EP0483678A2 - Steam boiler - Google Patents

Steam boiler Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0483678A2
EP0483678A2 EP91118215A EP91118215A EP0483678A2 EP 0483678 A2 EP0483678 A2 EP 0483678A2 EP 91118215 A EP91118215 A EP 91118215A EP 91118215 A EP91118215 A EP 91118215A EP 0483678 A2 EP0483678 A2 EP 0483678A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
flue
section
pipe
steam boiler
passage cross
Prior art date
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Granted
Application number
EP91118215A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0483678A3 (en
EP0483678B1 (en
Inventor
Otmar Dipl.-Ing. Bertsch
Konrad Dipl.-Ing. Schmidt
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Josef Bertsch & Co GmbH
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Josef Bertsch & Co GmbH
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Publication date
Priority claimed from AT219790A external-priority patent/AT395470B/en
Application filed by Josef Bertsch & Co GmbH filed Critical Josef Bertsch & Co GmbH
Publication of EP0483678A2 publication Critical patent/EP0483678A2/en
Publication of EP0483678A3 publication Critical patent/EP0483678A3/en
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Publication of EP0483678B1 publication Critical patent/EP0483678B1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/008—Adaptations for flue gas purification in steam generators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a steam boiler with the features of the preamble of claim 1.
  • a steam boiler of this type is the subject of European patent application 91 103 143.3.
  • Such systems are indeed suitable for heating the flue gas entering the catalyst to the reaction temperature required here, but the associated outlay on equipment is extremely large and therefore expensive, so that such facilities are only suitable for large systems.
  • Such systems cannot be used with steam boilers for medium power, i.e. for power between 10 and 30 MW, because they are too complex and too expensive.
  • the cross section of the catalytic converter is therefore struck by a flue gas stream which has a very different temperature across its cross section, with relatively hot flue gas flowing in laterally.
  • a flue gas stream which has a very different temperature across its cross section, with relatively hot flue gas flowing in laterally.
  • the efficiency of the DeNO x system with a catalyst and an NH3 injector is the better, the more uniform the temperature of the flue gas is over the entire cross section of the flue; Flue gas of the same temperature flows over the entire cross section of the catalyst.
  • the flue pipe 6 with the enlarged diameter lies in the central region of the flue pipe 4.
  • the chamber-side end of the flue pipe 6 has an upward, pipe-like extension 25 (FIGS. 3 and 4), the mouth of which has openings 26 above the throttle valve 9.
  • a perforated plate 27 is arranged above the mouth opening of this pipe-like, upwardly directed extension 25 and at a distance therefrom, which extends over the entire cross section of the flue pipe 28.
  • the mouth opening of the pipe-like extension 25 lies in or above the plane of the uppermost pipes 5 of the smoke pipe duct 4 (FIGS. 3 and 4).
  • throttle valves 30 are likewise pivotably mounted. These throttle valves are in the plane of the uppermost pipes 5 of the smoke pipe 4 or somewhat above the same.
  • the Partitions 29 are substantially parallel to the longitudinal center plane of the smoke pipe 6 having the pipe-like extension 25. They extend over the upper edge of the flue pipe 4.
  • the axes of all three throttle valves 9 and 30 are parallel to each other and are passed through the chamber door 8.
  • a single servomotor 10 is expediently provided for all throttle valves.
  • the chamber 7 merges into a first rising boiler section 11 and an adjoining falling boiler section 12, with an NH3 injector 13 being arranged in the falling boiler section 12 and at a distance below the actual catalyst 14, followed by the third boiler train 15, which in the chimney 16 opens.
  • the trains 4 and 15 connected upstream and downstream of the catalytic converter 14 are arranged horizontally and essentially parallel to one another.
  • a temperature sensor 17 is provided, which is operatively connected to the servomotor for the throttle valves 9 and 30 via a controller 18, which can be equipped with a temperature display device.
  • the flue gas leaving the flue pipe 4 and entering the chamber 7 has - viewed over the cross section of the chamber 7 - quite different temperatures. Thanks to the proposed device according to the invention, the flue gas located here and flowing through this section is intensively mixed, so that above the perforated plate 27 there is a flue gas which has a uniform temperature over the entire cross section of the flue gas duct. If the steam boiler is driven to a higher load again, the throttles are actuated in the sense of a closing movement in section 12 via the temperature sensor 17, the controller 18 and the servomotor because of the consequent rise in the flue gas temperature.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chimneys And Flues (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)

