EP0501085A1 - Circuit de décalage de niveau pour tampons d'entrée de conversion ECL vers CMOS, réalisés en technologie biCMOS - Google Patents

Circuit de décalage de niveau pour tampons d'entrée de conversion ECL vers CMOS, réalisés en technologie biCMOS Download PDF

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EP0501085A1
EP0501085A1 EP91480034A EP91480034A EP0501085A1 EP 0501085 A1 EP0501085 A1 EP 0501085A1 EP 91480034 A EP91480034 A EP 91480034A EP 91480034 A EP91480034 A EP 91480034A EP 0501085 A1 EP0501085 A1 EP 0501085A1
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Prior art keywords
circuit
fet
common node
emitter
output
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EP91480034A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0501085B1 (fr
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Bertrand Gabillard
Phillipe Girard
Michel Grandguillot
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International Business Machines Corp
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International Business Machines Corp
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Priority to DE69122491T priority Critical patent/DE69122491D1/de
Priority to EP91480034A priority patent/EP0501085B1/fr
Priority to US07/788,956 priority patent/US5173624A/en
Priority to JP3298807A priority patent/JPH07123224B2/ja
Publication of EP0501085A1 publication Critical patent/EP0501085A1/fr
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K19/00—Logic circuits, i.e. having at least two inputs acting on one output; Inverting circuits
    • H03K19/0008—Arrangements for reducing power consumption
    • H03K19/0016—Arrangements for reducing power consumption by using a control or a clock signal, e.g. in order to apply power supply
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K19/00—Logic circuits, i.e. having at least two inputs acting on one output; Inverting circuits
    • H03K19/0008—Arrangements for reducing power consumption
    • H03K19/0013—Arrangements for reducing power consumption in field effect transistor circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K19/00—Logic circuits, i.e. having at least two inputs acting on one output; Inverting circuits
    • H03K19/0175—Coupling arrangements; Interface arrangements
    • H03K19/017509—Interface arrangements
    • H03K19/017518—Interface arrangements using a combination of bipolar and field effect transistors [BIFET]
    • H03K19/017527—Interface arrangements using a combination of bipolar and field effect transistors [BIFET] with at least one differential stage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K19/00—Logic circuits, i.e. having at least two inputs acting on one output; Inverting circuits
    • H03K19/02—Logic circuits, i.e. having at least two inputs acting on one output; Inverting circuits using specified components
    • H03K19/08—Logic circuits, i.e. having at least two inputs acting on one output; Inverting circuits using specified components using semiconductor devices
    • H03K19/094—Logic circuits, i.e. having at least two inputs acting on one output; Inverting circuits using specified components using semiconductor devices using field-effect transistors
    • H03K19/0944—Logic circuits, i.e. having at least two inputs acting on one output; Inverting circuits using specified components using semiconductor devices using field-effect transistors using MOSFET or insulated gate field-effect transistors, i.e. IGFET
    • H03K19/09448—Logic circuits, i.e. having at least two inputs acting on one output; Inverting circuits using specified components using semiconductor devices using field-effect transistors using MOSFET or insulated gate field-effect transistors, i.e. IGFET in combination with bipolar transistors [BIMOS]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K3/00—Circuits for generating electric pulses; Monostable, bistable or multistable circuits
    • H03K3/02—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses
    • H03K3/353—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use, as active elements, of field-effect transistors with internal or external positive feedback
    • H03K3/356—Bistable circuits
    • H03K3/356104—Bistable circuits using complementary field-effect transistors
    • H03K3/356113—Bistable circuits using complementary field-effect transistors using additional transistors in the input circuit

