EP0484825B1 - Device for cleaving or slitting a rigid sawn article, in particular wood - Google Patents

Device for cleaving or slitting a rigid sawn article, in particular wood Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0484825B1
EP0484825B1 EP91118585A EP91118585A EP0484825B1 EP 0484825 B1 EP0484825 B1 EP 0484825B1 EP 91118585 A EP91118585 A EP 91118585A EP 91118585 A EP91118585 A EP 91118585A EP 0484825 B1 EP0484825 B1 EP 0484825B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
article
separated
distance
profiled section
sawn
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91118585A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0484825A1 (en
Inventor
Hans Prof. Dr.-Ing. Dietz
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Wurster u Dietz GmbH u Co Maschinenfabrik
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Wurster u Dietz GmbH u Co Maschinenfabrik
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27G—ACCESSORY MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR WORKING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS; TOOLS FOR WORKING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS; SAFETY DEVICES FOR WOOD WORKING MACHINES OR TOOLS
    • B27G19/00—Safety guards or devices specially adapted for wood saws; Auxiliary devices facilitating proper operation of wood saws
    • B27G19/08—Accessories for keeping open the saw kerf, e.g. riving knives or wedge plates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27B—SAWS FOR WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; COMPONENTS OR ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • B27B31/00—Arrangements for conveying, loading, turning, adjusting, or discharging the log or timber, specially designed for saw mills or sawing machines
    • B27B31/08—Discharging equipment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27C—PLANING, DRILLING, MILLING, TURNING OR UNIVERSAL MACHINES FOR WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL
    • B27C1/00—Machines for producing flat surfaces, e.g. by rotary cutters; Equipment therefor
    • B27C1/005—Machines for producing flat surfaces, e.g. by rotary cutters; Equipment therefor with tools having a rotational vector which is perpendicular to the working surface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27L—REMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
    • B27L5/00—Manufacture of veneer ; Preparatory processing therefor
    • B27L5/002—Wood or veneer transporting devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27L—REMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
    • B27L5/00—Manufacture of veneer ; Preparatory processing therefor
    • B27L5/006—Cutting strips from a trunk or piece by a rotating tool
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T83/00—Cutting
    • Y10T83/202—With product handling means
    • Y10T83/2074—Including means to divert one portion of product from another
    • Y10T83/2077—By kerf entering guide
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T83/00—Cutting
    • Y10T83/202—With product handling means
    • Y10T83/2074—Including means to divert one portion of product from another
    • Y10T83/2083—Deflecting guide
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T83/00—Cutting
    • Y10T83/929—Tool or tool with support
    • Y10T83/9372—Rotatable type
    • Y10T83/9403—Disc type