Abstract

The steam boiler has a number of flues and a de-NOx installation as a catalyser with an NH3 injection device for reduction of the NOx constituents in the flue gas. Seen in the direction of flow of the flue gases, the catalyser lies in front of the last flue in a boiler section which conducts the flue gases downwards. The boiler section upstream of this boiler section is adjustable with regard to its passage cross-section depending upon the flue-gas temperature prevailing in front of the catalyser. This passage cross-section can be increased with falling flue-gas temperature. The boiler section upstream of the catalyser is designed as a smoke pipe flue (4). One of the smoke pipes (6) forming this smoke pipe flue (4) has a diameter which is enlarged in relation to the other smoke pipes (5) of this flue. The passage cross-section of the smoke pipe (6) can be adjusted with a throttle flap (9). The catalyser-side end of the flue (4) which is of adjustable passage cross-section opens into a chamber (7). In the chamber (7), the catalyser-side end of the smoke pipe (6) having the enlarged diameter merges into an upwardly-directed pipe-like extension (25). At a distance from the mouth opening of this pipe-like extension (25), an essentially horizontally lying perforated sheet (27) is provided. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen Dampfkessel mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffes des Patentanspruches 1. Ein Dampfkessel dieser Art ist Gegenstand der europäischen Patentanmeldung 91 103 143.3.The invention relates to a steam boiler with the features of the preamble of claim 1. A steam boiler of this type is the subject of European patent application 91 103 143.3.

Es ist bekannt, bei Dampfkesselanlagen die Rauchgase unter anderem zu entsticken, den Gehalt der Stickoxyde im Rauchgas zu verringern, wozu Katalysatoren eingesetzt werden. Die Wirkungsweise dieses bekannten Verfahrens beruht auf der Reaktion der Stickoxyde mit dem in die Rauchgase eingebrachten NH₃ unter Einwirkung des erwähnten Katalysators. Die Effizienz des Katalysators ist dabei temperaturabhängig, die optimale Reaktionstemperatur liegt dabei bei ca. 350° C. Bekannt ist in diesem Zusammenhang ein Verfahren (AT-PS 379 677), bei welchem die Rauchgase durch zwei in Reihe geschaltete Rauchgasnachbehandlungseinrichtungen geführt werden, wobei die Rauchgastemperatur in der zweiten Rauchgasnachbehandlungseinrichtung höher ist als jene in der ersten. Dabei wird die Wärme der Rauchgase zur Wiederaufheizung der Rauchgase und auch zur Luftvorwärmung verwendet. Solche Anlagen sind zwar durchaus geeignet, das in den Katalysator eintretende Rauchgas auf die hier notwendige Reaktionstemperatur zu erhitzen, doch ist der damit verbundene apparative Aufwand außerordentlich groß und damit teuer, so daß solche Einrichtungen nur für große Anlagen überhaupt in Frage kommen. Bei Dampfkesseln für mittlere Leistung, also für Leistungen etwa zwischen 10 bis 30 MW sind solche Anlagen nicht verwendbar, weil sie zu aufwendig und zu kostspielig sind.It is known, among other things, to denitrify the flue gases in steam boiler systems, to reduce the nitrogen oxides content in the flue gas, for which purpose catalysts are used. The operation of this known method is based on the reaction of nitrogen oxides with the NH₃ introduced into the flue gases under the action of the catalyst mentioned. The efficiency of the catalyst is temperature-dependent, the optimal reaction temperature is about 350 ° C. A method is known in this context (AT-PS 379 677) in which the flue gases are passed through two flue gas aftertreatment devices connected in series, the Flue gas temperature in the second flue gas aftertreatment device is higher than that in the first. The heat of the flue gases is used to reheat the flue gases and also to preheat the air. Such systems are indeed suitable for heating the flue gas entering the catalyst to the reaction temperature required here, but the associated outlay on equipment is extremely large and therefore expensive, so that such facilities are only suitable for large systems. Such systems cannot be used with steam boilers for medium power, i.e. for power between 10 and 30 MW, because they are too complex and too expensive.