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to BiCMOS logic circuits and more particularly to an innovative level-shifter circuit well adapted for use in BiCMOS ECL to CMOS input buffers, significantly upgrading the performance thereof.
  • ECL circuits operate with standard high and low voltages of approximately -0,9 and -1,7 volts respectively, while typical CMOS circuits operate with high and low voltages of about -0,4 and -4,1 volts respectively.
  • a converting circuit is commonly employed to change the logic levels.
  • most of the BiCMOS stand-alone SRAM chips require input buffers or receivers with ECL compatible input voltages and CMOS compatible output voltages.
  • input buffers are more and more often used in BiCMOS SRAMs chips and are essential to their overall performance.
  • BiCMOS SRAMs (1Mb to 4Mb and over) require CMOS transistors with submicronic gate lengths that often cannot withstand ECL power supply levels.
  • VT threshold voltage
  • a state of the art input buffer consists of three stages: an ECL receiver, an ECL-CMOS level-shifter, and an output driver.
  • ECL voltages are sensitive to and tend to drift with changes in environmental conditions such as temperature. Because the swing between the high and low levels for an ECL circuit is only 0,8 volts, changes of a few tenths of a volt can create performance and noise margin problems that are detrimental to a correct operation of the circuit.
  • level conversion produced by the level-shifter stage introduces a propagation delay which adversely affects the performance of the input buffer.
  • the number of transistors used in the level-shifter stage has a direct impact on the performance and on chip space required to implement the input buffer in an integrated circuit.
  • the first stage 11 of input buffer 10 is formed by an input emitter-follower circuit 12, a current-switch circuit 13, and an active pull-down circuit 14.
  • the input emitter-follower circuit 12 comprises NPN transistor Q1 and current source I0.
  • the current-switch circuit 13 is formed by NPN transistors Q2 and Q3 connected in a differential configuration and fed by current source I1 (Q4/R3). NPN transistors Q2 and Q3 are respectively loaded by resistors R1 and R2.
  • the base of transistor Q2 is driven by the emitter of transistor Q1, while the base of transistor Q3 is connected to a reference voltage VR.
  • the input emitter-follower circuit 12 and the current-switch circuit 13 form the ECL receiver properly said mentioned above.
  • the ECL receiver referenced 11A is biased between the first and the second supply voltages respectively Vcc (typically the ground) and Vee (e.g. -4.5V for the 100 K ECL family).
  • the role of ECL receiver 11A is to amplify the input signal Vin.
  • the amplified signals VA and VB are respectively available at nodes A and B of the ECL receiver.
  • the active pull-down circuit 14 is comprised of two emitter-follower circuits each consisting of a bipolar NPN transistor and a terminal impedance consisting of a NFET as the emitter load. These devices are respectively referenced Q5, QN1 and Q6, QN2 respectively for the first and second emitter-follower circuits.
  • the base electrodes of transistors Q5 and Q6 are respectively connected to nodes A and B of the current-switch circuit 13.
  • First stage 11 supplies two output signals S1 and S2, which drive the second stage.
  • the second stage 15 includes the ECL-CMOS level-shifter circuit 16 and a booster circuit 17.
  • the latter comprises two NPN bipolar transistors Q7 and Q8 to form the driver output stage of input buffer 10.
  • one pair of PFETs: QP1 and QP2 and one pair of NFETs QN3 and QN4 are coupled as shown in Fig.1 to drive the base of transistor Q7.
  • PFETs QP1 and QP2 are respectively driven by the signals S1 and S2 supplied by the active pull-down circuit 14.
  • the common node of devices QP2 and QN4 is connected to the base of output transistor Q7.
  • the lower part of circuit 16 comprises three NFETs QN5, QN6 and QN7 and one PFET QP3 coupled as shown in Fig. 1.
  • the gate electrode of PFET QP3 is driven by signal S1.
  • the signal supplied by the common node of NFETs QN6 and QN7 drives the base of output transistor Q8.
  • the drain of NFET QN7 and the gate electrode of NFET QN6 are connected to the common node 19 of output transistors Q7 and Q8, so-called the circuit output node of input buffer 10.
  • the circuit input signal Vin at the ECL standard is applied to terminal 18 of input buffer 10, the latter produces the circuit output signal Vout of the MOS/CMOS type at terminal 19 coupled to said circuit output node.
  • NFET QN2 cuts off the current of transistor Q6, while transistor Q5 and NFET QN1 are conductive.
  • active pull-down circuit 14 dissipates only half the power of the conventional ECL-CMOS level-shifter circuit mentioned above.
