EP0508734B1 - Keramisches Filter - Google Patents

Keramisches Filter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0508734B1
EP0508734B1 EP19920303092 EP92303092A EP0508734B1 EP 0508734 B1 EP0508734 B1 EP 0508734B1 EP 19920303092 EP19920303092 EP 19920303092 EP 92303092 A EP92303092 A EP 92303092A EP 0508734 B1 EP0508734 B1 EP 0508734B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
resonators
filter
coupling
filter according
resonator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19920303092
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0508734A1 (de
Inventor
Aimo Turunen
Pauli Näppä
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Pulse Finland Oy
Original Assignee
LK Products Oy
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from FI911796A external-priority patent/FI86673C/fi
Application filed by LK Products Oy filed Critical LK Products Oy
Publication of EP0508734A1 publication Critical patent/EP0508734A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0508734B1 publication Critical patent/EP0508734B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/20—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
    • H01P1/213—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters combining or separating two or more different frequencies
    • H01P1/2136—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters combining or separating two or more different frequencies using comb or interdigital filters; using cascaded coaxial cavities
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/20—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
    • H01P1/201—Filters for transverse electromagnetic waves
    • H01P1/205—Comb or interdigital filters; Cascaded coaxial cavities
    • H01P1/2056—Comb filters or interdigital filters with metallised resonator holes in a dielectric block

