EP0499910A2 - Firing grate - Google Patents
Firing grate Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0499910A2 EP0499910A2 EP92102121A EP92102121A EP0499910A2 EP 0499910 A2 EP0499910 A2 EP 0499910A2 EP 92102121 A EP92102121 A EP 92102121A EP 92102121 A EP92102121 A EP 92102121A EP 0499910 A2 EP0499910 A2 EP 0499910A2
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- grate
- carriage
- firing
- furnace
- grate according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
- F23H7/00—Inclined or stepped grates
- F23H7/06—Inclined or stepped grates with movable bars disposed parallel to direction of fuel feeding
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
- F23H17/00—Details of grates
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
- F23H7/00—Inclined or stepped grates
- F23H7/06—Inclined or stepped grates with movable bars disposed parallel to direction of fuel feeding
- F23H7/08—Inclined or stepped grates with movable bars disposed parallel to direction of fuel feeding reciprocating along their axes
Definitions
- the invention relates to a grate for a combustion furnace.
- Firing grates of this type generally consist of horizontal or obliquely arranged rows of grate bars one behind the other in the manner of a roof tile, of which, for example, every second row is assigned a drive for moving the combustion material and for improving the stoking effect.
- the movement of the grate bar rows essentially takes place in that several rows of grate bars are combined and actuated by a single drive.
- Such a grate is known from DE-C 24 46 724, in which a cylinder arranged behind a slide moves the slide, on which several movable grate bar rows sit on grate bar supports, in the feed direction of the grate bar rows.
- the arrangement of the drives and movement elements in the underwind area below the firing grate level is problematic because there they are subject to increased susceptibility to faults due to the firing temperature and the possible diarrhea of fired material between the grate bars. This affects the operational safety of such drives, which cannot be checked or serviced in this underwind area as long as the furnace is in operation.
- the invention is therefore based on the problem of proposing a firing grate for an incinerator in which the number of sliding points is reduced to a minimum and these should all be arranged outside the underwind area if possible.
- the invention is characterized by a furnace grate for incinerators, in particular for the incineration of waste consisting of rows of grate bars one behind the other in the manner of roof tiles Grate bar supports, each second of which is mounted on a movable carriage, while the remaining grate bar supports are stationary, and this carriage has a movement drive which is located outside the downwind area of the firing grate and which consists, for example, of hydraulic cylinders which are coupled to an axis which moves the carriage, and wherein the axis protrudes through a slot seal in the furnace wall. It is important that all drive elements can act in the feed direction of the grate bars so that no pivot bearings are required. Such an arrangement outside the underwind area is advantageous because practically any contamination of the drive elements is excluded and the few movable drive elements of the carriage that are still present can be checked and serviced outside the furnace space.
- a slot seal which consists of a disc sealed on the axis, which in turn lies between two side guides inside a housing on the wall of the furnace.
- the side guides can be formed as a flat seal for the disc.
- Flat gaskets have proven themselves and can be designed to be fault-free.
- the space between, for example, the outer flat seals, that is, around the pane can also be supplied with sealing air. This ensures that no dust or similar from the Area under the firing grate can penetrate into the slot seal and eventually escape to the outside.
- roller conveyor In continuation of the inventive concept, the axis outside the underwind area in a web guide, z. B. roller conveyor, stored.
- This roller conveyor can be covered according to the invention by a steel belt roller blind.
- roller conveyor guides and steel belt roller blinds have proven themselves in rough operation and also ensure reliable guidance of the carriage axis.
- the grate bars wear on their top and base surfaces after a long furnace journey. This could result in a non-linear feed movement of the grate bar at a constant drive point, which can be compensated for by a height adjustment - taking into account the angular position of the roller conveyor guide. In the simplest case, this height adjustment can consist of additional sheets under the bearing block of the guide. It can even be set before commissioning the grate in such a way that a medium feed direction is selected in accordance with the planned duration of the furnace journey and the resulting wear on the grate bars.
- the invention provides several methods of supporting the torque that acts on the carriage from the drive.
- a non-driven axis parallel to the drive axis can be provided, that connects both sides of the car and is mounted on one side outside the underwind area; or it is only possible to use a larger, torsionally stiff, driven axle connecting both sides of the wagon, if possible, which is connected to a gusset plate on at least one wagon side outside the underwind area, which is guided by double roller bearings or plain bearings encompassing the web guides on all sides becomes.
- short carriage axles can only be connected to the side bolsters of the carriage without the drive axle connecting both sides of the carriage. This design can be used if only low torsional forces occur.
- the side bolsters of the car are then only connected to one another by the grate bar supports.
- the number of wear points has been reduced compared to the prior art to only 16 or 24 elements, depending on the type of torque arm used, with the same length of the grate.
- Figure 1 shows a plan view of a movable carriage (2).