  • the circuit buffer 10 of Fig. 1 is of the single phase type because it produces only one phase (Vout) of the circuit output signal. However, should the complement phase ( Vout ⁇ ) be required, the second stage 15 must be doubled by a replicate circuit referenced 15', as shown in Fig. 2.
  • the two-stage input buffer 10 of Fig. 1 is schematically shown in such a two-phase version referenced 10' supplying simultaneously Vout and Vout ⁇ circuit output signals, at terminals 19 and 19'.
  • Input buffer 10 is used to illustrate the various circuits that are necessary for its implementation to establish the component count.
  • the input buffer 10' of Fig. 2 comprises seven circuit blocks and if one excludes the ECL receiver properly said (circuits 12 and 13) and the third supply voltage generator (Vt gen.), the component count is 6 bipolar transistors and 18 FET devices.
  • input buffer 10 is only formed by two stages instead of three as in the state of the art circuits. Consequently, higher speeds and better density integration are also achieved with respect to said input buffer 10. For example, there is claimed a propagation delay time less than 1,8 ns at 10-mW power dissipation.
  • the input buffer 10 of Fig. 1 still has some major inconveniences, because it provides only a partial solution to the problems mentioned above as it will be explained now.
  • active pull-down circuit 14 still dissipates excessive power, even though less than in the state of the art circuits because in the quiescent state, either transistor Q5 or Q6 is conductive, thus current is drawn from the supply voltage Vcc.
  • pull-down circuit 14 necessitates a specific Vt reference voltage generator (apparent from Fig. 2) which needs several components for its implementation.
  • Input buffer 10 is a relatively dense circuit, since it has a two-stage structure, when compared with the state of the art three-stage input buffers but, in the two-phase version of Fig. 2, the necessary replication of the second stage 15, significantly reduces the advantages claimed in the single phase version in terms of integration density.
  • the input buffer 10 of Fig. 1 is relatively slow, in particular because of the two-level structure of the lower part of level-shifter circuit 16, which slows down the control of output transistor Q8.
  • the active pull-down circuit 14 shifts the first stage output signals S1 and S2 by only one Vbe (base-emitter voltage drop of transistor Q5 or Q6, around 0,8V), only a low amplification effect is produced. As a result, more devices are required in the following circuit, say in the level-shifter circuit 16.
  • an innovative BiCMOS level-shifter circuit which comprises first and second NPN bipolar transistors mounted in an emitter-follower configuration with their respective emitter loads forming two branches connected between first and second supply voltages. Differential input signals are applied to their respective base electrodes.
  • the emitter loads of said first and second bipolar transistors include a voltage source and a switch with a common node therebetween. This common node is formed by a first pole of the voltage source and a first contact of the switch. The second contact of the switch is tied to the second supply voltage.
  • the common point of the switch constitutes one main output terminal of the level-shifter circuit and is therefore connected either to said common node or to said second supply voltage via the second contact of the switch, depending on the respective potential of said input signals. Because of the differential structure of said input signals, switches operate in an opposite way.
  • the voltage source consists of a PFET and the switch consists of a PFET and a NFET connected in series, the gate electrode of said NFET device being controlled by the potential of the said common node of the other branch.
  • the gate electrode of the PFET forming the voltage source is connected to the common node of the FET devices forming the switch.
  • the gate electrode of the PFET device forming the switches is connected to the second supply voltage.
  • an improved ECL to CMOS input buffer comprising: a conventional ECL receiver comprised of an emitter-follower in series with a current-switch and supplying two differential output signals at the current-switch output nodes in response to an ECL input signal (VIN); a level-shifter circuit as described above; and, two BiCMOS output drivers connected to the output nodes of the level-shifter circuit to supply the IN PHASE (VOUT) and OUT OF PHASE ( VOUT ⁇ ) circuit output signals at the CMOS level.
  • circuit 20 basically comprises two bipolar NPN transistors T1 and T2, each mounted in an emitter-follower configuration thereby forming two branches connected between said first and second supply voltages Vcc and Vee respectively.
