EP0508838B1 - Moteur à fluide à mouvement alternatif, en particulier pour l'entraînement d'un balai d'essuie-glace - Google Patents

Moteur à fluide à mouvement alternatif, en particulier pour l'entraînement d'un balai d'essuie-glace Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0508838B1
EP0508838B1 EP92400273A EP92400273A EP0508838B1 EP 0508838 B1 EP0508838 B1 EP 0508838B1 EP 92400273 A EP92400273 A EP 92400273A EP 92400273 A EP92400273 A EP 92400273A EP 0508838 B1 EP0508838 B1 EP 0508838B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rack
piston
distributor
motor
motor according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP92400273A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0508838A1 (fr
Inventor
Edmond Faubeau
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Forges de Belles Ondes
Original Assignee
Forges de Belles Ondes
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP0508838A1 publication Critical patent/EP0508838A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0508838B1 publication Critical patent/EP0508838B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
    • F15B15/02—Mechanical layout characterised by the means for converting the movement of the fluid-actuated element into movement of the finally-operated member
    • F15B15/06—Mechanical layout characterised by the means for converting the movement of the fluid-actuated element into movement of the finally-operated member for mechanically converting rectilinear movement into non- rectilinear movement
    • F15B15/065—Mechanical layout characterised by the means for converting the movement of the fluid-actuated element into movement of the finally-operated member for mechanically converting rectilinear movement into non- rectilinear movement the motor being of the rack-and-pinion type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B1/00—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by number or relative disposition of cylinders or by being built-up from separate cylinder-crankcase elements
    • F01B1/08—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by number or relative disposition of cylinders or by being built-up from separate cylinder-crankcase elements with cylinders arranged oppositely relative to main shaft and of "flat" type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B9/00—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by connections between pistons and main shafts and not specific to preceding groups
    • F01B9/04—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by connections between pistons and main shafts and not specific to preceding groups with rotary main shaft other than crankshaft
    • F01B9/047—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by connections between pistons and main shafts and not specific to preceding groups with rotary main shaft other than crankshaft with rack and pinion

