EP0500294A2 - Appareil de reproduction sonore stéreo - Google Patents

Appareil de reproduction sonore stéreo Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0500294A2
EP0500294A2 EP92301276A EP92301276A EP0500294A2 EP 0500294 A2 EP0500294 A2 EP 0500294A2 EP 92301276 A EP92301276 A EP 92301276A EP 92301276 A EP92301276 A EP 92301276A EP 0500294 A2 EP0500294 A2 EP 0500294A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sound
sounds
speaker
reproduced
speaker boxes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP92301276A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0500294A3 (fr
Inventor
Mikio Iguchi
Chie Tanaka
Takeo Suzuki
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nippon Broadcasting System Inc
Original Assignee
Nippon Broadcasting System Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nippon Broadcasting System Inc filed Critical Nippon Broadcasting System Inc
Publication of EP0500294A2 publication Critical patent/EP0500294A2/fr
Publication of EP0500294A3 publication Critical patent/EP0500294A3/xx
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/28—Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means
    • H04R1/2807—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements
    • H04R1/2815—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements of the bass reflex type
    • H04R1/2819—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements of the bass reflex type for loudspeaker transducers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/32—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only
    • H04R1/323—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only for loudspeakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R5/00—Stereophonic arrangements
    • H04R5/02—Spatial or constructional arrangements of loudspeakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04S—STEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS 
    • H04S1/00—Two-channel systems
    • H04S1/002—Non-adaptive circuits, e.g. manually adjustable or static, for enhancing the sound image or the spatial distribution

