instantaneously and homogeneously such compositions on the whole area on fire causing fire to extinguish at once.
  • the present invention seeks to solve the problem of easily and economically putting out fires under pressure avoiding the drawbacks involved by the present methods.
  • the object is attained by releasing at once a predetermined amount of an extinguishing composition or mixture of compositions at a suitable pressure and in such a position as to be effective against the fire.
  • a fire extinguisher comprising a container with halogen hydro-carbons as extinguishing means and adapted to open by an inner overpressure, in such a way that the gas generated by heating is released to fill the surrounding room and soffocate the fire.
  • the present method is based upon the combination of the extinguishing effect of the used compositions and the homogeneous, effective, instant distribution of said compositions over the whole front of the fire because of a shock wave.
  • both the shape and size of the container may be varied and fitted to the characteristics of the fire to be put out provided that the cone of diffusion formed as a result of the collapse is able to cover the whole front of the fire.
  • this invention consists according to claim 1 of a method of putting out fires fed by a pressurised medium having a high degree of inflammability, in particular fires of oil wells, wherein a shock wave is used to dispense an extinguishing composition at once and homogeneously over the whole front of the fire, the method including the use of a container of an extinguishing composition or with a mixture of extinguishing an/or inert compositions alone or in any combination with one another, said container being adapted to collapse at a predetermined break line relative to the shape of the container as a result of the increase of the internal pressure of the contained composition(s) due to the thermal gradient created by the fire to be put out, thereby creating said shock wave, whereby a preferential and effective distribution of said composition(s) over the front of the fire to be put out is obtained thus causing concurrently the fire to be put out.
  • the invention consists also of an apparatus according to claims 3 and 4 .
  • the empty container 4 is formed as a hemisphere 8 having walls of thickness d1 and a conical body 6 of thickness d2 overlapped thereto and provided at the top with a hook means 14.
  • the thicknesses d1 and d2 are designed as a function of the material of which the container is made so that the container collapses under the effect of the increasing pressure generated by the temperature gradient causing the expansion of the compositions contained therein and it releases at once and at a predetermined pressure the extinguishing mixture which is conveyed to the whole front of the fire.
  • the container may be formed of any material provided that it is uninflammable.
  • containers of aluminum and alloys thereof, copper and bronze have been used in the experimental tests.
  • the loading of the compositions to be used is carried out through common sealing input means 10 and 12 which are usually provided under safety conditions.
  • compositions having a very low boiling point i.e. under liquefied form.
  • halogen derivatives of methane and ethane in particular C2F5Cl, CHClF2, CCl2F2, CHF3, used alone or in combination with one another, at varying relative proportions and with or without liquid nitrogen which besides the extinguishing characteristic has also a propellant effect causing a more effective diffusion of the used compositions.
  • the putting out method according to the present invention is extremely easy and immediate: after having partially filled the container with the composition or mixture of extinguishing compositions, the sealed container is suitably placed over the fire by any known means.
  • the inner pressure of the container is quickly increased, and when the value determined by the characteristics of the material and by the thickness of the thinner walls is reached, the container collapses and spreads vapours of the contained compositions under pressure onto the fire through the broken sheet.
  • the collapse occurs at the lower portion of the container as the walls of the hemishere have a lower thickness than that of the overlapped conical body.
  • This upper part of the container above the predetermined break line remains integral after the collapse of the container and prevents the vapours from dissipating upwards so that said vapours are conveyed downwards to attack the flames and put fire out.
  • FIG. 2 An alternate embodiment of the device of the invention is shown in Figure 2.
  • the container has a spherical geometry without prejudice to the difference in the thicknesses d1 and d2 of the two hemispheres 8 and 8a, respectively, and has a predetermined break line at the section of largest diameter.

