EP0508000A1 - Method for coating metal - Google Patents

Method for coating metal Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0508000A1
EP0508000A1 EP91250093A EP91250093A EP0508000A1 EP 0508000 A1 EP0508000 A1 EP 0508000A1 EP 91250093 A EP91250093 A EP 91250093A EP 91250093 A EP91250093 A EP 91250093A EP 0508000 A1 EP0508000 A1 EP 0508000A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
liquid
wetted
contact points
substances
phosphate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP91250093A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Harald Genest
Achime Böhme
Bernhard Kurze
Ralph Krause
Manfred Szellatis
Manfred Jung
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
KAI E.V.
Original Assignee
KAI eV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by KAI eV filed Critical KAI eV
Priority to EP91250093A priority Critical patent/EP0508000A1/en
Publication of EP0508000A1 publication Critical patent/EP0508000A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M103/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being an inorganic material
    • C10M103/06—Metal compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C22/73—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals characterised by the process
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C26/00—Coating not provided for in groups C23C2/00 - C23C24/00
    • C23C26/02—Coating not provided for in groups C23C2/00 - C23C24/00 applying molten material to the substrate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/08—Inorganic acids or salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/08—Inorganic acids or salts thereof
    • C10M2201/081—Inorganic acids or salts thereof containing halogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/08—Inorganic acids or salts thereof
    • C10M2201/082—Inorganic acids or salts thereof containing nitrogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/08—Inorganic acids or salts thereof
    • C10M2201/084—Inorganic acids or salts thereof containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/085—Phosphorus oxides, acids or salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/087—Boron oxides, acids or salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/04—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to an alcohol or ester thereof; bound to an aldehyde, ketonic, ether, ketal or acetal radical
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/06—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to an acyloxy radical of saturated carboxylic or carbonic acid
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/06—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to an acyloxy radical of saturated carboxylic or carbonic acid
    • C10M2209/062—Vinyl esters of saturated carboxylic or carbonic acids, e.g. vinyl acetate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/24—Metal working without essential removal of material, e.g. forming, gorging, drawing, pressing, stamping, rolling or extruding; Punching metal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/241—Manufacturing joint-less pipes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/242—Hot working
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/243—Cold working
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/244—Metal working of specific metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/244—Metal working of specific metals
    • C10N2040/245—Soft metals, e.g. aluminum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/244—Metal working of specific metals
    • C10N2040/246—Iron or steel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/244—Metal working of specific metals
    • C10N2040/247—Stainless steel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
    • C10N2050/015—Dispersions of solid lubricants
    • C10N2050/02—Dispersions of solid lubricants dissolved or suspended in a carrier which subsequently evaporates to leave a lubricant coating