  • the emitter load consists of three FET devices in series and mutual cross-coupled connection are achieved between branches.
  • two PFETs P1 and P3 along with NFET N1 are connected in series with the emitter of transistor T1 and define nodes C, E and G.
  • PFETs P2 and P4 along with NFET N2 form the emitter load of transistor T2, and define nodes D, F and H.
  • Signals VA and VB drive the base electrodes of transistors T1 and T2. They are assumed to originate from a conventional ECL receiver, e.g. receiver 11A formed by circuits 12 and 13 in Fig. 1.
  • Variable drain currents flow through the branches depending upon the potential at nodes A and B of receiver 11A.
  • the gate electrodes of NFETs N1 and N2 are respectively connected to nodes F and E.
  • the output signals of the level-shifter circuit 20 are available at nodes E, G and F, H in the left and right branches respectively.
  • Output terminals 21, 22 and 23, 24 are respectively connected to these nodes.
  • PFETs P3 and P4 are connected in a common gate configuration and therefore are not controlled by their gate electrode, but by their source region.
  • the role of PFETs P1 and P2 is to provide the desired voltage shifts at nodes E and F with respect to the potential at nodes A and B of receiver 11A respectively.
  • the voltage shift produced in the left or first branch is equal to Vbe (T1) + Vgs (P1) , say about 2V.
  • the pairs of FET devices N1-P3 and N2-P4 operate mainly as switches as it will now be explained.
  • Fig. 3B shows the circuit of Fig. 3A in the quiescent state after this transition.
  • devices P3 and N2 are not represented because of their negligible drain-source voltages.
  • the current in the first branch is limited by the low Vgs of NFET N1 and the current in the second branch is also limited by the low Vgs and Vds of PFETs P2 and P4.
  • Typical values of the DC current in the quiescent state are in the 20-50 ⁇ A range.
  • PFETs P1 and P2 are represented by voltage sources 25 and 26, equal to Vgs (P1) and Vgs (P2) respectively.
  • FET devices N1, P3 and P4, N2 are represented by switches referenced 27 and 28 respectively.
  • Node E formed between one pole of the voltage source 25 and a first contact of the switch 27 is referred to as the common node between the voltage source and the switch. Similar reasoning applies to node F.
  • the other contact of switches 27 and 28 is connected to the second supply voltage Vee.
  • the interconnection line is referred to as node I.
  • Positions of the switches are mainly determined by the potentials at said common nodes, which directly derived from the potentials at nodes A and B.
  • the potential at node F is low enough to cut off NFET N1, therefore switch 27 shorts node E (and terminal 21) to terminal 22 because PFET P3 is on.
  • the potential at output terminals 21/22 is high, and equal to the potential of node A minus ( Vbe(T1) + Vgs(P1) ).
  • the potential at terminal 23 is low.
  • Switch 28 connects terminal 24 to said second supply voltage Vee.
  • switches 27 and 28 are positioned in accordance with the quiescent state illustrated in Fig. 3B.
  • VTs threshold voltages
  • Ids (P1) K(P1)(Vgs(P1)-VT(P1))2
  • Ids (N1) K(N1)(Vgs(N1)-VT (N1))2
  • Ids (P2) K(P2)(Vgs(P2)-VT(P2))2
  • circuit 20 is a symmetrical circuit, therefore corresponding devices in the two branches are designed to be identical.
  • Cox and L are the same for PFETs and NFETs, and that the carrier mobility ratio between electron and holes ⁇ N / ⁇ P is approximately equal to 2,5, this finally results in a coarse size ratio between the P and N devices.
  • FIG. 4A An ECL to CMOS input buffer including the new level-shifter circuit of the present invention is illustrated in Fig. 4A.
  • input buffer 30 comprises an ECL receiver 11A of Fig. 1, the level-shifter circuit 20 of Fig. 3A, and two BiCMOS output drivers 31 and 31' for delivering the true (IN PHASE) and complement (OUT OF PHASE) circuit output signals VOUT and VOUT ⁇ at the respective output terminals 32 and 32'.
  • ECL receiver 11A and level-shifter circuit 20 can be used without any modification. However, these circuits may be provided with extra diodes to adjust the voltage levels. As shown in Fig. 4A, diode D1 increases the voltage swing on resistors R1 and R2 thereby preventing saturation of bipolar transistors Q2 and Q3. Another extra diode D2 is connected to the common node of NFETs N1 and N2 in the level-shifter circuit and centers the signals that are applied to the output drivers 31 and 31'.
  • Output drivers 31 and 31' are relatively conventional BiCMOS circuits except in that the gate electrodes of the input devices are not tied to the same node as standard, but to two nodes of the level-shifter circuit, in order to further improve input buffer performance.