Eine andere bekannte Dampfkesselanlage der eingangs erwähnten Art ist in der DE-OS 27 33 408 beschrieben und gezeigt. Bei dieser vorbekannten Konstruktion ist vorgesehen, zum Sekundärvorwärmer eine Nebenschlußleitung anzuordnen, deren Querschnitt temperaturabhängig geregelt wird. Diese Konstruktion wird für nicht zweckmäßig erachtet: die konstruktive Ausführung eines solchen Nebenschlußkanales ist sehr aufwendig und teuer. Vor allem aber fällt auch ein funktioneller Nachteil hier besonders ins Gewicht. Die Nebenschlußleitung ist unmittelbar vor dem Katalysator in den Rauchgaskanal eingeleitet, so daß unmittelbar vor dem Katalysator und über dem Querschnitt des Rauchgaskanales ein starkes Temperaturgefälle herrscht, ist doch davon auszugehen, daß im Sekundärvorwärmer der Rauchgasstrom ein Temperaturgefälle von mehreren hundert Graden erfährt. Der Katalysator wird also über seinen Querschnitt von einem Rauchgasstrom getroffen, der über seinen Querschnitt eine sehr unterschiedliche Temperatur aufweist, wobei nur seitlich noch relativ heißes Rauchgas zuströmt. Um diesen Rauchgasstrom mit über seinen Querschnitt unterschiedlichen Temperaturen vor dem Kondensator durchzumischen, sind hier weder Einrichtungen vorgesehen, noch - unter Berücksichtigung der Strömungsgeschwindigkeit - ist dafür ausreichend Zeit vorhanden.Another known steam boiler system of the type mentioned is described and shown in DE-OS 27 33 408. In this known construction, provision is made to arrange a shunt line to the secondary preheater, the cross section of which is regulated as a function of temperature. This construction is not considered to be expedient: the construction of such a shunt channel is very complex and expensive. Above all, a functional disadvantage is particularly important here. The shunt line is introduced into the flue gas duct immediately upstream of the catalytic converter, so that there is a sharp temperature gradient directly upstream of the catalyst and across the cross section of the flue gas duct prevails, it can be assumed that the flue gas stream experiences a temperature gradient of several hundred degrees in the secondary preheater. The cross section of the catalytic converter is therefore struck by a flue gas stream which has a very different temperature across its cross section, with relatively hot flue gas flowing in laterally. In order to mix this flue gas stream with different temperatures in front of the condenser across its cross section, neither devices are provided here, nor is there sufficient time for this - taking into account the flow velocity.

Die Effizienz der DeNOx-Anlage mit einem Katalysator und einer NH₃-Einspritzeinrichtung ist umso besser, je gleichmäßiger die Temperatur des Rauchgases über dem gesamten Querschnitt des Rauchzuges ist; der Katalysator also über seinen gesamten Querschnitt mit Rauchgas gleicher Temperatur angeströmt wird.The efficiency of the DeNO x system with a catalyst and an NH₃ injector is the better, the more uniform the temperature of the flue gas is over the entire cross section of the flue; Flue gas of the same temperature flows over the entire cross section of the catalyst.

Ausgehend von einem Dampfkessel der eingangs genannten Art wird diese Aufgabe in erfindungsgemäßer Weise durch jene Merkmale gelöst, die Gegenstand und Inhalt des Patentanspruches 1 sind. Dank dieses Vorschlages wird das den Rauchrohrzug verlassende Rauchgas, das über den Querschnitt des Rauchzuges bzw. der dem Rauchrohrzug folgenden Kammer unterschiedliche Temperaturen aufweist, intensiv durchmengt und durchmischt, so daß in der Folge der Katalysator über seinen gesamten Querschnitt von Rauchgas mit im wesentlichen gleicher Temperatur angeströmt wird. Zweckmäßige Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen definiert. All diese Maßnahmen dienen ein und demselben Zweck, nämlich die Durchmischung des Rauchgases zu intensivieren, so daß der Katalysator über seinen gesamten Querschnitt mit Rauchgas gleicher Temperatur angeströmt wird.Starting from a steam boiler of the type mentioned, this object is achieved in the manner according to the invention by those features which are the subject and content of claim 1. Thanks to this proposal, the flue gas leaving the flue pipe, which has different temperatures over the cross section of the flue pipe or the chamber following the flue pipe, is intensively mixed and mixed, so that the catalyst consequently has flue gas at essentially the same temperature over its entire cross section is flowed to. Appropriate embodiments of the invention are defined in the subclaims. All of these measures serve one and the same purpose, namely to intensify the mixing of the flue gas, so that the entire cross-section is flown with flue gas of the same temperature.

