EP0491012B1 - Procede et dispositif de production de fils ou fibres en matiere plastique a partir de polymeres, notamment a partir de polyamide, polyester ou polypropylene - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif de production de fils ou fibres en matiere plastique a partir de polymeres, notamment a partir de polyamide, polyester ou polypropylene Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0491012B1
EP0491012B1 EP91909385A EP91909385A EP0491012B1 EP 0491012 B1 EP0491012 B1 EP 0491012B1 EP 91909385 A EP91909385 A EP 91909385A EP 91909385 A EP91909385 A EP 91909385A EP 0491012 B1 EP0491012 B1 EP 0491012B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
microfilaments
heating
heating zone
shaft
dtex
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91909385A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0491012A1 (fr
Inventor
Ingo Eifländer
Jürger HARTIG
Rudolf Geier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
John Brown Deutsche Engineering GmbH
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John Brown Deutsche Engineering GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by John Brown Deutsche Engineering GmbH filed Critical John Brown Deutsche Engineering GmbH
Publication of EP0491012A1 publication Critical patent/EP0491012A1/fr
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
    • D01D5/098—Melt spinning methods with simultaneous stretching
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
    • D01D5/088—Cooling filaments, threads or the like, leaving the spinnerettes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for producing plastic threads or fibers from polymers, in particular polyamide, polyester or polypropylene, by melt spinning microfilaments, after which the microfilaments drawn off at a predetermined take-off speed are cooled behind the spinneret in a cooling zone to at least solidification temperature and then for the purpose stretching in a heating zone is heated to a temperature above the solidification point and at the same time to increase the frictional resistance or generate the required stretching tension with a gaseous medium, for. B. air to be blown.
  • Such a method is known from DE-B-2 117 659, in which the plastic thread passing through the heating zone is blown with air in a crossflow.
  • the plastic thread consists of 50 filaments - also called single capillaries - and has a capillary titer or single titer of at most 1.0 dtex, regularly of 3.0 dtex.
  • the heating zone is formed by a relatively long heating tube.
  • the filaments discharged from the spinneret are cooled after, but before entering the heating tube to form the for the purpose of Stretching to be heated bundles of plastic.
  • Such bundling results in mutual contact between the filaments and consequently uneven heat treatment. This is disadvantageous for various reasons.
  • the drawing process is disturbed because it is hardly possible to uniformly heat the filaments and consequently the plastic filament across its cross section to a temperature above the solidification point.
  • the latter also applies to the desired increase in frictional resistance in order to generate the stretching tension required for the stretching.
  • the plastic thread is only blown in cross section.
  • the take-off speed or winding speed cannot be increased arbitrarily in this known method and is only 3500 m / min.
  • the productivity unsatisfactory but moreover the plastic threads produced according to these known methods have a relatively high elongation, at least if the individual titer is> 1.0 dtex.
  • Such plastic threads require complex post-treatment for their textile processing.
  • the plant for the production of such plastic threads is relatively high, in particular because of the long heating tube or heating shaft.
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • EP-A-0 140 559 A process for the production of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) yarn from multifilaments is also known from EP-A-0 140 559.
  • the molten PET silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ) is added before the extrusion. After extrusion, the multifilaments cool in a cooling zone under a gas atmosphere.
  • the multifilaments are then heated in a conditioning zone, to a temperature above the glass transition temperature or the solidification point.
  • the multifilaments are drawn in this conditioning zone at a speed of approx. 2400 m / min.
  • an air flow is applied to the multifilaments, the temperature of which is above the glass transition temperature but below the melting point.