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a reciprocating fluid motor of the type which includes: a body in which a rack is slidably mounted; pressurized fluid means for driving in alternating translation of this rack; a pinion rotatably mounted in the body and adapted to cooperate with the rack; at least one output shaft of the motor driven in rotation by the pinion and a reversing device comprising a distributor for modifying the direction of action of the drive means at each end of travel of the rack; motor in which the pressurized fluid drive means comprise two pistons linked respectively to each end of the rack, and adapted to move each in an associated cylinder situated on either side of the body, the pinion being placed between the two pistons and the pressurized fluid being admitted alternately into one of the chambers of the cylinders opposite the rack.
  • a reciprocating fluid motor of the type which includes: a body in which a rack is slidably mounted; pressurized fluid means for driving in alternating translation of this rack; a pinion rotatably mounted in the body and adapted to cooperate
  • FR-A-1 518 064 describes a rotary control mechanism with pistons and racks comprising two pistons moving simultaneously in opposite directions by sliding on guide rods which pass through them in a sealed manner.
  • the invention relates more particularly, but not exclusively, to a reciprocating pneumatic motor intended for driving a wiper arm, in particular for high speed trains.
  • the object of the invention is, above all, to provide a reciprocating fluid motor, which develops a higher starting torque and power, under a given bulk, corresponding to that of current motors, in order to ensure correct drive.
  • the wiper arm when vehicles are traveling at high speed, in particular above 200 km / hour.
  • a reciprocating fluid motor of the kind defined above, is characterized in that the movement reversing device comprises, in each cylinder, a rod fixed at one end, in the body and passing through in a sliding and sealed manner a bore of the corresponding piston, a longitudinal pipe and transverse bores being provided in this rod so that at the active end of travel of the corresponding piston said pipe is placed in communication with the chamber in which the fluid under pressure, this pipe itself being in connection with conduits, provided in the body of the engine, suitable for admitting the fluid under pressure in a control circuit of a distributor which controls the supply and setting to exhaust cylinders, to cause reversal of movement.
  • the distributor comprises a sliding drawer and the control circuit of the distributor comprises, at each longitudinal end of the drawer, a chamber associated with one of said rods, chamber in which the pressurized fluid is admitted at the end of the rack race. in the proper sense, to cause the drawer to slide and reverse the movement.
  • the dispenser comprises an intermediate jacket in which the drawer slides, this jacket comprising, on its external surface, annular grooves spaced axially, each groove comprising several passage orifices distributed over its bottom, the sum of the sections of the orifices provided being substantially equal to the section of the inlet or outlet orifice provided in the body of the distributor, but the diameter of each of the orifices of the groove being more reduced.
  • Said liner may consist of a stack of elementary rings, each ring having a groove, a seal being disposed between two adjacent rings.
  • the seal is advantageously formed by a double O-ring comprising an outer O-ring part, the cross section of which has a relatively large diameter, and which is subjected to the tightening of the stack, and an O-ring part located radially inwards, whose cross section has a smaller diameter, and against which slide spans of the drawers, the inner toric part being connected, by a relatively flexible radial web, to the external toric part.
  • the distributor control circuit may include a fixed stop control device.
  • This device can be constituted by a fixed stop cylinder placed at the end of the distributor and in which a piston of section clearly greater than that of the drawer can slide, this piston comprising a pusher in abutment against the drawer, and being suitable for the subject to the action of the fluid under pressure, when the engine stop is commanded, so that said piston pushes the slide into a determined position corresponding to the shutdown of the arm wiper in a fixed position.
  • the rack can have a substantially semicircular section corresponding to a milled part of a rod of circular section whose cylindrical ends carry the above pistons, which are provided with a bore in their central part, crossed by the respective end of said rod.
  • the "primitive" plane of the rack contains the axis of the rack so that the thrust of the pistons is perfectly centered.
  • the rack slides in self-lubricating rings; the pinion is carried on each side by a bearing.
  • the cylinders, associated with each piston, are advantageously linked to the casing in a removable manner.
  • a damper device for the end of the piston stroke is advantageously provided on the bottom of the cylinder remote from the body of the engine; this damping device can be constituted by a finger, with frustoconical end, suitable for entering a blind housing from the end of the rack at the piston so as to create damping.
  • Figure 1 of these drawings is an elevational view for the left part and a vertical section along the line I-I of Figure 2, for the right part, of a pneumatic motor according to the invention.
  • Figure 2 is an axial section along the line II-II of Figure 1, on a reduced scale.
  • Figure 3 is a half-section of the engine along line III-III of Figure 2 showing the rods of the reversing device and half of the pistons, the distributor being further shown in axial section, and on a different scale .
  • FIG. 4 is a top view of the motor in FIG. 1.
  • Figure 5 is a section of an annular seal disposed between two elements of the distributor jacket.
  • a pneumatic motor M reciprocating, which comprises a body 1 in which is slidably mounted, parallel to the plane of Figure 1, and perpendicular to the plane of Figure 2, a rack 2 with which meshes a pinion 3 whose axis of rotation is orthogonal to the direction of movement of the rack.
  • Pneumatic means P for driving in alternating translation of the rack 2 are provided.