- the grate bars (12) (Fig. 2) rest on movable grate bar supports (1) of the carriage (2).
- the carriage (2) has a non-driven axle (3) which is held on one side outside the combustion chamber (4) and the furnace wall (5) in the bearing block (6).
- the carriage (2) has a driven axle (7) on both sides of the carriage (2) outside the furnace walls (5) stored in roller conveyor guides (8) and moved by cylinders (9).
- the openings in the furnace wall (5) are closed on each axis with slot seals (10). Cylinder (9) and roller conveyor guide (8) and the grate bars (12) lie in one direction of action. It follows that the slot seal (10) is movable in the effective direction.
- FIG. 2 shows the furnace frame (17) made of steel beams to which the furnace wall (5) is fixed, which delimits the furnace.
- Grate bar supports (12) are arranged on the carriage (2), driven by axis (7) and additionally guided by axis (3).
- Additional grate bars (19) are arranged on stationary grate bar supports (20) - not mounted on the carriage (2).
- the cylinder (9) moves the axle (7) of the carriage, which rests in the bearing block (6) which is guided in the direction of movement of the movable grate bars (12) by the roller conveyor guide (8) arranged on the height-adjustable block (21).
- the axes (3, 7) pass through a slot seal (10) on the furnace wall (5).
- FIG 3 shows the axis (7) of the carriage (2) on which a disc (11) of the slot seal (10) according to section BB in Figure 1 is arranged.
- the washer (11) is mounted so that it can move longitudinally between flat seals (13).
- This labyrinth-like sealing system is enclosed by a tight housing (14) with a lid (15) and held by screw connections (16).
- the housing has a sealing air connection (18), which the space in the housing (14) outside of the flat seals (13) and the disc (11) with sealing air.
- the housing (14) of the slot seal is attached to the furnace wall (5).
- the disc (11) On the floating bearing side of the carriage, the disc (11) is provided with a seal (22) to the axis (7) so that the axis (7) can expand due to the heat, without exerting pressure on the flat seals (13).
- Figure 4 shows a side view of a sectioned axis (23) of a carriage, not shown.
- the axis (23) is designed as a torsionally rigid tube to which a gusset plate (24) is welded.
- the slot seal (25) is designed in the manner described in Figure 3.
- Upper and lower roller bearings (28), (38) and (29, 39) are arranged on the gusset plate (24) and the flanged bearing plate (31), which are supported on the roller track guide (27) on the bearing block (30) . Due to the offset of the bearing points relative to the axis (23) of the carriage, the gusset plate (24) acts like a torque arm.
- Figure 5 shows according to section CC in Figure (4) schematically a bearing on the roller conveyor guide (27), which is connected by means of screw (33) and centering bar (32) to the bearing block (30).
- the gusset plate (24) is welded to the axis (23); in front of which the bearing plate (31) is held by screwing (34).
- the storage is designed as a fixed bearing.
- FIG. 6 schematically represents another carriage according to the invention, the cheeks (41, 42) and center support (43) of which are arranged on the drive axle (44) designed as a tube.
- the movable grate bar supports (45) for the grate bars (46) lie on the cheeks (FIG. 7).
- a torsionally rigid fixed bearing (47) on the one hand and a floating bearing (48) on the other hand allow the drive axis (44) to move in path guides, as described in the previous figures.
- Slot seals (49, 50) seal the bearings from the downwind area of the furnace.
- FIG. 7 shows a schematic section along the drive axis (44) through the carriage according to FIG. 6.
- the position of the movable grate bar supports (45) with the grate bars (46) placed on them is illustrated.
- FIG. 8 schematically shows a further carriage according to the invention, the side walls (51, 52) of which each have a drive axle stub (53, 54) which is guided through the slot seal (59, 60) on the furnace wall and held in bearings (57, 58) .
- the stub axles (53, 54) are mounted analogously to the illustration in FIG. 4.
- the side cheeks (51, 52) of the carriage are connected to one another only by stable grate bar supports (55) on which the grate bars (56) are mounted, as shown in FIG.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
- Baking, Grill, Roasting (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Feuerungsrost für einen Verbrennungsofen.The invention relates to a grate for a combustion furnace.
Derartige Feuerungsroste bestehen in der Regel aus horizontalen oder schräg angeordneten dachziegelartig hintereinanderliegenden Reihen von Roststäben von denen beispielsweise jeder zweiten Reihe ein Antrieb zur Bewegung des Brenngutes und zur Verbesserung der Schürwirkung zugeordnet ist. Die Bewegung der Roststabreihen erfolgt im wesentlichen dadurch, daß mehrere Roststabreihen zusammengefaßt und von einem einzigen Antrieb betätigt werden. Ein derartiger Rost ist aus der DE-C 24 46 724 bekannt, bei der ein hinter einem Schlitten angeordneter Zylinder den Schlitten, auf dem mehrere bewegliche Roststabreihen auf Roststabträgern sitzen, in Vorschubrichtung der Roststabreihen bewegt.