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of metallurgy.
  • the application of the invention is possible and expedient in the conductive heating of strand-like metallic material for the purpose of surface treatment of the material, e.g. B. the coating with a lubricant, lubricant carrier or with a protective coating against corrosion, and z. B. a subsequent forming.
  • the method is particularly suitable for applying corrosion protection layers, lubricant carriers and / or solid lubricants from a dispersion or solution to the metallic material, for example to wires, rods, rods or pipes which are to be provided with such a coating.
  • the aim of the invention is to provide strand-like metallic material with thin solid layers in an economically advantageous manner in the course of a surface treatment, in order thereby to produce a lubricant layer or a protective coating against corrosion and at the same time to prevent thermal damage to the material surface during conductive heating.
  • the invention has for its object to design a method for surface treatment by the thermal deposition of thin layers of solid on strand-like material so that thermal damage to the material surface, z. B. due to local overheating or sparking martensite formation, excluded and the wear of current-transmitting system parts is significantly reduced.
  • This object is achieved in that the contact points between the material to be conductively heated and the parts of the system to be supplied with current are produced by an electrolytic liquid which contains dissolved or dispersed solids. are wetted, and that the separable substances present in the wetting liquid are deposited on the material surface as a thin solid layer by a drying process immediately after leaving the contact point on the outlet side.
  • the contact points can be wetted by dropping, spraying, rinsing or flooding with the liquid or by immersing them in the liquid and / or by conveying the liquid into the contact zone using material previously wetted therewith.
  • aqueous solutions of salts such as sodium tetraborate, sodium phosphate, sodium hydrogen phosphate, iron phosphate, zinc phosphate, zinc sulfate, copper sulfate, sodium oxalate or of other electrolytes or electrolyte mixtures with or without the addition of wetting agents or dispersing agents, such as polyvinyl alcohol or polyethylene oxide adducts, as the wetting liquid.
  • wetting agents or dispersing agents such as polyvinyl alcohol or polyethylene oxide adducts
  • Water with a natural hardness content can also be used as the wetting liquid.
  • the layer thickness of the substances deposited on the surface of the metallic material passing through can be regulated by the concentration of the substances in the wetting liquid and / or by the electrical power supplied to the contact points and / or by the material temperature on the outlet side.
  • Steel wire of quality D73 with a diameter of 5.5 mm is conductively heated at a speed of 1.18 m / s and an electrical output of 12 kW.
  • the power supply rollers are sprayed with an aqueous solution which contains 12% by mass of sodium tetraborate and 0.32% by mass of polyvinyl alcohol.
  • a closed, uniform solid layer of jewelery borax with a layer mass of 4 ... 5 g.m ⁇ 2 is deposited on the wire surface.
  • the wire can now either be formed in the conventional way or previously coated with a lubricant dispersion.
  • this wire were heated continuously in the usual way with an electrical output of 10 ... 15 kW, it would occur at the contact points between the power supply system parts (power supply rollers) and the wire to be heated due to high contact resistance for sparking or arcing.
  • the wire surface is locally heated to such an extent that, during the subsequent cooling, martensitic structures are formed which, because of their hardness, severely hinder subsequent forming and thus lead to a reduction in quality or even rejection of the material.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The method relates to the field of metallurgy and can be applied in the conductive heating of billet-type metallic material for the purpose of surface treatment, for example to coat it with a lubricating agent. The object of the invention is to avoid the thermal damage to the material surface which normally occurs in conductive heating as a consequence of spark formation or local overheating and to markedly reduce the wear on the current-carrying parts of the system. For this purpose, the contact points between the material to be conductively heated and the parts of the system which are to carry the current are wetted with an electrolytic liquid containing dissolved or dispersed solids. The depositable substances in the liquid are deposited as a thin solid layer on the material surface by drying immediately after leaving the contact point.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf das Gebiet der Metallurgie. Die Anwendung der Erfindung ist möglich und zweckmäßig bei der konduktiven Erwärmung von strangförmigem metallischem Material zum Zweck einer Oberflächenbehandlung des Materials, z. B. des Beschichtens mit einem Schmiermittel, Schmiermittelträger oder mit einem vor Korrosion schützenden Überzug, und z. B. einer nachfolgenden Umformung.The invention relates to the field of metallurgy. The application of the invention is possible and expedient in the conductive heating of strand-like metallic material for the purpose of surface treatment of the material, e.g. B. the coating with a lubricant, lubricant carrier or with a protective coating against corrosion, and z. B. a subsequent forming.

Das Verfahren eignet sich besonders zum Aufbringen von Korrosionsschutzschichten, Schmiermittelträgern und/oder Festschmierstoffen aus einer Dispersion oder Lösung auf das metallische Material, beispielsweise auf Drähte, Stangen, Stäbe oder Rohre, die mit einem derartigen Überzug versehen werden sollen.The method is particularly suitable for applying corrosion protection layers, lubricant carriers and / or solid lubricants from a dispersion or solution to the metallic material, for example to wires, rods, rods or pipes which are to be provided with such a coating.

