EP0494305A1 - Method for abrasive treatment of articles - Google Patents

Method for abrasive treatment of articles Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0494305A1
EP0494305A1 EP19910901967 EP91901967A EP0494305A1 EP 0494305 A1 EP0494305 A1 EP 0494305A1 EP 19910901967 EP19910901967 EP 19910901967 EP 91901967 A EP91901967 A EP 91901967A EP 0494305 A1 EP0494305 A1 EP 0494305A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fluidized bed
workpiece
abrasive particles
workpieces
abrasive
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EP19910901967
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Zinovy Ilich Kremen
Moisei Lipovich Massarsky
Evgeny Alexeevich Nepomnyaschy
Jury Khonovich Lokshin
Mikhail Semenovich Jufa
Vladislav Sergeevich Lysanov
Eduard Yakovlevich Dovgal
Yakov Romanovich Reznikov
Boris Naumovich Ardashnikov
Jury Avgustovich Shults
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KREMEN, ZINOVY ILIICH
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Kremen Zinovy Iliich
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Publication of EP0494305A1 publication Critical patent/EP0494305A1/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24BMACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B31/00Machines or devices designed for polishing or abrading surfaces on work by means of tumbling apparatus or other apparatus in which the work and/or the abrasive material is loose; Accessories therefor
    • B24B31/10Machines or devices designed for polishing or abrading surfaces on work by means of tumbling apparatus or other apparatus in which the work and/or the abrasive material is loose; Accessories therefor involving other means for tumbling of work

Definitions

  • a method for grinding workpieces is known (SU, A, 534344), in which the workpiece to be machined is placed in a fluidized bed of particles of an abrasive (of abrasive cores).
  • abrasive of abrasive cores
  • microscopic unevenness is removed from the surface of the workpiece and deburring of the workpiece is caused by an interaction between the abrasive particles and the workpiece to be machined.
  • this method has a relatively low machining intensity and therefore an inadequate work productivity, particularly when machining workpieces with an original surface roughness of 20 to 50 ⁇ m.
  • This disadvantage is due to the relatively small kinetic energy of an abrasive grain in a fluidized bed, which is due to its mass and speed of movement.
  • An increase in the kinetic energy of abrasive grains by increasing their mass is limited by the maximum permissible dimensions of the abrasive grains, because with dimensions of the abrasive grains of more than 800 mm, as tests have shown, there is no whirling up and no intensive mixing of these grains due to the low density of a rock layer Koerner and consequently a high air permeability of this layer can achieve.
  • a method for grinding workpieces is known (SU, A, 532515), according to which, in contrast to the method described above, a workpiece to be machined is machined at a distance equal to 0.5 to 0.7 of the fluidized bed height from the plane of the distribution grid is arranged.
  • This process ensures a higher intensity of machining because the workpiece to be machined is located in an area of the fluidized bed in which abrasive grains have the maximum speed of movement.
  • a processing intensity remains insufficiently high with this method, because like the above method it is limited by the permissible dimensions of the abrasive core and the permissible speed of an air stream that creates a fluidized bed.
  • the intensity of workpiece machining using the said methods is inadequate, especially in those cases when the workpiece to be machined has a large original roughness of 20 to 50 ⁇ m or large burrs.