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for separating or slitting a rigid material to be cut, in particular wood, with a modulus of elasticity of preferably approximately 50,000 to 400,000 kg / cm2, with a narrow tool having cutting elements, in particular a circular saw blade, which creates a gap of finite width in the clippings at a cutting speed of more than about 40 m / s by moving the tool and the clippings relative to one another along a feed direction are, and with a separating element which is arranged in the feed direction of the clippings directly behind the cutting elements and a profile piece separated by a gap from a clippings from the cleavage plane bends out of the clippings.
  • a device of the type mentioned above is known from WO 88/02683.
  • a circular saw with a rotating circular saw blade is preferably used.
  • the separating element is arranged concentrically to the circular saw blade in the form of a conically tapering and non-rotating collar.
  • the invention has for its object to develop a device of the type mentioned in such a way that an orderly continuation of the separated profile pieces in the feed direction of the material to be cut is possible without this leading to a mechanical overload of the separating element.
  • the object underlying the invention is completely achieved in this way.
  • the deflection device namely causes the bent profile piece to be deflected back into a path or direction which corresponds to the direction of advance of the clippings, so that further processing of the cut clippings is possible within the framework of an overall processing system for the clippings.
  • the above-mentioned disadvantages of possible local overstressing of the separating element are, on the other hand, avoided by means of the support device, because the support device can absorb part or all of the load that is exerted on the separating element by the deflection device via the bent profile piece.
  • the support device rests on the profile piece under rolling friction.
  • This measure has the advantage that a particularly low-friction support is possible, so that the local load on the separating element as a result of the action of the deflection device is not only distributed over the separating element and the supporting device, but rather is significantly reduced overall.
  • the torques exerted by the support device on the one hand and the deflection device on the other hand on the profile piece relative to the separating element essentially cancel each other out.
  • This measure has the advantage that the local load on the separating element can be reduced to the amount that is just inevitable in order to bend the profile piece out of the splitting plane.
  • a further embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the support device comprises a roller conveyor which is arranged directly in the feed direction of the material to be cut behind the separating element and which guides the profile piece perpendicular to the feed direction along a path which prevents the natural bending of the profile piece on the separating element in the absence of the Deflection device and the support device corresponds.
  • the support device comprises a roller conveyor which is arranged directly in the feed direction of the material to be cut behind the separating element and which guides the profile piece perpendicular to the feed direction along a path which prevents the natural bending of the profile piece on the separating element in the absence of the Deflection device and the support device corresponds.
  • This measure has the advantage that the area of the profile piece located upstream from the deflection device and the support device is entirely free of forces, based on the forces exerted by the deflection device and the support device on the profile piece.
  • 10 designates a total of clippings, in the exemplary embodiment shown a profiled wood, for example a tree trunk or a model that has already been processed on its surface.
  • a profile piece 12 in the example shown a side board, is to be separated from the clippings 13, in the example as the remaining main goods, along a slit plane 11.
  • a circular saw blade 15 rotating about an axis 14 is provided, which is located in the splitting plane 11.
  • the rotating circular saw blade 15 there is a spatially fixed separating element 20 of flat-conical shape, relative to the axis 14.
  • the separating element 20 On the inlet side of the circular saw blade 15, the separating element 20 has a conical contact surface 21 which corresponds to a contact area or contact point 22 of the running profile piece 12.
  • the cut-off profile piece 12 is bent out of the splitting plane 11, as shown in dash-dot lines in FIG. 1 with a first course 25.
  • the device according to the invention corresponds entirely to that described in the above-mentioned WO 88/02683 by the same applicant.
  • the disclosure content of which is made by this reference to the disclosure content of the present application.
  • the first course 25 shown in broken lines in FIG. 1 has the disadvantage that the separated profile piece 12 runs away from the clippings 13 in an oblique direction.
  • a deflection device can therefore be used in order to achieve a second course 26 which does not run away and which is shown in solid lines in FIG. 1.
  • This deflection device can consist, for example, of a deflection roller 27 which is rotatable about an axis 28 and rests on a front section 29 of the separated and bent profile piece 12. The deflection roller 27 thus exerts a force F on the front section 29 of the profile piece 12, which is directed towards the splitting plane 11.
  • the circular saw blade 15 is located on a fixed circular saw.
  • the clippings 10 must be advanced, in the direction 30 indicated by an arrow along the splitting plane 11.
  • the front section 29 likewise moves essentially in the direction 30, that is to say parallel is moved to the advanced clippings 13.
  • the deflection device also has the effect of a lever. If one considers the separated and bent profile piece 12 as a lever and the point of engagement of the circular saw blade 15 on the clippings 10 as a joint, the force F of the deflection roller 27 acts relative to this pivot point via a lever arm L, which corresponds to the distance of the axis 28 from Point of engagement of the circular saw blade 15 in the direction 30 corresponds. On the other hand, the contact point or contact area 22 is only a very small distance 1 from this point of engagement. The result is a two-armed lever in which the deflection force F is converted into an additional force via the very large ratio L / 1, which acts in the contact area 22 between the profile piece 12 and the separating element 20.
  • the deflection device therefore results in an additional load on the contact area 22 on the separating element 20. If, as preferred, the separating element 20 is arranged in a non-rotating and thus spatially fixed manner, this overload always occurs on the same surface area of the separating element 20, with the result that there is overheating and thus material fatigue, combined with increased material removal can.
  • FIG. 2 an additional support device is provided according to FIG. 2. 2, the same elements are provided with the same reference numerals as in FIG. 1.
  • a roller conveyor 40 with first rollers 41 and second rollers 42 is provided immediately downstream of the separating element 20, through which the bent profile piece 12 runs. After passing through the roller conveyor 40, the profile piece 12 again passes into the region of a deflection device with a deflection roller 27 'which can be rotated about an axis 28'.
  • first rollers 41 are arranged upstream of the second rollers 42.
  • the first rollers 41 are preferably arranged such that the movement path of the profile piece 12 defined by them corresponds precisely to the natural bending line of the profile piece 12 after bending in the contact area 22. If this is the case, the profile piece 12 leaves the roller path formed by the first rollers 41 without any force, so that a force which acts essentially radially on the profile piece 12 downstream of the first rollers 41 has no effect on the section of the profile piece 12, which is still upstream of the first rollers 41.
  • first rollers 41 and the second rollers 42 can each be used individually, but preferably in combination with one another.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sawing (AREA)
  • Debarking, Splitting, And Disintegration Of Timber (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Wood Veneers (AREA)
  • Nonmetal Cutting Devices (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Bulk Treatment Of Fruits And Vegetables And Apparatuses For Preparing Feeds (AREA)
  • Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)
  • Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)

Abstract

A device serves for cleaving or slitting preferably wood. It has a narrow tool, in particular a circular saw blade (15), which possesses cutting elements and produces a gap of finite width in the sawn article (10). The tool and the sawn article (10) are moved in a feed direction (30) relative to one another. A cleaving element (20) is arranged directly behind the cutting elements in the feed direction (30) of the sawn article (10). A profiled piece (12) separated from a sawn-article remainder (13) by the gap is thus bent out of the gap plane (11) away from the sawn-article remainder (13). A deflecting device (27, 28) is arranged at a first distance (L1) from the cleaving element (20) and exerts a force (F1) on the surface (44) of the profiled piece (12) facing away from the gap plane (11). A supporting device (40 to 42) is arranged at a second distance (L2) from the cleaving element (20) which is smaller than the first distance (L1). The supporting device (40 to 42) exerts a force (F2) on the surface (45) of the profiled piece (12) facing the gap plane (11) (Fig. 2). <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Trennen oder Schlitzen eines starren Schnittgutes, insbesondere Holz, mit einem Elastizitätsmodul von vorzugsweise etwa 50.000 bis 400.000 kg/cm², mit einem schmalen, spanabhebende Elemente aufweisenden Werkzeug, insbesondere einem Kreissägeblatt, das bei einer Schnittgeschwindigkeit von mehr als etwa 40 m/s einen Spalt endlicher Breite im Schnittgut anbringt, indem das Werkzeug und das Schnittgut entlang einer Vorschubrichtung relativ zueinander bewegt werden, und mit einem Trennelement, das in Vorschubrichtung des Schnittgutes unmittelbar hinter den spanabhebenden Elementen angeordnet ist und ein durch den Spalt von einem Schnittgutrest getrenntes Profilstück aus der Spaltebene heraus vom Schnittgutrest abbiegt.The invention relates to a device for separating or slitting a rigid material to be cut, in particular wood, with a modulus of elasticity of preferably approximately 50,000 to 400,000 kg / cm², with a narrow tool having cutting elements, in particular a circular saw blade, which creates a gap of finite width in the clippings at a cutting speed of more than about 40 m / s by moving the tool and the clippings relative to one another along a feed direction are, and with a separating element which is arranged in the feed direction of the clippings directly behind the cutting elements and a profile piece separated by a gap from a clippings from the cleavage plane bends out of the clippings.

