EP0497255B1 - Delivering nozzle for media - Google Patents

Delivering nozzle for media Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0497255B1
EP0497255B1 EP92101302A EP92101302A EP0497255B1 EP 0497255 B1 EP0497255 B1 EP 0497255B1 EP 92101302 A EP92101302 A EP 92101302A EP 92101302 A EP92101302 A EP 92101302A EP 0497255 B1 EP0497255 B1 EP 0497255B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
nozzle
chamber
inlet
channel portion
impact
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP92101302A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0497255A3 (en
EP0497255A2 (en
Inventor
Fritz Zuckschwerdt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Aptar Radolfzell GmbH
Original Assignee
Erich Pfeiffer GmbH
Ing Erich Pfeiffer GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Erich Pfeiffer GmbH, Ing Erich Pfeiffer GmbH filed Critical Erich Pfeiffer GmbH
Publication of EP0497255A2 publication Critical patent/EP0497255A2/en
Publication of EP0497255A3 publication Critical patent/EP0497255A3/en
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Publication of EP0497255B1 publication Critical patent/EP0497255B1/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B11/00Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use
    • B05B11/0005Components or details
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/04Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge
    • B05B7/0416Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/10Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge producing a swirling discharge
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/34Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl
    • B05B1/3405Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl
    • B05B1/341Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet
    • B05B1/3421Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet with channels emerging substantially tangentially in the swirl chamber
    • B05B1/3431Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet with channels emerging substantially tangentially in the swirl chamber the channels being formed at the interface of cooperating elements, e.g. by means of grooves
    • B05B1/3436Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet with channels emerging substantially tangentially in the swirl chamber the channels being formed at the interface of cooperating elements, e.g. by means of grooves the interface being a plane perpendicular to the outlet axis