  • the conditioning zone is formed by a cylindrical tube into which heating air is introduced from the bottom. A blowing in counterflow does not take place. The actual stretching of the multifilaments takes place in a conventional manner.
  • microfilaments with a single titer ⁇ 1.0 dtex are passed through the Heinzone in an unbundled orientation and are blown in countercurrent to the complete stretching of the gaseous medium, and in that the microfilaments with a withdrawal speed> 3500 m / min to 8000 m / min are pulled through the heating zone.
  • Microfilaments with a single titer of 0.4 to 0.8 dtex are preferably used.
  • This plastic thread or the plastic fibers or staple fibers for staple fiber yarns that can be produced from it are characterized by a particularly low elongation and can be used without further post-treatment due to their thread fineness, so that fine, supple and quasi silk-like goods are produced from the threads produced by the method according to the invention can be made.
  • the stretching of the microfilaments therefore only takes place via the air resistance and the temperature in the heating zone.
  • a titer that is as small as possible, in particular capillary titer, is particularly favorable, because thread tension and thread temperature can then be influenced and adjusted more quickly and easily. It is also possible to work with higher take-off speeds and consequently higher productivity despite a shortened heating zone.
  • the invention thus provides that the microfilaments in the heating zone are heated at 150 ° C. to 250 ° C., preferably 220 ° C., and are drawn through the heating zone at a take-off speed of 4500 m / min to 5500 m / min.
  • the heated microfilaments are expediently bundled only behind the heating zone, but before winding, so that they undergo particularly uniform treatment and drawing in the heating zone.
  • the invention also relates to a system which is particularly suitable for carrying out the claimed method because of its simple and compact construction.
  • This system has at least one spinneret, a blowing shaft as a cooling zone, a heating shaft as a heating zone with a device for supplying a gaseous medium, a preparation device, godets and a winding device and is characterized in that the device for supplying the gaseous medium as the outlet side of the heating shaft countercurrent blowing devices, e.g. B. blow nozzles is formed.
  • the heating shaft is preferably arranged 0.8 m to 1.2 m below the spinneret in the thread take-off direction and has a shaft length of 1 m to 1.5 m, preferably 1.2 m. This reduces the overall height. Furthermore, the degree of stretching of the microfilaments and consequently produced plastic threads can be varied by changing the heating temperature in the heating shaft and the air supply in countercurrent.
  • the single figure shows a system according to the invention for the production of fully oriented plastic threads 1 from microfilaments 2.
  • This system has in its basic structure a spinneret 3 for producing the microfilaments 2, which are cooled in a subsequent blowing shaft 4.
  • a heating shaft 5 Through which the microfilaments 2 are guided in an unbundled and parallel arrangement, heated and blown in countercurrent. This is indicated by arrows.
  • the heating shaft 5 is followed by a preparation device 6, namely an oiler or corresponding spray nozzles.
  • the microfilaments 2 are bundled to form the individual plastic threads 1 in the area of the preparation device 6.
  • the plastic threads 1 are then fed and wound onto a winding device 8 or a winding head via godets 7.
  • the heating shaft 5 is located 0.8 m to 1.2 m below the spinneret 3 in the thread take-off direction and has a shaft length of 1 m to 1.5 m according to the exemplary embodiment of 1.2 m. Furthermore, the heating shaft 5 has counterflow-generating blowing devices 9, for. B. blow nozzles.
  • the plastic threads produced by the method according to the invention have an elongation ⁇ 40%, preferably from 20 to 30%, and a strength> 3.6, preferably> 4 cN / dtex.
  • a strength> 3.6 preferably> 4 cN / dtex.
  • Such values can be achieved if the take-off speed is 4500 m / min and the individual titer of the microfilaments is ⁇ 1.0 dtex or the total titer of the relevant plastic threads is 30/48 dtex, i.e. the plastic threads consist of 48 microfilaments or single capillaries are formed. This is immediately clear from the table below.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)