  • the invention is based on the object of developing a method for grinding workpieces in a fluidized bed of abrasive material cores, in which the fluidized bed is given such parameters that the kinetic energy of the abrasive particles increases when a workpiece is machined, thereby increasing the machining intensity and consequently increasing the production output will.
  • This object is achieved according to the invention in the known method for grinding workpieces in a fluidized bed solved by placing the fluidized bed in periodic vibrations with a frequency of 0.5 ... 6.0 Hz and an amplitude of over 10 mm.
  • the speed of movement of abrasive particles can be increased by 3 to 5 times depending on their dimensions, as a result of which their kinetic energy is increased.
  • the said increase in the kinetic energy of abrasive particles ensures the increase in the intensity of workpiece machining.
  • the pulsator 3 closes and periodically opens a line 6 for supplying air to the working chamber 2.
  • the line 4 When the line 4 is shut off, the line rises Pressure in a (not shown) chamber of the pulsator 3, and the fluidized bed 5 in the chamber 2 moves downwards.
  • the line 6 is open, the air flow is supplied to the working chamber 2 with an increased energy (as a result of the excess pressure in the chamber of the pulsator 3), which causes the fluidized bed 5 of the abrasive particles to move upwards.
  • An oscillation frequency of the fluidized bed 5 is determined by a movement frequency of a valve (not shown) of the pulsator 3.
  • a vibration amplitude is determined at a predetermined frequency by the mass of the layer of abrasive particles in the working chamber 2. Then, by any known method, a workpiece 7 to be machined is placed in the fluidized bed 5 and held in the fluidized bed until the machining is ended. Depending on processing purposes, a processing time is calculated on the basis of known conditions or determined by tests.
  • the outer diameter of each ring was 55 mm and the height 10 mm. Rings were attached to spikes and placed in the fluidized bed in running tips, after which they were rotated at a peripheral speed of 20 m / s.
  • the fluidized bed was placed in periodic vibrations in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the distribution grid.
  • the thickness of a removed metal layer was determined as the difference between workpiece dimensions before and after the machining, which was considered to be a measure of smoothing the original roughness.
  • Table 1 Experiment no. Vibration frequency of the fluidized bed, V, Hz Vibration amplitude of the fluidized bed, A, mm Thickness of the removed layer, ⁇ m 1 0.5 200 114 2nd 6 10th 82 3rd 3rd 100 138 4th 6 5 28 5 0.3 230 24th 6 0 0 27th
  • bearing cages made of rust-free chrome-nickel steel were machined in a fluidized bed of abrasive particles (silicon carbide with a grain size of 80). Initial burr dimensions were: length 4.6 to 5.6 mm, width 0.6 to 0.9 mm. Bearing cages were clamped in a special cam device and set in rotation at a linear speed of 15 m / s. The fluidized bed was placed in periodic vibrations in a direction perpendicular to the distribution grid. Tests were carried out with a layer depth of abrasive particles of 150 mm, an air pressure in front of the pulsator of 0.7 MPa and a processing time of 8 minutes. In addition, bearing cages were machined under the same conditions in a stationary fluidized bed of abrasive cores using the known method.
  • Tests were carried out at different frequencies and amplitudes of the fluidized bed vibrations.
  • Table 2 Experiment no. Vibration frequency of the fluidized bed, V, Hz Vibration amplitude of the fluidized bed, A, mm ridge 1 0.5 200 no 2nd 6 10th no 3rd 3rd 100 no 4th 6 5 available 5 0.3 230 available 6 0 0 available