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a discharge nozzle according to the preamble of claim 1, in particular for flowable, atomizable media, such as those e.g. are formed by aqueous, oily or similar liquids, but also by other substances.
  • the discharge nozzle arrangement or unit is intended to be particularly suitable for discharge devices which are to be actuated for discharge manually either in a pumping movement and / or, as in the case of aerosol cans, in a valve-opening movement.
  • Such discharge nozzles are usually very small in construction and can have nozzle openings or nozzle channels with a width of less than one or half a millimeter.
  • EP-A-0 271 316 shows a discharge nozzle for the discharge of chemicals in agriculture in continuous operation. A media stream is guided against a baffle facing away from the discharge opening or deflected sideways on it into an annular chamber and is further guided from this annular chamber to the discharge opening.
  • DE-C-577 048 shows a jet washer nozzle with a catch plate for sandy filter material, the flow paths being so streamlined that any vortex formation is suppressed.
  • GB-A-2 157 591 shows a discharge nozzle for highly viscous chemicals for use in agriculture, in which the baffle surface and the directional nozzle lie opposite one another at right angles to the exit direction of the nozzle outlet opening in such a way that the baffle surface points away from the outlet opening.
  • CH-A-324 350 shows a discharge nozzle for spraying chlorobromomethane at low pressure, the outlet opening being preceded by a depression of a core body facing this, which flows in the medium in a radially inward direction for swirling in such a way that turbulence causes a converging ring jet should be.
  • This discharge nozzle has no impact atomizer but only a vortex atomizer.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a discharge nozzle for media in which disadvantages of known designs are avoided and in particular on proportionate enables a very precisely determinable, homogeneous and / or finest atomization in a simple manner.
  • the features of claim 1 are provided.
  • two or more atomizers working simultaneously or in stages are provided, which operate according to at least one of those atomizer principles which use an impact or rebound atomization, a vortex atomization, a flow atomization under accelerated flow velocity, a compressed gas atomization and a tear-off starting from a nozzle opening - or spray cone atomization are defined.
  • each or several of these atomization types can be provided, e.g. a discharge nozzle without the use of impact atomization is also conceivable.
  • At least one impact or rebound atomization is provided, which is expediently effective immediately before the medium exits the nozzle outlet opening leading to the outside.
  • a deflection atomization can also be provided in such a way that the fluid flow is subjected to at least one deflection with a deflection angle of the order of magnitude between 100 and 180 ° before the outlet and thus severe flow distortions.
  • the fluid flow can also initially against the main flow direction of the discharge nozzle and without straight line are immediately diverted in the opposite direction.
  • an impact surface is expediently provided for this purpose, against which a directional nozzle is directed and which forms a rounded guide surface for deflecting the fluid flow.
  • a spray cone media nozzle directed into a swirl chamber can also be provided, which is directed against oblique guide surfaces, at which the fluid flow can be transferred into an annular roller flow surrounding the nozzle axis.
  • a flow disturbance to increase the swirling effect can be generated by a flow directed transversely to the nozzle or chamber axis, which flows around a projection having the outlet opening of the other nozzle on the sides facing away from one another and on the end face, which also causes tear-off atomization at the edges of the nozzle projection is achieved.
  • a concentrated differential flow between the actual vortex flow in the chamber and the longitudinal flow can be achieved by means of a concentrated strand-like longitudinal flow along a part of the circumference of the chamber, which is essentially independent of the flow conditions in the remaining chamber and against which no transverse flow is expediently directed .
  • High atomizing forces can be effective in the boundary layer between these two flows.
  • the longitudinal flow can be directed against the chamber exit approximately corresponding to its cross section, so that it takes up atomized medium from the remaining chamber with the support of the transverse flow and presses it out through the chamber exit under compression or acceleration or throttling.
  • the chamber cross-section can be substantially constant and / or decrease over at least one or all of the inlets located in the region of a chamber end over a part of the chamber length, expediently almost constant over a part of its length that extends over half the chamber length or across the crossflow is and then decreases over the remaining part of approximately the same length to the other end of the chamber or to the chamber exit. This results in an annular funnel-shaped narrowing towards the chamber exit.
  • the atomizing effect can also be improved in that a media nozzle, which generates a spray cone, is directed within a chamber against at least one inclined guide surface which is inclined radially outward or rearward in the spraying direction, approximately from the nozzle axis, so that the spray jet not at right angles, but at an acute angle.
  • This guide surface which expediently extends to the inner circumference of the chamber, can be formed in a simple manner by a conical or pointed-conical ring surface, the mean diameter of which corresponds approximately to the largest impact diameter of the spray cone.
  • the tip of this cone which has a cone angle of approximately 90 °, is directed towards the media nozzle at a substantially greater distance from the width of the nozzle opening and can have a distance from the media nozzle which is of the order of half the inside width of the chamber.
  • the cone forms the end wall of the chamber opposite the media nozzle and deviating from the flat shape. This end wall expediently has a smallest distance from the cross flow to be measured in the region of its cone tip, which is approximately as large as the parallel cross-sectional extent of the cross flow or the associated flow inlet.
  • a method is particularly expedient in which liquid medium is initially mixed in without prior addition of air previous swirl influence sprayed axially into the chamber and against the opposite oblique guide surfaces, previously acted upon by an air flow lying transversely to the spray cone when leaving the spray nozzle and then transferred from the main part of the chamber into a longitudinal air flow, from which the atomized medium is passed through a chamber outlet removed and directed twice against the baffle after two deflections, first about 90 and then about 45 °. From this, the medium is discharged directly through the last channel section, which forms the outlet opening of the discharge nozzle leading to the outside.
  • the discharge nozzle can be produced very easily from two nozzle caps to be inserted into a base body, one of which accommodates a core body inside, which forms the baffle surface with one end face and / or the inclined guide surface with the other end face.
  • This nozzle cap can be substantially closed at the rear end with the other nozzle cap, which advantageously has a smaller outside width, and in such a way that on the one hand entries for the transverse and / or longitudinal flow remain open and on the other hand the rear end of the chamber enclosed by the front nozzle cap is closed.
  • the discharge nozzle according to the invention is particularly suitable for discharge devices which have two pumps which can be operated simultaneously with a single handle, namely a push-piston liquid pump which draws in from a storage vessel and a compressed air pump, so that both media of the discharge nozzle are under overpressure and possibly with a delayed controlled start of delivery or funding end can be fed.
  • a discharge device is described in DE-OS 27 22 469, to which reference is made for further details and effects.
  • the discharge nozzle 1 which is made entirely of injection molded plastic parts, is arranged on an essentially thin-walled base body 2, which is intended to overlap with a cap 3 a discharge device which has at least two pumps operating in parallel.
  • the jacket of the cap 3 forms the cylinder 4 for the pump piston of an air pump and delimits a pressure chamber 5 between this pump piston and the cap end wall.
  • a plug flange 6 directed into the cap for the plug connection with the actuating or piston tappet of a media pump, which penetrates the pump piston of the air pump in a displaceable and sealed manner.
  • the media pump can have at least one outlet valve, so that the media pump is only fed into the plug-in flange 6 from a predetermined pressure in the pump chamber.
  • the plug-in flange 6 is surrounded by a further plug-in flange 7 which lies within the cap jacket and which receives an end wall which delimits the pressure chamber 5 on the end face and which receives at least one outlet valve of the air pump, so that this air may not reach the discharge nozzle 1 until a certain chamber pressure has been reached promotes.
  • the outlet valves can be adjusted so that the start or end of delivery of the air is temporally different from that of the medium, e.g. is offset in such a way that the start of air delivery begins before the start of the delivery of the medium and / or the end of delivery of the air is later than the end of delivery of the medium.
  • the outer end face of the base body 2 facing away from the discharge device forms a pressure handle for manual operation Operation of at least one or all pumps by finger pressure, so that there is a purely manual pump drive.
  • the base body 2 forms a nozzle flange 9 which is transverse to its cap axis for receiving and holding the three separate nozzle components which essentially form the nozzle insert of the discharge nozzle 1.
  • the nozzle axis 10 is thus radial or transverse to the direction of actuation.
  • the plug-in flange 6 delimits an approximately rectangular media channel 11, which connects the outlet channel passing through the actuating plunger to the inner or rear end of the discharge nozzle 1 in a liquid-conducting manner.
  • An air channel 12 is provided approximately axially parallel to and next to the media channel 11 and connects the pressure chamber 5 to the discharge nozzle 1 between its rear and front ends.
  • the nozzle flange 9 forms a front or up to the outer circumference of the base body 2, further receiving bore 13, at the bottom of which an approximately axially aligned, but narrower and shorter and annular receiving bore 14 connects.
  • a front nozzle body 15 is fixedly inserted into the receiving bore 13, which is produced without a core, and can protrude slightly axially beyond the outer circumference of the base body 2. Before this, a smaller nozzle body 16 is frictionally inserted into the receiving bore 14 until it stops, against the front end of which the nozzle body 15 is axially struck.
  • a separate core body 17 is inserted into the nozzle body 15, while a core body 18 which engages in the nozzle body 16 is formed in one piece with the base body 2, namely is formed by the bore core of the annular receiving bore 14.
  • the core body 15 is secured with a snap connection 19 lying on its circumference, in particular axially with respect to the base body 2, whereby the nozzle body 16 is also axially secured indirectly.
  • the discharge nozzle 1 has various, successive atomization and mixing stages within the nozzle body, impingement atomization 20 being provided, through which the media stream passes after it has covered most of its flow path through the discharge nozzle 1.
  • This impact atomization 20 is located in the area of the inside of a cap end wall 21 of the nozzle body 15, which forms the outer end of the discharge nozzle 1 and the inside and / or outside of which is essentially flat.
  • the cap jacket 22 of the nozzle body 15 projects beyond the inside, which is inserted in a sealed manner into the receiving bore 13 and has the snap connection 19 between its ends on the outer circumference.
  • the nozzle body 16 has a front cap end wall 23, the essentially flat inside of which is struck against the front end wall of the core body 18, the cap jacket 24 projecting beyond this inside being firmly or essentially sealed both in the outer circumference and in FIGS Inner circumference of the receiving bore 14 engages.
  • the outer width or the outer diameter of the nozzle body 16 is approximately one third smaller than that of the nozzle body 15, but larger than its inner width.
  • a flat annular channel section 25 surrounding the latter is delimited, to which an enlarged end section of the air channel 12 is tangentially connected to a narrowly defined peripheral zone.
  • the rear end of the cap shell 22 is provided with a continuous radial groove which forms a radial passage section 26 to the common nozzle axis 10 of the nozzle bodies 15, 16 and with its radially inner end on the inner periphery of the cap shell 22 a transverse entry 27.
  • a longitudinal entry 28 is provided at the rear end of the cap jacket 22 in the area of its inner circumference, which is much narrower than the transverse entry 27, but is also directly connected to the channel section 25 in that it is practically in whose front, annular boundary surface is located.
  • the inner circumference of the cap jacket 22 is between its rear end and the core body 17 or, when the core body 17 is removed, over the entire jacket length of an almost constant cross section.
  • a chamber 29 lying approximately in the nozzle axis 10 is delimited therein, which is free of internals or interruptions over its entire cross section over approximately half its length.
  • the cap shell 22 or the chamber 29 there is at least one recessed, rectilinear and smooth-walled channel section 30 which is approximately parallel to the chamber axis and which can be diametrically opposite the transverse entry 27 and in the rear end of which the longitudinal entry 28 opens.
  • the channel section 30 extends from the rear end of the cap jacket 22 to the inside of the cap end wall 21, at which it merges approximately at right angles into a channel leg directed against the associated nozzle axis 10.
  • This channel leg does not extend as far as the nozzle axis 10 and forms at its radially inner end a further flow deflection 31 with a deflection angle between approximately 45 and 90 °, through which the flow forms approximately counter to the flow direction in the channel section 30 or against the aerosol outlet direction the discharge nozzle 1 is deflected such that it emerges through a directional nozzle 33 directed rearward at an acute angle against the axis of the impact atomizer 20.
  • the directional nozzle 33 is essentially by that formed radially inner end of the channel leg and lies approximately in the plane of the inside of the cap end wall 21.
  • the impingement atomization 20 forms a further flow deflection 32, by means of which the flow is deflected in the opposite direction, namely again in the exit direction from the discharge nozzle 1.
  • the impact atomizer 20 has a trough-shaped flat or spherical cap-shaped impact surface 34, the center of curvature of which lies in front of the front end of the discharge nozzle 1 in its axis.
  • the outer width of the impact recess is several times greater than its depth, the directional nozzle 33 lying opposite the impact surface 34 following the circumferential boundary and taking up a much smaller area than the latter.
  • the baffle surface 34 forms the bottom of a deflection chamber 35, the opposite wall of which is essentially flat and which has its greatest depth in the center in such a way that it tapers in the axial section from this center to the outer circumference at a few angular degrees.
  • the outlet opening 38 Discharge nozzle 1 forms.
  • the channel section 37 has substantially constant internal cross sections over its entire length, so that the outlet 36 is delimited in almost the entire circumference in the plane of the inside of the cap end wall 21.
  • the directional nozzle 33 surrounds the circumference of the outlet 36 over a larger arc angle of, for example, 180 °, the directional nozzle 33 and the outlet 36 being separated from one another only by a narrow ridge.
  • the width of the outlet 36 is significantly smaller than the outer width of the baffle 34, but its passage cross section is approximately equal to that the straightening nozzle 33. It is also conceivable to provide two or more longitudinal channels 30 evenly distributed over the circumference with associated longitudinal inlets 28 or straightening nozzles 33.
  • a channel section 39 is likewise delimited annularly about the associated nozzle axis 10, into which the media channel opens in the region of a limited peripheral zone and via which the media nozzle 40 formed by the nozzle body 16 underneath Pressure is supplied with liquid medium.
  • Provided on the inner circumference of the cap jacket 14 is at least one groove-shaped and approximately axial channel section 41 starting from the rear end thereof, which is continued in the inside of the cap end wall 23 by a radial channel section which opens into a swirl device 42 lying in the nozzle axis. This is e.g.
  • this chamber merges into a narrowed channel section 43 which lies in the nozzle axis, has constant cross sections over its length and forms the nozzle opening 44 of the media nozzle 40 with its front end.
  • the nozzle opening 44 is located in the front, flat end face of a truncated cone-shaped nozzle projection 45 which protrudes beyond the rest of the front of the cap end wall 23 and has a substantially smaller outside width compared to the inside width of the chamber 29.
  • the annular flat front end face of the nozzle body 16 forms with the nozzle projection 45 the rear end wall 46 of the chamber 29, into which the nozzle projection 45 protrudes a little.
  • the transverse inlet 27 is thus directed radially against the nozzle projection 45 along the rear end wall 46, the transverse inlet 27 extending further forward than the nozzle projection 45 protruding, so that part of the flow from the transverse inlet 27 flows unhindered in front of the nozzle opening 44 while a rear part washed around the nozzle projection 45.
  • the front end of the chamber 29 is delimited by a conical guide surface 47, the tip of which is directed in the nozzle axis against the nozzle opening 44, but lies essentially outside the direct flow against the transverse inlet 27.
  • the pointed cone 48 is formed in one piece by the rear end of the core body 17, in whose front end face 49 the baffle surface 34 is provided as a depression. Between this end face 49 and the pointed cone 48, the core body 17 has a e.g. cylindrical section with substantially constant outer cross-sections, with which the core body 17 is firmly inserted into the inner circumference of the cap shell 22 in such a way that its front end face 49 lies essentially sealed against the inner end face of the cap end wall 21.
  • the longitudinal channel 30 is formed by a longitudinal groove 50, the open longitudinal groove side of which lies in the inner circumference of the cap jacket 22 and is directed against the nozzle axis 10.
  • the longitudinal inlet 28 extends only over a part of the depth of the longitudinal groove 50 adjoining the groove base 51, since the radial distance of the groove base 51 from the nozzle axis 10 is slightly larger than the outer circumference of the nozzle body 16 in the region its rear end 53 is.
  • the radial extent of the longitudinal entry 28 is substantially less than half the groove depth.
  • the longitudinal inlet 28 forms a slot which is delimited on one longitudinal side by the groove base 51 and on the other longitudinal side by the outer circumference of the nozzle body 16, so that its longitudinal direction extends around the nozzle axis 10.
  • the longitudinal opening of the groove 50 is closed by the cylindrical section of the core body 17, so that here the channel section 30 is delimited in its cross section over its circumference, while it is between the end walls of the chamber 29 on its radially inner longitudinal side is essentially open at full width.
  • the flanks of the channel section 30 can be approximately parallel to one another or can diverge slightly from the open long side.
  • the guide surface 47 extends to the beginning of the part of the channel section 30 which is closed over the circumference and which forms the single chamber exit 52 at this point, although two or three chamber exits distributed over the circumference are also conceivable in accordance with the channel sections 30.
  • the discharge nozzle works according to the following procedure: By depressing the handle 8, air is pressed from the pressure chamber 5 via the air duct 12 into the duct section 25 and from there through the transverse entry 27 into the chamber 29 and through the longitudinal entry 28 along the groove bottom 51 into the duct section 30. Simultaneously or slightly later, with the media pump, liquid is pressed into the channel section 39 via the media channel 11 and through the channel section 41 into the swirl device 42 in such a way that an aerosol spray cone emerges into the chamber 29 from the nozzle opening 44 and is directed against the guide surface 47.
  • a flowing gas or air cover is provided on at least one channel section 30 of the nozzle channel of a discharge nozzle 1 in order to convey an aerosol that has already formed essentially without contacting the wall.
  • This aerosol is then, while keeping the flow velocity constant or further accelerated, fed directly via the deflection 31 to the directional nozzle 33 formed by its outlet and pressed against the baffle surface 34. With a further increase in the degree of fineness, the aerosol is deflected again at the impact surface 34 and discharged directly via the channel section 37.
  • the length of the channel section 37 is several times greater than its clear width, which in turn is significantly greater than that of the channel section 43.
  • the total passage cross section of the air inlets 27, 28 is, however, significantly larger than the passage cross section of the channel section 37, the passage cross section of the longitudinal inlet 28 expediently being several times smaller than that of the transverse inlet 27.
  • the boundary edges of at least one or all of the entrances or exits can expediently be sharp-edged in order to achieve favorable tear-off flows and possibly further atomization at the edge of the outlet opening 38.
  • the passage cross section of the channel section 30 is expediently substantially larger than that of the longitudinal inlet 28, and the width of the transverse inlet 27 can be approximately the same as or larger than the outer width of the nozzle projection 45.
  • the passage cross section of the channel section 30 or the directional nozzle 33 can be of the order of magnitude of the passage cross section of the channel section 37.
  • the passage cross section of the radial channel leg or channels adjoining the channel sections 30 is expediently continuously narrowed in the flow direction in that the opposite channel flanks converge at an acute angle.
  • the total flow cross-section of the straightening nozzle 33 or the directional nozzles is then advantageously smaller than the flow cross-section of the channel section 37, but smaller than the total flow cross-section of the longitudinal inlet or openings 28.
  • each directional nozzle 33 extends only over a relatively small arc angle of The circumference of the outlet 36 so that adjacent directional nozzles 33 can be at a greater distance from each other.
  • the transverse entry 27 can advantageously also be arranged in such a way that it is not directly opposite a channel section 30, but is provided, for example, in the case of three evenly distributed channel sections 30 directly adjacent to one of these channel sections.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 show an embodiment with a single channel section 30 opposite the inlet 27, while FIG. 5 shows an embodiment with three channel sections 30, none of which are diametrically opposed to the inlet 27.

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  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)
  • Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

In a discharge nozzle (1) through an inner nozzle opening (44) liquid is sprayed in a spray cone against a pointed conical guidance surface (47) in a chamber (29) and in its zone at the nozzle opening (44) said spray cone is transversely exposed to the action of a compressed air flow from a transverse inlet (27). Roughly facing the transverse inlet (27) in a slot-shaped channel portion (30) of the chamber (29) an air flow is passed from a longitudinal inlet (28) to a chamber outlet (52), to which is transferred the aerosol produced in the chamber (29), which is accelerated and then, after deflection at (31), is directed in the opposite direction against the impact surface (34) of an impact atomizer (20), where there is a deflection (32) in the opposite direction and then the very fine aerosol is immediately discharged through an end channel portion (37) and an outlet (38) into the open.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Austragdüse nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1, insbesondere für fließfähige, zerstäubbare Medien, wie sie z.B. durch wässrige, ölige oder ähnliche Flüssigkeiten, aber auch durch andere Stoffe, gebildet sind. Die Austragdüsen-Anordnung bzw. -einheit soll dabei insbesondere für solche Austragvorrichtungen geeignet sein, die für den Austrag manuell entweder in einer Pumpbewegung und/oder wie bei Aerosoldosen in einer Ventil-Öffnungsbewegung zu betätigen sind. Solche Austragdüsen sind baulich meist sehr klein und können Düsenöffnungen bzw. Düsenkanäle mit einer Weite von weniger als einem oder einem halben Millimeter haben.The invention relates to a discharge nozzle according to the preamble of claim 1, in particular for flowable, atomizable media, such as those e.g. are formed by aqueous, oily or similar liquids, but also by other substances. The discharge nozzle arrangement or unit is intended to be particularly suitable for discharge devices which are to be actuated for discharge manually either in a pumping movement and / or, as in the case of aerosol cans, in a valve-opening movement. Such discharge nozzles are usually very small in construction and can have nozzle openings or nozzle channels with a width of less than one or half a millimeter.

