EP0490089A2 - Compresseur frigorifique à dispositif de commande électronique - Google Patents

Compresseur frigorifique à dispositif de commande électronique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0490089A2
EP0490089A2 EP91119134A EP91119134A EP0490089A2 EP 0490089 A2 EP0490089 A2 EP 0490089A2 EP 91119134 A EP91119134 A EP 91119134A EP 91119134 A EP91119134 A EP 91119134A EP 0490089 A2 EP0490089 A2 EP 0490089A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
compressor
motor
control arrangement
overall efficiency
hermetic reciprocating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP91119134A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0490089B1 (fr
EP0490089A3 (fr
Inventor
Matteo Bellomo
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ACC Compressors SpA
Original Assignee
Zanussi Elettrodomestici SpA
Zanussi Elettromeccanica SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Zanussi Elettrodomestici SpA, Zanussi Elettromeccanica SpA filed Critical Zanussi Elettrodomestici SpA
Publication of EP0490089A2 publication Critical patent/EP0490089A2/fr
Publication of EP0490089A3 publication Critical patent/EP0490089A3/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0490089B1 publication Critical patent/EP0490089B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/10—Adaptations or arrangements of distribution members
    • F04B39/1073—Adaptations or arrangements of distribution members the members being reed valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B49/20—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00 by changing the driving speed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
    • F25B49/025—Motor control arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/02—Compressor control
    • F25B2600/025—Compressor control by controlling speed
    • F25B2600/0253—Compressor control by controlling speed with variable speed
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B40/00—Technologies aiming at improving the efficiency of home appliances, e.g. induction cooking or efficient technologies for refrigerators, freezers or dish washers