Definitions

  • This invention relates to ceramic filters comprising two or more transmission line resonators of the coaxial type.
  • a ceramic resonator comprises a basic structure, in which a hole is made in a ceramic block of a material with a high dielectric constant, e.g. titanate, the block having side surfaces, a top surface and a bottom surface, and the hole extending from the top surface to the bottom surface.
  • the surfaces of the block are coated, except for the top surface, with an electrically conducting material.
  • Circuit patterns are applied to the top surface, the circuits capacitively coupling a signal to the resonator and outputting the signal.
  • the structure forms a transmission line resonator whose resonant frequency is determined by the length of the hole, i.e. by the thickness of the block.
  • the length of the hole is dimensioned so that a transmission line resonator of a quarter-wave length is obtained.
  • Band-stop filters using ceramic technology became commercially available only recently. It is characteristic to all these known band-stop filters, that the filter is composed of separate resonators and a desired number of these coated separate resonator blocks are arranged in a row, whereby a band-stop filter is obtained with a desired bandwidth and center frequency.
  • each resonator block forms a draining circuit, and these draining circuits are then coupled in a series through inductive or reactive circuits, connecting the upper ends of the resonators using e.g. a separate transmission line length.
  • the isolation between the separate resonators is formed with the same coating, which forms an effective partition between the blocks.
  • Duplex filters are commonly used in radio transceivers which have a common antenna. Such filters comprise two individual band-pass filters, one being connected in the receiving branch and having a center frequency and a bandwidth corresponding to the receiving band, the other filter being connected in the transmission branch and having a center frequency and a bandwidth corresponding to the transmission band. Often the other ends of the filters are connected through a transmission line to the common antenna line. While the duplex filter often is located in a common housing with interfaces for the transmitter, the receiver and the antenna, in practice however it will be formed by two individual band-pass filters, because a very high isolation between the filters must be obtained so that their mutual electromagnetic leaks do not interfere with the operation.
  • These filters are made so that first the transmission branch band-pass filter and the receiving branch band-pass filter are made separately, each thus having interfaces for the antenna and for the receiver/transmitter.
  • the ceramic bodies of both filters are coated with a conductive layer on the side surfaces and on the bottom surface.
  • the finished filters are soldered onto a common support, that may be a board, a frame, or the like. At the same time the ceramic bodies are mutually fixed by soldering at the end faces. Soldering is possible, because the outer surfaces of the ceramic bodies are coated.
  • the antenna interfaces are joined into one interface, and so a duplex filter is obtained, virtually comprising a single block.
  • a disadvantage of all these filters assembled of separate blocks is that a filter made of many blocks requires a high production capacity, because every block is separately sintered and coated, and the blocks are electrically individually connected to each other, usually by soldering the connecting wires by hand. Further the separate blocks must be fastened to some mounting support in a mechanically reliable way. The electrical and mechanical connection of the blocks is a cumbersome and slow operation. In other words, the production capacity must be doubled compared to a situation where it would be possible to make the whole filter in a single ceramic block.
  • US patent 4,823,098, Motorola describes a monolithic ceramic filter with band-stop characteristics.
  • the filter comprises seven resonators located in the same ceramic block, of which three operate as a band-stop filter and the other as a band-pass filter.
  • the resonators in the band-stop section are interconnected via quarter-wave transmission lines.
  • the transmission lines invert the impedance of the resonators, so that the resonators generate zeros in the filter. It is stated in the publication, that by sawing it is possible to separate said three filters from the block and to coat the new side wall obtained in the cutting with conducting material, whereby the obtained filter operates as an independent band-stop filter with several zeros. It is not mentioned in the publication what influence the inductive coupling between the resonators, effected through the ceramics, has on the filter characteristic, but it seems probable that mutual coupling between the resonators makes it difficult to control the characteristics.
  • a filter comprising a body of dielectric material having at least two holes extending from a top to a bottom surface of the body; a conductive layer covering the major portion of the body and the interiors of the holes, except for one of the side faces of the body which is substantially uncoated so as to form at least two transmission line resonators; and an electrically conductive electrode pattern provided on the uncoated side of the body for providing electrical signal coupling to and from the resonators characterized in that at least one conductive region is provided on the uncoated side, the region extending between the top and bottom surfaces of the body between two of the at least two resonators and whereby the two resonators separated by said region are substantially electrically and magnetically isolated from each other.
  • the invention is based on the development of the resonator circuits described in the above mentioned European patent application.
  • a conducting area i.e., a coating on the surface of the uncoated side between the resonator circuits of a ceramic filter block
  • the electric and magnetic coupling between the resonators can be adjusted close to zero.
  • this conducting area is made in the form of a strip extending from the ceramic block bottom surface, where it is in contact with the conducting coating of the block, up to the upper surface of the side, an almost perfect electric and magnetic isolation is obtained between the resonators.
  • the conducting areas according to the invention provide in a sense an electric "partition" between the resonators.
  • a band-stop filter 1 according to a first embodiment the invention comprises three transmission line resonators A, B and C.
  • a bar-like block of ceramic material is provided with holes 21, 22 and 23 extending from the top surface 3 to the bottom surface of the block.
  • the holes, the bottom surface, the ends, and one side of the block are coated with conducting material, e.g. with a silver-copper compound.
  • the top surface 3 can also be coated, except for a narrow annular area around the upper edge of the holes 21, 22 and 23.
  • a circuit pattern 5 is applied with the aid of a mask on the uncoated side 4 of the block, the pattern including a strip around the edge of the uncoated side 4.
  • Contact points 9, 10 and 11 are also applied using the mask to the side 4 of each resonator.
  • Conducting areas 14 and 15, located between the resonators, are made with the same mask, the areas extending from the block bottom edge, where they join the strip extending along the bottom edge of the side 4, to the top edge of the block, where they join the strip extending along the top edge of the side 4.
  • the circuit pattern formed with the mask is shown by hatching.
  • the end surface of the block, being one of the coated surfaces, is also shown by hatching.
  • To the circuit pattern are connected the required components and wires for the coupling of signals to the filter, for interconnection of the resonators, and for outputting the signal from the filter.
  • the high frequency signal is input with wire IN to the connection point 9 at the middle of resonator A.
  • a block capacitor 6 is connected between this point 9 and the conducting strip at the bottom edge of the side 4.
  • the signal is coupled from resonator A via the connecting wire 12 to the connection point 10 of second resonator B, which is also connected to the strip at the bottom edge of the uncoated side 4 of the side through a block capacitor 7.
  • the connecting wire 12 represents a defined inductance.
  • the resonator B is connected to the resonator C with a wire 13 representing an inductance, and the connection point 11 is connected to the strip at the bottom edge of the uncoated side 4 through a block capacitor 8.
  • the signal is then outputted from the point 11 and out from the filter 1 along the conductor OUT.