  • An output shaft 4 (see Figure 2) coaxial with the pinion 3 is rotated by the latter.
  • a reversing device C comprising a distributor D is provided for modifying the direction of action of the pneumatic drive means P at each end of travel of the rack 2.
  • This rack has a substantially semi-circular section corresponding to a milled central portion of a cylindrical rod, the ends 5a, 5b have a circular section.
  • the teeth 2a of the rack are provided on the flat face of the semi-circular section and extend perpendicularly to the direction of movement of the rack.
  • Rack 2 slides in rings self-lubricating such as 7 placed in the bore of the body 1 intended to receive the rack.
  • the drive means P comprise two pistons 6 a , 6 b linked to each end 5 a , 5 b of the rack. These ends have a diameter smaller than that of the rod in which the rack has been cut so that a radial shoulder 8 is formed.
  • Each piston includes a central bore 9 in which is engaged the respective end of the rack. The blocking in the axial direction of the piston against the shoulder 8 is ensured by an elastic split segment 10 anchored in a groove provided at the periphery of the corresponding end.
  • Each piston 6 a , 6 b is capable of moving in leaktight manner in an associated cylinder 11 a , 11 b .
  • the piston 6 a , 6 b can be made of plastic.
  • the "primitive" plane of the rack 2 contains the axis of the rack so that the thrust of the pistons 6 a , 6 b is perfectly centered.
  • the cylinders 11 a , 11 b are arranged on either side of the body 1 and are constituted by simple cylindrical envelopes.
  • the axial longitudinal vertical plane Q is a plane of symmetry for the engine, so that the description will only be made for the right part of the engine shown in FIG. 1.
  • the identical elements of the left-hand part will not be described and will simply be designated by the same reference numerals assigned with the letter b instead of the letter a used for the right-hand part.
  • the end of the cylindrical casing 11a, located toward the body 1, is received in a bore 12 a and abuts axially against the transverse bottom of this bore.
  • a seal 13 a is provided in an annular groove in the cylindrical wall of the bore 12 a so as to apply against the external surface of the casing 11 a .
  • the casing 11 a is received in the bore 14a (also equipped with a seal) of a bottom 15 maintained on the body 1 by screws 16a through holes provided in ears 17 a from the bottom 15 a , and screwed, at their other other end, into tapped holes 18 a in the body 1.
  • the cylinder 11 a is advantageously made of stainless steel. Its removable nature makes it easy to machine. It can be easily adapted to different strokes of the piston 6 a .
  • the bottom 15 a has, in its central part, towards the inside of the cylinder, a finger 19 a , with frustoconical end, mounted in an adjustable manner in the axial direction.
  • the end 5a of the rod has a blind hole 20 is provided, near its opening outwardly, an annular groove in which is provided an O-ring 21 a.
  • the finger 19 a is able to enter the blind hole 20 a , so that the air is expelled from it and escapes through space ring surrounding the finger 19 a , being braked.
  • the seal 21 has reached the cylindrical portion of larger diameter of the finger 19 a , a seal is established and an air mattress is trapped in the bottom of the blind hole 20 a . This dampens the end of the rack travel.
  • the pinion 3 is provided, on each side, with a cylindrical shoulder carried by a bearing 22, 23 mounted in the body 1.
  • the shaft 4 intended for driving the mechanism of the wiper arm extends from the pinion 3, of which it is integral, passing through a relatively long cylindrical sleeve 24 serving as guide to this shaft 4.
  • Another coaxial shaft 25 extends from the pinion 3, on the side opposite to the shaft 4, and is provided, at its outer end, with a crank 26 wedged in rotation on this shaft, allowing, if desired , to block the engine, in the event that an emergency wiper device is started.
  • the movement reversing device C shown in FIG. 3, comprises in each cylinder a rod 27 a , 27 b fixed by screwing a threaded end into a threaded hole in the body 1.
  • the two rods 27 a , 27 b are preferably coaxial, parallel to the axis of the cylinders 11 a , 11 b and offset radially relative to this axis.
  • the outer end of each rod 27 a , 27 b is received and held, in a sealed manner, in a bore 28 a , 28 b of the bottom 15 a , 15 b of the corresponding cylinder.
  • Each rod, such as 27 a slidably and sealingly passes through a bore 29 a of the corresponding piston.
  • a blind longitudinal duct 30a, opening at the end of the rod located in the body 1 is provided.
  • a diametral transverse bore 31 a passes through the rod 27 a near its blind end. The location of this hole 31 a is determined such that in the end of the active stroke of the piston 6a, which corresponds to the position shown in Figure 3, the bore 31a opens into the chamber 32 and the pipe 30 a is placed in communication with the chamber 32 a , located on the side opposite to the rack 2, into which the fluid under pressure is admitted.
  • Another diametral transverse hole 33 a is provided in a zone of reduced diameter of the rod 27 a so as to open out in a chamber 34 a of the body 1.
  • a conduit 35 a is provided in the body 1 to establish a connection between this chamber 34 a and a control circuit F of the distributor D which controls the supply and the setting the exhaust of the cylinders 11 a , 11 b .
  • the bottom 15 a has a passage 36 which opens out, on the one hand into the chamber 32 a and, on the other hand, into a bore 37 a , with an axis parallel to that of the cylinder 11 a , and located radially to the outside of this cylinder.
  • This bore 37 a receives, in a sealed manner, the end of a tube 38 a , the other end of which is received, also in a sealed manner, in a bore 39 a of the body 1.
  • This bore 39 a is extended by a hole blind 40 a .
  • a conduit 41 a opens into the hole 40 a in the vicinity of its closed end. This conduit 41 has established a connection between the hole 40 a and an orifice 42 a of the distributor D.
  • the distributor D comprises a sliding drawer 43 comprising three grooves axially separated and delimited by larger diameter spans 44, 45, 46 and 47.
  • the drawer 43 is suitable for sliding in an intermediate jacket 48 comprising on its outer surface five annular grooves 49 spaced axially.