Insbesondere beim Austrag kleiner dosierter Medienmengen, die nur unter verhältnismäßig geringen bzw. ungleichmäßigen Drücken gefördert werden können, ist eine Aufbereitung in feinstverteilte Tröpfchen bzw. in einen feinen pulvrigen Sprühnebel sehr schwierig, wobei selbst mit mehrstufiger Düsenzerstäubung bislang eine Tröpfchengröße unter etwa 20 µ kaum zu erreichen war.Especially when dispensing small doses of media that are only relatively small or uneven Pressure can be promoted, processing into finely divided droplets or into a fine powdery spray mist is very difficult, even with multi-stage nozzle atomization, a droplet size below about 20 μ has so far been difficult to achieve.

Die EP-A-0 271 316 zeigt eine Austragdüse zum Austrag von Chemikalien in der Landwirtschaft im Dauerbetrieb. Ein Medienstrom wird dabei gegen eine von der Austragöffnung weggerichtete Prallfläche geführt bzw. an dieser seitwärts in eine Ringkammer umgelenkt und von dieser Ringkammer weiter zur Austragöffnung geführt. Die DE-C-577 048 zeigt eine Strahlwäscher-Düse mit einem Fangteller für sandiges Filtermaterial, wobei die Strömungswege so stromlinienförmig gestaltet sind, daß jegliche Wirbelbildung unterdrückt ist.EP-A-0 271 316 shows a discharge nozzle for the discharge of chemicals in agriculture in continuous operation. A media stream is guided against a baffle facing away from the discharge opening or deflected sideways on it into an annular chamber and is further guided from this annular chamber to the discharge opening. DE-C-577 048 shows a jet washer nozzle with a catch plate for sandy filter material, the flow paths being so streamlined that any vortex formation is suppressed.

Die GB-A-2 157 591 zeigt eine Austragdüse für hochviskose Chemikalien zur Anwendung in der Landwirtschaft, bei welcher die Prallfläche und die Richtdüse einander rechtwinklig zur Austrittsrichtung der Düsen-Austrittsöffnung so gegenüberliegen, daß die Prallfläche von der Austrittsöffnung wegweist. Die CH-A-324 350 zeigt eine Austragdüse zur Verspritzung von Chlorobromomethan bei niedrigem Druck, wobei der Austrittsöffnung eine zur dieser weisende Vertiefung eines Kernkörpers vorgeschaltet ist, welcher das Medium radial einwärts gerichtet zur Verwirbelung so zuströmt, daß Turbulenzen zur Erzeugung eines konvergierenden Ringstrahles bewirkt werden sollen. Diese Austragdüse weist keinen Prallzerstäuber sonderen lediglich einen Wirbelzerstäuber auf.GB-A-2 157 591 shows a discharge nozzle for highly viscous chemicals for use in agriculture, in which the baffle surface and the directional nozzle lie opposite one another at right angles to the exit direction of the nozzle outlet opening in such a way that the baffle surface points away from the outlet opening. CH-A-324 350 shows a discharge nozzle for spraying chlorobromomethane at low pressure, the outlet opening being preceded by a depression of a core body facing this, which flows in the medium in a radially inward direction for swirling in such a way that turbulence causes a converging ring jet should be. This discharge nozzle has no impact atomizer but only a vortex atomizer.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Austragdüse für Medien zu schaffen, bei welcher Nachteile bekannter Ausbildungen vermieden sind und die insbesondere auf verhältnismäßig einfache Weise eine sehr genau bestimmbare, homogene und/oder feinste Zerstäubung ermöglicht.The invention has for its object to provide a discharge nozzle for media in which disadvantages of known designs are avoided and in particular on proportionate enables a very precisely determinable, homogeneous and / or finest atomization in a simple manner.

Erfindungsgemäß sind die Merkmale des Patentanspruches 1 vorgesehen. Vorzugsweise sind zwei oder mehr gleichzeitig bzw. in Stufen aufeinanderfolgend arbeitende Zerstäuber vorgesehen, die nach mindestens einem derjenigen Zerstäuberprinzipien arbeiten, die durch eine Prall- bzw. Rückprallzerstäubung, eine Wirbelzerstäubung, eine Strömungszerstäubung unter beschleunigter Strömungsgeschwindigkeit, eine Druckgaszerstäubung und eine von einer Düsenöffnung ausgehende Abreiß- bzw. Sprühkegelzerstäubung definiert sind. Je nach den hinsichtlich der Zerstäubung relevanten Eigenschaften des zu zerstäubenden Mediums kann jede einzelne oder können mehrere dieser Zerstäubungsarten vorgesehen werden, wobei z.B. auch eine Austragdüse ohne Verwendung einer Prallzerstäubung denkbar ist.According to the invention, the features of claim 1 are provided. Preferably, two or more atomizers working simultaneously or in stages are provided, which operate according to at least one of those atomizer principles which use an impact or rebound atomization, a vortex atomization, a flow atomization under accelerated flow velocity, a compressed gas atomization and a tear-off starting from a nozzle opening - or spray cone atomization are defined. Depending on the properties of the medium to be atomized which are relevant with regard to atomization, each or several of these atomization types can be provided, e.g. a discharge nozzle without the use of impact atomization is also conceivable.

Bevorzugt jedoch und für die meisten Medien gleichermaßen vorteilhaft, ist mindestens eine Prall- bzw. Rückprallzerstäubung vorgesehen, die zweckmäßig unmittelbar vor Austritt des Mediums aus der ins Freie führenden Düsen-Austrittsöffnung wirksam ist. Stattdessen oder zusätzlich kann aber auch eine Umlenkzerstäubung dergestalt vorgesehen sein, daß der Fluidstrom vor dem Austritt mindestens einer Umlenkung mit einem Umlenkungswinkel in der Größenordnung zwischen 100 und 180° und damit starken Strömungsverzerrungen unterworfen wird. Der Fluidstrom kann dabei auch zunächst entgegen der Hauptströmungsrichtung der Austragdüse und ohne Geradführung sofort wieder entgegengesetzt umgelenkt werden. Anstatt den Fluidstrom mit hoher Strömungsgeschwindigkeit auf ein Fluidpolster aufprallen zu lassen, ist hierfür zweckmäßig eine Prallfläche vorgesehen, gegen die eine Richtdüse gerichtet ist und welche eine ausgerundete Leitfläche zur Umlenkung des Fluidstromes bildet.However, preferably and equally advantageous for most media, at least one impact or rebound atomization is provided, which is expediently effective immediately before the medium exits the nozzle outlet opening leading to the outside. Instead or in addition, however, a deflection atomization can also be provided in such a way that the fluid flow is subjected to at least one deflection with a deflection angle of the order of magnitude between 100 and 180 ° before the outlet and thus severe flow distortions. The fluid flow can also initially against the main flow direction of the discharge nozzle and without straight line are immediately diverted in the opposite direction. Instead of letting the fluid flow impinge on a fluid cushion at high flow velocity, an impact surface is expediently provided for this purpose, against which a directional nozzle is directed and which forms a rounded guide surface for deflecting the fluid flow.

Stattdessen oder zusätzlich kann auch eine in eine Wirbelkammer gerichtete Sprühkegel-Mediendüse vorgesehen sein, die gegen schräge Leitflächen gerichtet ist, an welchen der Fluidstrom in eine die Düsenachse umgebende, ringförmige Walzenströmung überführt werden kann. Eine Strömungsstörung zur Erhöhung des Verwirbelungseffektes kann durch eine quer zur Düsen- bzw. Kammerachse gerichtete Strömung erzeugt werden, welche einen die Austrittsöffnung der anderen Düse stirnseitig aufweisenden Vorsprung an voneinander abgekehrten Seiten und an der Stirnseite umströmt, wodurch auch eine Abreiß-Zerstäubung an den Kanten des Düsenvorsprunges erzielt wird.Instead or in addition, a spray cone media nozzle directed into a swirl chamber can also be provided, which is directed against oblique guide surfaces, at which the fluid flow can be transferred into an annular roller flow surrounding the nozzle axis. A flow disturbance to increase the swirling effect can be generated by a flow directed transversely to the nozzle or chamber axis, which flows around a projection having the outlet opening of the other nozzle on the sides facing away from one another and on the end face, which also causes tear-off atomization at the edges of the nozzle projection is achieved.

Durch eine konzentrierte, von den Strömungsverhältnissen in der übrigen Kammer im wesentlichen unabhängige, strangartige Längsströmung entlang eines Teiles des Umfanges der Kammer, gegen die zweckmäßig keine Querströmung direkt gerichtet ist, kann eine starke Differenzströmung zwischen der eigentlichen Wirbelströmung in der Kammer und der Längsströmung erzielt werden. In der Grenzschicht zwischen diesen beiden Strömungen können hohe Zerstäubungskräfte wirksam werden. Ferner kann die Längsströmung gegen den etwa ihrem Querschnitt entsprechenden Kammerausgang gerichtet sein, so daß sie unter Unterstützung durch die Querströmung zerstäubtes Medium aus der übrigen Kammer aufnimmt und unter Verdichtung bzw. Beschleunigung oder Drosselung durch den Kammerausgang herauspreßt.A concentrated differential flow between the actual vortex flow in the chamber and the longitudinal flow can be achieved by means of a concentrated strand-like longitudinal flow along a part of the circumference of the chamber, which is essentially independent of the flow conditions in the remaining chamber and against which no transverse flow is expediently directed . High atomizing forces can be effective in the boundary layer between these two flows. Furthermore, the longitudinal flow can be directed against the chamber exit approximately corresponding to its cross section, so that it takes up atomized medium from the remaining chamber with the support of the transverse flow and presses it out through the chamber exit under compression or acceleration or throttling.

Der Kammerquerschnitt kann von mindestens einem oder allen zweckmäßig im Bereich eines Kammerendes liegenden Einlässen über einen Teil der Kammerlänge im wesentlichen konstant sein und/oder abnehmen, wobei er zweckmäßig auf einen über die Hälfte der Kammerlänge bzw. über die Querströmung hinausreichenden Teil seiner Länge nahezu konstant ist und dann über den restlichen, etwa gleich langen Teil bis zum anderen Kammerende bzw. bis zum Kammerausgang abnimmt. Dadurch ergibt sich eine ringtrichterförmige Verengung zum Kammerausgang.The chamber cross-section can be substantially constant and / or decrease over at least one or all of the inlets located in the region of a chamber end over a part of the chamber length, expediently almost constant over a part of its length that extends over half the chamber length or across the crossflow is and then decreases over the remaining part of approximately the same length to the other end of the chamber or to the chamber exit. This results in an annular funnel-shaped narrowing towards the chamber exit.