  • the side of the block is covered with a metallic protecting cover, so that a small gap is left between the cover and the side surface.
  • the coupling between the resonators can be increased in that the conducting area between the resonators is shortened, as in the area 14 between the resonators A and B, or the conducting area is narrowed, as is made in the area 15 between the resonators B and C. It is also possible to use a combination of these.
  • Figure 3 shows the actual measured attenuation curve for a band-stop filter manufactured according to the invention in a single ceramic block.
  • the realized filter is particularly intended to attenuate the frequency band 890 - 915 MHz, which is the transmission bandwidth of the European digital mobile phone system known as GSM, the filter being suited e.g. for use in the receiving branch in connection with the antenna filter.
  • the curve I being an attenuation curve, shows that the attenuation is high, more than 40 dB between the markers 1 and 2 constituting said frequency band, and thereafter the attenuation rapidly approaches zero. This is advantageous in that the transmitter frequency will not reach the receiver.
  • the curve II shows the matching of the filter.
  • a duplex filter 100 is based on a single monolithic ceramic block 103 with parallel holes R1, R2, R3, R4 and T1, T2, T3 extending from the top surface 102 to the bottom surface. All surfaces of the block, except the top surface 102 and the side 105 shown in Figure 4, are entirely coated with an electrically conductive material 104. The internal walls of the holes R1-R4;T1-T3 are also coated, these coatings joining the coating on the bottom. Thus in a known way seven transmission line resonators are formed. The interface to the resonators is accomplished by providing circuit patterns on the uncoated side 105 using a mask, the circuit patterns being formed by conductive areas having a defined shape.
  • circuit patterns form for example the conductive areas illustrated in the Figure 4 by hatching, the areas having conductive strips 107 at the top of uncoated side 105 and conductive strips 106 at the bottom of uncoated side 105.
  • the pattern includes contact points, 111,113,115,117 where connections are made for the signal wire ANT to the antenna, for the conductor Rx to the receiver and for the conductor Tx to the transmitter.
  • block components can also be used; for example the antenna contact point 113 may be connected not only to the transmission line, but also through the block capacitor 108 to the conductive strip 106 at the bottom edge of side 105.
  • These circuit patterns are only intended to illustrate the use of circuit patterns on the uncoated side 105 of the ceramic block. Their number, size, and characteristics, and the possible discrete components, will vary according to the characteristics which are desired for the filter.
  • the duplex filter is manufactured using a mask in accordance with the method described in more detail in the above mentioned European Patent Application, as is the coupling between the resonators and thus it is not necessary to describe in further detail the provision of the patterns with the aid of a mask.
  • a conductive strip 109 extends from the conductive strip 106 at the lower edge of the side 105 to the conductive strip 107 at the upper edge of the side 105, and which is located exactly between the resonators R4 and T1. As described above, this strip 109 causes the capacitive and the inductive coupling to cancel each other out, in other words the coupling between the resonators will be almost zero. In a sense an "electric partition" is formed between the resonators. Due to this two separate filters are formed in the same monolithic ceramic block: the filter D comprising the resonators R1, R2, R3, R4, and the filter E, comprising the resonators T1, T2, T3.
  • Filter D is the band-pass filter of the receiver branch
  • filter E is the band-pass filter of the transmitter branch. While these filters are on the same ceramic block, they do not interfere with each others operation, because the electric partition provides an almost complete isolation between them.
  • the only connection between them is the jumper connection 110 between points 113 and 115 that connects the transmitter branch filter to the antenna interface.
  • the side 105 containing the circuit patterns and the interfaces is covered with a conductive cover, whereby the ceramic block is substantially entirely enclosed by a conductive layer.
  • the conductive area providing the electrical partition is a continuous strip extending from the lower surface of the side to the upper surface, the width of which has an influence of the separation provided by the electric partition, and thus it is possible to obtain a desired value of coupling between the resonators by varying its width.
  • the conductive strip could have an interruption, a non-conductive area of a defined length as described in connection with the first embodiment. This interruption is preferably closer to the lower edge of the side 105, where the inductive coupling is at its highest.
  • the interruption enables the realization of the strip 109 as a strip line directly on the wall surface. This interruption also has an effect on the coupling between adjacent resonators R4 and T1 of the filters D and E.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Filter (1, 100), enthaltend:
    - einen Körper aus dielektrischem Material mit wenigstens zwei Löchern (2, R, T), die sich von einer oberen Fläche (3, 102) bis zu einer Bodenfläche des Körpers erstrecken;
    - eine leitende Schicht (104), die im wesentlichen den Körper und das Innere der Löcher bedeckt mit Ausnahme einer der Seitenflächen (4, 105) des Körpers, die im wesentlichen unbedeckt ist. um auf diese Weise wenigstens zwei Übertragungsleitungsresonatoren zu erhalten; und
    - ein elektrisch leitendes Elektrodenmuster auf der unbedeckten Seite des Körpers, um elektrische Signale in die Resonatoren ein- oder aus diesen auskoppeln zu können,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß auf der unbedeckten Seite wenigstens ein leitender Bereich (14, 15, 109) vorhanden ist, der sich zwischen der oberen Fläche und der Bodenfläche des Körpers sowie zwischen zwei der wenigstens zwei Resonatoren erstreckt, derart, daß die beiden durch diesen Bereich getrennten Resonatoren in hohem Maße elektrisch und magnetisch gegeneinander isoliert sind.
  2. Filter nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die unbedeckte Seite an ihren der oberen Fläche und der Bodenfläche benachbarten Rändern mit leitenden Streifen (5, 106, 107) versehen und der leitende Bereich mit jedem seiner Enden mit diesen Streifen verbunden ist.
  3. Filter nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der leitende Bereich eine Diskontinuität aufweist, um eine gewisse magnetische und elektrische Kopplung zwischen den beiden Resonatoren zu erhalten.
  4. Filter nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der leitende Bereich eine solche Breite aufweist, daß eine gewisse magnetische und elektrische Kopplung zwischen den beiden Resonatoren erhalten wird.
  5. Filter nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der leitende Bereich eine solche Abmessung und Form aufweist, daß die magnetische und die elektrische Kopplung zwischen den Resonatoren im wesentlichen Null ist.
  6. Filter nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche mit einer metallischen äußeren Abdeckung.
  7. Filter nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es als Bandsperrfilter (1) mit wenigstens zwei Resonatoren (A, B, C) ausgebildet ist, wobei ein leitender Bereich zwischen jedem Loch vorhanden ist.
  8. Filter nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine induktive Kopplung zwischen jedem Resonator durch Kopplungsmittel (12, 13) erhalten wird, die die leitenden Bereiche überbrücken.
  9. Filter nach Anspruch 7 oder 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine kapazitive Kopplung (6, 7, 8) zwischen jedem Resonator und dem unteren leitenden Streifen vorhanden ist.
  10. Filter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Filter ein Duplexfilter (100) mit wenigstens einem Resonator (R), der einen ersten Zweig (D) des Duplexfilters bildet, und wenigstens einem Resonator (T), der einen zweiten Zweig (E) des Duplexfilters bildet, ist, wobei der leitende Bereich zwischen dem ersten und dem zweiten Zweig vorhanden ist, um beide Zweige in hohem Maße elektrisch und magnetisch gegeneinander zu isolieren.
EP19920303092 1991-04-12 1992-04-08 Keramisches Filter Expired - Lifetime EP0508734B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI911797 1991-04-12
FI911797A FI87853C (fi) 1991-04-12 1991-04-12 Keramiskt spaerrfilter
FI911796 1991-04-12
FI911796A FI86673C (fi) 1991-04-12 1991-04-12 Keramiskt duplexfilter.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0508734A1 EP0508734A1 (de) 1992-10-14
EP0508734B1 true EP0508734B1 (de) 1995-12-13