Abstract

Un procédé permet de produire des fils en matière plastique ou du fil continu pleinement étiré, à partir de polymères, par filage direct à chaud de microfilaments qui sont refroidis derrière une filière au moins jusqu'à la température de solidification, puis chauffés jusqu'à une température supérieure à la température de solidification à des fins d'étirage tout en étant soumis à un courant d'air afin de générer la tension requise d'étirage. Des microfilaments avec un titre unique inférieur à 1,0 dtex sont guidés à travers la zone de chauffage non réunis en faisceau et soumis à un courant d'air venant en sens inverse. On peut ainsi étirer pleinement les microfilaments et les fils en matière plastique formés avec ceux-ci à une vitesse d'étirage relativement élevée, dans une zone courte de chauffage. Les fils en matière plastique ont une dilatation relativement réduite et peuvent être directement utilisés, en d'autres termes, compte tenu de la finesse des fils, on peut produire sans aucun traitement ultérieur des matières textiles particulièrement délicates, douces et soyeuses.

Claims (7)

  1. Procédé de fabrication de fils ou de fibres synthétiques en polymère, en particulier polyamide, polyester ou polypropylène, par filage à chaud de microfilaments, selon lequel les microfilaments, tirés à une vitesse de tirage donnée, sont refroidis derrière la filière dans une zone de refroidissement, à au moins la température de solidification et sont ensuite chauffés, en vue de l'étirage, dans une zone de chauffage, à une température supérieure au point de solidification et simultanément, pour accroître la résistance à la friction ou pour produire la tension des tirages nécessaires, un fluide gazeux, par exemple de l'air, est soufflé sur ces microfilaments, caractérisé en ce qu'on fait passer à travers la zone de chauffage les microfilaments avec un titre individuel < 1 dtex dans une orientation non en faisceaux et en ce que pour l'étirage complet le fluide gazeux est soufflé à contre-courant sur ces microfilaments, et en ce que les microfilaments traversent la zone de chauffage avec une vitesse de tirage supérieure à 3 500 m/min jusqu'à 8 000 m/min.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les microfilaments sont traités avec un titre individuel de 0,4 dtex à 0,8 dtex.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que les microfilaments sont chauffés dans la zone de chauffage entre 150 °C et 250 °C, de préférence à 220 °C.
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les microfilaments sont tirés à travers la zone de chauffage à une vitesse de tirage de 4 500 m/min à 5 500 m/min.
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que les microfilaments traités sont regroupés en faisceaux derrière la zone de chauffage, avant le bobinage.
  6. Installation pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé de fabrication de fils ou de fibres synthétiques en polymère, en particulier polyamide, polyester ou polypropylène, par filage à chaud de microfilaments, selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, avec au moins une filière, un puits de soufflage servant de zone de refroidissement, un puits de chauffage servant de zone de chauffage avec un dispositif pour l'envoi d'un fluide gazeux, un dispositif de préparation des galettes et un dispositif de bobinage, caractérisée en ce que le dispositif d'envoi du fluide gazeux est conçu comme des dispositifs de soufflage (9), par exemple des buses de soufflage, produisant un contre-courant côté sortie du puits de chauffage (5).
  7. Installation selon la revendication 6, caractérisée en ce que le puits de chauffage (5) est situé dans le sens de tirage des fils de 0,8 m à 1,2 m au-dessous de la filière (3) et présente une longueur de puits de 1 m à 1,5 m, de préférence égale à 1,2 m.
EP91909385A 1990-07-06 1991-05-18 Procede et dispositif de production de fils ou fibres en matiere plastique a partir de polymeres, notamment a partir de polyamide, polyester ou polypropylene Expired - Lifetime EP0491012B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4021545A DE4021545A1 (de) 1990-07-06 1990-07-06 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum herstellen von kunststoffaeden oder -fasern aus polymeren, insbesondere polyamid, polyester oder polypropylen
DE4021545 1990-07-06
PCT/DE1991/000420 WO1992001093A1 (fr) 1990-07-06 1991-05-18 Procede et dispositif de production de fils ou fibres en matiere plastique a partir de polymeres, notamment a partir de polyamide, polyester ou polypropylene