Die Zerstäubungswirkung kann auch dadurch verbessert werden, daß eine Mediendüse, die einen Sprühkegel erzeugt, innerhalb einer Kammer gegen mindestens eine schräge Leitfläche gerichtet ist, die in der Sprührichtung etwa von der Düsenachse radial nach außen bzw. nach hinten geneigt ist, so daß der Sprühstrahl nicht rechtwinklig, sondern unter einem spitzen Winkel auftrifft. Diese Leitfläche, die zweckmäßig bis zum Innenumfang der Kammer reicht, kann in einfacher Weise durch eine kegelige bzw. spitzkegelige Ringfläche gebildet sein, deren mittlerer Durchmesser etwa dem größten Auftreffdurchmesser des Sprühkegels entspricht. Die Spitze dieses Kegels, der einen Kegelwinkel von etwa 90° hat, ist in einem gegenüber der Weite der Düsenöffnung wesentlich größeren Abstand gegen die Mediendüse gerichtet und kann einen Abstand von der Mediendüse haben, der in der Größenordnung der Hälfte der Innenweite der Kammer liegt. Der Kegel bildet die der Mediendüse gegenüberliegende, von der ebenen Form abweichende Endwand der Kammer. Zweckmäßig hat diese Endwand einen im Bereich ihrer Kegelspitze zu messenden kleinsten Abstand von der Querströmung, der etwa so groß wie die dazu parallele Querschnittserstreckung der Querströmung bzw. des zugehörigen Strömungseintrittes ist.The atomizing effect can also be improved in that a media nozzle, which generates a spray cone, is directed within a chamber against at least one inclined guide surface which is inclined radially outward or rearward in the spraying direction, approximately from the nozzle axis, so that the spray jet not at right angles, but at an acute angle. This guide surface, which expediently extends to the inner circumference of the chamber, can be formed in a simple manner by a conical or pointed-conical ring surface, the mean diameter of which corresponds approximately to the largest impact diameter of the spray cone. The tip of this cone, which has a cone angle of approximately 90 °, is directed towards the media nozzle at a substantially greater distance from the width of the nozzle opening and can have a distance from the media nozzle which is of the order of half the inside width of the chamber. The cone forms the end wall of the chamber opposite the media nozzle and deviating from the flat shape. This end wall expediently has a smallest distance from the cross flow to be measured in the region of its cone tip, which is approximately as large as the parallel cross-sectional extent of the cross flow or the associated flow inlet.

Besonders zweckmäßig ist ein Verfahren, bei welchem flüssiges Medium zunächst ohne vorangehende Luftbeimischung unter vorangehender Drallbeeinflussung axial in die Kammer und gegen die gegenüberliegenden schrägen Leitflächen gesprüht, zuvor beim Verlassen der Sprühdüse von einem quer zum Sprühkegel liegenden Luftstrom beaufschlagt und dann aus dem Hauptteil der Kammer in eine Längs-Luftströmung überführt wird, von welcher das zerstäubte Medium durch einen Kammerausgang herausgenommen und nach zweimaliger Umlenkung von zunächst etwa 90 und dann etwa 45° gegen die Prallfläche gerichtet wird. Von dieser wird das Medium unmittelbar durch den letzten, die ins Freie führende Austrittsöffnung der Austragdüse bildenden Kanalabschnitt ins Freie ausgetragen. Es hat sich gezeigt, daß, wenn am Ausgang der Mediendüse eine Sprüh-Tröpfchengröße des Mediums von etwa 70 bis 100 µ zu erzielen ist, dadurch am Ausgang der Austrittsöffnung eine Tröpfchengröße von nur 8 µ erreicht wird. Wesentlich ist dabei auch, daß der gegen die Prallfläche gerichtete Medienstrom nach dem Aufprallen nicht an einer Außenkante der Prallfläche zu deren Rückseite geführt, sondern an der Prallfläche quasi in entgegengesetzter Richtung reflektiert und in dieser Reflektionsrichtung weitergefördert wird. Die Prallfläche bildet daher den Boden einer im wesentlichen geschlossenen, sehr flachen bzw. linsen- oder halblinsenförmigen Kammer, deren Begrenzungen nur im Bereich mindestens eines Einganges und mindestens eines Ausganges offen ist.A method is particularly expedient in which liquid medium is initially mixed in without prior addition of air previous swirl influence sprayed axially into the chamber and against the opposite oblique guide surfaces, previously acted upon by an air flow lying transversely to the spray cone when leaving the spray nozzle and then transferred from the main part of the chamber into a longitudinal air flow, from which the atomized medium is passed through a chamber outlet removed and directed twice against the baffle after two deflections, first about 90 and then about 45 °. From this, the medium is discharged directly through the last channel section, which forms the outlet opening of the discharge nozzle leading to the outside. It has been shown that if a spray droplet size of the medium of about 70 to 100 μm can be achieved at the outlet of the media nozzle, a droplet size of only 8 μm is thereby achieved at the outlet of the outlet opening. It is also important that the media stream directed against the impact surface does not lead to an impact on the outer edge of the impact surface to the rear side of the impact surface, but rather reflects on the impact surface in the opposite direction and is conveyed further in this direction of reflection. The impact surface therefore forms the bottom of an essentially closed, very flat or lenticular or semi-lenticular chamber, the boundaries of which are open only in the area of at least one entrance and at least one exit.

Die Austragdüse läßt sich sehr einfach aus zwei in einen Grundkörper einzusetzenden Düsenkappen herstellen, von denen eine im Innern einen Kernkörper aufnimmt, welcher mit einer Stirnfläche die Prallfläche und/oder mit der anderen Stirnfläche die geneigte Leitfläche bildet. Diese Düsenkappe kann am hinteren Ende mit der anderen, zweckmäßig eine kleinere Außenweite aufweisenden Düsenkappe im wesentlichen und so verschlossen sein, daß einerseits Eintritte für die Quer- und/oder die Längsströmung offen bleiben und andererseits das hintere Ende der von der vorderen Düsenkappe umschlossenen Kammer geschlossen ist.The discharge nozzle can be produced very easily from two nozzle caps to be inserted into a base body, one of which accommodates a core body inside, which forms the baffle surface with one end face and / or the inclined guide surface with the other end face. This nozzle cap can be substantially closed at the rear end with the other nozzle cap, which advantageously has a smaller outside width, and in such a way that on the one hand entries for the transverse and / or longitudinal flow remain open and on the other hand the rear end of the chamber enclosed by the front nozzle cap is closed.

Die erfindungsgemäße Austragdüse eignet sich insbesondere für Austragvorrichtungen, die zwei mit einer einzigen Handhabe simultan zu betätigende Pumpen, nämlich eine aus einem Speichergefäß nachsaugende Schubkolben-Flüssigkeitspumpe und eine Druckluftpumpe, aufweisen, so daß beide Medien der Austragdüse unter Überdruck und ggf. mit verzögert gesteuertem Förderbeginn bzw. Förderende zugeführt werden können. Eine solche Austragvorrichtung ist in der DE-OS 27 22 469 beschrieben, auf die wegen weiterer Einzelheiten und Wirkungen Bezug genommen wird.The discharge nozzle according to the invention is particularly suitable for discharge devices which have two pumps which can be operated simultaneously with a single handle, namely a push-piston liquid pump which draws in from a storage vessel and a compressed air pump, so that both media of the discharge nozzle are under overpressure and possibly with a delayed controlled start of delivery or funding end can be fed. Such a discharge device is described in DE-OS 27 22 469, to which reference is made for further details and effects.

Diese und weitere Merkmale gehen außer aus den Ansprüchen auch aus der Beschreibung und den Zeichnungen hervor, wobei die einzelnen Merkmale jeweils für sich allein oder zu mehreren in Form von Unterkombinationen bei einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung und auf anderen Gebieten verwirklicht sein und vorteilhafte sowie für sich schutzfähige Ausführungen darstellen können, für die hier Schutz beansprucht wird. Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in den Zeichnungen dargestellt und wird im folgenden näher erläutert. In den Zeichnungen zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine erfindungsgemäße Austragdüse an einem Betätigungs- und Austragkopf im Axialschnitt,
Fig. 2
einen Querschnitt durch die Anordnung nach Fig. 1,
Fig. 3
eine Ausschnittsvergrößerung des Querschnittes nach Fig. 2 mit ebenfalls geschnittener Austragdüse,
Fig. 4
einen Querschnitt etwa nach der Linie IV-IV in Fig. 1 und
Fig. 5
einen Querschnitt etwa nach der Linie V-V in Fig. 3.
These and other features emerge from the claims and also from the description and the drawings, the individual features being realized individually or in groups in the form of sub-combinations in one embodiment of the invention and in other fields and being advantageous and protectable per se Can represent versions for which protection is claimed here. An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawings and is explained in more detail below. The drawings show:
Fig. 1
a discharge nozzle according to the invention on an actuating and discharge head in axial section,
Fig. 2
2 shows a cross section through the arrangement according to FIG. 1,
Fig. 3
3 shows an enlarged section of the cross section according to FIG. 2 with the discharge nozzle also cut,
Fig. 4
a cross section approximately along the line IV-IV in Fig. 1 and
Fig. 5
a cross section approximately along the line VV in Fig. 3rd

Die vollständig aus Kunststoff-Spritzteilen hergestellte Austragdüse 1 ist an einem im wesentlichen dünnwandig gehäuseförmigen Grundkörper 2 angeordnet, der dazu bestimmt ist, mit einer Kappe 3 eine Austragvorrichtung zu übergreifen, die mindestens zwei parallel arbeitende Pumpen aufweist. Der Mantel der Kappe 3 bildet den Zylinder 4 für den Pumpkolben einer Luftpumpe und begrenzt zwischen diesem Pumpkolben und der Kappenstirnwand eine Druckkammer 5. Im Zentrum der Kappenstirnwand liegt ein in die Kappe gerichteter Steckflansch 6 zur Steckverbindung mit dem Betätigungs- bzw. Kolbenstößel einer Medienpumpe, der den Pumpkolben der Luftpumpe verschiebbar und abgedichtet durchsetzt. Die Medienpumpe kann mindestens ein Auslaßventil aufweisen, so daß erst ab einem vorbestimmten Druck in der Pumpenkammer der Medienpumpe in den Steckflansch 6 gefördert wird. Der Steckflansch 6 ist von einem weiteren, innerhalb des Kappenmantels liegenden Steckflansch 7 umgeben, welcher eine die Druckkammer 5 stirnseitig begrenzende Endwand aufnimmt, welche mindestens ein Auslaßventil der Luftpumpe aufnimmt, so daß auch diese ggf. erst nach Erreichen eines bestimmten Kammerdruckes Luft zur Austragdüse 1 fördert. Die Auslaßventile können so justiert sein, daß der Förderbeginn bzw. das Förderende der Luft zeitlich gegenüber demjenigen des Mediums z.B. so versetzt ist, daß der Förderbeginn der Luft bereits vor dem Förderbeginn des Mediums einsetzt und/oder das Förderende der Luft später als das Förderende des Mediums liegt.The discharge nozzle 1, which is made entirely of injection molded plastic parts, is arranged on an essentially thin-walled base body 2, which is intended to overlap with a cap 3 a discharge device which has at least two pumps operating in parallel. The jacket of the cap 3 forms the cylinder 4 for the pump piston of an air pump and delimits a pressure chamber 5 between this pump piston and the cap end wall. In the center of the cap end wall there is a plug flange 6 directed into the cap for the plug connection with the actuating or piston tappet of a media pump, which penetrates the pump piston of the air pump in a displaceable and sealed manner. The media pump can have at least one outlet valve, so that the media pump is only fed into the plug-in flange 6 from a predetermined pressure in the pump chamber. The plug-in flange 6 is surrounded by a further plug-in flange 7 which lies within the cap jacket and which receives an end wall which delimits the pressure chamber 5 on the end face and which receives at least one outlet valve of the air pump, so that this air may not reach the discharge nozzle 1 until a certain chamber pressure has been reached promotes. The outlet valves can be adjusted so that the start or end of delivery of the air is temporally different from that of the medium, e.g. is offset in such a way that the start of air delivery begins before the start of the delivery of the medium and / or the end of delivery of the air is later than the end of delivery of the medium.