Problematisch ist die Anordnung der Antriebe und Bewegungselemente im Unterwindbereich unterhalb der Feuerungsrostebene, weil sie dort einer erhöhten Störungsanfälligkeit unterliegen, bedingt durch die Feuerungstemperatur und den möglichen Durchfall von Brenngut zwischen den Roststäben. Dadurch leidet die Betriebssicherheit derartiger Antriebe, die in diesem Unterwindbereich nicht kontrolliert oder gewartet werden können, solange der Ofen in Betrieb ist.Firing grates of this type generally consist of horizontal or obliquely arranged rows of grate bars one behind the other in the manner of a roof tile, of which, for example, every second row is assigned a drive for moving the combustion material and for improving the stoking effect. The movement of the grate bar rows essentially takes place in that several rows of grate bars are combined and actuated by a single drive. Such a grate is known from DE-C 24 46 724, in which a cylinder arranged behind a slide moves the slide, on which several movable grate bar rows sit on grate bar supports, in the feed direction of the grate bar rows.
The arrangement of the drives and movement elements in the underwind area below the firing grate level is problematic because there they are subject to increased susceptibility to faults due to the firing temperature and the possible diarrhea of fired material between the grate bars. This affects the operational safety of such drives, which cannot be checked or serviced in this underwind area as long as the furnace is in operation.
Aus der DE-C 30 07 678 ist bekannt geworden, die Roststabträger auf Torsionswellen anzuordnen und diese aus dem Unterwindbereich herauszuführen, so daß die wesentlichen Teile des Antriebes wie Hubzylinder, Schwenkgestänge und Gradführungen außerhalb der Ofenwand angeordnet sind. Problematisch ist bei diesem Vorschlag, die Vielzahl der durch die Ofenwand ragenden Torsionswellen und die Vielzahl der außerhalb der Ofenwand liegenden Dreh-, Schwenk- und Gradführungen sowie der im Ofen angeordneten Roststabgelenke.From DE-C 30 07 678 it has become known to arrange the grate bar supports on torsion shafts and to guide them out of the underwind area, so that the essential parts of the drive, such as lifting cylinders, swivel linkages and straight guides are arranged outside the furnace wall. The problem with this proposal is the large number of torsion shafts projecting through the furnace wall and the large number of rotary, pivoting and degree guides lying outside the furnace wall, as well as the grate bar joints arranged in the furnace.
Ein Systemvergleich zwischen den beiden Anordnungen nach dem Stand der Technik zeigt, daß pro Rostfeld mehrere 100 bewegliche Stellen in der Antriebskette existieren.A system comparison between the two arrangements according to the prior art shows that there are several 100 movable locations in the drive chain per grate field.
Von daher liegt der Erfindung das Problem zugrunde, ein Feuerungsrost für einen Verbrennungsofen vorzuschlagen, bei dem die Zahl der Gleitstellen auf ein Minimum reduziert ist und diese möglichst alle außerhalb des Unterwindbereiches angeordnet werden sollen.The invention is therefore based on the problem of proposing a firing grate for an incinerator in which the number of sliding points is reduced to a minimum and these should all be arranged outside the underwind area if possible.
Das Problem wird erfindungsgemäß durch Anspruch 1 gelöst.
Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen erfaßt.The problem is solved according to the invention by
Advantageous developments of the invention are covered in the subclaims.
Die Erfindung ist gekennzeichnet durch ein Feuerungsrost für Verbrennungsöfen, insbesondere zur Verbrennung von Müll bestehend aus dachziegelartig hintereinanderliegenden Reihen von Roststäben mit Roststabträgern, von denen jeder zweite auf einem beweglichen Wagen gelagert ist, während die restlichen Roststabträger ortsfest sind und wobei dieser Wagen einen außerhalb des Unterwindbereiches des Feuerungsrostes gelegenen Bewegungsantrieb hat, der aus beispielsweise Hydraulikzylindern besteht, die an eine den Wagen bewegende Achse gekoppelt sind und wobei die Achse durch eine Schlitzdichtung in der Ofenwand ragt. Wichtig ist dabei, daß alle Antriebsglieder in Vorschubrichtung der Roststäbe wirken können, damit keine Schwenklager erforderlich sind.