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
  • Nitrogen And Oxygen Or Sulfur-Condensed Heterocyclic Ring Systems (AREA)

Abstract

A workpiece (7) is put into a fluidised bed (5) of abrasive particles which is set in periodic vibrations with a frequency of 0.5 to 6.0 Hz and an amplitude of over 10 mm. <IMAGE>

Description

Gebiet der TechnikTechnical field

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zur Schleifbearbeitung von Werkstuecken und kann im Maschinen- und Schiffbau und in anderen Industriezweigen eine breite Anwendung finden, in denen Werkstuecke zu entgraten sind bzw. eine Fertigbearbeitung von Werkstuecken, darunter auch Werkstuecken mit komplizierter Konfiguration nach Giessen, Gesenkschmieden, Stanzen, grober mechanischer Bearbeitung erforderlich ist, die eine urspruengliche Oberflaechenrauhigkeit von Rz=20 bis 50 µm aufweisen.The invention relates to a method for grinding workpieces and can be widely used in mechanical engineering and shipbuilding and in other branches of industry in which workpieces are to be deburred or a finished machining of workpieces, including workpieces with a complicated configuration after casting, drop forging , Stamping, rough mechanical processing is required, which have an original surface roughness of R z = 20 to 50 µm.

Vorhergehender Stand der TechnikPrevious state of the art

Es ist ein Verfahren zur Schleifbearbeitung von Werkstueken bekannt (SU, A, 534344), bei dem das zu bearbeitende Werkstueck in eine Wirbelschicht von Partikeln eines Schleifmittels (von Schleifmittelkoernern) gebracht wird. Dabei erfolgt in der besagten Wirbelschicht ein Abtragen mikroskopischer Unebenheiten von der Werkstueckoberflaeche und ein Entgraten des Werkstuecks durch eine Schlagwechselwirkung der Schleifmittelkoerner und des zu bearbeitenden Werkstuecks.A method for grinding workpieces is known (SU, A, 534344), in which the workpiece to be machined is placed in a fluidized bed of particles of an abrasive (of abrasive cores). Here, in the fluidized bed in question, microscopic unevenness is removed from the surface of the workpiece and deburring of the workpiece is caused by an interaction between the abrasive particles and the workpiece to be machined.

Dieses Verfahren weist aber eine verhaeltnismaessig niedrige Intensitaet der Bearbeitung und darum eine unzureichende Arbeitsproduktivitaet insbesondere bei Bearbeitung von Werkstuecken mit einer urspruenglichen Oberflaechenrauhigkeit von 20 bis 50 µm auf. Dieser Nachteil ist auf die verhaeltnismaessig kleine kinetische Energie eines Schleifmittelkorns in einer Wirbelschicht zurueckzufuehren, die durch seine Masse und Bewegungsgeschwindigkeit bedingt ist. Eine Erhoehung der kinetischen Energie von Schleifmittelkoernern durch Vergroesserung ihrer Masse ist durch die zulaessigen Maximalabmessungen der Schleifmittelkoerner begrenzt, weil bei Abmessungen der Schleifmittelkoerner ueber 800 mm, wie es Versuche gezeigt haben, man kein Aufwirbeln und keine intensive Vermischung dieser Koerner infolge kleiner Dichte einer Schuettlage derartiger Koerner und infolgedessen einer hohen Luftdurchlaessigkeit dieser Lage erzielen kann. Was eine Steigerung der kinetischen Energie der Schleifmittelkoerner durch Vergroesserung der Kornbewegungen in der Wirbelschicht betrifft, die von der Stromgeschwindigkeit der diese Wirbelschicht erzeugenden Luft direkt abhaengt, so ist sie durch einen Wert der besagten Luftstromgeschwindigkeit begrenzt, bei der Auswürfe und ein Entweichen der Schleifmittelkoerner aus der Wirbelschicht beginnen. Ausserdem nimmt bei einer Vergroesserung der Luftstromgeschwindigkeit dementsprechend die Wahrscheinlichkeit zu, dass in der Wirbelschicht Luftblasen entstehen, was sich auf die Effektivitaet der Werkstueckbearbeitung negativ auswirkt.However, this method has a relatively low machining intensity and therefore an inadequate work productivity, particularly when machining workpieces with an original surface roughness of 20 to 50 µm. This disadvantage is due to the relatively small kinetic energy of an abrasive grain in a fluidized bed, which is due to its mass and speed of movement. An increase in the kinetic energy of abrasive grains by increasing their mass is limited by the maximum permissible dimensions of the abrasive grains, because with dimensions of the abrasive grains of more than 800 mm, as tests have shown, there is no whirling up and no intensive mixing of these grains due to the low density of a rock layer Koerner and consequently a high air permeability of this layer can achieve. As for an increase in the kinetic energy of the abrasive grains by increasing the grain movements in the fluidized bed, which is directly dependent on the current speed of the air producing this fluidized bed, for example, it is limited by a value of the said air flow speed at which ejections and an escape of the abrasive particles from the fluidized bed begin. In addition, if the air flow velocity is increased, the probability increases that air bubbles form in the fluidized bed, which has a negative effect on the effectiveness of workpiece machining.

Es ist ein Verfahren zur Schleifbearbeitung von Werkstuecken bekannt (SU, A, 532515), wonach im Unterschied vom vorstehend beschriebenen Verfahren ein zu bearbeitendes Werkstueck bei seiner Bearbeitung, in einem Abstand gleich 0,5 bis 0,7 der Wirbelschichthoehe von der Ebene des Verteilungsgitters angeordnet wird.A method for grinding workpieces is known (SU, A, 532515), according to which, in contrast to the method described above, a workpiece to be machined is machined at a distance equal to 0.5 to 0.7 of the fluidized bed height from the plane of the distribution grid is arranged.