Es sind Verfahren und Vorrichtungen bekannt, bei denen metallisches Material im Durchlauf konduktiv über den gesamten Querschnitt bzw. über das gesamte Volumen auf eine Temperatur erwärmt wird, die mindestens 10 K über der Temperatur des anschließend aufzubringenden Beschichtungsmittels und die um höchstens 200 K über dessen Siedetemperatur liegt. Findet eine derartige konduktive Erwärmung mit trockenen Kontaktstellen zwischen stromzuführenden Teilen und dem zu erwärmenden Material statt, kommt es dort in der Regel zu einer unkontrollierten Funkenbildung. Dadurch wird die Qualität des zu erwärmenden Materials beeinträchtigt. Speziell bei Material mit höherem Kohlenstoffgehalt kommt es an den funkengeschädigten Oberflächenbereichen zur Ausbildung von Martensit, der eine nachfolgende Umformung sehr erschwert bzw. unmöglich macht. Ferner tritt ein hoher Verschleiß der Kontaktelemente (Rollen- oder Schleifkontakte) auf.Methods and devices are known in which metallic material is conductively heated to a temperature which is at least 10 K above the temperature of the coating agent to be subsequently applied and which is at most 200 K above its boiling temperature in the course of the entire cross-section or the entire volume lies. If such conductive heating takes place with dry contact points between live parts and the material to be heated, There is usually an uncontrolled spark formation there. This affects the quality of the material to be heated. In the case of material with a higher carbon content in particular, martensite is formed on the surface areas damaged by sparks, which makes subsequent forming very difficult or impossible. Furthermore, there is a high degree of wear on the contact elements (roller or sliding contacts).

Das Ziel der Erfindung besteht darin, strangförmiges metallisches Material im Zuge einer Oberflächenbehandlung auf ökonomisch vorteilhafte Weise mit dünnen Feststoffschichten zu versehen, um dadurch eine Schmiermittelschicht oder einen vor Korrosion schützenden Überzug zu erzeugen und gleichzeitig eine thermische Schädigung der Materialoberfläche bei konduktiver Erwärmung zu unterbinden.The aim of the invention is to provide strand-like metallic material with thin solid layers in an economically advantageous manner in the course of a surface treatment, in order thereby to produce a lubricant layer or a protective coating against corrosion and at the same time to prevent thermal damage to the material surface during conductive heating.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zur Oberflächenbehandlung durch die thermische Abscheidung von dünnen Feststoffschichten auf strangförmigem Material so zu gestalten, daß bei der konduktiven Erwärmung des durchlaufenden Materials eine thermische Schädigung der Materialoberfläche, z. B. durch lokale Überhitzung bzw. Funkenbildung bedingte Martensitbildung, ausgeschlossen und der Verschleiß stromübertragender Anlagenteile deutlich gesenkt wird.The invention has for its object to design a method for surface treatment by the thermal deposition of thin layers of solid on strand-like material so that thermal damage to the material surface, z. B. due to local overheating or sparking martensite formation, excluded and the wear of current-transmitting system parts is significantly reduced.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß die Kontaktstellen zwischen dem konduktiv zu erwärmenden Material und den stromzuführenden Anlagenteilen durch eine elektrolytische Flüssigkeit, die gelöste oder dispergierte Feststoffe enthält, benetzt werden, und daß die in der benetzenden Flüssigkeit vorliegenden abscheidbaren Substanzen durch einen Trockenprozeß unmittelbar nach Verlassen der ausgangsseitigen Kontaktstelle als dünne Feststoffschicht auf der Materialoberfläche abgeschieden werden.This object is achieved in that the contact points between the material to be conductively heated and the parts of the system to be supplied with current are produced by an electrolytic liquid which contains dissolved or dispersed solids. are wetted, and that the separable substances present in the wetting liquid are deposited on the material surface as a thin solid layer by a drying process immediately after leaving the contact point on the outlet side.

Die Benetzung der Kontaktstellen kann dabei durch Betropfen, Besprühen, Umspülen oder Fluten mit der Flüssigkeit oder durch Eintauchen in die Flüssigkeit und/oder durch Hineinfördern der Flüssigkeit in die Kontaktzone durch vorher damit benetztes Material erfolgen.The contact points can be wetted by dropping, spraying, rinsing or flooding with the liquid or by immersing them in the liquid and / or by conveying the liquid into the contact zone using material previously wetted therewith.