Eine Vorrichtung der vorstehend genannten Art ist aus der WO 88/02683 bekannt.A device of the type mentioned above is known from WO 88/02683.

Bei der bekannten Vorrichtung wird vorzugsweise eine Kreissäge mit rotierendem Kreissägeblatt verwendet. Konzentrisch zum Kreissägeblatt ist das Trennelement in Gestalt eines konisch zulaufenden und nicht-rotierenden Kragens angeordnet. Mit dieser Anordnung wird erreicht, daß bspw. beim Absägen eines Seitenbretts von einer Hauptware das Seitenbrett nach dem Passieren der Zähne des Kreissägeblatts auf das raumfeste Trennelement aufläuft und aus der Schnittebene heraus abgebogen wird. Auf diese Weise wird erreicht, daß eine weitere Reibung des abgetrennten Seitenbretts an dem umlaufenden Kreissägeblatt verhindert wird. Dies reduziert die Wärmeentwicklung im Bereiche des Kreissägeblatts beträchtlich.In the known device, a circular saw with a rotating circular saw blade is preferably used. The separating element is arranged concentrically to the circular saw blade in the form of a conically tapering and non-rotating collar. With this arrangement it is achieved that, for example when sawing off a side board from a main item, the side board after passing the teeth of the circular saw blade runs onto the fixed separating element and is bent out of the cutting plane. In this way it is achieved that further friction of the separated side board on the rotating circular saw blade is prevented. This considerably reduces the heat development in the area of the circular saw blade.

Es hat sich nun gezeigt, daß ein auf diese Weise aus der Spaltebene heraus abgebogenes Profilstück oder Seitenbrett sich seitlich zu weit vom Schnittgutrest entfernt, weil das abgetrennte Profilstück nach dem Abbiegen wieder eine gerade Form annimmt und dann unter einem Winkel zur Vorschubrichtung des Schnittgutes wegläuft.It has now been shown that a profile piece or side board bent in this way out of the splitting plane moves too far away from the clippings because the separated profile piece is straight again after bending Takes shape and then runs away at an angle to the feed direction of the clippings.

Man hat daher bei Versuchen eine Umlenkeinrichtung eingesetzt, um das seitlich weglaufende Profilstück wieder in eine Richtung umzubiegen, die im wesentlichen der Vorschubrichtung des Schnittgutes entspricht. Diese Vorgehensweise ist jedoch nicht gänzlich unproblematisch, weil sich durch die Umlenkeinrichtung ein erhöhter Anpreßdruck des Profilstücks am Trennelement einstellt. Bei einem raumfesten Trennelement tritt diese lokale Überlastung stets an derselben Stelle, nämlich an dem Auflaufpunkt des Profilstücks, auf das Trennelement auf, so daß es dort, wie Versuche gezeigt haben, zu Materialermüdungen kommen kann.For this reason, a deflection device has been used in experiments in order to bend the profile piece running away laterally again in a direction which essentially corresponds to the feed direction of the material to be cut. However, this procedure is not entirely unproblematic because the deflection device results in an increased contact pressure of the profile piece on the separating element. In the case of a spatially fixed separating element, this local overload always occurs at the same point, namely at the point of contact of the profile piece, on the separating element, so that, as tests have shown, material fatigue can occur there.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Vorrichtung der eingangs genannten Art dahingehend weiterzubilden, daß eine geordnete Weiterführung der abgetrennten Profilstücke in Vorschubrichtung des Schnittgutes möglich ist, ohne daß dies zu einer mechanischen Überlastung des Trennelementes führt.The invention has for its object to develop a device of the type mentioned in such a way that an orderly continuation of the separated profile pieces in the feed direction of the material to be cut is possible without this leading to a mechanical overload of the separating element.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß gelöst durch

  • eine Umlenkeinrichtung, die in Vorschubrichtung des Schnittgutes in einem ersten Abstand von dem Trennelement angeordnet ist und eine Kraft auf die von der Spaltebene abgewandte Oberfläche des getrennten Profilstücks ausübt, und
  • eine Abstützeinrichtung, die in einem zweiten Abstand von dem Trennelement angeordnet ist, der kleiner als der erste Abstand ist, und die eine Kraft auf die der Spaltebene zugewandte Oberfläche des getrennten Profilstücks ausübt.
According to the invention, this object is achieved by
  • a deflection device which is arranged at a first distance from the separating element in the feed direction of the material to be cut and exerts a force on the surface of the separated profile piece facing away from the splitting plane, and
  • a support device which is arranged at a second distance from the separating element, which is smaller than the first distance, and which exerts a force on the surface of the separated profile piece facing the splitting plane.