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  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)
  • Fats And Perfumes (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Ein Verfahren zur Löschung von Bränden, die von einem unter Druck befindlichen Medium mit hohem Grad an Entflammbarkeit gespeist werden, insbesondere von Bränden in Ölbohrungen, wobei eine Schockwelle zur sofortigen und homogenen Verteilung eineir Löschverbindung über die gesamte Feuerfront verwendet wird, wobei das Verfahren die Verwendung eines Containers einer Löschverbindung oder eines Löschgemisches und/oder einer Inertverbindung alleine oder in jeder Kombination miteinander umfaßt, wobei besagter Container derart ausgeführt ist, daß er bei einem vorbestimmten Druckwert gemäß einer vorbestimmten Sollbruchlinie bezüglich der Form des Containers als Resultat der Erhöhung des inneren Drucks der eingeschlossenen Verbindung(en) aufgrund des Temperaturgradienten, der durch das zu löschende Feuer erzeugt wird, kollabiert, wodurch besagte Schockwelle erzeugt wird, wobei eine bevorzugte und effektive Verteilung der besagten Verbindung(en) über die Front des zu löschenden Feuers erreicht wird, so daß das Feuer gleichzeitig gelöscht wird.
  2. Das Verfahren nach dem vorstehenden Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verbindung oder der Prozentanteil besagten Verbindungsgemisches, welches in besagtem Container enthalten ist, entsprechend den Merkmalen des zu lö-schenden Feuers gewählt ist.
  3. Vorrichtung zur Löschung von Bränden, die von einem unter Druck befindlichen Medium mit hohem Grad an Entflammbarkeit gespeist werden, insbesondere von Bränden in Ölbohrungen, mit einem Container, der Löschverbindungen enthält, wobei der Container von einer Form, Größe und einem Material ist, welche zum Kollabieren bei einem vorbestimmten inneren Druck, und nach dem Kollabieren zur sofortigen und homogenen Verteilung der Löschverbindungen geeignet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er eine Hemisphäre (8) umfaßt, an die ein konischer Körper (6) überlappt, wobei die Wände der Hemisphäre eine geringere Dicke (d1) als die Dicke (d2) der Wände des überlappenden Körpers haben, wobei das Kollabieren im unteren Bereich des Containers erfolgt.
  4. Vorrichtung zur Löschung von Bränden, die von einem unter Druck befindlichen Medium mit hohem Grad an Entflammbarkeit gespeist werden insbesondere von Bränden in Ölbohrungen, mit einem Container, der Löschverbindungen enthält, wobei der Container von einer Form, Größe und einem Material ist, welche zum Kollabieren bei einem vorbestimmten inneren Druck, und nach dem Kollabieren zur sofortigen und homogenen Verteilung der Löschverbindungen geeignet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Container eine sphärische Form hat, wobei er zwei Hemisphären (8, 8a) mit unterschiedlichen Wanddicken (d1,d2) umfaßt, und daß er eine vorbestimmte Sollbruchlinie (5') im Bereich des größten Durchmessers hat.
  5. Die Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Löschverbindungen zu der Klasse der Halogenderivaten, hauptsächlich Methan und Ethan mit Löscheigenschaften gehört.
  6. Die Vorrichtung nach Ansprüchen 3 oder 4 und 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verbindungen alleine oder in Kombination miteinander mit verschiedenen Verhältnissen oder als Beimischung zu flüssigen Inertverbindungen, wie beispielsweise flüssiger Stickstoff, verwendet werden.
  7. Die Vorrichtung nach Ansprüchen 3 oder 4 und folgenden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß nur eine Menge von Stickstoff oder anderen Inertgasen alleine oder miteinander zusammengemischt mit hoher Ausdehnungskapazität als Löschverbindung verwendet wird.
  8. Die Vorrichtung nach Ansprüchen 3 oder 4 und folgenden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß diese in einer Ummantelung eingeschlossen ist, die aus Metall oder anderen Materialien gefertigt ist, welche gegen die Betriebsbedingungen widerstandsfähig sind und ein derartiges Gittermuster haben, daß das Umherfliegen von Bruchteilen der Schicht um den gesamten Einsatzort herum vermieden wird.
  9. Die Vorrichtung nach Ansprüchen 3 oder 4 und folgenden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß diese aus nichtentflammbaren Material gefertigt ist.
  10. Die Vorrichtung nach Ansprüchen 3 oder 4 und folgenden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß diese Befüllungs- und Dichtungsmittel umfaßt, zur Befüllung des Containers mit Inertstoffen und/oder Löschflüssigkeiten unter sicheren Bedingungen.
EP92830034A 1991-04-09 1992-01-29 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Löschen von durch einen unter Druck stehenden, hochentflammbaren Brennstoff genährten Bränden, insbesondere Bränden von Ölbohrungen Expired - Lifetime EP0508959B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITRM910239 1991-04-09
ITRM910239A IT1245274B (it) 1991-04-09 1991-04-09 Metodo e dispositivo per l'estinzione di incendi con fiamme in pressione ,in particolare da pozzi petroliferi e simili

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0508959A1 EP0508959A1 (de) 1992-10-14
EP0508959B1 true EP0508959B1 (de) 1996-05-01

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92830034A Expired - Lifetime EP0508959B1 (de) 1991-04-09 1992-01-29 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Löschen von durch einen unter Druck stehenden, hochentflammbaren Brennstoff genährten Bränden, insbesondere Bränden von Ölbohrungen

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0508959B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE137561T1 (de)
CA (1) CA2054974A1 (de)
DE (1) DE69210301D1 (de)
IT (1) IT1245274B (de)
MX (1) MX9200454A (de)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112023295B (zh) * 2020-07-31 2021-06-29 中国南方电网有限责任公司超高压输电公司检修试验中心 一种用于变压器的火灾减灾系统以及方法

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3918526A (en) * 1971-12-09 1975-11-11 Kabo Kogyo Co Ltd Fire-extinguishing device
US3833064A (en) * 1972-08-01 1974-09-03 J Ranney Means for extinguishing fires
DK111279A (da) * 1979-03-19 1980-09-20 B P Sperling Selvvirkende trykloes ildslukker
US4337831A (en) * 1980-03-07 1982-07-06 Thaxton Darrel G Fire extinguishing apparatus for oil wells
FR2565495B1 (fr) * 1984-06-08 1989-02-17 Abg Semca Extincteur a decharge rapide
US4830114A (en) * 1987-07-17 1989-05-16 Future Fire Suppression, Inc. Self-activating fire extinguisher
FR2619014B1 (fr) * 1987-08-07 1991-08-16 Lemonnier Andre Procede de lutte contre l'incendie utilisant l'azote liquide comme agent d'extinction et vehicule de lutte contre les incendies mettant en oeuvre ce procede
DE4000010A1 (de) * 1989-01-06 1990-07-12 Franz Doerr Automatische feuerloeschvorrichtung
EP0390384A1 (de) * 1989-03-31 1990-10-03 Kidde-Graviner Limited Feuerlöscher

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0508959A1 (de) 1992-10-14
ITRM910239A1 (it) 1992-10-09
MX9200454A (es) 1992-10-01
ATE137561T1 (de) 1996-05-15
ITRM910239A0 (it) 1991-04-09
CA2054974A1 (en) 1992-10-10
IT1245274B (it) 1994-09-13
DE69210301D1 (de) 1996-06-05

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