Eine derartige Anordnung außerhalb des Unterwindbereiches ist vorteilhaft, weil damit praktisch jegliche Verschmutzung der Antriebsglieder ausgeschlossen ist und die wenigen beweglichen Antriebsglieder des Wagens, die noch vorhanden sind, außerhalb des Ofenraumes kontrolliert und gewartet werden können.The invention is characterized by a furnace grate for incinerators, in particular for the incineration of waste consisting of rows of grate bars one behind the other in the manner of roof tiles Grate bar supports, each second of which is mounted on a movable carriage, while the remaining grate bar supports are stationary, and this carriage has a movement drive which is located outside the downwind area of the firing grate and which consists, for example, of hydraulic cylinders which are coupled to an axis which moves the carriage, and wherein the axis protrudes through a slot seal in the furnace wall. It is important that all drive elements can act in the feed direction of the grate bars so that no pivot bearings are required.
Such an arrangement outside the underwind area is advantageous because practically any contamination of the drive elements is excluded and the few movable drive elements of the carriage that are still present can be checked and serviced outside the furnace space.
Der einzige kritische Punkt ist eine Schlitzdichtung, die aus einer auf der Achse abgedichteten Scheibe besteht, die ihrerseits zwischen zwei Seitenführungen innerhalb eines Gehäuses an der Wand des Ofens liegt. Die Seitenführungen können als Flachdichtung für die Scheibe augebildet sein.
Flachdichtungen haben sich bewährt und können störungsunanfällig gestaltet werden. Zur zusätzlichen Abdichtung kann der Raum zwischen beispielsweise den äußeren Flachdichtungen, also rund um die Scheibe, zusätzlich mit Sperrluft beaufschlagt werden. Damit ist sichergestellt, daß kein Staub oder ähnliches aus dem Bereich unter dem Feuerungsrost in die Schlitzdichtung eindringen und schließlich nach außen gelangen kann.The only critical point is a slot seal, which consists of a disc sealed on the axis, which in turn lies between two side guides inside a housing on the wall of the furnace. The side guides can be formed as a flat seal for the disc.
Flat gaskets have proven themselves and can be designed to be fault-free. For additional sealing, the space between, for example, the outer flat seals, that is, around the pane, can also be supplied with sealing air. This ensures that no dust or similar from the Area under the firing grate can penetrate into the slot seal and eventually escape to the outside.
In Weiterführung des Erfindungsgedankens wird die Achse außerhalb des Unterwindbereiches in einer Bahnführung, z. B. Rollenbahnführung, gelagert. Dabei kann diese Rollenbahnführung erfindungsgemäß durch ein Stahlbandrollo abgedeckt werden.In continuation of the inventive concept, the axis outside the underwind area in a web guide, z. B. roller conveyor, stored. This roller conveyor can be covered according to the invention by a steel belt roller blind.
Derartige Rollenbahnführungen und Stahlbandrollos haben sich bei grobem Betrieb bewährt und sorgen außerdem für eine sichere Führung der Wagenachse.Such roller conveyor guides and steel belt roller blinds have proven themselves in rough operation and also ensure reliable guidance of the carriage axis.
Erfahrungsgemäß verschleißen die Roststäbe nach längerer Ofenreise an ihren Ober- und Basisflächen. Dadurch könnte bei konstantem Antriebspunkt eine nichtlineare Vorschubbewegung des Roststabes entstehen, die durch eine Höhenverstellung - unter Berücksichtigung der Winkellage der Rollenbahnführung kompensiert werden kann. Diese Höhenverstellung kann im einfachsten Fall aus Zulageblechen unter dem Lagerbock der Führung bestehen. Sie kann sogar vor Inbetriebnahme des Feuerungsrostes derart eingestellt sein, daß entsprechend der Plan-Dauer der Ofenreise und dem resultierenden Verschleiß der Roststäbe, eine mittlere Vorschubrichtung gewählt wird.Experience has shown that the grate bars wear on their top and base surfaces after a long furnace journey. This could result in a non-linear feed movement of the grate bar at a constant drive point, which can be compensated for by a height adjustment - taking into account the angular position of the roller conveyor guide. In the simplest case, this height adjustment can consist of additional sheets under the bearing block of the guide. It can even be set before commissioning the grate in such a way that a medium feed direction is selected in accordance with the planned duration of the furnace journey and the resulting wear on the grate bars.
Bei der Erfindung sind mehrere Methoden der Abstützung des Drehmomentes, das von dem Antrieb auf den Wagen wirkt vorgesehen. Es kann eine zur Antriebsachse parallele, nicht angetriebene Achse vorgesehen sein, die beide Wagenseiten verbindet und einseitig außerhalb des Unterwindbereiches gelagert ist; oder es kann nur eine größere, torsionssteife, beide Wagenseiten verbindende, angetriebene Achse, wenn räumlich möglich, verwendet werden, die mindestens an einer Wagenseite außerhalb des Unterwindbereiches mit einem Zwickelblech verbunden ist, das von, allseitig die Bahnführungen umgreifende, doppelten Rollenlagern oder Gleitlagern geführt wird.The invention provides several methods of supporting the torque that acts on the carriage from the drive. A non-driven axis parallel to the drive axis can be provided, that connects both sides of the car and is mounted on one side outside the underwind area; or it is only possible to use a larger, torsionally stiff, driven axle connecting both sides of the wagon, if possible, which is connected to a gusset plate on at least one wagon side outside the underwind area, which is guided by double roller bearings or plain bearings encompassing the web guides on all sides becomes.