Die der Erfindung zugrundeliegende Aufgabe wird auf diese Weise vollkommen gelöst. Die Umlenkeinrichtung bewirkt nämlich in der gewünschten Weise, daß das abgebogene Profilstück wieder in eine Bahn bzw. Richtung zurückgelenkt wird, die der Vorschubrichtung des Schnittgutes entspricht, so daß eine Weiterbehandlung des abgetrennten Schnittgutes im Rahmen einer gesamthaften Bearbeitungsanlage für das Schnittgut möglich ist. Die weiter oben genannten Nachteile einer möglichen lokalen Überbeanspruchung des Trennelementes werden andererseits mittels der Abstützeinrichtung vermieden, weil die Abstützeinrichtung einen Teil der oder auch die gesamte Belastung aufnehmen kann, die von der Umlenkeinrichtung über das abgebogene Profilstück auf das Trennelement ausgeübt wird. Im Rahmen der Abstützeinrichtung ergeben sich dabei erheblich mehr konstruktive Möglichkeiten für eine reibungsarme Gestaltung, als dies beim Trennelement selbst möglich ist, weil das Trennelement sich auf extrem beengtem Raum unmittelbar am Werkzeug befindet und dort seine Abbiegefunktion ausüben muß. Dies schränkt die konstruktiven Möglichkeiten bei der Realisierung des Trennelementes erheblich ein.The object underlying the invention is completely achieved in this way. The deflection device namely causes the bent profile piece to be deflected back into a path or direction which corresponds to the direction of advance of the clippings, so that further processing of the cut clippings is possible within the framework of an overall processing system for the clippings. The above-mentioned disadvantages of possible local overstressing of the separating element are, on the other hand, avoided by means of the support device, because the support device can absorb part or all of the load that is exerted on the separating element by the deflection device via the bent profile piece. Within the framework of the support device, there are considerably more constructive options for a low-friction design than is possible with the separating element itself, because the separating element is located in an extremely confined space directly on the tool and has to perform its bending function there. This considerably limits the constructive possibilities when realizing the separating element.

Bei einer besonders bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung liegt die Abstützeinrichtung unter Rollreibung am Profilstück an.In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the support device rests on the profile piece under rolling friction.

Diese Maßnahme hat den Vorteil, daß eine ganz besonders reibungsarme Abstützung möglich ist, so daß die lokale Belastung des Trennelementes infolge der Wirkung der Umlenkeinrichtung nicht etwa nur auf das Trennelement und die Abstützeinrichtung verteilt sondern vielmehr insgesamt deutlich vermindert wird.This measure has the advantage that a particularly low-friction support is possible, so that the local load on the separating element as a result of the action of the deflection device is not only distributed over the separating element and the supporting device, but rather is significantly reduced overall.

Bei einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung heben sich die von der Abstützeinrichtung einerseits und der Umlenkeinrichtung andererseits auf das Profilstück relativ zum Trennelement ausgeübten Drehmomente im wesentlichen gegenseitig auf.In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the torques exerted by the support device on the one hand and the deflection device on the other hand on the profile piece relative to the separating element essentially cancel each other out.

Diese Maßnahme hat den Vorteil, daß die lokale Belastung am Trennelement auf den Betrag reduziert werden kann, der gerade noch unvermeidbar ist, um das Profilstück aus der Spaltebene heraus abzubiegen.This measure has the advantage that the local load on the separating element can be reduced to the amount that is just inevitable in order to bend the profile piece out of the splitting plane.

Eine weitere Ausführungsform der Erfindung zeichnet sich dadurch aus, daß die Abstützeinrichtung einen Rollengang umfaßt, der unmittelbar in Vorschubrichtung des Schnittgutes hinter dem Trennelement angeordnet ist und das Profilstück senkrecht zur Vorschubrichtung entlang einer Bahn führt, die der natürlichen Abbiegung des Profilstücks am Trennelement in Abwesenheit der Umlenkeinrichtung und der Abstützeinrichtung entspricht.A further embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the support device comprises a roller conveyor which is arranged directly in the feed direction of the material to be cut behind the separating element and which guides the profile piece perpendicular to the feed direction along a path which prevents the natural bending of the profile piece on the separating element in the absence of the Deflection device and the support device corresponds.

Diese Maßnahme hat den Vorteil, daß der stromaufwärts von Umlenkeinrichtung und Abstützeinrichtung befindliche Bereich des Profilstücks gänzlich kräftefrei, bezogen auf die Kräfte ist, die von der Umlenkeinrichtung und der Abstützeinrichtung auf das Profilstück ausgeübt werden.This measure has the advantage that the area of the profile piece located upstream from the deflection device and the support device is entirely free of forces, based on the forces exerted by the deflection device and the support device on the profile piece.

Weitere Vorteile ergeben sich aus der Beschreibung und der beigefügten Zeichnung.Further advantages result from the description and the attached drawing.

Es versteht sich, daß die vorstehend genannten und die nachstehend noch zu erläuternden Merkmale nicht nur in der jeweils angegebenen Kombination, sondern auch in anderen Kombinationen oder in Alleinstellung verwendbar sind, ohne den Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung zu verlassen.It goes without saying that the features mentioned above and those yet to be explained not only in the respectively specified combination but also in other combinations or can be used alone without leaving the scope of the present invention.