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a stereophonic sound reproducing apparatus used in a sound field in which stereophonic sound is capable of being heard.
  • the signals on the track of a record or tape which signals are based upon the aforementioned two sources, are amplified by respective amplifiers, the two amplified signals are supplied to left and right speakers spaced apart in front of the sound field, and the listener, who is situated so as to face the openings on the front sides of the speakers, is capable of directly hearing the sound waves emitted by the left and right speakers.
  • the audible frequency range of the human ear extends from several tens of hertz in the low region to 20 KHz in the high region, as is well known.
  • the amounts of sound components in such a broad frequency band and various phases exist in mixed form. Consequently, when the mixing of actual sounds is not performed also in the reproduced sound field, a favorable stereophonic impression cannot be obtained owing to the listener's experience, which is based upon the sense of hearing.
  • the wavelength of sound waves in the low-frequency region e.g., 20 Hz sound waves, in the above-mentioned audible frequency range, is about 17 m, which is obtained by dividing the speed of sound, namely 340 m/sec, by 20 Hz. If the diameter of a speaker for reproducing this is 10 cm, this is an extremely small value in comparison with the wavelength of 17 m. Strictly speaking, with a diameter of this size, the emitted 20 Hz sound would be the same as that emitted from a sound source in the form of a point.
  • the sound from such a point sound source is a spherical wave which propagates forwardly while expanding, as illustrated in Fig. 8.
  • the wavelength is 1.7 cm.
  • the sound waves When these sound waves are emitted from a speaker having a opening diameter of 10 cm, the sound waves propagate in the form of plane waves, as would be emitted from a planar vibrating plate, as shown in Fig. 9. The reason is that the speaker opening is large in comparison with the wavelength.
  • the low-frequency components spread and radiate uniformly in the same manner as spherical waves from the point sound source.
  • the spherical waves become plane waves and the energy concentrates along the sound axis of the speaker.
  • the directional characteristic of a speaker based upon a rise in frequency, a change in sound pressure is seen owing to the frequencies along the 30° and 60° directions with respect to the speaker axis.
  • a different frequency characteristic is obtained with a certain frequency serving as a boundary (the boundary frequency).
  • the present invention has been devised in view of these various characteristics of reproduced sound, and its object is to provide a stereophonic sound reproducing apparatus in which the impression of stereophonic sound is sufficiently obtained by taking into consideration the source used as the sound source and the characteristics of reproduced sound.
  • a stereophonic sound reproducing apparatus for amplifying two sources and supplying the amplified sources to respective ones of spaced left and right speakers so that stereophonic sound is heard owing to sounds reproduced, comprising a sound field for reproducing two-source sounds, two speaker boxes arranged in the sound field for reproducing the two-source sounds and emitting sounds in such directions that the reproduced two-source sounds will not interfere with each other, a reflecting surface for reflecting the sounds, which have been emitted from the speaker boxes, toward a listener, and a sound-source reproducing device for supplying the two speaker boxes with respective left and right acoustic sources picked up by a sound pick-up mechanism reproduced based upon human auditory organs.
  • Fig. 1 is a perspective view illustrating an embodiment of the present invention and showing the external appearance of a stereophonic sound reproducing apparatus according to the invention
  • Fig. 1 is a perspective view illustrating an embodiment of the present invention and showing the external appearance of a stereophonic sound reproducing apparatus according to the invention.
  • numeral 1 denotes an external housing consisting of thick sheets of fine wood and comprising two boxes A, B, each of which has one side open, joined at their back sides. These joined sides form an acute angle of a prescribed size so that the housing 1 has a V-shaped configuration exhibiting left-right symmetry.
  • Numeral 11 denotes an open side for box A
  • numeral 12 represents an open side for box B.
  • Speakers, described below, are placed within the external housing through the respective openings 11, 12. After the speakers have thus been installed, a Saran net frame through which sound waves pass freely is attached to each of the open sides 11, 12.
  • the arrangement is such that the sounds from the left and right speakers housed within the housing 1 are isolated from each other by the central portion of the external housing 1.
  • the external housing 1 is oriented in such a manner that a front face 13 of the housing is directed toward the listener when reproduced sound is Heard, as shown in Fig. 2. Accordingly, once the housing 1 has been set in place, the axes of the open sides 11, 12 will be directed slightly to the rear of a transverse line passing through the location of installation.
  • the outer housing 1 may be disposed to the rear of the listener 5.
  • the housing 1 may be disposed with its front face 13 in contact with the floor so that the axes of the open sides are directed diagonally upward.
  • Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of a speaker box housed within the outer housing of this embodiment
  • Fig. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of the speaker box. Both of these sections include the speakeraxis.
  • Fig. 5 is a front view of the speaker box.
  • Numeral 2 denotes the speaker box, which consists of a fine sheet material, for accommodating a full-range speaker 3 in such a manner that reproduced sound is emitted to the outside in an efficient manner.
  • the speaker box 2 has the form of a cabinet of the bass-reflex type equipped with a sound way T for sounds in the mid- to high-frequency region and a sound way W for sounds in the low-frequency region.