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an improved refrigeration compressor with electronic control arrangement, in particular a reciprocating, hermetic-type compressor for domestic refrigerators and freezers.
  • this type of compressors is provided with an electric induction motor operating under an on-off type of control at such rotation speed rates as determined by the existing electric line frequency, ie. 50 Hz or 60 Hz.
  • the refrigerating capacity is therefore determined mainly by the displacement, ie. swept volume, of the compressor. Furthermore, it should be noticed that, even when adding a running capacitor, the efficiency of an induction motor does not exceed a value of 0.8.
  • the improved compressor with electronic control arrangement according to this invention can be used in association with any refrigerating circuit, thereby enabling the overall efficiency rating to improve, the noise to be reduced and the energy consumption to be considerably decreased.
  • the refrigerating circuit which is schematically shown by way of example in Figure 1 comprises a compressor 10, a condenser 11, a collector 12 For the liquid refrigerant fluid, a filter-dehydrator 13, an expansion valve 14, and two evaporators 15 and 16, connected in series, for the frozen-food compartment and the fresh-food compartment, respectively.
  • the compressor 10 is driven by a motor 17 of the brushless type, which is controlled by a frequency control arrangement 18 of a generally known type.
  • Said frequency control arrangement 18 is connected with a temperature sensor 19, preferably a thermistor, which senses the temperature of the evaporator 16 of the fresh-food compartment. Furthermore, said frequency control arrangement 18 comprises a microprocessor adapted to set, in a preferable way, two different operating frequencies, ie. a lower frequency corresponding to the highest overall efficiency of the compressor for the operation of the refrigeration appliance under normal refrigeration capacity demand conditions, and a higher frequency for the operation of the appliance under increased refrigeration capacity demand conditions, in particular when the need arises to freeze a considerably large amount of food in the frozen-food compartment.
  • the invention covers therefore the proposal of utilizing, for a compressor of a given refrigerating capacity, a larger displacement and a motor of the brushless type tuned on a lower frequency than the usual 50-Hz or 60-Hz mains frequency, in such a way that the overall compressor efficiency (COP) is increased and the compressor noise is reduced.
  • COP overall compressor efficiency
  • a further known fact is the improvement of the volumetric efficiency of a compressor with the decrease of the RPM, ie. the rotation speed of the motor, since this volumetric efficiency mainly depends on the clearance volume at the top dead center, the heating up of the suction gas, the blow-by losses and the opening and closing lags of the valves.
  • said opening and closing lags of the valves are much less influential at the lower frequencies since they occur at a lesser rate.
  • volumetric efficiency can be improved through a reduction in both the clearance or passive volume and the load losses by correspondingly sizing the passage cross-section of the delivery and suction bores in the plate of the valves, while keeping flow rates unaltered.
  • Figure 2 shows the curve relating to the overall efficiency coefficient (COP) of a compressor versus the displacement volume (cc) of the same compressor. Quite similar is on the other hand the profile of the curve relating to the overall efficiency coefficient (COP) versus the capacity for a given compressor.
  • COP overall efficiency coefficient
  • Figure 3 shows the curves of the volumetric efficiency ( ⁇ 1) and the efficiency relating to the load losses through the discharge bore in the valve plate ( ⁇ 2) versus the bore diameter ( ⁇ ), for compressors having different displacement ratings and driven at different motor RPMs. It is a known fact, and it also ensues from the configuration of the curves shown in the Figures, that the two afore mentioned types of efficiency have contrasting characteristics, ie. progress in a contrasting way, so that the optimum sizing of the bore diameter has to be selected in correspondence of the highest value of the product of the two afore mentioned efficiencies. In particular, this generally occurs in correspondence of the point at which the two curves relating to the characteristic data (ie. displacement and RPM) for each compressor meet.
  • the characteristic data ie. displacement and RPM
  • Figure 4 shows the curve of the overall efficiency coefficient (COP) of a compressor versus the motor RPM, from which it clearly emerges that the efficiency reaches its highest value in correspondence of a well-defined motor RPM.
  • COP overall efficiency coefficient
  • Figure 5 finally is a three-dimensional diagram showing the curves obtained experimentally in view of optimizing a compressor according to the invention, in order to determine the highest attainable efficiency versus the motor RPM and the diameter of the bore of the discharge or delivery valve.
  • Figure 6 shows the partial cross-section of a hermetic reciprocating compressor, in which a number of components, ie. the cylinder-piston assembly 21, the valve plate 22, the valve 23, the delivery or discharge bore 24 and the muffle 25, are illustrated in detail.
  • Compressor A Motor rotation speed (RPM) 2875 rpm Refrigerating capacity 74.8 Kcal/hr Power input rating 94.5 W COP 0.92
  • Compressor B Motor rotation speed (RPM) 2870 rpm Refrigerating capacity 57.2 Kcal/hr Power input rating 71.0 W COP 0.88
  • Compressor A modified according to the invention Motor rotation speed (RPM) 2100 rpm Refrigerating capacity 56.0 Kcal/hr Power input rating 58.0 W COP 1.12
  • the reduction in the motor RPM ie. from 2875 to 2100 rpm causes the flow rate to decrease accordingly, so that it will be possible and appropriate to downsize the diameter of the bores of the valves.
  • the COP achieved in this way is as high as 1.25, which means a 42-percent increase over the COP of the original compressor B equipped with standard induction motor.
  • valve plate undergoes an optimization process in accordance with the lower motor RPM, it ensues that, with delivery and suction bores having a diameter of 2.5 mm each (instead of two bores with a diameter of 3.2 mm each), the refrigerating capacity becomes 86 Kcal/hr (ie. practically equivalent to the capacity of the unmodified compressor), while the COP jumps to 1.33 with an increase of 29.1 percent.
  • the compressor with brushless-type motor with electronic frequency control according to the invention actually achieves the scopes and the purposes of the invention by enhancing the efficiency, lowering the noise and reducing the energy consumption in a very effective way.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
  • Control Of Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)
EP91119134A 1990-12-11 1991-11-11 Compresseur frigorifique à dispositif de commande électronique Expired - Lifetime EP0490089B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT4577690 1990-12-11
IT04577690A IT1247635B (it) 1990-12-11 1990-12-11 Perfezionamento nei motocompressori frigoriferi con controllo elettronico