Dieses Verfahren stellt eine hoehere Intensitaet der Bearbeitung sicher, weil sich das zu bearbeitende Werkstueck in einem Bereich der Wirbelschicht befindet, worin Schleifmittelkoerner die maximale Bewegungsgeschwindigkeit haben.This process ensures a higher intensity of machining because the workpiece to be machined is located in an area of the fluidized bed in which abrasive grains have the maximum speed of movement.

Eine Bearbeitungsintensitaet bleibt aber bei diesem Verfahren unzureichend hoch, weil sie wie beim vorstehenden Verfahren durch die zulaessigen Abmessungen von Schleifmittelkoernern und die zulaessige Geschwindigkeit eines Luftstroms begrenzt ist, der eine Wirbelschicht erzeugt.A processing intensity remains insufficiently high with this method, because like the above method it is limited by the permissible dimensions of the abrasive core and the permissible speed of an air stream that creates a fluidized bed.

Wie Versuche gezeigt haben, ist die Intensitaet einer Werkstueckbearbeitung unter Anwendung der besagten Verfahren insbesondere in jenen Faellen unzureichend,wenn die zu bearbeitenden Werkstuecke eine grosse urspruengliche Rauhigkeit von 20 bis 50 µm bzw. grosse Grate aufweisen.As tests have shown, the intensity of workpiece machining using the said methods is inadequate, especially in those cases when the workpiece to be machined has a large original roughness of 20 to 50 µm or large burrs.

Offenbarung der ErfindungDisclosure of the invention

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zur Schleifbearbeitung von Werkstuecken in einer Wirbelschicht von Schleifmittelkoernern zu entwickeln, bei dem der Wirbelschicht solche Parameter verliehen werden, dass die kinetische Energie der Schleifmittelpartikel bei Bearbeitung eines Werkstuecks vergroessert und dadurch die Bearbeitungsintensitaet und folglich die Produktionsleistung gesteigert werden.The invention is based on the object of developing a method for grinding workpieces in a fluidized bed of abrasive material cores, in which the fluidized bed is given such parameters that the kinetic energy of the abrasive particles increases when a workpiece is machined, thereby increasing the machining intensity and consequently increasing the production output will.

Diese Aufgabe wird beim bekannten Verfahren zur Schleifbearbeitung von Werkstuecken in einer Wirbelschicht erfindungsgemaess dadurch geloest, dass die Wirbelschicht in periodische Schwingungen mit einer Frequenz von 0,5...6,0 Hz und einer Amplitude von ueber 10 mm gesetzt wird.This object is achieved according to the invention in the known method for grinding workpieces in a fluidized bed solved by placing the fluidized bed in periodic vibrations with a frequency of 0.5 ... 6.0 Hz and an amplitude of over 10 mm.

Die periodischenSchwingungen der Wirbelschicht mit einer Frequenz und einer Amplitude, die im erfindungsgemaessen Bereich liegen, bewirken die Vergroesserung einer kinetischen Energie von Schleifmittelpartikeln. Wie es Versuche gezeigt haben, kann bei derartigen Schwingungen der Wirbelschicht die Bewegungsgeschwindigkeit von Schleifmittelpartikeln um das 3- bis 5-fache in Abhaengigkeit von ihren Abmessungen gesteigert werden, wodurch ihre kinetische Energie vergroessert wird. Die besagte Vergroesserung der kinetischen Energie von Schleifmittelpartikeln stellt die Steigerung einer Intensitaet der Werkstueckbearbeitung sicher.The periodic vibrations of the fluidized bed with a frequency and an amplitude which lie in the range according to the invention, increase the kinetic energy of abrasive particles. As experiments have shown, with such vibrations of the fluidized bed, the speed of movement of abrasive particles can be increased by 3 to 5 times depending on their dimensions, as a result of which their kinetic energy is increased. The said increase in the kinetic energy of abrasive particles ensures the increase in the intensity of workpiece machining.