Die Zeichnung veranschaulicht die Erfindung. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
die stirnseitige Ansicht eines drei Züge aufweisenden Dampfkessels mittlerer Leistung (15 MW);
Fig. 2
einen horizontalen Schnitt nach der Linie II - II in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3
das katalysatorseitige Ende des Rauchrohrzuges bei geöffneter Kesseltüre in einem gegenüber den Fig. 1 und 2 vergrößerten Maßstab;
Fig. 4
einen Schnitt nach der Linie IV - IV in Fig. 3;
Fig. 5
einen Horizonatalschnitt nach der Linie V - V in Fig. 4.
Der über einen Ölbrenner 1 mit Öl befeuerte Heizkessel besitzt ein Flammrohr 2, das endseitig in einen ersten als Wasserrohrzug ausgebildeten Umlenkzug 3 übergeht. An diesen Umlenkzug 3 schließt ein zweiter als Rauchrohrzug 4 ausgebildeter Zug an, wobei die Rohre 5 dieses Zuges 4 im wesentlichen parallel zur Längsachse des Flammrohres 2 verlaufen. Eines dieser Rauchrohre, nämlich das Rauchrohr 6 besitzt einen Durchmesser, der um ein Mehrfaches, beispielsweise um das 6-fache des Durchmessers der anderen Rauchrohre 5 des Rauchrohrzuges 4 beträgt. Der Rauchrohrzug 4 mündet in eine stirnseitig am Dampfkessel angeordnete Kammer 7, die hier mit einer Kesseltüre 8 verschließbar ist.The drawing illustrates the invention. Show it:
Fig. 1
the front view of a three-pass steam boiler of medium power (15 MW);
Fig. 2
a horizontal section along the line II - II in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3
the catalyst-side end of the flue pipe when the boiler door is open on an enlarged scale compared to FIGS. 1 and 2;
Fig. 4
a section along the line IV - IV in Fig. 3;
Fig. 5
a horizontal section along the line V - V in Fig. 4.
The boiler, which is fired with oil via an oil burner 1, has a flame tube 2, which at the end merges into a first deflection cable 3 designed as a water tube cable. A second train, designed as a smoke pipe train 4, adjoins this deflection train 3, the pipes 5 of this train 4 running essentially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the flame pipe 2. One of these flue pipes, namely the flue pipe 6, has a diameter that is a multiple, for example 6 times the diameter of the other flue pipes 5 of the flue pipe 4. The flue pipe 4 opens into a chamber 7 arranged on the front of the steam boiler, which can be closed here with a boiler door 8.

Das Rauchrohr 6 mit dem vergrößerten Durchmesser liegt dabei im Mittelbereich des Rauchrohrzuges 4. Das kammerseitige Ende des Rauchrohres 6 besitzt einen nach oben gerichteten, pfeifenartigen Ansatz 25 (Fig. 3 und 4), dessen Mündung oberhalb der Drosselklappe 9 Durchbrechungen 26 aufweist. Oberhalb der Mündungsöffnung dieses pfeifenartigen, nach oben gerichteten Ansatzes 25 und mit Abstand von demselben ist ein Lochblech 27 angeordnet, das sich über den gesamten Querschnitt des Rauchrohrzuges 28 erstreckt. Die Mündungsöffnung des pfeifenartigen Ansatzes 25 liegt in bzw. oberhalb der Ebene der obersten Rohre 5 des Rauchrohrzuges 4 (Fig. 3 und 4).The flue pipe 6 with the enlarged diameter lies in the central region of the flue pipe 4. The chamber-side end of the flue pipe 6 has an upward, pipe-like extension 25 (FIGS. 3 and 4), the mouth of which has openings 26 above the throttle valve 9. A perforated plate 27 is arranged above the mouth opening of this pipe-like, upwardly directed extension 25 and at a distance therefrom, which extends over the entire cross section of the flue pipe 28. The mouth opening of the pipe-like extension 25 lies in or above the plane of the uppermost pipes 5 of the smoke pipe duct 4 (FIGS. 3 and 4).