Die von der Austragvorrichtung abgekehrte äußere Stirnseite des Grundkörpers 2 bildet eine Druck-Handhabe zur manuellen Betätigung mindestens einer oder aller Pumpen durch Fingerdruck, so daß sich ein rein manueller Pumpenantrieb ergibt. Zwischen der Handhabe 8 und der Druckkammer 5 bildet der Grundkörper 2 einen zu seiner Kappenachse querliegenden Düsenflansch 9 zur Aufnahme und lagefesten Halterung der drei gesonderten, den Düseneinsatz der Austragdüse 1 im wesentlichen bildenden Düsen-Bauteile. Die Düsenachse 10 liegt damit radial bzw. quer zur Betätigungsrichtung. Der Steckflansch 6 begrenzt einen annähernd rechtwinkligen Medienkanal 11, welcher den den Betätigungsstößel durchsetzenden Auslaßkanal mit dem inneren bzw. hinteren Ende der Austragdüse 1 flüssigkeitsleitend verbindet.The outer end face of the base body 2 facing away from the discharge device forms a pressure handle for manual operation Operation of at least one or all pumps by finger pressure, so that there is a purely manual pump drive. Between the handle 8 and the pressure chamber 5, the base body 2 forms a nozzle flange 9 which is transverse to its cap axis for receiving and holding the three separate nozzle components which essentially form the nozzle insert of the discharge nozzle 1. The nozzle axis 10 is thus radial or transverse to the direction of actuation. The plug-in flange 6 delimits an approximately rectangular media channel 11, which connects the outlet channel passing through the actuating plunger to the inner or rear end of the discharge nozzle 1 in a liquid-conducting manner.

Etwa achsparallel zum und neben dem Medienkanal 11 ist ein Luftkanal 12 vorgesehen, welche die Druckkammer 5 mit der Austragdüse 1 zwischen deren hinteren und vorderen Ende verbindet. Der Düsenflansch 9 bildet eine vordere bzw. bis zum Außenumfang des Grundkörpers 2 reichende, weitere Aufnahmebohrung 13, an deren Boden eine etwa achsgleiche, jedoch engere und kürzere sowie ringförmige Aufnahmebohrung 14 anschließt. In die kernfrei hergestellte Aufnahmebohrung 13 ist ein vorderer Düsenkörper 15 festsitzend eingesetzt, der axial über den Außenumfang des Grundkörpers 2 geringfügig vorstehen kann. Zuvor ist in die Aufnahmebohrung 14 reibungsschlüssig ein kleinerer Düsenkörper 16 bis zum Anschlag festsitzend eingesetzt, gegen dessen vorderes Ende der Düsenkörper 15 axial angeschlagen ist. In den Düsenkörper 15 ist ein gesonderter Kernkörper 17 eingesetzt, während ein in den Düsenkörper 16 angeschlagen eingreifender Kernkörper 18 einteilig mit dem Grundkörper 2 ausgebildet, nämlich durch den Bohrungskern der ringförmigen Aufnahmebohrung 14 gebildet ist. Der Kernkörper 15 ist mit einer an seinem Umfang liegenden Schnappverbindung 19 insbesondere axial gegenüber dem Grundkörper 2 gesichert, wodurch mittelbar auch der Düsenkörper 16 axial gesichert ist.An air channel 12 is provided approximately axially parallel to and next to the media channel 11 and connects the pressure chamber 5 to the discharge nozzle 1 between its rear and front ends. The nozzle flange 9 forms a front or up to the outer circumference of the base body 2, further receiving bore 13, at the bottom of which an approximately axially aligned, but narrower and shorter and annular receiving bore 14 connects. A front nozzle body 15 is fixedly inserted into the receiving bore 13, which is produced without a core, and can protrude slightly axially beyond the outer circumference of the base body 2. Before this, a smaller nozzle body 16 is frictionally inserted into the receiving bore 14 until it stops, against the front end of which the nozzle body 15 is axially struck. A separate core body 17 is inserted into the nozzle body 15, while a core body 18 which engages in the nozzle body 16 is formed in one piece with the base body 2, namely is formed by the bore core of the annular receiving bore 14. The core body 15 is secured with a snap connection 19 lying on its circumference, in particular axially with respect to the base body 2, whereby the nozzle body 16 is also axially secured indirectly.

Die Austragdüse 1 weist innerhalb der Düsenkörper verschiedene, aufeinanderfolgende Zerstäubungs- und Mischstufen auf, wobei eine Prallzerstäubung 20 vorgesehen ist, welche der Medienstrom passiert, nachdem er den größten Teil seines Strömungsweges durch die Austragdüse 1 zurückgelegt hat. Diese Prallzerstäubung 20 liegt im Bereich der Innenseite einer Kappenstirnwand 21 des Düsenkörpers 15, die das äußere Ende der Austragdüse 1 bildet und deren Innen- und/oder Außenseite im wesentlichen eben ist. Über die Innenseite steht der Kappenmantel 22 des Düsenkörpers 15 vor, der abgedichtet in die Aufnahmebohrung 13 eingesetzt ist und zwischen seinen Enden am Außenumfang die Schnappverbindung 19 aufweist.The discharge nozzle 1 has various, successive atomization and mixing stages within the nozzle body, impingement atomization 20 being provided, through which the media stream passes after it has covered most of its flow path through the discharge nozzle 1. This impact atomization 20 is located in the area of the inside of a cap end wall 21 of the nozzle body 15, which forms the outer end of the discharge nozzle 1 and the inside and / or outside of which is essentially flat. The cap jacket 22 of the nozzle body 15 projects beyond the inside, which is inserted in a sealed manner into the receiving bore 13 and has the snap connection 19 between its ends on the outer circumference.

In entsprechender Weise weist der Düsenkörper 16 eine vordere Kappenstirnwand 23 auf, deren im wesentlichen ebene Innenseite gegen die vordere Stirnwand des Kernkörpers 18 angeschlagen ist, wobei der über diese Innenseite vorstehende Kappenmantel 24 festsitzend bzw. im wesentlichen abgedichtet sowohl in den Außenumfang wie auch in den Innenumfang der Aufnahmebohrung 14 eingreift. Die Außenweite bzw. der Außendurchmesser des Düsenkörpers 16 ist etwa um ein Drittel kleiner als derjenige des Düsenkörpers 15, jedoch größer als dessen Innenweite.In a corresponding manner, the nozzle body 16 has a front cap end wall 23, the essentially flat inside of which is struck against the front end wall of the core body 18, the cap jacket 24 projecting beyond this inside being firmly or essentially sealed both in the outer circumference and in FIGS Inner circumference of the receiving bore 14 engages. The outer width or the outer diameter of the nozzle body 16 is approximately one third smaller than that of the nozzle body 15, but larger than its inner width.

Von den hinteren Enden des Düsenkörpers 15 und der Aufnahmebohrung 13 sowie vom Außenumfang des vorderen Endes des Düsenkörpers 16 ist ein diesen umgebender, flach ringförmiger Kanalabschnitt 25 begrenzt, an den an einer eng begrenzten Umfangszone tangential ein erweiterter Endabschnitt des Luftkanales 12 anschließt. Im Bereich dieser Umfangszone ist das hintere Ende des Kappenmantels 22 mit einer durchgehenden Radialnut versehen, die einen zur gemeinsamen Düsenachse 10 der Düsenkörper 15, 16 radialen Kanalabschnitt 26 sowie mit ihrem radial inneren Ende am Innenumfang des Kappenmantels 22 einen Quereintritt 27 bildet.From the rear ends of the nozzle body 15 and the receiving bore 13 and from the outer circumference of the front end of the nozzle body 16, a flat annular channel section 25 surrounding the latter is delimited, to which an enlarged end section of the air channel 12 is tangentially connected to a narrowly defined peripheral zone. In the area of this circumferential zone, the rear end of the cap shell 22 is provided with a continuous radial groove which forms a radial passage section 26 to the common nozzle axis 10 of the nozzle bodies 15, 16 and with its radially inner end on the inner periphery of the cap shell 22 a transverse entry 27.

In Umfangsrichtung im Abstand davon, insbesonders diametral gegenüberliegend, ist am hinteren Ende des Kappenmantels 22 im Bereich von dessen Innenumfang ein Längseintritt 28 vorgesehen, der wesentlich enger als der Quereintritt 27, jedoch ebenfalls unmittelbar an den Kanalabschnitt 25 dadurch angeschlossen ist, daß er praktisch in dessen vorderer, ringförmiger Begrenzungsfläche liegt. Der Innenumfang des Kappenmantels 22 ist zwischen dessen hinterem Ende und dem Kernkörper 17 bzw. bei herausgenommenem Kernkörper 17 über die gesamte Mantellänge von nahezu konstantem Querschnitt. Zwischen dem Kernkörper 17 und dem hinteren Ende des Kappenmantels 22 ist in diesem eine etwa in der Düsenachse 10 liegende Kammer 29 begrenzt, die etwa über die Hälfte ihrer Länge auf ihrem gesamten Querschnitt von Einbauten bzw. Unterbrechungen frei ist. In diese Kammer mündet der an das hintere Kammerende im wesentlichen anschließende Quereintritt 27.In the circumferential direction at a distance from it, in particular diametrically opposite, a longitudinal entry 28 is provided at the rear end of the cap jacket 22 in the area of its inner circumference, which is much narrower than the transverse entry 27, but is also directly connected to the channel section 25 in that it is practically in whose front, annular boundary surface is located. The inner circumference of the cap jacket 22 is between its rear end and the core body 17 or, when the core body 17 is removed, over the entire jacket length of an almost constant cross section. Between the core body 17 and the rear end of the cap jacket 22, a chamber 29 lying approximately in the nozzle axis 10 is delimited therein, which is free of internals or interruptions over its entire cross section over approximately half its length. The transverse inlet 27, which essentially adjoins the rear chamber end, opens into this chamber.

Im Innenumfang des Kappenmantels 22 bzw. der Kammer 29 ist mindestens ein vertiefter, zur Kammerachse etwa paralleler, geradliniger und glattwandiger Kanalabschnitt 30 vorgesehen, der dem Quereintritt 27 diametral gegenüberliegen kann und in dessen hinteres Ende der Längseintritt 28 mündet. Der Kanalabschnitt 30 reicht vom hinteren Ende des Kappenmantels 22 bis zur Innenseite der Kappenstirnwand 21, an welcher er etwa rechtwinklig in einen gegen die zugehörige Düsenachse 10 gerichteten Kanalschenkel übergeht. Dieser Kanalschenkel reicht nicht bis zur Düsenachse 10 und bildet an seinem radial inneren Ende eine weitere Strömungs-Umlenkung 31 mit einem Umlenkungswinkel zwischen etwa 45 und 90°, durch welche die Strömung etwa entgegen der Strömungsrichtung im Kanalabschnitt 30 bzw. entgegen der Aerosol-Austrittsrichtung aus der Austragdüse 1 so umgelenkt wird, daß er durch eine Richtdüse 33 nach hinten gerichtet unter einem spitzen Winkel gegen die Achse der Prallzerstäubung 20 austritt. Die Richtdüse 33 ist im wesentlichen durch das radial innere Ende des Kanalschenkels gebildet und liegt etwa in der Ebene der Innenseite der Kappenstirnwand 21.In the inner circumference of the cap shell 22 or the chamber 29 there is at least one recessed, rectilinear and smooth-walled channel section 30 which is approximately parallel to the chamber axis and which can be diametrically opposite the transverse entry 27 and in the rear end of which the longitudinal entry 28 opens. The channel section 30 extends from the rear end of the cap jacket 22 to the inside of the cap end wall 21, at which it merges approximately at right angles into a channel leg directed against the associated nozzle axis 10. This channel leg does not extend as far as the nozzle axis 10 and forms at its radially inner end a further flow deflection 31 with a deflection angle between approximately 45 and 90 °, through which the flow forms approximately counter to the flow direction in the channel section 30 or against the aerosol outlet direction the discharge nozzle 1 is deflected such that it emerges through a directional nozzle 33 directed rearward at an acute angle against the axis of the impact atomizer 20. The directional nozzle 33 is essentially by that formed radially inner end of the channel leg and lies approximately in the plane of the inside of the cap end wall 21.