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in der Zeichnung dargestellt und werden in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine Seitenansicht, teilweise im Schnitt, durch eine Vorrichtung mit einer Kreissäge zum Abtrennen eines Seitenbretts von einer Hauptware;
Fig. 2
eine Vorrichtung ähnlich Fig. 1, jedoch mit sämtlichen Merkmalen der Erfindung.
Exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawing and are explained in more detail in the following description. Show it:
Fig. 1
a side view, partly in section, through a device with a circular saw for separating a side board from a main item;
Fig. 2
a device similar to FIG. 1, but with all the features of the invention.

In den Figuren bezeichnet 10 insgesamt ein Schnittgut, im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel ein Profilholz, also bspw. einen Baumstamm oder ein bereits an seiner Oberfläche bearbeitetes Model. Mittels der dargestellten Vorrichtung soll entlang einer Spaltebene 11 ein Profilstück 12, im dargestellten Beispielsfall also ein Seitenbrett, vom Schnittgutrest 13, im Beispielsfall als der verbleibenden Hauptware, abgetrennt werden.In the figures, 10 designates a total of clippings, in the exemplary embodiment shown a profiled wood, for example a tree trunk or a model that has already been processed on its surface. Using the device shown, a profile piece 12, in the example shown a side board, is to be separated from the clippings 13, in the example as the remaining main goods, along a slit plane 11.

Zu diesem Zwecke ist ein um eine Achse 14 rotierendes Kreissägeblatt 15 vorgesehen, das sich in der Spaltebene 11 befindet.For this purpose, a circular saw blade 15 rotating about an axis 14 is provided, which is located in the splitting plane 11.

Um das rotierende Kreissägeblatt 15 herum ist ein raumfestes Trennelement 20 von flachkonischer Gestalt, relativ zur Achse 14, angeordnet. Auf der Einlaufseite des Kreissägeblatts 15 hat das Trennelement 20 eine konische Anlauffläche 21, die einem Anlagebereich oder Anlagepunkt 22 des auflaufenden Profilstücks 12 entspricht.Around the rotating circular saw blade 15 there is a spatially fixed separating element 20 of flat-conical shape, relative to the axis 14. On the inlet side of the circular saw blade 15, the separating element 20 has a conical contact surface 21 which corresponds to a contact area or contact point 22 of the running profile piece 12.

Infolge der konischen Gestaltung des Trennelementes 20 wird das abgetrennte Profilstück 12 aus der Spaltebene 11 heraus abgebogen, wie mit einem ersten Verlauf 25 in Fig. 1 strichpunktiert dargestellt ist.As a result of the conical design of the separating element 20, the cut-off profile piece 12 is bent out of the splitting plane 11, as shown in dash-dot lines in FIG. 1 with a first course 25.

Insoweit entspricht die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung gänzlich derjenigen, die in der eingangs genannten WO 88/02683 derselben Anmelderin beschrieben ist. Hinsichtlich weiterer Einzelheiten wird auf diese Druckschrift verwiesen, ihren Offenbarungsgehalt durch diesen Hinweis zum Offenbarungsgehalt der vorliegenden Anmeldung gemacht wird.In this respect, the device according to the invention corresponds entirely to that described in the above-mentioned WO 88/02683 by the same applicant. For further details, reference is made to this document, the disclosure content of which is made by this reference to the disclosure content of the present application.

Der in Fig. 1 strichpunktiert eingezeichnete erste Verlauf 25 hat den Nachteil, daß das abgetrennte Profilstück 12 in schräger Richtung vom Schnittgutrest 13 wegläuft.The first course 25 shown in broken lines in FIG. 1 has the disadvantage that the separated profile piece 12 runs away from the clippings 13 in an oblique direction.

Man kann daher, um einen nicht-weglaufenden zweiten Verlauf 26 zu erreichen, der in Fig. 1 durchgezogen dargestellt ist, eine Umlenkeinrichtung verwenden. Diese Umlenkeinrichtung kann z.B. aus einer Umlenkrolle 27 bestehen, die um eine Achse 28 drehbar ist und auf einem vorderen Abschnitt 29 des abgetrennten und abgebogenen Profilstücks 12 aufliegt. Die Umlenkrolle 27 übt damit eine Kraft F auf den vorderen Abschnitt 29 des Profilstücks 12 aus, die zur Spaltebene 11 hin gerichtet ist.A deflection device can therefore be used in order to achieve a second course 26 which does not run away and which is shown in solid lines in FIG. 1. This deflection device can consist, for example, of a deflection roller 27 which is rotatable about an axis 28 and rests on a front section 29 of the separated and bent profile piece 12. The deflection roller 27 thus exerts a force F on the front section 29 of the profile piece 12, which is directed towards the splitting plane 11.

Im dargestellten Beispielsfall befindet sich das Kreissägeblatt 15 an einer raumfesten Kreissäge. Infolgedessen muß das Schnittgut 10 vorgeschoben werden, und zwar in der mit einem Pfeil angedeuteten Richtung 30 entlang der Spaltebene 11. Mit der dargestellten und erläuterten Umlenkeinrichtung wird nun erreicht, daß der vordere Abschnitt 29 sich ebenfalls im wesentlichen in der Richtung 30 vorwärtsbewegt, also parallel zum vorgeschobenen Schnittgutrest 13 bewegt wird.In the example shown, the circular saw blade 15 is located on a fixed circular saw. As a result, the clippings 10 must be advanced, in the direction 30 indicated by an arrow along the splitting plane 11. With the deflection device shown and explained, it is now achieved that the front section 29 likewise moves essentially in the direction 30, that is to say parallel is moved to the advanced clippings 13.