Es ist zweckmäßig, als benetzende Flüssigkeit wäßrige Lösungen von Salzen wie Natriumtetraborat, Natriumphosphate, Natriumhydrogenphosphate, Eisenphosphat, Zinkphosphat, Zinksulfat, Kupfersulfat, Natriumoxalat oder von anderen Elektrolyten oder Elektrolytgemischen mit oder ohne Zusatz von Netzmitteln oder Dispergatoren, wie Polyvinylalkohol oder Polyethylenoxidaddukte, zu verwenden. Als benetzende Flüssigkeit kann auch Wasser mit einem natürlichen Gehalt an Härtebildnern (Trinkwasser oder Brauchwasser) verwendet werden.It is expedient to use aqueous solutions of salts such as sodium tetraborate, sodium phosphate, sodium hydrogen phosphate, iron phosphate, zinc phosphate, zinc sulfate, copper sulfate, sodium oxalate or of other electrolytes or electrolyte mixtures with or without the addition of wetting agents or dispersing agents, such as polyvinyl alcohol or polyethylene oxide adducts, as the wetting liquid. Water with a natural hardness content (drinking water or process water) can also be used as the wetting liquid.

Nach weiteren zweckmäßigen Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung kann die Schichtdicke der auf der Oberfläche des durchlaufenden metallischen Materials abgeschiedenen Substanzen durch die Konzentration der Substanzen in der benetzenden Flüssigkeit und/oder durch die den Kontaktstellen zugeführte elektrische Leistung und/oder durch die ausgangsseitige Materialtemperatur geregelt werden.According to further expedient embodiments of the invention, the layer thickness of the substances deposited on the surface of the metallic material passing through can be regulated by the concentration of the substances in the wetting liquid and / or by the electrical power supplied to the contact points and / or by the material temperature on the outlet side.

Das nun folgende Beispiel erläutert die Erfindung. The following example explains the invention . Beispielexample

Stahldraht der Qualität D73 mit einem Durchmesser von 5.5 mm wird mit einer Geschwindigkeit von 1.18 m/s und einer elektrischen Leistung von 12 kW im Durchlauf konduktiv erwärmt. Dabei werden die Stromzuführungsrollen mit einer wäßrigen Lösung, die 12 Masse-% Natriumtetraborat und 0.32 Masse-% Polyvinylalkohol enthält, besprüht. Damit wird auf der Drahtoberfläche eine geschlossene, gleichmäßige Feststoffschicht Juwelierborax mit einer Schichtmasse von 4...5 g.m⁻² abgeschieden. Der Draht kann nun entweder nach herkömmlicher Art umgeformt oder vorher noch mit einer Schmiermitteldispersion beschichtet werden.Steel wire of quality D73 with a diameter of 5.5 mm is conductively heated at a speed of 1.18 m / s and an electrical output of 12 kW. The power supply rollers are sprayed with an aqueous solution which contains 12% by mass of sodium tetraborate and 0.32% by mass of polyvinyl alcohol. A closed, uniform solid layer of jewelery borax with a layer mass of 4 ... 5 g.m⁻² is deposited on the wire surface. The wire can now either be formed in the conventional way or previously coated with a lubricant dispersion.

Würde dieser Draht in bisher üblicher Weise mit einer elektrischen Leistung von 10...15 kW im Durchlauf kontinuierlich erwärmt, so käme es an den Kontaktstellen zwischen den stromzuführenden Anlagenteilen (Stromzuführungsrollen) und dem zu erwärmenden Draht aufgrund hoher Übergangswiderstände zur Funken- oder Lichtbogenbildung. Dabei wird die Drahtoberfläche lokal so stark erhitzt, daß sich bei der nachfolgenden Abkühlung martensitische Strukturen ausbilden, die wegen ihrer Härte eine nachfolgende Umformung stark behindern und somit zu einer Qualitätsminderung oder sogar zum Ausschuß des Materials führen.If this wire were heated continuously in the usual way with an electrical output of 10 ... 15 kW, it would occur at the contact points between the power supply system parts (power supply rollers) and the wire to be heated due to high contact resistance for sparking or arcing. The wire surface is locally heated to such an extent that, during the subsequent cooling, martensitic structures are formed which, because of their hardness, severely hinder subsequent forming and thus lead to a reduction in quality or even rejection of the material.

Durch die Anwendung der Erfindung werden derartig hohe Übergangswiderstände ausgeschlossen und eine gleichbleibende Materialqualität gesichert.Such high contact resistances are excluded by the application of the invention and a constant material quality is ensured.