Die Prallzerstäubung 20 bildet eine weitere Strömungs-Umlenkung 32, durch welche die Strömung in entgegengesetzter Richtung, nämlich wieder in Austrittsrichtung aus der Austragdüse 1 umgelenkt wird. Zu diesem Zweck weist die Prallzerstäubung 20 eine muldenförmig flache bzw. kugelkalottenförmige Prallfläche 34 auf, deren Krümmungsmittelpunkt vor dem vorderen Ende der Austragdüse 1 in deren Achse liegt. Die Außenweite der Prallvertiefung ist mehrfach größer als ihre Tiefe, wobei die Richtdüse 33 im Anschluß an die Umfangsbegrenzung der Prallfläche 34 gegenüberliegt und gegenüber dieser eine vielfach kleinere Fläche einnimmt. Die Prallfläche 34 bildet den Boden einer Umlenkkammer 35, deren gegenüberliegende Wand im wesentlichen eben ist und die im Zentrum ihre größte Tiefe derart hat, daß sie im Axialschnitt von diesem Zentrum zum Außenumfang unter wenigen Winkelgraden spitz ausläuft.The impingement atomization 20 forms a further flow deflection 32, by means of which the flow is deflected in the opposite direction, namely again in the exit direction from the discharge nozzle 1. For this purpose, the impact atomizer 20 has a trough-shaped flat or spherical cap-shaped impact surface 34, the center of curvature of which lies in front of the front end of the discharge nozzle 1 in its axis. The outer width of the impact recess is several times greater than its depth, the directional nozzle 33 lying opposite the impact surface 34 following the circumferential boundary and taking up a much smaller area than the latter. The baffle surface 34 forms the bottom of a deflection chamber 35, the opposite wall of which is essentially flat and which has its greatest depth in the center in such a way that it tapers in the axial section from this center to the outer circumference at a few angular degrees.

In der gegenüberliegenden Stirnwand liegt praktisch abstandsfrei neben der Richtdüse 33 der Kammer-Ausgang 36, der durch das hintere Ende eines Kanalabschnittes 37 gebildet ist, dessen vorderes Ende die ins Freie führende und etwa in der Ebene der vorderen Stirnfläche der Kappenstirnwand 21 liegende Austrittsöffnung 38 der Austragdüse 1 bildet. Der Kanalabschnitt 37 hat über seine gesamte Länge im wesentlichen konstante Innenquerschnitte, so daß der Ausgang 36 in der Ebene der Innenseite der Kappenstirnwand 21 nahezu über seinen gesamten Umfang begrenzt ist. Die Richtdüse 33 umgibt dabei die Umfangsbegrenzung des Ausganges 36 über einen größeren Bogenwinkel von z.B. 180°, wobei die Richtdüse 33 und der Ausgang 36 nur durch einen schmalen Grat voneinander getrennt sind. Die Weite des Ausganges 36 ist wesentlich kleiner als die Außenweite der Prallfläche 34, jedoch ist sein Durchlaßquerschnitt etwa gleich demjenigen der Richtdüse 33. Es ist auch denkbar, zwei oder mehr gleichmäßig über den Umfang verteilte Längskanäle 30 mit zugehörigen Längseintritten 28 bzw. Richtdüsen 33 vorzusehen.In the opposite end wall there is practically no gap next to the directional nozzle 33 of the chamber outlet 36, which is formed by the rear end of a channel section 37, the front end of which leads to the outside and approximately in the plane of the front end face of the cap end wall 21, the outlet opening 38 Discharge nozzle 1 forms. The channel section 37 has substantially constant internal cross sections over its entire length, so that the outlet 36 is delimited in almost the entire circumference in the plane of the inside of the cap end wall 21. The directional nozzle 33 surrounds the circumference of the outlet 36 over a larger arc angle of, for example, 180 °, the directional nozzle 33 and the outlet 36 being separated from one another only by a narrow ridge. The width of the outlet 36 is significantly smaller than the outer width of the baffle 34, but its passage cross section is approximately equal to that the straightening nozzle 33. It is also conceivable to provide two or more longitudinal channels 30 evenly distributed over the circumference with associated longitudinal inlets 28 or straightening nozzles 33.

Zwischen den hinteren Enden des Kappenmantels 24 und der Ring- bzw. Aufnahmebohrung 14 ist ebenfalls ringförmig um die zugehörige Düsenachse 10 ein Kanalabschnitt 39 begrenzt, in welchen der Medienkanal im Bereich einer begrenzten Umfangszone mündet und über welchen die durch den Düsenkörper 16 gebildete Mediendüse 40 unter Druck mit flüssigem Medium versorgt wird. Am Innenumfang des Kappenmantels 14 ist mindestens ein von dessen hinteren Ende ausgehender, nutförmiger und etwa axialer Kanalabschnitt 41 vorgesehen, der in der Innenseite der Kappenstirnwand 23 durch einen radialen Kanalabschnitt fortgesetzt ist, welcher in eine in der Düsenachse liegende Dralleinrichtung 42 mündet. Diese ist z.B. durch eine Ringnut am vorderen Ende und Außenumfang des Kernkörpers 18 sowie an der Innenseite der Kappenstirnwand 23 durch eine erweiterte Kammer gebildet, in welche der Kanalschenkel tangential einmündet, so daß das einströmende Medium einer Rotation um die Düsenachse ausgesetzt wird.Between the rear ends of the cap jacket 24 and the ring or receiving bore 14, a channel section 39 is likewise delimited annularly about the associated nozzle axis 10, into which the media channel opens in the region of a limited peripheral zone and via which the media nozzle 40 formed by the nozzle body 16 underneath Pressure is supplied with liquid medium. Provided on the inner circumference of the cap jacket 14 is at least one groove-shaped and approximately axial channel section 41 starting from the rear end thereof, which is continued in the inside of the cap end wall 23 by a radial channel section which opens into a swirl device 42 lying in the nozzle axis. This is e.g. formed by an annular groove on the front end and outer circumference of the core body 18 and on the inside of the cap end wall 23 by an enlarged chamber into which the channel leg opens tangentially, so that the inflowing medium is exposed to rotation about the nozzle axis.

Diese Kammer geht am Ausgang in einen verengten Kanalabschnitt 43 über, der in der Düsenachse liegt, über seine Länge konstante Querschnitte hat und mit seinem vorderen Ende die Düsenöffnung 44 der Mediendüse 40 bildet. Die Düsenöffnung 44 liegt in der vorderen, ebenen Stirnfläche eines kegelstumpfförmigen Düsenvorsprunges 45, der über die übrige Vorderseite der Kappenstirnwand 23 vorsteht und gegenüber der Innenweite der Kammer 29 eine wesentlich kleinere Außenweite hat. Die ringförmig ebene vordere Stirnfläche des Düsenkörpers 16 bildet mit dem Düsenvorsprung 45 die hintere Endwand 46 der Kammer 29, in die der Düsenvorsprung 45 ein Stück weit hineinragt. Mit dieser vorderen Stirnfläche liegt der Düsenkörper 16 so am hinteren, im wesentlichen ebenen Ende 53 des Düsenkörpers 15 an, daß zwar die Kammer 29 nach hinten im wesentlichen abgeschlossen ist, jedoch der oder die Längseintritte 28 frei bleiben und der Kanalabschnitt 26 in der Ebene des hinteren Endes 53 wenigstens über einen radial inneren Teil seiner Länge über den gesamten Umfang begrenzt ist. Der Quereintritt 27 ist dadurch entlang der hinteren Endwand 46 radial gegen den Düsenvorsprung 45 gerichtet, wobei der Quereintritt 27 nach vorne weiter reicht als der Düsenvorsprung 45 vorsteht, so daß ein Teil der Strömung aus dem Quereintritt 27 ungehindert vor der Düsenöffnung 44 vorbeiströmt, während ein hinterer Teil den Düsenvorsprung 45 umspült.At the exit, this chamber merges into a narrowed channel section 43 which lies in the nozzle axis, has constant cross sections over its length and forms the nozzle opening 44 of the media nozzle 40 with its front end. The nozzle opening 44 is located in the front, flat end face of a truncated cone-shaped nozzle projection 45 which protrudes beyond the rest of the front of the cap end wall 23 and has a substantially smaller outside width compared to the inside width of the chamber 29. The annular flat front end face of the nozzle body 16 forms with the nozzle projection 45 the rear end wall 46 of the chamber 29, into which the nozzle projection 45 protrudes a little. With this front The face of the nozzle body 16 rests against the rear, essentially planar end 53 of the nozzle body 15 such that although the chamber 29 is essentially closed to the rear, the longitudinal inlet (s) 28 remain free and the channel section 26 in the plane of the rear end 53 is limited over the entire circumference at least over a radially inner part of its length. The transverse inlet 27 is thus directed radially against the nozzle projection 45 along the rear end wall 46, the transverse inlet 27 extending further forward than the nozzle projection 45 protruding, so that part of the flow from the transverse inlet 27 flows unhindered in front of the nozzle opening 44 while a rear part washed around the nozzle projection 45.

Das vordere Ende der Kammer 29 ist von einer spitzkegelförmigen Leitfläche 47 begrenzt, deren Spitze in der Düsenachse gegen die Düsenöffnung 44 gerichtet ist, jedoch im wesentlichen außerhalb der direkten Anströmung des Quereintrittes 27 liegt. Der Spitzkegel 48 ist einteilig durch das hintere Ende des Kernkörpers 17 gebildet, in dessen vorderer Stirnfläche 49 die Prallfläche 34 als Vertiefung vorgesehen ist. Zwischen dieser Stirnfläche 49 und dem Spitzkegel 48 weist der Kernkörper 17 einen z.B. zylindrischen Abschnitt mit im wesentlichen konstanten Außenquerschnitten auf, mit welchem der Kernkörper 17 festsitzend so in den Innenumfang des Kappenmantels 22 eingesetzt ist, daß seine vordere Stirnfläche 49 an der inneren Stirnfläche der Kappenstirnwand 21 im wesentlichen abgedichtet anliegt.The front end of the chamber 29 is delimited by a conical guide surface 47, the tip of which is directed in the nozzle axis against the nozzle opening 44, but lies essentially outside the direct flow against the transverse inlet 27. The pointed cone 48 is formed in one piece by the rear end of the core body 17, in whose front end face 49 the baffle surface 34 is provided as a depression. Between this end face 49 and the pointed cone 48, the core body 17 has a e.g. cylindrical section with substantially constant outer cross-sections, with which the core body 17 is firmly inserted into the inner circumference of the cap shell 22 in such a way that its front end face 49 lies essentially sealed against the inner end face of the cap end wall 21.