Wie man nun aus Fig. 1 leicht erkennen kann, hat die Umlenkeinrichtung auch die Wirkung eines Hebels. Betrachtet man nämlich in abstrahierender Betrachtungsweise das abgetrennte und abgebogene Profilstück 12 als Hebel und den Eingriffspunkt des Kreissägeblatts 15 am Schnittgut 10 als Gelenk, so wirkt die Kraft F der Umlenkrolle 27 relativ zu diesem Drehpunkt über einen Hebelarm L, der dem Abstand der Achse 28 vom Eingriffspunkt des Kreissägeblatts 15 in der Richtung 30 entspricht. Andererseits hat der Anlagepunkt oder Anlagebereich 22 nur einen sehr kleinen Abstand 1 von diesem Eingriffspunkt. Es entsteht somit ein zweiarmiger Hebel, bei dem die Umlenkkraft F über das sehr große Verhältnis L/1 in eine zusätzliche Kraft umgesetzt wird, die im Anlagebereich 22 zwischen Profilstück 12 und Trennelement 20 wirkt. Die Umlenkeinrichtung hat daher, mit anderen Worten, eine zusätzliche Belastung des Anlagebereiches 22 auf dem Trennelement 20 zur Folge. Wenn das Trennelement 20, wie bevorzugt, nicht-rotierend und damit raumfest angeordnet ist, tritt diese Überlastung stets auf demselben Oberflächenbereich des Trennelementes 20 auf, mit der Folge, daß es dort zu einer Überhitzung und damit Materialermüdung, verbunden mit einer erhöhten Materialabtragung, kommen kann.As can be easily seen from Fig. 1, the deflection device also has the effect of a lever. If one considers the separated and bent profile piece 12 as a lever and the point of engagement of the circular saw blade 15 on the clippings 10 as a joint, the force F of the deflection roller 27 acts relative to this pivot point via a lever arm L, which corresponds to the distance of the axis 28 from Point of engagement of the circular saw blade 15 in the direction 30 corresponds. On the other hand, the contact point or contact area 22 is only a very small distance 1 from this point of engagement. The result is a two-armed lever in which the deflection force F is converted into an additional force via the very large ratio L / 1, which acts in the contact area 22 between the profile piece 12 and the separating element 20. In other words, the deflection device therefore results in an additional load on the contact area 22 on the separating element 20. If, as preferred, the separating element 20 is arranged in a non-rotating and thus spatially fixed manner, this overload always occurs on the same surface area of the separating element 20, with the result that there is overheating and thus material fatigue, combined with increased material removal can.

Um diesen Nachteilen zu begegnen, wird gemäß Fig. 2 eine zusätzliche Abstützeinrichtung vorgesehen. Bei der Darstellung der Fig. 2 sind im Vergleich zu Fig. 1 gleiche Elemente mit denselben Bezugszeichen versehen.In order to counter these disadvantages, an additional support device is provided according to FIG. 2. 2, the same elements are provided with the same reference numerals as in FIG. 1.

Man erkennt, daß unmittelbar stromabwärts des Trennelementes 20 ein Rollengang 40 mit ersten Rollen 41 und zweiten Rollen 42 vorgesehen ist, durch den das abgebogene Profilstück 12 hindurchläuft. Nach Durchlaufen des Rollenganges 40 gelangt das Profilstück 12 wiederum in den Bereich einer Umlenkeinrichtung mit einer Umlenkrolle 27', die um eine Achse 28' drehbar ist.It can be seen that a roller conveyor 40 with first rollers 41 and second rollers 42 is provided immediately downstream of the separating element 20, through which the bent profile piece 12 runs. After passing through the roller conveyor 40, the profile piece 12 again passes into the region of a deflection device with a deflection roller 27 'which can be rotated about an axis 28'.

Betrachtet man zunächst nur die Umlenkrolle 27' und die zweiten Rollen 42 und 42', so ist leicht einsehbar, daß die Umlenkrolle 27' eine Kraft F₁ auf das Profilstück 12 ausübt, und zwar auf dessen Oberfläche 44, die von der Spaltebene 11 abgewandt ist. Im Gegensatz dazu übt die untere Rolle 42' eine Kraft F₂ auf das Profilstück 12 auf, und zwar auf eine Oberfläche 45, die zur Spaltebene 11 hin gewandt ist.If you first consider only the deflection roller 27 'and the second rollers 42 and 42', it can easily be seen that the deflection roller 27 'exerts a force F 1 on the profile piece 12, namely on its surface 44 which faces away from the splitting plane 11 . In contrast, the lower roller 42 'exerts a force F₂ on the profile piece 12, namely on a surface 45 which faces the splitting plane 11.