  • Each groove 49 has several passage orifices 50, oriented radially, distributed over the bottom, the sum of the sections of the orifices 50 being substantially equal to the section of the supply orifice 51 or of the exhaust orifices 52, 53 provided in the body of the distributor D.
  • the diameter of each orifice 50 is less than that of the orifices 51, 52, 53 which makes it possible to reduce the length of the distributor as much, because the axial stacking makes intervene five grooves 49 and therefore five times the diameter of an orifice 50.
  • the jacket 48 is advantageously constituted by a stack of five elementary rings 54, each ring having a groove, while a seal 55 is arranged between the faces of two adjacent rings.
  • Each seal 55 as illustrated in FIG. 5, is advantageously formed by a double O-ring made of elastomeric material comprising an outer O-ring part 56 whose section has a relatively large diameter and which is subjected to the tightening of the stack of rings 54, and an O-ring portion 57 located radially inwards, the section of which has a smaller diameter.
  • the bearing surfaces 44-47 slide against the internal radial surface of the section 57.
  • This part 55 is connected by a radial web 58, of reduced thickness and relatively flexible to the external toric part 56. This flexibility facilitates sliding and reduces the risk of damage to the seal.
  • the drive circuit F includes, at each longitudinal end of the slide 43 a respective chamber 59, 59 b associated with the corresponding rod 27, 27b.
  • the pipe 35 a , 35 b provides the connection between the associated chamber 59 a , 59 b and the chamber 34 a , 34 b .
  • Each chamber 59 a, 59 b is defined by the transverse face of the end spans 44, 47 sealingly drawer which slide (with a seal) in the sleeves 60, 61 provided at each end of the stack constituting the shirt 48.
  • annular passage is provided all around the sleeves 60, 61 which have, at their ends, radial passages such as 64 for communicating the annular passage into which the pipe 35 a or 35 b, with the respective chamber, 59 a, 59 b.
  • the control circuit F further comprises a fixed stop control device 65 disposed at the end of the distributor D, on the left according to the representation in FIG. 3.
  • This device comprises a cylinder 66 fixed coaxially to the drawer D, on the cover 62.
  • This cover has, in its central part, an opening with a sleeve 67.
  • the bottom of the cylinder 66 has an orifice 68 intended to be connected to a pipe, not shown, which can be placed in communication either with an inlet pressurized fluid, either with the exhaust, usually the atmosphere.
  • This piston 69 is provided, on the side of the drawer, with a pusher 70 sliding in leaktight manner in the sleeve 67 and capable of coming to bear, by an end of smaller diameter, against the transverse face of the bearing surface 44 of the drawer 43.
  • a compression spring 71 is provided between the piston 69 and the cover 62.
  • the pusher 70 and the sleeve 67 are engaged in the turns of this spring 71, which is intended to possibly overcome an effect of adhesion or "sticking" of the seals provided on the plunger and the piston, on the surfaces cooperating with these seals.
  • valve spool 43 occupies the position corresponding to the lower half-cut of this same figure 3.
  • the orifice 68 is supplied with pressurized fluid.
  • the chamber 32 In this stop position of the engine, the chamber 32 is fed with fluid under pressure. Air pressure holds the piston 6a, and thus the drive shaft, in the end of cycle position.
  • the bore 31 a is uncovered and the pressurized fluid feeds the chamber 59 a , passing through the channel 30 a and the conduit 35 a .
  • the drawer 43 is prevented from moving, under the action of the pressure prevailing in the chamber 59 a , due to the pressure exerted on the piston 69, of larger diameter, by the pressurized air admitted through the orifice 68.
  • the engine therefore remains stationary.
  • the engine is started by venting the orifice 68.
  • the piston 69 and its pusher 70 move to the left of FIG. 3, under the action of the spring 71, and no longer exert, on the drawer 43, a thrust antagonistic to that exerted by the compressed air contained in the room 59 a .
  • the drawer 43 moves from right to left in Figure 3 to move to the position shown in the upper half-section.
  • the orifice 51 then supplies the orifice 42 b which, via the conduit 41 b of the blind hole 40 b and the tube 38 b , ensures the supply of the chamber 32 b .
  • the engine starts with displacement of the piston 6 b from left to right as shown in FIG. 3. This movement encounters no resistance from the other piston 6 a because the chamber 32 a is connected to the atmosphere by the conduit 41 a and the orifice 52.
  • the drawer 43 then moves to take the position shown in the lower half-part of FIG. 3 so as to supply the chamber 32 a and bring the chamber 32 b to the atmosphere.
  • the pressure acting on the piston 69 causes the locking of the slide 43 in the position shown in the lower half of Figure 3, with continued feeding of the chamber 32 with pressurized fluid.
  • the fixed stop position of the engine is therefore obtained in a determined position.
  • the reversal of this stop position can be obtained by reversing the mounting of the cover 63 and of the control device 65 comprising the parts 62, 66, 69 and 70.
  • the wiper arm will stop in a determined position, always the same.
  • a rolling can be provided on the exhaust of the cylinders 11 a , 11 b to adjust the speed of the rack.
  • the design of the fluid motor of the invention makes it possible, under a small footprint, to increase the power of the engine. At the level of the reversing device and of the distribution, there are practically no moving parts.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Actuator (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Frames (AREA)
  • Window Of Vehicle (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Motors (AREA)
EP92400273A 1991-04-11 1992-02-03 Moteur à fluide à mouvement alternatif, en particulier pour l'entraînement d'un balai d'essuie-glace Expired - Lifetime EP0508838B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9104429 1991-04-11
FR9104429A FR2675203A1 (fr) 1991-04-11 1991-04-11 Moteur a fluide a mouvement alternatif, en particulier pour l'entrainement d'un balai d'essuie-glace.
CA002105229A CA2105229A1 (fr) 1991-04-11 1993-08-31 Moteur a fluide a mouvement alternatif, en particulier pour l'entrainement d'un balai d'essuie-glace