Seitlich dieses pfeifenartigen Ansatzes 25 und mit Abstand von demselben sind Trennbleche 29 angeordnet, die sich über die gesamte Tiefe der Kammern 7 erstrecken und Kammerabschnitte 7' begrenzen, in welchen ebenfalls Drosselklappen 30 schwenkbar gelagert sind. Diese Drosselklappen liegen in der Ebene der obersten Rohre 5 des Rauchrohrzuges 4 bzw. etwas oberhalb derselben. Die Trennbleche 29 stehen zur Längsmittelebene des den pfeifenartigen Ansatz 25 aufweisenden Rauchrohres 6 im wesentlichen parallel. Sie erstrecken sich bis über die Oberkante des Rauchrohrzuges 4. Die Achsen aller drei Drosselklappen 9 und 30 liegen parallel zueinander und sind durch die Kammertüre 8 hindurchgeführt. Zweckmäßigerweise ist für alle Drosselklappen ein einziger Stellmotor 10 vorgesehen.To the side of this pipe-like extension 25 and at a distance from it are separating plates 29 which extend over the entire depth of the chambers 7 and delimit chamber sections 7 'in which throttle valves 30 are likewise pivotably mounted. These throttle valves are in the plane of the uppermost pipes 5 of the smoke pipe 4 or somewhat above the same. The Partitions 29 are substantially parallel to the longitudinal center plane of the smoke pipe 6 having the pipe-like extension 25. They extend over the upper edge of the flue pipe 4. The axes of all three throttle valves 9 and 30 are parallel to each other and are passed through the chamber door 8. A single servomotor 10 is expediently provided for all throttle valves.

Die Kammer 7 geht über in einen ersten ansteigenden Kesselabschnitt 11 und einen daran anschließenden fallenden Kesselabschnitt 12, wobei im fallenden Kesselabschnitt 12 eine NH₃-Einspritzeinrichtung 13 angeordnet ist und mit Abstand darunter der eigentliche Katalysator 14, auf welchen der dritte Kesselzug 15 folgt, der in den Schornstein 16 mündet. Die dem Katalysator 14 vorgeschalteten und nachgeschalteten Züge 4 und 15 sind liegend angeordnet und im wesentlichen parallel zueinander.The chamber 7 merges into a first rising boiler section 11 and an adjoining falling boiler section 12, with an NH₃ injector 13 being arranged in the falling boiler section 12 and at a distance below the actual catalyst 14, followed by the third boiler train 15, which in the chimney 16 opens. The trains 4 and 15 connected upstream and downstream of the catalytic converter 14 are arranged horizontally and essentially parallel to one another.

Im fallenden Kesselabschnitt 12 zwischen der NH₃-Einspritzeinrichtung 13 und dem Katalysator 14 ist ein Temperaturfühler 17 vorgesehen, der über einen Regler 18, der mit einer Temperaturanzeigeeinrichtung ausgestattet sein kann, mit dem Stellmotor für die Drosselklappen 9 und 30 in Wirkverbindung steht.In the falling boiler section 12 between the NH₃ injection device 13 and the catalyst 14, a temperature sensor 17 is provided, which is operatively connected to the servomotor for the throttle valves 9 and 30 via a controller 18, which can be equipped with a temperature display device.