Der Längskanal 30 ist durch eine Längsnut 50 gebildet, deren offene Nutlängsseite im Innenumfang des Kappenmantels 22 liegt und gegen die Düsenachse 10 gerichtet ist. Der Längseintritt 28 reicht nur über einen an den Nutboden 51 anschließenden Teil der Tiefe der Längsnut 50, da der Radialabstand des Nutbodens 51 von der Düsenachse 10 geringfügig größer als der Außenumfang des Düsenkörpers 16 im Bereich seiner Anlage am hinteren Ende 53 ist. Die Radialerstreckung des Längseintrittes 28 ist wesentlich kleiner als die Hälfte der Nuttiefe. Dadurch bildet der Längseintritt 28 einen Schlitz, der an einer Längsseite vom Nutboden 51 und an der anderen Längsseite vom Außenumfang des Düsenkörpers 16 begrenzt ist, so daß sich seine Längsrichtung um die Düsenachse 10 erstreckt.The longitudinal channel 30 is formed by a longitudinal groove 50, the open longitudinal groove side of which lies in the inner circumference of the cap jacket 22 and is directed against the nozzle axis 10. The longitudinal inlet 28 extends only over a part of the depth of the longitudinal groove 50 adjoining the groove base 51, since the radial distance of the groove base 51 from the nozzle axis 10 is slightly larger than the outer circumference of the nozzle body 16 in the region its rear end 53 is. The radial extent of the longitudinal entry 28 is substantially less than half the groove depth. As a result, the longitudinal inlet 28 forms a slot which is delimited on one longitudinal side by the groove base 51 and on the other longitudinal side by the outer circumference of the nozzle body 16, so that its longitudinal direction extends around the nozzle axis 10.

Im an die Kappenstirnwand 21 anschließenden Bereich ist die Längsöffnung der Nut 50 durch den zylindrischen Abschnitt des Kernkörpers 17 verschlossen, so daß hier der Kanalabschnitt 30 im Querschnitt über seinen Umfang geschlossen begrenzt ist, während er zwischen den Stirnwänden der Kammer 29 an seiner radial inneren Längsseite im wesentlichen auf voller Breite offen ist. Die Flanken des Kanalabschnittes 30 können annähernd parallel zueinander liegen oder zur offenen Längsseite geringfügig divergieren. Die Leitfläche 47 reicht bis an den Beginn des über den Umfang geschlossenen Teiles des Kanalabschnittes 30, der an dieser Stelle den einzigen Kammer-Ausgang 52 bildet, obwohl entsprechend den Kanalabschnitten 30 auch zwei oder drei über den Umfang verteilte Kammer-Ausgänge denkbar sind. Benachbart zur Richtdüse 33 bzw. zur Prallfläche 34 ist die offene Nutlängsseite des zugehörigen radialen Kanalschenkels durch die vordere Stirnfläche 49 des Kernkörpers 17 verschlossen.In the area adjacent to the cap end wall 21, the longitudinal opening of the groove 50 is closed by the cylindrical section of the core body 17, so that here the channel section 30 is delimited in its cross section over its circumference, while it is between the end walls of the chamber 29 on its radially inner longitudinal side is essentially open at full width. The flanks of the channel section 30 can be approximately parallel to one another or can diverge slightly from the open long side. The guide surface 47 extends to the beginning of the part of the channel section 30 which is closed over the circumference and which forms the single chamber exit 52 at this point, although two or three chamber exits distributed over the circumference are also conceivable in accordance with the channel sections 30. Adjacent to the straightening nozzle 33 or the baffle surface 34, the open longitudinal groove side of the associated radial channel leg is closed by the front end surface 49 of the core body 17.

Die Austragdüse arbeitet nach folgendem Verfahren:
Durch Niederdrücken der Handhabe 8 wird aus der Druckkammer 5 über den Luftkanal 12 Luft in den Kanalabschnitt 25 und von dort sowohl durch den Quereintritt 27 in die Kammer 29 und durch den Längseintritt 28 entlang des Nutbodens 51 in den Kanalabschnitt 30 gedrückt. Gleichzeitig oder geringfügig später wird mit der Medienpumpe über den Medienkanal 11 Flüssigkeit in den Kanalabschnitt 39 und durch den Kanalabschnitt 41 in die Dralleinrichtung 42 so gedrückt, daß aus der Düsenöffnung 44 ein Aerosol-Sprühkegel in die Kammer 29 austritt, der gegen die Leitfläche 47 gerichtet ist. Beim Verlassen der Düsenöffnung 44 wird der Sprühkegel von dem aus dem Quereintritt 27 kommenden Luftstrom erfaßt und einerseits verstärkt verwirbelt sowie andererseits wenigstens teilweise gegen die offene Nutlängsseite des Kanalabschnittes 30 gedrückt, entlang dessen Kanalboden 51 ein Luftstrom mit verhältnismäßig hoher Strömungsgeschwindigkeit vom Längseintritt 28 zum Ausgang 52 strömt, so daß sich das gebildete Aerosol nicht an den Innenflächen des Kanalabschnittes 30 niederschlagen kann. Insofern ist hier an mindestens einem Kanalabschnitt 30 des Düsenkanales einer Austragdüse 1 eine strömende Gas- bzw. Luftabdeckung vorgesehen, um ein bereits gebildetes Aerosol im wesentlichen ohne Wandungsberührung zu fördern.
The discharge nozzle works according to the following procedure:
By depressing the handle 8, air is pressed from the pressure chamber 5 via the air duct 12 into the duct section 25 and from there through the transverse entry 27 into the chamber 29 and through the longitudinal entry 28 along the groove bottom 51 into the duct section 30. Simultaneously or slightly later, with the media pump, liquid is pressed into the channel section 39 via the media channel 11 and through the channel section 41 into the swirl device 42 in such a way that an aerosol spray cone emerges into the chamber 29 from the nozzle opening 44 and is directed against the guide surface 47. When leaving the nozzle opening 44, the spray cone is caught by the air flow coming from the transverse entry 27 and, on the one hand, is increasingly swirled and, on the other hand, at least partially pressed against the open slot longitudinal side of the channel section 30, along the channel bottom 51 of which an air flow with a relatively high flow speed from the longitudinal inlet 28 to the outlet 52 flows so that the aerosol formed cannot precipitate on the inner surfaces of the channel section 30. In this respect, a flowing gas or air cover is provided on at least one channel section 30 of the nozzle channel of a discharge nozzle 1 in order to convey an aerosol that has already formed essentially without contacting the wall.

Große Teile des aus der Düsenöffnung 44 austretenden Sprühkegels prallen gleichzeitig gegen die Leitfläche 47, von welcher sie radial nach außen gegen den Innenumfang der Kammer 29 abgelenkt werden, wobei diese Strömung durch die Dralleinrichtung 42 gleichzeitig einer Rotation um die Düsenachse 10 ausgesetzt ist. Dadurch ergibt sich in der zum vorderen Ende durch den Spitzkegel 48 im lichten Querschnitt verengten Kammer 29 eine sehr starke Verwirbelung mit starker Drosselung bzw. Erhöhung der Strömungsgeschwindigkeit im Bereich des Ausganges 52, durch welchen das nunmehr mit hohem Luftanteil durchsetzte Aerosol aus der im wesentlichen geschlossenen Kammer 29 austritt. Dieses Aerosol wird dann unter annähernder Konstanthaltung oder weiterer Beschleunigung der Strömungsgeschwindigkeit unmittelbar über die Umlenkung 31 der durch deren Ausgang gebildeten Richtdüse 33 zugeführt und gegen die Prallfläche 34 gedrückt. Unter weiterer Erhöhung des Feinheitsgrades wird das Aerosol an der Prallfläche 34 wieder umgelenkt und unmittelbar über den Kanalabschnitt 37 ausgetragen.Large parts of the spray cone emerging from the nozzle opening 44 simultaneously strike against the guide surface 47, from which they are deflected radially outward against the inner circumference of the chamber 29, this flow through the swirl device 42 being simultaneously subjected to a rotation about the nozzle axis 10. This results in the chamber 29, which is narrowed towards the front end by the pointed cone 48 in the clear cross-section, with a very strong swirling with strong throttling or increasing the flow velocity in the area of the outlet 52, through which the aerosol, which is now permeated with a high proportion of air, from the essentially closed Chamber 29 exits. This aerosol is then, while keeping the flow velocity constant or further accelerated, fed directly via the deflection 31 to the directional nozzle 33 formed by its outlet and pressed against the baffle surface 34. With a further increase in the degree of fineness, the aerosol is deflected again at the impact surface 34 and discharged directly via the channel section 37.

Die Länge des Kanalabschnittes 37 ist mehrfach größer als seine lichte Weite, die ihrerseits wesentlich größer als die des Kanalabschnittes 43 ist. Der Gesamt-Durchlaßquerschnitt der Lufteintritte 27, 28 ist jedoch wesentlich größer als der Durchlaßquerschnitt des Kanalabschnittes 37, wobei zweckmäßig der Durchlaßquerschnitt des Längseintrittes 28 mehrfach kleiner als der des Quereintrittes 27 ist. Die Begrenzungskanten mindestens eines oder aller Eintritte bzw. Ausgänge können zweckmäßig scharfkantig sein, um günstige Abreißströmungen und ggf. eine weitere Zerstäubung an der Kante der Austrittsöffnung 38 zu erzielen. Der Durchlaßquerschnitt des Kanalabschnittes 30 ist zweckmäßig wesentlich größer als derjenige des Längseintrittes 28, und die Breite des Quereintrittes 27 kann etwa gleich wie oder größer als die Außenweite des Düsenvorsprunges 45 sein. Der Durchlaßquerschnitt des Kanalabschnittes 30 bzw. der Richtdüse 33 kann dagegen in der Größenordnung des Durchlaßquerschnittes des Kanalabschnittes 37 liegen.The length of the channel section 37 is several times greater than its clear width, which in turn is significantly greater than that of the channel section 43. The total passage cross section of the air inlets 27, 28 is, however, significantly larger than the passage cross section of the channel section 37, the passage cross section of the longitudinal inlet 28 expediently being several times smaller than that of the transverse inlet 27. The boundary edges of at least one or all of the entrances or exits can expediently be sharp-edged in order to achieve favorable tear-off flows and possibly further atomization at the edge of the outlet opening 38. The passage cross section of the channel section 30 is expediently substantially larger than that of the longitudinal inlet 28, and the width of the transverse inlet 27 can be approximately the same as or larger than the outer width of the nozzle projection 45. The passage cross section of the channel section 30 or the directional nozzle 33, on the other hand, can be of the order of magnitude of the passage cross section of the channel section 37.