  • the interior of the speaker box 2 has a baffle plate 21 to which are attached plates upper and lower plates 22, 23 and plates 24, 25 which diverge from each other toward the front of the box.
  • the plates 22 - 25 form the the sound way T.
  • a rearwardly extending plate 26 is attached to the lower part of the baffle plate 21.
  • the plate 26 guides the low-frequency sound waves emitted from the back face of the speaker 3, extends the path of travel, reverses the phase and causes the sounds waves to emanate from an opening 27 below the plate 23 so that they strengthen the low-frequency sounds together with the sound waves from the front side of the speaker 3.
  • Numeral 28 denotes a bolt hole so that the speaker box 2 may be secured using a prescribed bolt when the speaker box is accommodated within the outer housing 1.
  • Two speaker boxes 2 whose acoustic characteristics are in agreement are used. When these speaker boxes are installed in the outer housing 1, they are secured in such a manner that the sound ways T, W of the respective speaker boxes will open to the open sides 11, 12 on the left and right sides of the housing 1.
  • Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating the arrangement of the external housing 1 when listening to stereophonic sound in this embodiment, as well as the manner in which sound waves are emmanated. The operation of this embodiment will now be described with reference to Fig. 2.
  • the external housing 1 housing the left and right speaker boxes 2 is placed in front of the listener 5 in such a manner that its front portion 13 faces the listener.
  • the speakers 3 in the left and right speaker boxes are supplied with audio signals for driving them.
  • the audio signals used are obtained by prescribed amplification of a source of the kind described below.
  • the source used for the left and right speakers is recorded on a record or on two separate tracks.
  • a sound pick-up mechanism referred to as a dummy head is employed.
  • the dummy head is faithfully modeled after such human auditory organs as the auricle, the external auditory miatus and the auditory canal.
  • the signals used are obtained from left and right microphones disposed at positions corresponding to the eardrum.
  • the signals obtained by amplifying such an acoustic source are supplied to the two speakers 3, the signals are emitted toward left and right wall surfaces from the open sides 11, 12 of the external housing 1.
  • high-frequency sound waves emitted along the speaker axis from the left open side 11 reach the listener 5 upon being reflected by a left wall 41 and then a back wall 42.
  • sound waves having a frequency slightly less than that of the aforementioned high-frequency sound waves travel toward the left wall 41 or back wall 42 along a line slightly offset from the speaker axis.
  • a reproduced sound field 4 especially the left side thereof is filled with the acoustic energy of these reflected or diffusely reflected sounds.
  • the left ear of the listener 5 hears the acoustic energy of the left speaker 3. This acoustic energy is the result of mixing in a highly complex manner.
  • reproduced sound from the right speaker also mixes in complex fashion with the mid- to high-frequency sound waves which differ in intensity along the axis in dependence upon frequency, as well as with the low-frequency sound waves which propagate as spherical waves, and the reproduced sound space 4, particularly the right half thereof, is filled with the acoustic energy.
  • the listener 5 hears this mixed acoustic energy from the left speaker or right speaker with the left or right ear, respectively, and therefore the sensation of stereophonic sound is produced.
  • Fig. 6 is a diagram for describing the manner in which stereophonic sound is heard from the top side of another arrangement of the external housing according to the illustrated embodiment
  • Fig. 7 is a diagram for describing the manner in which stereophonic sound is heard from one side of this arrangement.
  • the external housing 1 is so disposed that the front portion 13 thereof is placed in contact with a floor surface 61 of a reproduced sound field 6 so that the open sides 11, 12 of the housing emit sounds toward side walls 62 of the reproduced sound field diagonally from below.
  • the sounds which emanate from the open sides 11, 12 propagate through the reproduced sound field 6 without interfering with each other.
  • the high-frequency sound waves along the speaker axes and the low-frequency sound waves offset from the speaker axes have different paths of propagation, as mentioned earlier, so that the sound field becomes filled with acoustic energy reflected or diffusely reflected from above and from the left and right sides.
  • This acoustic energy, which has been mixed in complex fashion, from the left or right speaker is heard with the left or right ear, respectively, of the listener 5, as a result of which the listener is given the sensation of stereophonic sound.
  • left and right acoustic sources which are picked up using a sound pick-up mechanism modeled after human auditory organs, are employed as the sources of sound, and the sources are amplified and then supplied to left and right speakers whose sound axes diverge slightly to the rear of a transverse line situated in front of the listener.
  • the sounds from the left and right speakers which may be set upon the floor, are reflected or diffusely reflected by left and right walls or a ceiling so that sound waves propagate through a reproduced sound field.
  • cabinets of the bass-reflex type are employed for the left and right speaker boxes. This is advantageous in that the reproduction band width of low-pitched sounds is enlarged and sounds can be reproduced highly efficiently even with speaker boxes having a small capacity.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Otolaryngology (AREA)
  • Details Of Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)
  • Obtaining Desirable Characteristics In Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)
  • Stereophonic System (AREA)
EP92301276A 1991-02-16 1992-02-17 Appareil de reproduction sonore stéreo Withdrawn EP0500294A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP04429491A JP3194386B2 (ja) 1991-02-16 1991-02-16 立体音再生装置
JP44294/91 1991-02-16