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0508838A1 EP0508838A1 (fr) 1992-10-14
EP0508838B1 true EP0508838B1 (fr) 1994-12-28

Family

ID=25676597

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92400273A Expired - Lifetime EP0508838B1 (fr) 1991-04-11 1992-02-03 Moteur à fluide à mouvement alternatif, en particulier pour l'entraînement d'un balai d'essuie-glace

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0508838B1 (es)
AT (1) ATE116406T1 (es)
CA (1) CA2105229A1 (es)
DE (1) DE69200995T2 (es)
FR (1) FR2675203A1 (es)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107477042A (zh) * 2017-09-20 2017-12-15 沈阳东北电力调节技术有限公司 一种集成型旋转油缸

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2737157A (en) * 1952-06-21 1956-03-06 Gen Motors Corp Air operated piston and cylinder assembly
US3151533A (en) * 1961-08-01 1964-10-06 Cleveland Pneumatic Ind Inc Aircraft steering system
FR1518064A (fr) * 1966-03-05 1968-03-22 Norbro Eng Ltd Mécanismes rotatifs de commande
US4281588A (en) * 1979-06-18 1981-08-04 Sprague Devices, Inc. Reciprocating piston fluid powered motor
US4970944A (en) * 1985-02-07 1990-11-20 Conbraco Industries, Inc. Rotary actuator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE116406T1 (de) 1995-01-15
DE69200995T2 (de) 1995-07-27
DE69200995D1 (de) 1995-02-09
CA2105229A1 (fr) 1995-03-01
FR2675203A1 (fr) 1992-10-16
EP0508838A1 (fr) 1992-10-14
FR2675203B1 (es) 1995-03-10

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