Claims (4)

Verfahren zur Oberflächenbehandlung durch eine thermische Abscheidung von in wäßrigen Lösungen oder Dispersionen vorliegenden Substanzen in Form dünner Feststoffschichten auf konduktiv erwärmtem, strangförmigem, metallischem Material, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kontaktstellen zwischen dem konduktiv zu erwärmenden Material und den stromzuführenden Anlagenteilen durch eine elektrolytische Flüssigkeit, die gelöste oder dispergierte Feststoffe enthält, benetzt werden, und daß die in der benetzenden Flüssigkeit vorliegenden abscheidbaren Substanzen durch einen Trockenprozeß unmittelbar nach Verlassen der ausgangsseitigen Kontaktstelle als dünne Feststoffschicht auf der Materialoberfläche abgeschieden werden.Process for surface treatment by thermal deposition of substances present in aqueous solutions or dispersions in the form of thin layers of solid on conductively heated, strand-like, metallic material, characterized in that the contact points between the material to be conductively heated and the parts of the system to be supplied with current are produced by an electrolytic liquid which contains dissolved or dispersed solids, are wetted, and that the separable substances present in the wetting liquid are deposited as a thin solid layer on the material surface by a drying process immediately after leaving the contact point on the exit side. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Benetzung der Kontaktstellen durch Betropfen, Besprühen, Umspülen oder Fluten mit der Flüssigkeit oder durch Eintauchen in die Flüssikgeit und/oder durch Hineinfördern der Flüssigkeit in die Kontaktzone durch vorher damit benetztes Material erfolgt.A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the contact points are wetted by dropping, spraying, rinsing or flooding with the liquid or by immersion in the liquid and / or by conveying the liquid into the contact zone by material previously wetted therewith. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als benetzende Flüssigkeit wäßrige Lösungen von Salzen wie Natriumtetraborat, Natriumphosphate, Natriumhydrogenphosphate, Eisenphosphat, Zinkphosphat, Zinksulfat, Kupfersulfat, Natriumoxalat oder von anderen Elektrolyten oder von Elektrolytgemischen mit oder ohne Zusatz von Netzmitteln oder Dispergatoren, wie Polyvinylalkohol oder Polyethylenoxidaddukte, verwendet werden.A method according to claim 1, characterized in that as the wetting liquid aqueous solutions of salts such as sodium tetraborate, sodium phosphate, sodium hydrogen phosphate, iron phosphate, zinc phosphate, zinc sulfate, copper sulfate, sodium oxalate or of other electrolytes or of electrolyte mixtures with or without the addition of wetting agents or dispersants such as polyvinyl alcohol or polyethylene oxide adducts can be used. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schichtdicke der auf der Oberfläche des durchlaufenden metallischen Materials thermisch abgeschiedenen Substanzen durch die Konzentration der Substanzen in der benetzenden Flüssigkeit und/oder durch die den Kontaktstellen zugeführte elektrische Leistung und/oder durch die ausgangsseitige Materialtemperatur geregelt wird.Process according to Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the layer thickness of the substances thermally deposited on the surface of the metallic material passing through is determined by the concentration of the substances in the wetting liquid and / or by the electrical power supplied to the contact points and / or by the material temperature on the outlet side is regulated.
EP91250093A 1991-04-09 1991-04-09 Method for coating metal Withdrawn EP0508000A1 (en)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1973431A (en) * 1932-12-07 1934-09-11 Johnson Bronze Co Method and apparatus for coating metal strip
FR2289456A1 (en) * 1974-10-23 1976-05-28 Ball Brothers Res Corp ANTI-ADHESIVE COATING FOR GLASSWARE MANUFACTURING
EP0158474A2 (en) * 1984-04-10 1985-10-16 Allegheny Ludlum Steel Corporation Method and apparatus for descaling metal strip

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1973431A (en) * 1932-12-07 1934-09-11 Johnson Bronze Co Method and apparatus for coating metal strip
FR2289456A1 (en) * 1974-10-23 1976-05-28 Ball Brothers Res Corp ANTI-ADHESIVE COATING FOR GLASSWARE MANUFACTURING
EP0158474A2 (en) * 1984-04-10 1985-10-16 Allegheny Ludlum Steel Corporation Method and apparatus for descaling metal strip

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