Schließlich können kurze Wagenachsen lediglich mit den Seitenwangen des Wagens verbunden sein, ohne daß die Antriebsachse beide Wagenseiten verbindet.
Diese Bauform kann Anwendung finden, wenn nur geringe Torsionskräfte auftreten. Die Seitenwangen des Wagens werden dann lediglich durch die Roststabträger miteinander verbunden.Finally, short carriage axles can only be connected to the side bolsters of the carriage without the drive axle connecting both sides of the carriage.
This design can be used if only low torsional forces occur. The side bolsters of the car are then only connected to one another by the grate bar supports.
Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen System ist die Zahl der Verschleißstellen im Vergleich zum Stand der Technik auf nur 16 bzw. 24 Elemente, je nach Art der angewendeten Drehmomentstütze, bei gleicher Länge des Feuerungsrostes reduziert worden.In the system according to the invention, the number of wear points has been reduced compared to the prior art to only 16 or 24 elements, depending on the type of torque arm used, with the same length of the grate.
Dies ist auch darauf zurückzuführen, daß zu wartende Gelenke im Bereich der Roststäbe bewußt vermieden werden. Die Roststäbe werden auf die Roststabträger gelegt und - soweit beweglich - nur von diesen Roststabträgern mitgenommen.This is also due to the fact that articulated joints in the area of the grate bars are deliberately avoided. The grate bars are placed on the grate bar supports and - as far as they can move - only taken along by these grate bar supports.
Anhand schematischer Zeichnungen soll die Erfindung näher erläutert werden.The invention will be explained in more detail with the aid of schematic drawings.
Es zeigen
Figur 1- eine Draufsicht auf einen beweglichen Wagen eines Feuerungsrostes,
Figur 2- eine Seitenansicht eines Feuerungsrostes analog Schnitt A-A in
Figur 1, Figur 3- einen Schnitt B-B gemäß
Figur 1 durch die Schlitzdichtung, - Figur 4
- eine Festlagerseite eines weiteren Feuerungsrostes im Teilschnitt,
Figur 5- eine Rollenbahnführung im Schnitt,
Figur 6- eine schematisierte Draufsicht auf einen anderen Wagen eines Feuerungsrostes,
Figur 7- einen schematisierten Schnitt durch den Wagen gemäß
Figur 6, Figur 8- eine schematisierte Draufsicht auf einen weiteren beweglichen Wagen eines Feuerungsrostes,
Figur 9- einen schematisierten Schnitt durch den Wagen gemäß
Figur 8.
- Figure 1
- a plan view of a moving carriage of a grate,
- Figure 2
- 2 shows a side view of a grate similar to section AA in FIG. 1,
- Figure 3
- 2 shows a section BB according to FIG. 1 through the slot seal,
- Figure 4
- a fixed bearing side of another firing grate in partial section,
- Figure 5
- a roller conveyor guide on average,
- Figure 6
- a schematic plan view of another carriage of a grate,
- Figure 7
- 3 shows a schematic section through the carriage according to FIG. 6,
- Figure 8
- a schematic plan view of another movable carriage of a grate,
- Figure 9
- a schematic section through the carriage according to Figure 8.
Figur 1 zeigt eine Draufsicht auf einen beweglichen Wagen (2). Die Roststäbe (12) (Fig. 2) liegen auf beweglichen Roststabträgern (1) des Wagens (2) auf. Der Wagen (2) hat eine nicht angetriebene Achse (3), die einseitig außerhalb des Feuerungsraumes (4) und der Ofenwand (5) im Lagerbock (6) gehalten wird. Weiterhin hat der Wagen (2) eine angetriebene Achse (7), die auf beiden Seiten des Wagens (2) außerhalb der Ofenwände (5) in Rollenbahnführungen (8) gelagert und von Zylindern (9) bewegt werden. Die Durchbrüche in der Ofenwand (5) sind auf Jeder Achse mit Schlitzdichtungen (10) verschlossen. Zylinder (9) und Rollenbahnführung (8) sowie die Roststäbe (12) liegen in einer Wirkrichtung. Daraus folgt, daß auch die Schlitzdichtung (10) in Wirkrichtung beweglich ist.Figure 1 shows a plan view of a movable carriage (2). The grate bars (12) (Fig. 2) rest on movable grate bar supports (1) of the carriage (2). The carriage (2) has a non-driven axle (3) which is held on one side outside the combustion chamber (4) and the furnace wall (5) in the bearing block (6). Furthermore, the carriage (2) has a driven axle (7) on both sides of the carriage (2) outside the furnace walls (5) stored in roller conveyor guides (8) and moved by cylinders (9). The openings in the furnace wall (5) are closed on each axis with slot seals (10). Cylinder (9) and roller conveyor guide (8) and the grate bars (12) lie in one direction of action. It follows that the slot seal (10) is movable in the effective direction.