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0491012A1 EP0491012A1 (fr) 1992-06-24
EP0491012B1 true EP0491012B1 (fr) 1997-02-26

Family

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91909385A Expired - Lifetime EP0491012B1 (fr) 1990-07-06 1991-05-18 Procede et dispositif de production de fils ou fibres en matiere plastique a partir de polymeres, notamment a partir de polyamide, polyester ou polypropylene

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0491012B1 (fr)
KR (1) KR950001648B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN1050392C (fr)
DE (2) DE4021545A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2098354T3 (fr)
GR (1) GR3022728T3 (fr)
ID (1) ID17300A (fr)
WO (1) WO1992001093A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19802086B4 (de) * 1998-01-21 2007-02-15 Uhde Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Kunststoff-Fäden oder Stapelfasern aus Polymeren, insbesondere PET, CO-PET und/oder PBT

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5318985A (en) * 1991-12-20 1994-06-07 Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals Inc. Potentiation of NMDA antagonists
DE19529135A1 (de) * 1995-08-08 1997-02-13 Brown John Deutsche Eng Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Polyestergarnen
DE19705113C2 (de) * 1997-02-12 1999-04-29 Freudenberg Carl Fa Verstreckvorrichtung und Verfahren zur Herstellung verstreckter Kunststoffilamente
DE19816979A1 (de) * 1998-04-17 1999-10-21 Brown John Deutsche Eng Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Polyestergarnen
DE19821778B4 (de) * 1998-05-14 2004-05-06 Ems-Inventa Ag Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Herstellung von Mikrofilamenten von hoher Titer-Gleichmäßigkeit aus thermoplastischen Polymeren
DE10139228A1 (de) * 2001-08-09 2003-03-06 Freudenberg Carl Kg Verstreckvorrichtung und Verfahren zur Herstellung verstreckter Kunststoffilamente
EP2318577B1 (fr) * 2008-08-27 2012-01-18 Oerlikon Textile GmbH & Co. KG Procédé de filage par fusion, d'étirage et d'enroulement un fil multifilament et dispositif de mise en oeuvre de ce procédé

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2117659A1 (de) * 1971-04-10 1972-10-19 Farbwerke Hoechst AG, vormals Meister Lucius & Brüning, 6000 Frankfurt Verfahren zum Herstellen von Fäden und Fasern
US3946100A (en) * 1973-09-26 1976-03-23 Celanese Corporation Process for the expeditious formation and structural modification of polyester fibers
DE2925006C2 (de) * 1979-06-21 1983-06-30 Akzo Gmbh, 5600 Wuppertal Verfahren zur Herstellung schmelzgesponnener und molekularorientierend verstreckter, kristalliner Filamente
DE3173948D1 (en) * 1980-02-18 1986-04-10 Ici Plc Process for forming a continuous filament yarn from a melt spinnable polyethylene terephthalat and novel polyester yarns produced by the process
EP0042664B1 (fr) * 1980-06-24 1983-09-21 Imperial Chemical Industries Plc Fils de polyester obtenus par des procédés de filage au fondu, à haute vitesse
CA1233009A (fr) * 1983-09-14 1988-02-23 Cornell Whitley Methode de filature rapide des files de polyester finis

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19802086B4 (de) * 1998-01-21 2007-02-15 Uhde Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Kunststoff-Fäden oder Stapelfasern aus Polymeren, insbesondere PET, CO-PET und/oder PBT

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR950001648B1 (ko) 1995-02-27
DE4021545A1 (de) 1992-01-16
CN1050392C (zh) 2000-03-15
GR3022728T3 (en) 1997-06-30
DE59108570D1 (de) 1997-04-03
EP0491012A1 (fr) 1992-06-24
CN1059571A (zh) 1992-03-18
WO1992001093A1 (fr) 1992-01-23
DE4021545C2 (fr) 1992-07-09
ES2098354T3 (es) 1997-05-01
KR920702446A (ko) 1992-09-04
ID17300A (id) 1997-12-18

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