Versuchsergebnisse haben gezeigt, dass bei einer Schwingungsfrequenz der Wirbelschicht unter 0,5 Hz bzw. bei einer Schwingungsamplitude unter 10 mm die Bewegungsgeschwindigkeit der Schleifmittelpartikel so vermindert wird, dass die Intensitaet der Werkstueckbearbeitung jener nach bekannten Verfahren nahe liegt. Schwingungen der Wirbelschicht mit einer Frequenz ueber 6,0 Hz sind infolge der Traegheit von Schleifmittelpartikeln praktisch unerreichbar.Test results have shown that with a vibration frequency of the fluidized bed below 0.5 Hz or with a vibration amplitude below 10 mm, the speed of movement of the abrasive particles is reduced so that the intensity of the workpiece machining is close to that according to known methods. Vibrations of the fluidized bed with a frequency above 6.0 Hz are practically unreachable due to the inertia of abrasive particles.

Kurze Beschreibung der ZeichnungBrief description of the drawing

Nachstehend wird die Erfindung durch ausfuehrliche Beschreibung der besten Variante ihrer Durchfuehrung unter Bezugnahme auf eine Zeichnung naeher erlaeutert, worin die Vorrichtung zum Durchfuehren des erfindungsgemaessen Verfahrens zur Werkstueckbearbeitung schematisch dargestellt ist.The invention is explained in more detail below by a detailed description of the best variant of its implementation with reference to a drawing, in which the device for carrying out the method for workpiece machining according to the invention is shown schematically.

Beste Ausführungsvariante der ErfindungBest embodiment of the invention

Ein Luftstrom, der durch einen Druckluefter 1 erzeugt wird, gelangt in eine Arbeitskammer 2 ueber einen Pulsator 3 mit einer bekannten Konstruktion und ein Luftverteilungsgitter 4, wodurch in dieser Kammer 2 eine Wirbelschicht 4 von Schleifmittelpartikeln erzeugt wird. Der Pulsator 3 schliesst und oeffnet periodisch eine Leitung 6 zur Luftzufuhr in die Arbeitskammer 2. Bei der abgesperrten Leitung 4 steigt der Druck in einer (nicht eingezeichneten) Kammer des Pulsators 3,und die Wirbelschicht 5 in der Kammer 2 bewegt sich abwaerts. Bei der geoeffneten Leitung 6 wird der Luftstrom der Arbeitskammer 2 mit einer gesteigerten Energie (infolge des Überdrucks in der Kammer des Pulsators 3) zugefuehrt, wodurch eine Aufwaertsbewegung der Wirbelschicht 5 der Schleifmittelpartikel bewirkt wird. Eine Schwingungsfrequenz der Wirbelschicht 5 wird durch eine Bewegungsfrequenz eines (nicht eingezeichneten) Ventils des Pulsators 3 bestimmt. Eine Schwingungsamplitude wird bei einer vorgegebenen Frequenz durch die Masse der Schuettlage der Schleifmittelpartikel in der Arbeitskammer 2 bestimmt. Dann bringt man nach einem beliebigen bekannten Verfahren in die Wirbelschicht 5 ein zu bearbeitendes Werkstueck 7 und haelt dieses in der Wirbelschicht solange, bis die Bearbeitung beendet wird. Eine Bearbeitungsdauer wird in Abhaengigkeit von Bearbeitungszwecken anhand von bekannten Verhaeltnissen berechnet bzw. durch Versuche ermittelt.An air stream which is generated by a compressed air fan 1 enters a working chamber 2 via a pulsator 3 with a known construction and an air distribution grille 4, whereby a fluidized bed 4 of abrasive particles is generated in this chamber 2. The pulsator 3 closes and periodically opens a line 6 for supplying air to the working chamber 2. When the line 4 is shut off, the line rises Pressure in a (not shown) chamber of the pulsator 3, and the fluidized bed 5 in the chamber 2 moves downwards. When the line 6 is open, the air flow is supplied to the working chamber 2 with an increased energy (as a result of the excess pressure in the chamber of the pulsator 3), which causes the fluidized bed 5 of the abrasive particles to move upwards. An oscillation frequency of the fluidized bed 5 is determined by a movement frequency of a valve (not shown) of the pulsator 3. A vibration amplitude is determined at a predetermined frequency by the mass of the layer of abrasive particles in the working chamber 2. Then, by any known method, a workpiece 7 to be machined is placed in the fluidized bed 5 and held in the fluidized bed until the machining is ended. Depending on processing purposes, a processing time is calculated on the basis of known conditions or determined by tests.