Nimmt man an, daß in Vorschubrichtung 30 der Angriffspunkt der Kraft F₁ um die Länge L₁ vom Anlagebereich 22 des Profilstücks 12 am Trennelement 20 entfernt ist, und daß die entsprechende Entfernung L2 für den Angriffspunkt der Kraft F₂ am Profilstück 12 gilt, so ist leicht einzusehen, daß durch einstellende Kräfte F₁ und F₂ eine Entlastung des Trennelementes 20 im Anlagebereich 22 möglich ist. Wenn bspw. die Kraft F₂ so eingestellt wird, daß das wirksame Drehmoment um den Anlagebereich 22 gerade entgegengesetzt so groß ist, wie das von der Kraft F₁ ausgeübte Drehmoment, so würde die Rolle 42' die Wirkung der Umlenkrolle 27' auf das Trennelement 20 gerade kompensieren.Assuming that the point of application of the force F 1 in the feed direction 30 is removed by the length L 1 from the contact area 22 of the profile piece 12 on the separating element 20, and that the corresponding distance L2 applies to the point of application of the force F 2 on the profile piece 12, so it is easy to see that a relief of the separating element 20 in the contact area 22 is possible by adjusting forces F₁ and F₂. If, for example, the force F₂ is set so that the effective torque around the contact area 22 is just as large as the torque exerted by the force F₁, the would Roller 42 'just compensate for the effect of the deflection roller 27' on the separating element 20.

Wichtig ist dabei ferner, daß über die Rolle 42'lediglich eine Rollreibung auf das Profilstück 12 ausgeübt wird, so daß die Entlastung des Anlagebereichs 22 eine effektive Verminderung der Gesamtreibung mit sich bringt.It is also important that only a rolling friction is exerted on the profile piece 12 via the roller 42 ', so that the relief of the contact area 22 brings with it an effective reduction in the overall friction.

Bevorzugt ist dabei, wenn den zweiten Rollen 42 noch die ersten Rollen 41 vorgeordnet sind. Die ersten Rollen 41 sind dabei vorzugsweise so angeordnet, daß die von ihnen definierte Bewegungsbahn des Profilstücks 12 gerade der natürlichen Biegelinie des Profilstücks 12 nach dem Abbiegen im Anlagebereich 22 entspricht. Wenn das so ist, verläßt das Profilstück 12 den durch die ersten Rollen 41 gebildeten Rollengang vollkommen kräftefrei, so daß eine Kraft, die stromabwärts der ersten Rollen 41 im wesentlichen radial auf das Profilstück 12 einwirkt, keine Auswirkung auf den Abschnitt des Profilstücks 12 hat, der sich noch stromaufwärts der ersten Rollen 41 befindet.It is preferred if the first rollers 41 are arranged upstream of the second rollers 42. The first rollers 41 are preferably arranged such that the movement path of the profile piece 12 defined by them corresponds precisely to the natural bending line of the profile piece 12 after bending in the contact area 22. If this is the case, the profile piece 12 leaves the roller path formed by the first rollers 41 without any force, so that a force which acts essentially radially on the profile piece 12 downstream of the first rollers 41 has no effect on the section of the profile piece 12, which is still upstream of the first rollers 41.

Aus den vorstehenden Ausführungen wird klar, daß die ersten Rollen 41 und die zweiten Rollen 42 jeweils einzeln, bevorzugt aber in Kombination miteinander verwendet werden können.From the above, it is clear that the first rollers 41 and the second rollers 42 can each be used individually, but preferably in combination with one another.

Es versteht sich, daß die darstellende Figuren 1 und 2 der besseren Übersichtlichkeit und Verständlichkeit halber nur äußerst schematisch zu verstehen sind und die tatsächlichen Größenverhältnisse nicht wiedergeben. Im Einzelfall muß die Anordnung und Anzahl der Umlenk- und Abstützrollen von Fall zu Fall festgelegt werden, wobei sich die Art des Schnittgutes, d.h. der zu bearbeitende Werkstoff bzw. Holzart, ebenso auswirken können wie die Dicke des abzutrennenden Profilstücks.It is understood that the illustrative figures 1 and 2 are to be understood only extremely schematically for the sake of clarity and clarity and do not reflect the actual proportions. In individual cases, the arrangement and number of deflection and support rollers must be determined on a case-by-case basis, whereby the type of material to be cut, i.e. the material or type of wood to be processed, as well as the thickness of the profile piece to be cut.

Claims (4)

  1. An apparatus for cleaving or slitting a rigid cutting article (10), in particular wood, having a modulus of elasticity of, preferably, between about 50,000 and 400,000 kg/cm², comprising a narrow tool having chip-removing elements, in particular a circular saw blade (15) for applying a slit of finite width within the cutting article (10) at a cutting speed in excess of about 40 m/s, by displacing the tool (15) and the cutting article (10) along an infeed direction (30) relative to one another, and comprising a separation element (20) being located in the infeed direction (30) of the cutting article (10) immediately behind the chip-removing element and bending a profiled section (12) having been separated by the slit from the remaining cutting article (13), away from the slitting plane (11) and from the remaining cutting article (13), characterized by:
    - a deflection installation (27', 28') being located in the infeed direction (30) of the cutting article (10) in a first distance (L₁) from the separation element (20) and exerting a force (F₁) on a surface (44) of the separated profiled section (12), the surface (44) being opposed to the slitting plane (11), and
    - a support installation (40 - 42, 42'), being located at a second distance (L₂) from the separation element (20), the second distance (L₂) being smaller than the first distance (L₁), the support installation (40 - 42, 42') exerting a force (F₂) on another surface (45) of the separated profiled section (12), the other surface (45) being directed to the slitting plane (11).
  2. The apparatus of claim 1, characterized in that the support installation (40 - 42) engages the separated profiled section (12) under rolling friction.
  3. The apparatus of claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the torques exerted by the support installation (40 - 42) on the one hand side and by the deflection installation (27, 28) on the other hand side on the separated profiled section (12), relative to the separation element (20), essentially compensate each other.
  4. The apparatus of any of claims 1 - 3, characterized in that the support installation (40 - 42) comprises a roller train (40) being located immediately behind the separation element (20) in the infeed direction (30) of the cutting article (10), the roller train (40) guiding the separated profiled section (12) along a path perpendicular to the infeed direction (30), the path corresponding to the natural deflection of the separated profiled section (12) on the separation element (20) in the absence of the deflection installation (27, 28) and the support installation (40, 42).
EP91118585A 1990-11-05 1991-10-31 Device for cleaving or slitting a rigid sawn article, in particular wood Expired - Lifetime EP0484825B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4035048A DE4035048A1 (en) 1990-11-05 1990-11-05 DEVICE FOR SEPARATING OR SLITING A RIGID CUT, IN PARTICULAR WOOD
DE4035048 1990-11-05