  • output driver 31 comprises two bipolar transistors T9 and T10 driven by a few FET devices. Top transistor T9 is driven by NFET N3 whose gate is connected to node F (signal V1) and by PFET P5 whose gate electrode is connected to node B (signal VB).
  • bottom transistor T10 is driven by NFET N4 whose gate electrode is connected to node H (signal V2) and by NFET N5 whose gate electrode is connected to circuit common output node OUT and then to circuit output terminal 32.
  • Output driver 31' has an identical hardware construction, but PFET P5' is driven by the potential of node A (signal VA) and gate electrodes of NFETs N3' and N4' are connected to nodes E (signal V1') and G (signal V2').
  • the input buffer of Fig. 4A is well suited for technologies where FET devices can withstand ECL voltage supplies, and therefore, be able to deliver large swing signals at terminals 32 and 32'.
  • Input buffer 30 is a two phase version.
  • the level-shifter circuit 20 produces a large voltage shift of about 2V from node A to E in the first branch, and from B to F in the second branch. As a result, less amplification is required in the output drivers 31 and 31'. For instance, in output driver 31, signals V1 and V2 respectively produced at nodes F and H can drive directly NFETs N3 and N4. Finally, this construction results in a reduced number of devices and minimal propagation delays for output transistors, as apparent from Fig. 4A.
  • Fig. 4B shows a variant of the output driver 31 of Fig. 4A referenced 33.
  • the main differences between the two circuits are found in the power supplies and in the connection of the gate electrodes of PFET P5.
  • the gate electrode of PFET P5 is no longer connected to node B but is connected to node H.
  • An input buffer 30' (not shown) built with two output drivers 33 and 33', like input buffer 30 is built with two output drivers 31 and 31', would be suited for applications where CMOS devices cannot withstand ECL power supply levels. It can deliver smaller swing signals when compared to input buffer 30.
  • output driver 33 needs the use of an additional power supply Vdd.
  • this power supply is the same as the one already used in the chip for the internal CMOS circuit blocks. Because, CMOS circuit blocks always use the Vdd power supply, the latter cannot be considered as an additional supply voltage.
  • Fig. 5 illustrates the schematic functional block diagram of input buffers 30/30'.
  • the component count (still excluding the ECL receiver 11A) is 6 bipolar transistors and 14 FET devices.
  • the gain is relatively important in term of number of devices since input buffer 30/30' eliminates the need of the Vt generator, say approximately 10 FET devices.
  • Fig. 6A shows the waveforms (voltage in Volts vs Time in ns) at different nodes/terminals of the input buffer 30 of Fig. 4A.
  • Curve 34 represents the input signal VIN in a down-going transition from -0,9V to -1,7V.
  • Curves 35 and 36 illustrate the waveforms at nodes A and B respectively and cross at point 37.
  • Curves 38 and 39 illustrate the waveforms at nodes G and H respectively and cross at point 40.
  • the delay dt between the two crossing points 37 and 40 demonstrates the effectiveness of the level-shifter circuit 20. As apparent from Fig. 6A, this delay is about 150ps.
  • the output signals VOUT and VOUT ⁇ are illustrated by curves 41 and 42 respectively which cross at point 43.
  • Fig. 6B waveforms for input buffer 30' are illustrated in Fig. 6B.
  • Fig. 6B the corresponding curves are referenced with a prime reference. It is also apparent from Fig. 6B that in this instance, the circuit output voltage swing dV' is lower than the output voltage swing dV depicted in Fig. 6A.
  • Input buffer 30 of Fig. 4A can be compared with the conventional solution of Fig. 1. Delays and average currents are summed up in the table below for the same input swing (-0,9V/-1,7V) and working frequency (50MHz): TABLE CIRCUIT DELAY TOTAL CURRENT (AC+DC) OUTPUT LEVELS SUPPLY (Vee) Input buffer of Fig. 1 1.8 ns 2.2 mA -0.4V/-4.1V -4.5V Input buffer of Fig.
EP91480034A 1991-02-28 1991-02-28 Circuit de décalage de niveau pour tampons d'entrée de conversion ECL vers CMOS, réalisés en technologie biCMOS Expired - Lifetime EP0501085B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE69122491T DE69122491D1 (de) 1991-02-28 1991-02-28 Pegelschieberschaltung für schnelle leistungsarme ECL nach CMOS-Eingangspuffern in biCMOS-Technik
EP91480034A EP0501085B1 (fr) 1991-02-28 1991-02-28 Circuit de décalage de niveau pour tampons d'entrée de conversion ECL vers CMOS, réalisés en technologie biCMOS
US07/788,956 US5173624A (en) 1991-02-28 1991-11-07 Level-shifter circuit for high-speed low-power bicmos ecl to cmos input buffers
JP3298807A JPH07123224B2 (ja) 1991-02-28 1991-11-14 レベルシフタ回路