Nachstehend sind konkrete Ausfuehrungsbeispiele des erfindungsgemaessen Verfahrens zur Schleifbearbeitung von Werkstuecken beschrieben.Concrete exemplary embodiments of the method according to the invention for grinding workpieces are described below.

Beispiel 1example 1

In einer Rotationsschleifanlage bearbeitete man in einer Wirbelschicht von Schleifmittelpartikeln (Siliziumkarbid mit einer Korngroesse 40) Stahlringe mit einer Haerte von HB = 280 bis 300 und einer urspruenglichen Rauhigkeit von R z = 50 µm. Der Aussendurchmesser jedes Rings betrug 55 mm und die Hoehe 10 mm. Ringe wurden auf Dornen befestigt und in die Wirbelschicht in laufenden Spitzen gebracht, wonach man sie mit einer Umfangsgeschwindigkeit von 20 m/s drehen liess. Die Wirbelschicht wurde in periodische Schwingungen in einer zur Ebene des Verteilungsgitters senkrechten Richtung gesetzt. Diese Versuche fanden bei einer Schuettlagedicke der Schleifmittelpartikeln von 150 mm, einem Luftdruck vor dem Pulsator von 0,7 MPa und einer Bearbeitungsdauer von 10 min statt. Ausserdem bearbeitete man unter denselben Bedingungen Stahlringe nach dem bekannten Verfahren in einer stationaeren Wirbelschicht von Schleifmittelpartikeln, d.h. in einer Wirbelschicht, die keine periodische Schwingung ausfuehrte.In a rotary grinding system, steel rings with a hardness of HB = 280 to 300 and an original roughness of R z = 50 µm were machined in a fluidized bed of abrasive particles (silicon carbide with a grain size of 40). The outer diameter of each ring was 55 mm and the height 10 mm. Rings were attached to spikes and placed in the fluidized bed in running tips, after which they were rotated at a peripheral speed of 20 m / s. The fluidized bed was placed in periodic vibrations in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the distribution grid. These tests took place with a layer thickness of the abrasive particles of 150 mm, an air pressure in front of the pulsator of 0.7 MPa and a processing time of 10 min. In addition, steel rings were processed under the same conditions using the known method in a stationary fluidized bed of abrasive particles, ie in a fluidized bed that did not perform periodic oscillation.

Versuche fanden bei verschiedenen Frequenzen und Amplituden der Wirbelschichtschwingungen statt.Experiments were carried out at different frequencies and amplitudes of the fluidized bed vibrations.

Nach den Versuchen ermittelte man die Dicke einer abgetragenen Metallschicht als Differenz zwischen Werkstueckabmessungen vor und nach der Bearbeitung, die als Mass einer Glaettung der urspruenglichen Rauhigkeit galt.After the tests, the thickness of a removed metal layer was determined as the difference between workpiece dimensions before and after the machining, which was considered to be a measure of smoothing the original roughness.

Bearbeitungsbedingungen und Versuchsergebnisse beinhaltet die Tabelle 1. Tabelle 1 Versuchs-Nr. Schwingungsfrequenz der Wirbelschicht, V, Hz Schwingungsamplitude der Wirbelschicht, A, mm Dicke der abgetragenen Schicht, µm 1 0,5 200 114 2 6 10 82 3 3 100 138 4 6 5 28 5 0,3 230 24 6 0 0 27 Processing conditions and test results are shown in Table 1. Table 1 Experiment no. Vibration frequency of the fluidized bed, V, Hz Vibration amplitude of the fluidized bed, A, mm Thickness of the removed layer, µm 1 0.5 200 114 2nd 6 10th 82 3rd 3rd 100 138 4th 6 5 28 5 0.3 230 24th 6 0 0 27th