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0484825A1 EP0484825A1 (en) 1992-05-13
EP0484825B1 true EP0484825B1 (en) 1994-09-28

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EP91118585A Expired - Lifetime EP0484825B1 (en) 1990-11-05 1991-10-31 Device for cleaving or slitting a rigid sawn article, in particular wood

Country Status (6)

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US (1) US5146964A (en)
EP (1) EP0484825B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE112206T1 (en)
CA (1) CA2054938C (en)
DE (2) DE4035048A1 (en)
FI (1) FI96287C (en)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5209253A (en) * 1991-05-06 1993-05-11 Taylor Julian S Emergency shutoff valve and regulator assembly
DE4121021A1 (en) * 1991-06-18 1992-12-24 Wurster & Dietz Maschf METHOD AND DEVICE FOR SEPARATING OR SLITING A RIGID CUT
DE4337682C1 (en) * 1993-11-04 1995-05-04 Dietz Hans Prof Dr Method and device for cutting a tree trunk
AT404107B (en) * 1996-06-13 1998-08-25 Rupert Hirnsperger DEVICE OR METHOD FOR CHIP-FREE CUTTING OF WOOD LAMPS AND BOARDS
US7293488B2 (en) * 2003-11-04 2007-11-13 Henry Wang Splitter for circular table saw and method of installation
US7475621B2 (en) * 2004-11-02 2009-01-13 Henry Wang Kerf control apparatus for a table saw
ITBZ20110014A1 (en) * 2011-04-11 2012-10-12 Albert Rabensteiner TRIMMING MACHINE FOR WOOD, IN PARTICULAR DOUBLE SQUARING MACHINE.
DE102021128977A1 (en) 2021-11-08 2023-05-11 Gebrüder Linck, Maschinenfabrik "Gatterlinck" GmbH & Co. KG Device for separating a bundle of sawn timber into main and side boards

Family Cites Families (9)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1528302A1 (en) * 1965-03-17 1970-04-16 Bosse Carl Bernd Device for transporting veneer sheets
YU33837B (en) * 1970-08-27 1978-06-30 Karlovopolska Strojirna Device for drawing and taking over sheets of a veneer from a veneer-cutting machine
DE3207548C2 (en) * 1982-03-03 1984-02-23 Gebrüder Linck Maschinenfabrik und Eisengießerei "Gatterlinck", 7602 Oberkirch Device for the production of flat wood products such as boards
DE3343294A1 (en) * 1983-11-30 1985-06-05 Gebrüder Linck Maschinenfabrik und Eisengießerei "Gatterlinck", 7602 Oberkirch DEVICE FOR PRODUCING CANNED WOOD BY SPANLESS SEPARATION OF SIDEBOARDS
US4589458A (en) * 1984-10-29 1986-05-20 Vermont American Corporation Multiple saw blade adjustable dado cutter
WO1988000517A1 (en) * 1986-07-10 1988-01-28 Wurster U. Dietz Gmbh U. Co. Maschinenfabrik Process and device for cutting up tree trunks into wood products without shavings
DE3623235A1 (en) * 1986-07-10 1988-01-21 Wurster & Dietz Gmbh U Co Masc Method and apparatus for separating treetrunks into finished wood products
EP0286668B1 (en) * 1986-10-17 1993-08-04 Wurster u. Dietz GmbH u. Co. Maschinenfabrik Process and device for cleaving or slitting a rigid sawn article, in particular wood
DE4026346A1 (en) * 1989-11-01 1991-05-02 Linck Masch Gatterlinck METHOD FOR SPANLESS SPLITING OF A QUANTITY WOOD IN BOARDS OF THE SAME THICKNESS

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI96287C (en) 1996-06-10
EP0484825A1 (en) 1992-05-13
FI915191A0 (en) 1991-11-04
FI915191A (en) 1992-05-06
FI96287B (en) 1996-02-29
DE4035048C2 (en) 1992-10-08
US5146964A (en) 1992-09-15
ATE112206T1 (en) 1994-10-15
DE4035048A1 (en) 1992-05-07
DE59103108D1 (en) 1994-11-03
CA2054938C (en) 1996-10-01
CA2054938A1 (en) 1992-05-06

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