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0490089A2 true EP0490089A2 (fr) 1992-06-17
EP0490089A3 EP0490089A3 (fr) 1994-03-23
EP0490089B1 EP0490089B1 (fr) 1996-09-04

Family

ID=11258153

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91119134A Expired - Lifetime EP0490089B1 (fr) 1990-12-11 1991-11-11 Compresseur frigorifique à dispositif de commande électronique

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US5282723A (fr)
EP (1) EP0490089B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE142312T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE69121856T2 (fr)
DK (1) DK0490089T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2095284T3 (fr)
IT (1) IT1247635B (fr)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1995015468A1 (fr) * 1993-12-01 1995-06-08 Zanussi Elettromeccanica S.P.A. Amelioration du dispositif de commande electronique des compresseurs de refrigeration mus par un moteur
DE19509914C1 (de) * 1995-03-18 1996-11-07 Danfoss As Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Motor-Verdichter-Einheit und Motor-Verdichter-Einheit zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens
WO1998002697A1 (fr) 1996-07-16 1998-01-22 Zanussi Elettromeccanica S.P.A. Ameliorations concernant les circuits de refrigeration d'appareils menagers de refrigeration par compression de vapeur et d'appareils similaires
WO2000079188A1 (fr) 1999-06-22 2000-12-28 Zanussi Elettromeccanica S.P.A. Compresseur refrigerant entraine par un moteur a frequence d'alimentation variable
EP1215454A2 (fr) * 2000-12-13 2002-06-19 Magnetek S.p.A. Procédé de réduction de la consommation d'énergie d'une machine frigorifique et machine frigorifique fonctionnant suivant ce procédé
WO2014095859A1 (fr) * 2012-12-20 2014-06-26 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif de production de pression d'air pour véhicule ferroviaire
US9890982B2 (en) 2008-08-07 2018-02-13 Carrier Corporation Discrete frequency operation for unit capacity control

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5423192A (en) * 1993-08-18 1995-06-13 General Electric Company Electronically commutated motor for driving a compressor
US5506487A (en) * 1991-03-28 1996-04-09 General Electric Company Systems and methods for driving a compressor with a motor
US6112535A (en) * 1995-04-25 2000-09-05 General Electric Company Compressor including a motor and motor control in the compressor housing and method of manufacture
US5675231A (en) * 1996-05-15 1997-10-07 General Electric Company Systems and methods for protecting a single phase motor from circulating currents
ES2169660B1 (es) * 2000-04-18 2003-11-01 Bsh Balay Sa Aparato electrodomestico, con un motor sincrono.
US7716937B2 (en) * 2005-03-17 2010-05-18 Electrolux Home Products, Inc. Electronic refrigeration control system including a variable speed compressor
US8181472B2 (en) * 2005-03-17 2012-05-22 Electrolux Home Products, Inc. Electronic refrigeration control system
EP1990591A1 (fr) 2007-05-08 2008-11-12 Sorgenia S.P.A. Dispositif indépendant et universel pour contrôler la vitesse de compresseurs motorisés d'appareils domestiques réfrigérant et leur procédé de contrôle
KR101974360B1 (ko) * 2012-07-06 2019-05-03 삼성전자주식회사 냉장고
US20140230463A1 (en) * 2013-02-15 2014-08-21 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Method for controlling a compressor of a thermal storage heat pump system
CN105508195A (zh) * 2016-01-21 2016-04-20 浙江商业机械厂有限公司 半封闭制冷压缩机

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4207510A (en) * 1978-01-16 1980-06-10 Sri International Control method and means for efficient operation of brushless d-c motors over a wide range of operating conditions
EP0109519A1 (fr) * 1982-10-23 1984-05-30 Ernst Gaus Moteur asynchrone triphasé
GB2133586A (en) * 1982-12-27 1984-07-25 Samsung Electronics Co Ltd Temperature control of a refrigerator
EP0250008A1 (fr) * 1986-04-09 1987-12-23 Nederlandse Organisatie Voor Toegepast-Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek Tno Procédé et appareil pour diviser par deux la vitesse d'un moteur électrique
GB2229295A (en) * 1989-01-06 1990-09-19 Peter Keith Jackson Air conditioning system
US5023531A (en) * 1988-05-19 1991-06-11 Arx, Inc. Dual hybrid demand refrigeration control apparatus