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP91480034A EP0501085B1 (fr) 1991-02-28 1991-02-28 Circuit de décalage de niveau pour tampons d'entrée de conversion ECL vers CMOS, réalisés en technologie biCMOS

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EP0501085A1 true EP0501085A1 (fr) 1992-09-02
EP0501085B1 EP0501085B1 (fr) 1996-10-02

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US (1) US5173624A (fr)
EP (1) EP0501085B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH07123224B2 (fr)
DE (1) DE69122491D1 (fr)

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EP0609844A2 (fr) * 1993-02-01 1994-08-10 Nec Corporation Circuit de conversion du niveau d'un signal pour afficheur à cristaux liquides recevant un signal couleur analogique
WO1994022220A1 (fr) * 1993-03-24 1994-09-29 Apple Computer, Inc. Convertisseur differentiel/cmos asymetrique
EP0625825A1 (fr) * 1993-05-21 1994-11-23 Nec Corporation Circuit BI-CMOS à faible consommation de puissance, formé d'un petit nombre de composants
EP0627819A1 (fr) * 1993-04-23 1994-12-07 Nec Corporation Circuit de conversion de niveau pour signaux de niveau ECL
EP0774836A3 (fr) * 1995-11-17 1997-08-06 Nec Corp Bascule de verrouillage pour la réception des signaux à faible amplitude
US6028468A (en) * 1994-04-15 2000-02-22 Stmicroelectronics S.R. L. Voltage-level shifter
EP0989673A2 (fr) * 1998-09-16 2000-03-29 Microchip Technology Inc. Circuit d'entrée numérique à consommation réduite de puissance
EP2326003A1 (fr) * 2009-11-24 2011-05-25 Linear Technology Corporation Procédé et système pour bruit de phase réduite dans une commande d'horloge BICMOS

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US5485106A (en) * 1994-04-05 1996-01-16 Sun Microsystems, Inc. ECL to CMOS converter
US5426381A (en) * 1994-05-23 1995-06-20 Motorola Inc. Latching ECL to CMOS input buffer circuit
US5914617A (en) * 1996-12-23 1999-06-22 Lsi Logic Corporation Output driver for sub-micron CMOS
IT1292096B1 (it) * 1997-06-05 1999-01-25 Sgs Thomson Microelectronics Circuito convertitore da logica bipolare a logica cmos a elevata velocita'
US6211699B1 (en) * 1999-04-14 2001-04-03 Micro Linear Corporation High performance CML to CMOS converter
US6995598B2 (en) * 2003-02-13 2006-02-07 Texas Instruments Incorporated Level shifter circuit including a set/reset circuit
US9479155B2 (en) 2013-07-03 2016-10-25 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Emitter follower buffer with reverse-bias protection

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Cited By (16)

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EP0609844A2 (fr) * 1993-02-01 1994-08-10 Nec Corporation Circuit de conversion du niveau d'un signal pour afficheur à cristaux liquides recevant un signal couleur analogique
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH07123224B2 (ja) 1995-12-25
US5173624A (en) 1992-12-22
JPH04278715A (ja) 1992-10-05
EP0501085B1 (fr) 1996-10-02
DE69122491D1 (de) 1996-11-07

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