Family

ID=26158937

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19920303092 Expired - Lifetime EP0508734B1 (de) 1991-04-12 1992-04-08 Keramisches Filter

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0508734B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH05102705A (de)
AU (1) AU1398292A (de)
CA (1) CA2065207A1 (de)
DE (1) DE69206661T2 (de)
DK (1) DK0508734T3 (de)
FI (1) FI87853C (de)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6008707A (en) * 1993-11-18 1999-12-28 Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Antenna duplexer
JP3230353B2 (ja) * 1993-11-18 2001-11-19 株式会社村田製作所 アンテナ共用器

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6152003A (ja) * 1984-08-21 1986-03-14 Murata Mfg Co Ltd 誘電体フイルタ
JPH0713284Y2 (ja) * 1987-09-21 1995-03-29 株式会社村田製作所 一体成形型誘電体フィルタの共振周波数調整構造
JPH01103001A (ja) * 1987-10-15 1989-04-20 Murata Mfg Co Ltd 誘電体フィルタ
US5103197A (en) * 1989-06-09 1992-04-07 Lk-Products Oy Ceramic band-pass filter

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2065207A1 (en) 1992-10-13
FI87853C (fi) 1993-02-25
FI911797A0 (fi) 1991-04-12
DE69206661D1 (de) 1996-01-25
EP0508734A1 (de) 1992-10-14
AU1398292A (en) 1992-10-15
DE69206661T2 (de) 1996-05-30
FI87853B (fi) 1992-11-13
DK0508734T3 (da) 1996-01-22
JPH05102705A (ja) 1993-04-23

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