Aus der Tabelle 1 ist es ersichtlich, dass bei der Schleifbearbeitung von Werkstuecken nach dem erfindungsgemaessen Verfahren (Versuche Nr. 1,2,3) eine Dicke der abgetragenen Metallschicht und folglich ein Glaettungsgrad der Ausgangsrauhigkeit der urspruenglichen zu bearbeitenden Oberflaeche bedeutend groesser ist als bei der Werkstueckbearbeitung nach dembekannten Verfahren, d.h. in einer Wirbelschicht, die keine periodische Schwingungen ausfuehrt (Nr.6). Ausserdem kann man aus der Tabelle 1 ersehen, dass bei einer Schwingungsfrequenz der Wirbelschicht unter 0,5 Hz (Nr.5) bzw. bei einer Schwingungsamplitude unter 10 mm (Nr.4) die Dicke der abgetragenen Metallschicht stark abnimmt.It can be seen from Table 1 that when grinding workpieces using the method according to the invention (tests No. 1,2,3), a thickness of the removed metal layer and consequently a degree of smoothing of the initial roughness of the original surface to be processed is significantly greater than that of the Workpiece processing according to the known method, ie in a fluidized bed that does not cause periodic vibrations (No. 6). In addition, it can be seen from Table 1 that the thickness of the removed metal layer decreases sharply with an oscillation frequency of the fluidized bed below 0.5 Hz (No. 5) or with an oscillation amplitude below 10 mm (No. 4).

Beispiel 2Example 2

Auf einer Rotationsschleifanlage bearbeitete man zum Entgraten in einer Wirbelschicht von Schleifmittelpartikeln (Siliziumkarbid mit einer Korngroesse 80) Werkstuecke (Lagerkaefige) aus nichtrostendem Chrom-Nickel-Stahl. Ausgangsgratabmessungen betrugen: Laenge 4,6 bis 5,6 mm, Breite 0,6 bis 0,9 mm. Lagerkaefige wurden in einer besonderen Nockenvorrichtung aufgespannt und in Drehbewegung mit einer linearen Geschwindigkeit von 15 m/s gesetzt. Die Wirbelschicht wurde in periodische Schwingungen in einer zum Verteilungsgitter senkrechten Richtung gesetzt. Pruefungen fanden bei einer Schuettlagenhoehe von Schleifmittelpartikeln von 150 mm, einem Luftdruck vor dem Pulsator von 0,7 MPa und einer Bearbeitungsdauer von 8 Minuten statt. Ausserdem bearbeitete man unter denselben Bedingungen Lagerkaefige nach dem bekannten Verfahren in einer stationaeren Wirbelschicht von Schleifmittelkoernern.On a rotary grinding machine, workpieces (bearing cages) made of rust-free chrome-nickel steel were machined in a fluidized bed of abrasive particles (silicon carbide with a grain size of 80). Initial burr dimensions were: length 4.6 to 5.6 mm, width 0.6 to 0.9 mm. Bearing cages were clamped in a special cam device and set in rotation at a linear speed of 15 m / s. The fluidized bed was placed in periodic vibrations in a direction perpendicular to the distribution grid. Tests were carried out with a layer depth of abrasive particles of 150 mm, an air pressure in front of the pulsator of 0.7 MPa and a processing time of 8 minutes. In addition, bearing cages were machined under the same conditions in a stationary fluidized bed of abrasive cores using the known method.

Versuche fuehrte man bei verschiedenen Frequenzen und Amplituden der Wirbelschichtschwingungen durch.Tests were carried out at different frequencies and amplitudes of the fluidized bed vibrations.

Nach den Versuchen pruefte man das bearbeitete Werkstueck auf das Gratvorhandensein.After the tests, the machined workpiece was checked for the presence of burrs.