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3499297A (en) * 1969-02-20 1970-03-10 John D Ruff Variable capacity refrigeration system
JPS59131843A (ja) * 1983-01-17 1984-07-28 Toshiba Corp 空気調和装置
JPS5956647A (ja) * 1983-06-06 1984-04-02 Hitachi Ltd 空気調和装置
US4720981A (en) * 1986-12-23 1988-01-26 American Standard Inc. Cooling of air conditioning control electronics
US5048302A (en) * 1990-02-09 1991-09-17 Hudson Associates, Inc. Refrigerant system having controlled variable speed drive for compressor
US5129234A (en) * 1991-01-14 1992-07-14 Lennox Industries Inc. Humidity control for regulating compressor speed

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4207510A (en) * 1978-01-16 1980-06-10 Sri International Control method and means for efficient operation of brushless d-c motors over a wide range of operating conditions
EP0109519A1 (fr) * 1982-10-23 1984-05-30 Ernst Gaus Moteur asynchrone triphasé
GB2133586A (en) * 1982-12-27 1984-07-25 Samsung Electronics Co Ltd Temperature control of a refrigerator
EP0250008A1 (fr) * 1986-04-09 1987-12-23 Nederlandse Organisatie Voor Toegepast-Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek Tno Procédé et appareil pour diviser par deux la vitesse d'un moteur électrique
US5023531A (en) * 1988-05-19 1991-06-11 Arx, Inc. Dual hybrid demand refrigeration control apparatus
GB2229295A (en) * 1989-01-06 1990-09-19 Peter Keith Jackson Air conditioning system

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1995015468A1 (fr) * 1993-12-01 1995-06-08 Zanussi Elettromeccanica S.P.A. Amelioration du dispositif de commande electronique des compresseurs de refrigeration mus par un moteur
DE19509914C1 (de) * 1995-03-18 1996-11-07 Danfoss As Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Motor-Verdichter-Einheit und Motor-Verdichter-Einheit zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens
WO1998002697A1 (fr) 1996-07-16 1998-01-22 Zanussi Elettromeccanica S.P.A. Ameliorations concernant les circuits de refrigeration d'appareils menagers de refrigeration par compression de vapeur et d'appareils similaires
WO2000079188A1 (fr) 1999-06-22 2000-12-28 Zanussi Elettromeccanica S.P.A. Compresseur refrigerant entraine par un moteur a frequence d'alimentation variable
EP1215454A2 (fr) * 2000-12-13 2002-06-19 Magnetek S.p.A. Procédé de réduction de la consommation d'énergie d'une machine frigorifique et machine frigorifique fonctionnant suivant ce procédé
EP1215454A3 (fr) * 2000-12-13 2002-09-11 Magnetek S.p.A. Procédé de réduction de la consommation d'énergie d'une machine frigorifique et machine frigorifique fonctionnant suivant ce procédé
US9890982B2 (en) 2008-08-07 2018-02-13 Carrier Corporation Discrete frequency operation for unit capacity control
WO2014095859A1 (fr) * 2012-12-20 2014-06-26 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif de production de pression d'air pour véhicule ferroviaire

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IT9045776A0 (it) 1990-12-11
IT1247635B (it) 1994-12-28
EP0490089B1 (fr) 1996-09-04
DK0490089T3 (da) 1996-10-28
IT9045776A1 (it) 1992-06-11
DE69121856T2 (de) 1997-02-27
US5282723A (en) 1994-02-01
ATE142312T1 (de) 1996-09-15
DE69121856D1 (de) 1996-10-10
ES2095284T3 (es) 1997-02-16
EP0490089A3 (fr) 1994-03-23

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