Figur 2 zeigt das Ofengerüst (17) aus Stahlträgern an dem die Ofenwand (5) befestigt ist, die den Feuerungsraum begrenzt. Auf dem Wagen (2), angetrieben durch Achse (7) und zusätzlich geführt durch Achse (3), sind Roststabträger (12) angeordnet. Weitere Roststäbe (19) sind auf ortsfesten Roststabträgern (20) - nicht auf dem Wagen (2) gelagert - angeordnet. Der Zylinder (9) bewegt die Achse (7) des Wagens, die im Lagerbock (6) ruht, der von der, auf dem höhenverstellbaren Bock (21) angeordneten, Rollenbahnführung (8) in Bewegungsrichtung der beweglichen Roststäbe (12) geführt wird. Die Achsen (3, 7) durchgreifen eine Schlitzdichtung (10) an der Ofenwand (5).Figure 2 shows the furnace frame (17) made of steel beams to which the furnace wall (5) is fixed, which delimits the furnace. Grate bar supports (12) are arranged on the carriage (2), driven by axis (7) and additionally guided by axis (3). Additional grate bars (19) are arranged on stationary grate bar supports (20) - not mounted on the carriage (2). The cylinder (9) moves the axle (7) of the carriage, which rests in the bearing block (6) which is guided in the direction of movement of the movable grate bars (12) by the roller conveyor guide (8) arranged on the height-adjustable block (21). The axes (3, 7) pass through a slot seal (10) on the furnace wall (5).
Figur 3 zeigt die Achse (7) des Wagens (2), auf der eine Scheibe (11) der Schlitzdichtung (10) gemäß Schnitt B-B in Figur 1 angeordnet ist. Die Scheibe (11) ist zwischen Flachdichtungen (13) längsbeweglich gelagert. Dieses labyrinthartige Dichtungssystem wird durch ein dichtes Gehäuse (14) mit Deckel (15) umschlossen und durch Verschraubungen (16) gehalten. Das Gehäuse weist einen Sperrluftanschluß (18) auf, der den Raum im Gehäuse (14) außerhalb der Flachdichtungen (13) und der Scheibe (11) mit Sperrluft beaufschlagt. Das Gehäuse (14) der Schlitzdichtung ist an der Ofenwand (5) befestigt.
An der Loslagerseite des Wagens ist die Scheibe (11) mit einer Dichtung (22) zur Achse (7) versehen, damit die Achse (7) sich wärmebedingt dehnen kann, ohne Druck auf die Flachdichtungen (13) auszuüben.Figure 3 shows the axis (7) of the carriage (2) on which a disc (11) of the slot seal (10) according to section BB in Figure 1 is arranged. The washer (11) is mounted so that it can move longitudinally between flat seals (13). This labyrinth-like sealing system is enclosed by a tight housing (14) with a lid (15) and held by screw connections (16). The housing has a sealing air connection (18), which the space in the housing (14) outside of the flat seals (13) and the disc (11) with sealing air. The housing (14) of the slot seal is attached to the furnace wall (5).
On the floating bearing side of the carriage, the disc (11) is provided with a seal (22) to the axis (7) so that the axis (7) can expand due to the heat, without exerting pressure on the flat seals (13).
Figur 4 zeigt in Seitenansicht eine geschnittene Achse (23) eines nicht dargestellten Wagens.
Die Achse (23) ist als torsionssteifes Rohr ausgebildet, an das ein Zwickelblech (24) angeschweißt ist. Die Schlitzdichtung (25) ist in der gemäß Figur 3 beschriebenen Art ausgeführt.
An dem Zwickelblech (24) und dem angeflanschten Lagerschild (31) sind obere bzw. untere Rollenlager (28), (38) bzw. (29, 39) angeordnet, die sich an der Rollenbahnführung (27) auf dem Lagerbock (30) abstützen. Durch den Versatz der Lagerstellen relativ zur Achse (23) des Wagens wirkt das Zwickelblech (24) wie eine Drehmomentstütze.Figure 4 shows a side view of a sectioned axis (23) of a carriage, not shown.
The axis (23) is designed as a torsionally rigid tube to which a gusset plate (24) is welded. The slot seal (25) is designed in the manner described in Figure 3.
Upper and lower roller bearings (28), (38) and (29, 39) are arranged on the gusset plate (24) and the flanged bearing plate (31), which are supported on the roller track guide (27) on the bearing block (30) . Due to the offset of the bearing points relative to the axis (23) of the carriage, the gusset plate (24) acts like a torque arm.