Bearbeitungsbedigungen und Versuchsergebnisse beinhaltet die Tabelle 2. Tabelle 2 Versuchs-Nr. Schwingungsfrequenz der Wirbelschicht, V, Hz Schwingungsamplitude der Wirbelschicht, A, mm Grat 1 0,5 200 kein 2 6 10 kein 3 3 100 kein 4 6 5 vorhanden 5 0,3 230 vorhanden 6 0 0 vorhanden Processing conditions and test results are shown in Table 2. Table 2 Experiment no. Vibration frequency of the fluidized bed, V, Hz Vibration amplitude of the fluidized bed, A, mm ridge 1 0.5 200 no 2nd 6 10th no 3rd 3rd 100 no 4th 6 5 available 5 0.3 230 available 6 0 0 available

Aus der Tabelle 2 ist es ersichtlich, dass bei der Schleifbearbeitung von Werkstuecken nach dem erfindungsgemaessen Verfahren (Versuche Nr. 1, 2, 3) auf bearbeiteten Werkstuecken kein Grat geblieben ist. Bei der Schleifbearbeitung von Werkstuecken nach dem bekannten Verfahren (Nr.6) sowie bei der Bearbeitung in einer Wirbelschicht, deren periodische Schwingungen eine Frequenz unter 0,5Hz (Nr.5) bzw. eine Amplitude unter 10 mm (Nr.4) aufwiesen, bleiben nach der Bearbeitung Grate auf Werkstuecken.It can be seen from Table 2 that when grinding workpieces according to the method according to the invention (tests nos. 1, 2, 3) Workpieces no burr has remained. When grinding workpieces using the known method (No. 6) and when processing in a fluidized bed, the periodic vibrations of which have a frequency below 0.5 Hz (No. 5) or an amplitude below 10 mm (No. 4), burrs remain on workpieces after machining.

Industrielle AnwendbarkeitIndustrial applicability

Das erfindungsgemaesse Verfahren zur Schleifbearbeitung von Werkstuecken kann zum Abtragen verhältnismäßig grosser Grate sowie zur Fertigbearbeitung verschiedener Werkstuecke, darunter auch Werkstuecke mit einer komplizierten Konfiguration, die eine urspruengliche Oberflaechenrauhigkeit von Rz = 20 bis 50 µm aufweisen, nach Giessen, Gesenkschmieden, Stanzen und grober mechanischer Bearbeitung, mit Erfolg verwendet werden.The inventive method for grinding workpieces can be used to remove relatively large burrs and to finish various workpieces, including workpieces with a complicated configuration, which have an original surface roughness of R z = 20 to 50 µm, after casting, drop forging, punching and coarse mechanical Editing to be used with success.

Claims (1)

Verfahren zur Schleifbearbeitung von Werkstuecken, bei dem das Werkstueck (7) in einer Wirbelschicht (5) von Schleifmittelpartikeln gebracht wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Wirbelschicht (5) in periodische Schwingungen mit einer Frequenz von 0,5 bis 6,0 Hz und einer Amplitude ueber 10 mm gesetzt wird.Method for grinding workpieces, in which the workpiece (7) is brought into a fluidized bed (5) of abrasive particles, characterized in that the fluidized bed (5) oscillates periodically with a frequency of 0.5 to 6.0 Hz and a Amplitude is set above 10 mm.
EP19910901967 1990-05-15 1990-05-15 Method for abrasive treatment of articles Withdrawn EP0494305A1 (en)

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DE102011007705A1 (en) * 2011-04-19 2012-11-08 Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co Kg Method and device for surface hardening and / or smoothing of an integrally bladed rotor section of a jet engine

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2002016077A2 (en) * 2000-08-21 2002-02-28 Bausch & Lomb Incorporated Dry polishing of intraocular lenses
WO2002016077A3 (en) * 2000-08-21 2002-07-11 Bausch & Lomb Dry polishing of intraocular lenses
US6575814B1 (en) 2000-08-21 2003-06-10 Bausch & Lomb Incorporated Dry polishing of intraocular lenses
US6612907B2 (en) 2000-08-21 2003-09-02 Bausch & Lomb Incorporated Dry polishing of intraocular lenses
DE102011007705A1 (en) * 2011-04-19 2012-11-08 Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co Kg Method and device for surface hardening and / or smoothing of an integrally bladed rotor section of a jet engine
EP2514558B1 (en) * 2011-04-19 2013-08-21 Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co KG Method and device for fixing and/or smoothing the surface of an integrally bladed rotor area of a jet engine
US9138856B2 (en) 2011-04-19 2015-09-22 Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co Kg Method and apparatus for surface strengthening and/or smoothing of an integrally bladed rotor area of a jet engine

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