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0500294A2 true EP0500294A2 (fr) 1992-08-26
EP0500294A3 EP0500294A3 (fr) 1994-04-27

Family

ID=12687491

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92301276A Withdrawn EP0500294A2 (fr) 1991-02-16 1992-02-17 Appareil de reproduction sonore stéreo

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0500294A2 (fr)
JP (1) JP3194386B2 (fr)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4244397A1 (de) * 1992-12-29 1994-06-30 Waldemar Kehler Verfahren zur Polarisierung akustischer Felder, speziell zwecks Erzielung eines ungewöhnlich breiten und transparenten Stereo-Effektes bei sehr geringem Platzbedarf
WO1995012960A1 (fr) * 1993-11-04 1995-05-11 Kevin Brown Dome sonore produisant des images acoustiques
WO1997026773A1 (fr) * 1996-01-15 1997-07-24 Evi Audio Gmbh Enceinte bass-reflex
US6031920A (en) * 1997-05-16 2000-02-29 Wiener; David Coaxial dual-parabolic sound lens speaker system
US6055320A (en) * 1998-02-26 2000-04-25 Soundtube Entertainment Directional horn speaker system
US6134332A (en) * 1997-05-16 2000-10-17 Wiener; David Sound lens speaker system
US6574344B1 (en) 1998-02-26 2003-06-03 Soundtube Entertainment, Inc. Directional horn speaker system
US20170289675A1 (en) * 2016-04-04 2017-10-05 Aura Audio Oy Loudspeaker system with directional output character
US10863276B2 (en) 2015-08-03 2020-12-08 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Foerderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V. Soundbar

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP5652275B2 (ja) * 2011-03-17 2015-01-14 ヤマハ株式会社 スピーカ装置

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3933219A (en) * 1974-04-08 1976-01-20 Ambient, Inc. Speaker system
EP0126783A1 (fr) * 1983-05-25 1984-12-05 Head Stereo GmbH , Kopfbezogene Aufnahme- und Wiedergabetechnik & Co. Messtechnik KG Tête artificielle à large bande, exempte de bruit, à grande dynamique avec la propriété de transmission fidèle de signaux auditifs
US4503930A (en) * 1982-09-03 1985-03-12 Mcdowell Vaughn P Loudspeaker system
DE3733494A1 (de) * 1986-10-06 1988-04-14 Akg Akustische Kino Geraete Einrichtung zur stereophonischen aufnahme von schallereignissen
DE3902062A1 (de) * 1989-01-25 1990-07-26 Electronic Werke Deutschland Lautsprechereinheit mit einem reflektor

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3933219A (en) * 1974-04-08 1976-01-20 Ambient, Inc. Speaker system
US4503930A (en) * 1982-09-03 1985-03-12 Mcdowell Vaughn P Loudspeaker system
EP0126783A1 (fr) * 1983-05-25 1984-12-05 Head Stereo GmbH , Kopfbezogene Aufnahme- und Wiedergabetechnik & Co. Messtechnik KG Tête artificielle à large bande, exempte de bruit, à grande dynamique avec la propriété de transmission fidèle de signaux auditifs
DE3733494A1 (de) * 1986-10-06 1988-04-14 Akg Akustische Kino Geraete Einrichtung zur stereophonischen aufnahme von schallereignissen
DE3902062A1 (de) * 1989-01-25 1990-07-26 Electronic Werke Deutschland Lautsprechereinheit mit einem reflektor

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4244397A1 (de) * 1992-12-29 1994-06-30 Waldemar Kehler Verfahren zur Polarisierung akustischer Felder, speziell zwecks Erzielung eines ungewöhnlich breiten und transparenten Stereo-Effektes bei sehr geringem Platzbedarf
WO1995012960A1 (fr) * 1993-11-04 1995-05-11 Kevin Brown Dome sonore produisant des images acoustiques
US5532438A (en) * 1993-11-04 1996-07-02 Brown; Kevin Acoustic imaging sound dome
WO1997026773A1 (fr) * 1996-01-15 1997-07-24 Evi Audio Gmbh Enceinte bass-reflex
US6031920A (en) * 1997-05-16 2000-02-29 Wiener; David Coaxial dual-parabolic sound lens speaker system
US6134332A (en) * 1997-05-16 2000-10-17 Wiener; David Sound lens speaker system
US6055320A (en) * 1998-02-26 2000-04-25 Soundtube Entertainment Directional horn speaker system
US6574344B1 (en) 1998-02-26 2003-06-03 Soundtube Entertainment, Inc. Directional horn speaker system
US10863276B2 (en) 2015-08-03 2020-12-08 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Foerderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V. Soundbar
US20170289675A1 (en) * 2016-04-04 2017-10-05 Aura Audio Oy Loudspeaker system with directional output character
US10306357B2 (en) * 2016-04-04 2019-05-28 Aura Audio Oy Loudspeaker system with directional output character

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP3194386B2 (ja) 2001-07-30
EP0500294A3 (fr) 1994-04-27
JPH04262700A (ja) 1992-09-18

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