Um für die Aerosolbildung noch günstigere Strömungsverhältnisse zu schaffen, ist der Durchlaßquerschnitt des oder der radialen, an die Kanalabschnitte 30 anschließenden Kanalschenkel in Strömungsrichtung zweckmäßig kontinuierlich dadurch verengt, daß die gegenüberliegenden Kanalflanken spitzwinklig konvergieren. Der Gesamt-Durchlaßquerschnitt der Richtdüse 33 bzw. der Richtdüsen ist dann vorteilhaft kleiner als der Durchlaßquerschnitt des Kanalabschnittes 37, jedoch kleiner als der Gesamt-Durchlaßquerschnitt des oder der Längseintritte 28. Bei dieser Ausbildung erstreckt sich jede Richtdüse 33 nur über einen verhältnismäßig kleinen Bogenwinkel des Umfanges des Ausganges 36, so daß benachbarte Richtdüsen 33 in einem demgegenüber größeren Abstand voneinander liegen können. Der Quereintritt 27 kann vorteilhaft auch so angeordnet werden, daß er keinem Kanalabschnitt 30 unmittelbar gegenüberliegt, sondern z.B. bei drei gleichmäßig verteilten Kanalabschnitten 30 unmittelbar benachbart zu einem dieser Kanalabschnitte vorgesehen ist.In order to create even more favorable flow conditions for aerosol formation, the passage cross section of the radial channel leg or channels adjoining the channel sections 30 is expediently continuously narrowed in the flow direction in that the opposite channel flanks converge at an acute angle. The total flow cross-section of the straightening nozzle 33 or the directional nozzles is then advantageously smaller than the flow cross-section of the channel section 37, but smaller than the total flow cross-section of the longitudinal inlet or openings 28. In this embodiment, each directional nozzle 33 extends only over a relatively small arc angle of The circumference of the outlet 36 so that adjacent directional nozzles 33 can be at a greater distance from each other. The transverse entry 27 can advantageously also be arranged in such a way that it is not directly opposite a channel section 30, but is provided, for example, in the case of three evenly distributed channel sections 30 directly adjacent to one of these channel sections.

In den Figuren 3 und 4 ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel mit einem einzigen, dem Eintritt 27 gegenüberliegenden Kanalabschnitt 30 dargestellt, während in Fig. 5 ein Ausführungsbeispiel mit drei Kanalabschnitten 30 dargestellt ist, von denen keiner dem Eintritt 27 direkt diametral gegenüberliegt.FIGS. 3 and 4 show an embodiment with a single channel section 30 opposite the inlet 27, while FIG. 5 shows an embodiment with three channel sections 30, none of which are diametrically opposed to the inlet 27.

Claims (10)

  1. Discharge nozzle for flowable media, particularly for manually operable discharge apparatuses, having means for preparing at least one medium flow, at least one nozzle channel forming channel portions (25, 26, 30, 37, 39, 41, 43) and a nozzle outlet (38) for the discharge of the medium in a discharge direction and upstream of which is provided at least one impact atomizer (20) with at least one impact surface (34) and at least one directional nozzle (33) directed against the latter, characterized in that an impact surface (34) is forwardly directed roughly in the direction of the outlet (38) and that a directional nozzle (33) is directed roughly counter to the discharge direction.
  2. Discharge nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that the nozzle channel forms at least one channel deflection (31, 32) and in particular two successive, oppositely directed deflections (31, 32) whereof preferably one deflection (31) with a deflection angle between at least 100 and 180° is connected upstream of another deflection (37) whose deflection angle is approximately 360°, less the deflection angle of the upstream deflection (31).
  3. Discharge nozzle according to claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the impact surface (34) is positioned directly adjacent but with a gap with respect to the rear end (36) of a channel portion (37), which in particular substantially has at least one construction constituted by a linear construction, a construction with constant cross-sections, a construction as an outlet (38), a sharp-edged construction at the rear end (36), a construction having a greater length than width and a position of its rear end (36) immediately adjacent to the directional nozzle (33) and/or that the impact surface (34) has a greater surface extension than the passage cross-section of the connecting channel portion (37) and in particular has at least one of the constructions formed by an uneven construction, a depressed, trough-shaped construction, a spherical cap-shaped construction and a roughly equiaxial position to the following channel portion (37), the greatest depth of the impact surface (34) being preferably smaller and/or its greatest width several times larger than the width of the connecting channel portion (37).
  4. Discharge nozzle according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the directional nozzle (33) and the rear end (36) of the connecting channel portion (37) are located on the same side of the impact atomizer (20) and particularly substantially in a common plane, preferably the directional nozzle (33) having at least one of the constructions formed by a passage cross-section smaller than the connecting channel portion (37), a position which is eccentric to the connecting channel portion (37), a position adjacent to the outer edge of the impact surface (34), a position adjacent to the arcuate portion of the boundary of the rear end (36) of the connecting channel portion (37) and a position inclined against the centre of the impact surface (34) and/or that the impact surface (34) forms a closed end face of a flat deflection chamber (35), whose facing, approximately planar face is substantially only perforated by the rear end (36) of the connecting channel portion (37) and the directional nozzle (33) and which is preferably circumferentially bounded in cross-sectionally acute-angled manner.
  5. Discharge nozzle according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rear end (36) of the channel portion (37) connecting on to the impact atomizer (20) and/or the directional nozzle (33) form openings in a substantially planar face, against which is substantially sealingly applied a core body (17) with an end face (49) forming an impact face (34) of the impact atomizer (20) and preferably a channel portion (30) leading to the directional nozzle (33) is bounded by a slot (50) provided in the face and/or in the inner circumferential surface projecting over it and which following on to the directional nozzle (33) is closed on the open slot longitudinal side facing the slot bottom (51) by the core body (17) and forms the directional nozzle (33) with an end portion bounded by its sloping end wall.
  6. Discharge nozzle according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that upstream of the impact atomizer (20) is provided at least one vortex chamber (29), into which is directed in roughly the same orientation as the outlet (38) at least one medium nozzle (40) and which preferably has at least one of the constructions formed by a position equiaxial to the impact surface (34), constant outside cross-sections over a longitudinal extension, at least one sloping guidance surface (47) facing the medium nozzle (40), a pointed cone (48) facing the medium nozzle (40) and directed against the latter, a longitudinal extension at the most equal to its width, an end boundary by the core body (17) and by a chamber outlet (52), which is formed by a rear end of the channel portion leading to the directional nozzle (33).
  7. Discharge nozzle according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, upstream of the impact atomizer (20) is provided at least one mixing zone for mixing at least two media supplied under pressure, particularly a liquid medium supplied through a liquid inlet (44) and a gaseous medium or air supplied through at least one gas inlet (27, 28), which preferably has substantially at least one of the constructions formed by a crossing inlet of the media, a construction as an intermediate chamber (29) extended compared with the inlets (27, 28) and outlets (52), a gas inlet (27) flowing round a radial or a projecting liquid inlet (44), an axial gas inlet (28) spaced parallel to the liquid inlet (44), a further gas inlet (27, 28) with respect to the width of the liquid inlet (44), a medium inlet at one end and a mixture outlet (52) at the other, a narrower overall outlet cross-section compared with the overall inlet cross-section and in which the mixing zone is formed by the vortex chamber (29).
  8. Discharge nozzle according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in a common chamber (29), in particular upstream of the impact atomizer (20), are provided guides for substantially separate medium flows at different flow rates and brought together in the vicinity of at least one chamber outlet (52), preferably in the circumference of the chamber (29) there is at least one slot-shaped longitudinal channel (30), which substantially has at least one of the constructions formed by a medium inlet (28) at one slot end, a reduced cross-section of said inlet (28) compared with the channel cross-section, a chamber outlet (52) at the other slot end, a funnel-shaped constricting guidance surface (47) in the vicinity of the outlet (52), a partial bounding of the outlet (52) by the core body (17), a circumferentially displaced position of the slot longitudinal opening compared with the flow zone of a transverse inlet (27), an extension over the entire length of the chamber (29), a parallel position to an axial medium inlet (44) and a continuous extension into the channel portion leading to the impact atomizer (20).
  9. Discharge nozzle according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that there is a twisting device (42) upstream of the impact atomizer (20) and which is preferably directly upstream of the liquid inlet (44), which is preferably formed by a spray cone medium nozzle (40) and which is provided on a nozzle projection (45) around which there is a flow in the transverse direction.
  10. Discharge nozzle according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that there is a cap-like nozzle body (15, 16) having at least one cap end wall (21, 23) and a cap jacket (22, 24), which particularly has at least one of the constructions formed by at least one channel portion (37, 43) traversing the cap end wall (21, 23), at least one channel portion on the inside of the cap end wall (21, 23), at least one channel portion (30, 41) on the inner circumference of the cap jacket (22, 24) and at least one core body (17, 18) inserted in the cap jacket (22, 24), in which preferably a front, wider nozzle cap and a rear, narrower nozzle cap bounds at least one of the openings formed by the chamber (29), a transverse inlet (27) and a longitudinal inlet (28) and/or that the rear nozzle body (16) with a front face (46) is substantially located on the rear face (53) of the front nozzle body (15) and preferably has a nozzle projection (45) spaced with respect to the pointed cone (48) in the front nozzle body (15), the nozzle projection (45) being located in and the pointed cone (48) outside the direct flow area of the transverse inlet (27) and the spacing between the cone (48) and the projection (45) is smaller than the width of the chamber (29) bounded between them.
EP92101302A 1991-01-30 1992-01-28 Delivering nozzle for media Expired - Lifetime EP0497255B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4102632A DE4102632A1 (en) 1991-01-30 1991-01-30 DISCHARGE NOZZLE FOR MEDIA
DE4102632 1991-01-30

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0497255A2 EP0497255A2 (en) 1992-08-05
EP0497255A3 EP0497255A3 (en) 1993-02-03
EP0497255B1 true EP0497255B1 (en) 1996-12-18

Family

ID=6423947

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92101302A Expired - Lifetime EP0497255B1 (en) 1991-01-30 1992-01-28 Delivering nozzle for media

Country Status (6)

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US (1) US5295628A (en)
EP (1) EP0497255B1 (en)
JP (1) JP3401267B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE146384T1 (en)
DE (2) DE4102632A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2095335T3 (en)

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US5350116A (en) * 1993-03-01 1994-09-27 Bespak Plc Dispensing apparatus
DE4227899A1 (en) * 1993-09-24 1994-02-24 Pfeiffer Erich Gmbh & Co Kg Discharge mechanism for fluidic media with discharge head(s) - has distributor(s) with medium receiver(s) for distribution and stationary reception of at least one medium
FR2715083B1 (en) * 1994-01-17 1996-03-08 Oreal Dispensing device with reduced pressure drop comprising a dispensing nozzle.
EP0706830B1 (en) * 1994-09-16 1997-08-20 Guala Dispensing S.P.A. A manually operable atomising spray device for liquids which uses air as the atomiser fluid
FR2845623B1 (en) * 2002-10-11 2005-01-14 Rexam Dispensing Sys PUSH BUTTON SPRAY WITH LARGE SIDE NOZZLE
US20040135007A1 (en) * 2002-12-27 2004-07-15 Nathan Palestrant Atomizing nozzle with anodized aluminum body
DE10319582B4 (en) * 2003-04-24 2007-03-22 Lechler Gmbh Binary spray nozzle
GB0516024D0 (en) * 2005-08-04 2005-09-14 Incro Ltd Nozzle arrangements
FR2902675B1 (en) * 2006-06-21 2008-09-12 Lvmh Rech FLUID PRODUCT DISTRIBUTION NOZZLE AND FLUID PRODUCT DISPENSING DEVICE COMPRISING SUCH A NOZZLE
JP6575037B2 (en) * 2016-12-12 2019-09-18 春日電機株式会社 Rotating nozzle
JP6814993B2 (en) 2018-01-31 2021-01-20 パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 Sprayer

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE4102632A1 (en) 1992-08-06
ES2095335T3 (en) 1997-02-16
DE59207691D1 (en) 1997-01-30
EP0497255A3 (en) 1993-02-03
ATE146384T1 (en) 1997-01-15
JPH05104038A (en) 1993-04-27
JP3401267B2 (en) 2003-04-28
EP0497255A2 (en) 1992-08-05
US5295628A (en) 1994-03-22

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