Figur 5 zeigt gemäß Schnitt C-C in Figur (4) schematisch eine Lagerstelle an der Rollenbahnführung (27), die mittels Verschraubung (33) und Zentrierleiste (32) mit Lagerbock (30) verbunden ist. Mit der Achse (23) ist das Zwickelblech (24) verschweißt; vor dem durch Verschraubung (34) das Lagerschild (31) gehalten wird. Die Lagerung ist als Festlager ausgebildet. Je Lagerstelle ist ein Rollenlager (28) mit Befestigung (36) für die obere Vertikalführung und ein Rollenlager (35) zur Axialführung im Zwickelblech (24) sowie ein unteres Rollenlager (29) mit Befestigung (40) und ein seitliches Rollenlager (37) zur Axialführung im Lagerschild (31) angeordnet.Figure 5 shows according to section CC in Figure (4) schematically a bearing on the roller conveyor guide (27), which is connected by means of screw (33) and centering bar (32) to the bearing block (30). The gusset plate (24) is welded to the axis (23); in front of which the bearing plate (31) is held by screwing (34). The storage is designed as a fixed bearing. There is one roller bearing (28) with mounting (36) for the upper vertical guide and one roller bearing for each bearing point (35) for axial guidance in the gusset plate (24) as well as a lower roller bearing (29) with fastening (40) and a lateral roller bearing (37) for axial guidance in the end shield (31).
Figur 6 stellt schematisch einen anderen erfindungsgemäßen Wagen dar, dessen Wangen (41, 42) und Mittelstütze (43) auf der als Rohr ausgebildeten Antriebsachse (44) angeordnet sind.
Auf den Wangen liegen die beweglichen Roststabträger (45) für die Roststäbe (46) (Fig. 7). Eine torsionssteife Festlagerung (47) einerseits und ein Loslager (48) andererseits, lassen eine Bewegung der Antriebsachse (44) in Bahnführungen zu, wie bei den vorhergehenden Figuren beschrieben. Schlitzdichtungen (49, 50) dichten die Lager zum Unterwindbereich des Ofens ab.FIG. 6 schematically represents another carriage according to the invention, the cheeks (41, 42) and center support (43) of which are arranged on the drive axle (44) designed as a tube.
The movable grate bar supports (45) for the grate bars (46) lie on the cheeks (FIG. 7). A torsionally rigid fixed bearing (47) on the one hand and a floating bearing (48) on the other hand allow the drive axis (44) to move in path guides, as described in the previous figures. Slot seals (49, 50) seal the bearings from the downwind area of the furnace.
Figur 7 zeigt einen schematisierten Schnitt entlang der Antriebsachse (44) durch den Wagen gemäß Figur 6. Die Lage der beweglichen Roststabträger (45) mit den aufgelegten Roststäben (46) wird verdeutlicht.FIG. 7 shows a schematic section along the drive axis (44) through the carriage according to FIG. 6. The position of the movable grate bar supports (45) with the grate bars (46) placed on them is illustrated.
Figur 8 stellt schematisiert einen weiteren erfindungsgemäßen Wagen dar, dessen Seitenwangen (51, 52) jeweils einen Antriebsachsstummel (53, 54) haben, der durch die Schlitzdichtung (59, 60) an der Ofenwand geführt und in Lager (57, 58) gehalten wird.
Die Achsstummel (53, 54) sind analog der Darstellung in Figur 4 gelagert.FIG. 8 schematically shows a further carriage according to the invention, the side walls (51, 52) of which each have a drive axle stub (53, 54) which is guided through the slot seal (59, 60) on the furnace wall and held in bearings (57, 58) .
The stub axles (53, 54) are mounted analogously to the illustration in FIG. 4.
Die Seitenwangen (51, 52) des Wagens sind lediglich durch stabile Roststabträger (55) miteinander verbunden, auf denen die Roststäbe (56) lagern, wie es in Figur 9 dargestellt ist.The side cheeks (51, 52) of the carriage are connected to one another only by stable grate bar supports (55) on which the grate bars (56) are mounted, as shown in FIG.
Claims (11)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4105328 | 1991-02-18 | ||
DE4105328A DE4105328C1 (en) | 1991-02-18 | 1991-02-18 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0499910A2 true EP0499910A2 (en) | 1992-08-26 |
EP0499910A3 EP0499910A3 (en) | 1993-01-13 |
EP0499910B1 EP0499910B1 (en) | 1995-09-27 |
Family
ID=6425507
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP92102121A Expired - Lifetime EP0499910B1 (en) | 1991-02-18 | 1992-02-08 | Firing grate |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5269287A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0499910B1 (en) |
KR (1) | KR100200406B1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE4105328C1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2079704T3 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4421552A1 (en) * | 1994-01-24 | 1995-07-27 | Krupp Polysius Ag | Chill grate cooler |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6241703B1 (en) | 1996-08-19 | 2001-06-05 | Angiosonics Inc. | Ultrasound transmission apparatus having a tip |
US5971949A (en) | 1996-08-19 | 1999-10-26 | Angiosonics Inc. | Ultrasound transmission apparatus and method of using same |
DE10137520B4 (en) * | 2001-08-01 | 2004-05-13 | Martin GmbH für Umwelt- und Energietechnik | grate |
CN2573878Y (en) * | 2002-10-02 | 2003-09-17 | 马成果 | Circulating burn-up grate |
US8051786B2 (en) * | 2002-10-02 | 2011-11-08 | Chengguo Ma | Stoker grates for circulating combustible material |
DE10305994A1 (en) * | 2003-02-12 | 2004-09-02 | Ralf Paulsen | Fuel feed device for use in a furnace, has gridiron having several grid rods arranged next to each other, in which grid rods can be alternately raised or lowered relative to each other to define fuel feed direction |
CN100504171C (en) * | 2006-07-12 | 2009-06-24 | 付加强 | Grate type helical coal feeding and burning device |
IT1396788B1 (en) | 2009-11-26 | 2012-12-14 | Tm E S P A Termomeccanica Ecologia | WASTE DISPOSAL PLANT PROVIDED WITH MODULAR FRAME. |
KR20130040239A (en) * | 2010-07-30 | 2013-04-23 | 도이코스 인베스트먼츠 리미티드 | Water-cooled sliding combustion grate with parallel drive |
CN101922715B (en) * | 2010-09-01 | 2011-12-14 | 重庆科技学院 | Two-stage garbage incinerator |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE450676C (en) * | 1926-01-19 | 1927-10-13 | Vesuvio Feuerungsbau G M B H | Step grate with moving steps |
CH352283A (en) * | 1956-01-20 | 1961-02-15 | Smidth & Co As F L | Method and device for conveying and simultaneous heating or cooling of bulk goods |
US3126846A (en) * | 1964-03-31 | Incinearator grate | ||
FR2304859A1 (en) * | 1975-03-17 | 1976-10-15 | Von Roll Ag | ADVANCED GRID FOR INCINERATORS |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3373618A (en) * | 1965-08-12 | 1968-03-19 | Riley Stoker Corp | Drive for stoker |
CH567230A5 (en) * | 1973-10-08 | 1975-09-30 | Kuenstler Hans | |
US4102449A (en) * | 1976-09-10 | 1978-07-25 | United States Steel Corporation | Walking beam conveying apparatus and method |
CH637198A5 (en) * | 1979-03-14 | 1983-07-15 | Widmer & Ernst Ag | BURNING GRATE FOR COMBUSTION OVENS. |
FR2614395B1 (en) * | 1987-04-27 | 1989-07-21 | Traitement Indl Residus Urbain | BOILER FIREPLACE, ESPECIALLY FOR URBAN WASTE, WITH A GRID COMPOSED OF ALTERNATIVELY FIXED AND MOVABLE BARS WITH INCREASING ADJUSTMENT |
US4895084A (en) * | 1987-12-18 | 1990-01-23 | Morse Boulger, Inc. | Stoker for refuse incinerators |
-
1991
- 1991-02-18 DE DE4105328A patent/DE4105328C1/de not_active Revoked
-
1992
- 1992-02-08 ES ES92102121T patent/ES2079704T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-02-08 DE DE59203784T patent/DE59203784D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-02-08 EP EP92102121A patent/EP0499910B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-02-14 US US07/837,023 patent/US5269287A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-02-17 KR KR1019920002319A patent/KR100200406B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3126846A (en) * | 1964-03-31 | Incinearator grate | ||
DE450676C (en) * | 1926-01-19 | 1927-10-13 | Vesuvio Feuerungsbau G M B H | Step grate with moving steps |
CH352283A (en) * | 1956-01-20 | 1961-02-15 | Smidth & Co As F L | Method and device for conveying and simultaneous heating or cooling of bulk goods |
FR2304859A1 (en) * | 1975-03-17 | 1976-10-15 | Von Roll Ag | ADVANCED GRID FOR INCINERATORS |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4421552A1 (en) * | 1994-01-24 | 1995-07-27 | Krupp Polysius Ag | Chill grate cooler |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0499910A3 (en) | 1993-01-13 |
DE4105328C1 (en) | 1992-11-19 |
KR100200406B1 (en) | 1999-06-15 |
US5269287A (en) | 1993-12-14 |
KR920016771A (en) | 1992-09-25 |
DE59203784D1 (en) | 1995-11-02 |
ES2079704T3 (en) | 1996-01-16 |
EP0499910B1 (en) | 1995-09-27 |
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