Die Funktion der vorstehend beschriebenen Teile des Dampfkessels ergibt sich unmittelbar aus dem Gesagten. Fährt der Kessel auf voller Last, so erreichen die Rauchgase bei geschlossener Drosselklappe 9 den Katalysator 14 mit ca. 350° C. Fährt der Kessel hingegen im Teillastbereich, so sinkt die Rauchgastemperatur erheblich ab und liegt erheblich unterhalb der Betriebstemperatur für den Katalysator, der dann nicht mehr seine optimale Leistungsfähigkeit besitzt. Dank der Erfindung wird nun über den Temperaturfühler 17 dieser Temperaturrückgang über den Regler 18 in der Weise wirksam, daß der Regler 18 den Stellmotor 10 für die Drosseln 9 und 30 aktiviert, und zwar im Sinne einer Öffnung der Drosselklappe 9. Durch das Öffnen der Drosselklappen wird der Durchlaßquerschnitt des dem Katalysator 14 vorgeschalteten Rauchrohrzuges 4, der ja den Strömungswiderstand dieses Zuges bestimmt, verringert, so daß das heiße Rauchgas rascher und mit geringerer Abkühlung den Katalysator 14 erreicht, so daß dessen Betriebstemperatur im wesentlichen konstant gehalten werden kann. Das den Rauchrohrzug 4 verlassende und in die Kammer 7 gelangende Rauchgas hat - über den Querschnitt der Kammer 7 gesehen - recht unterschiedliche Temperaturen. Dank der vorgesehenen erfindungsgemäßen Einrichtung wird das hier befindliche und diesen Abschnitt durchströmende Rauchgas intensiv durchmischt, so daß oberhalb des Lochbleches 27 ein Rauchgas vorliegt, das über den gesamten Querschnitt des Rauchgaskanales eine einheitliche Temperatur besitzt. Wird der Dampfkessel wieder auf höhere Last gefahren, so wird wegen des dadurch bedingten Anstieges der Rauchgastemperatur im Abschnitt 12 über den Temperaturfühler 17, den Regler 18 und den Stellmotor die Drosseln im Sinne einer Schließbewegung betätigt.The function of the parts of the steam boiler described above results directly from what has been said. If the boiler is running at full load, the flue gases reach the catalytic converter 14 at approx. 350 ° C when the throttle valve 9 is closed. On the other hand, if the boiler runs in the partial load range, the flue gas temperature drops considerably and is significantly below the operating temperature for the catalytic converter, which then no longer has its optimal performance. Thanks to the invention, this temperature drop via the controller 18 is now effective via the temperature sensor 17 in such a way that the controller 18 activates the servomotor 10 for the throttles 9 and 30, namely in the sense of opening the throttle valve 9. By opening the throttle valve will the Passage cross section of the smoke pipe train 4 upstream of the catalytic converter 14, which determines the flow resistance of this train, is reduced, so that the hot flue gas reaches the catalytic converter 14 more quickly and with less cooling, so that its operating temperature can be kept essentially constant. The flue gas leaving the flue pipe 4 and entering the chamber 7 has - viewed over the cross section of the chamber 7 - quite different temperatures. Thanks to the proposed device according to the invention, the flue gas located here and flowing through this section is intensively mixed, so that above the perforated plate 27 there is a flue gas which has a uniform temperature over the entire cross section of the flue gas duct. If the steam boiler is driven to a higher load again, the throttles are actuated in the sense of a closing movement in section 12 via the temperature sensor 17, the controller 18 and the servomotor because of the consequent rise in the flue gas temperature.

Legende zu den HinweisziffernLegend for the reference numbers

11
ÖlbrennerOil burner
22nd
FlammrohrFlame tube
33rd
UmlenkzugDeflection cable
44th
RauchrohrzugFlue pipe
55
RauchrohrSmoke pipe
66
RauchrohrSmoke pipe
77
Kammerchamber
88th
KesseltüreBoiler door
99
Drosselklappethrottle
1010th
StellmotorServomotor
1111
ansteigender Kesselabschnittrising boiler section
1212
fallender Kesselabschnittfalling boiler section
1313
NH₃-EinspritzeinrichtungNH₃ injector
1414
Katalysatorcatalyst
1515
dritter Kesselzugthird train
1616
Schornsteinchimney
1717th
TemperaturfühlerTemperature sensor
1818th
ReglerRegulator
2525th
pfeifenartiger Ansatzpipe-like approach
2626
DurchbrechungenBreakthroughs
2727th
LochblechPerforated sheet
2828
RauchzugSmoke train
2929
TrennblechDivider
3030th
Drosselklappethrottle

Claims (9)

Dampfkessel mit mehreren, insbesondere drei Zügen (3, 4, 15) für mittlere Leistungen und mit einer DeNOx-Anlage in Form eines Katalysators (14) und einer NH₃-Einspritzeinrichtung (13) zur Reduzierung der NOx-Anteile (Entstickung) im Rauchgas, wobei der Katalysator (14) in Strömungsrichtung der Rauchgase gesehen vor dem dritten Zug (15) des Dampfkessels in einem die Rauchgase abwärts führenden Kesselabschnitt (12) angeordnet ist und der diesem Kesselabschnitt (12) vorgeschaltete Kesselabschnitt in Abhängigkeit der vor dem Katalysator (14) herrschenden Rauchgastemperatur hinsichtlich seines Durchlaßquerschnittes regelbar ist, und zur Steuerung des Durchlaßquerschnittes ein Temperaturfühler (17) vorgesehen ist, der vorzugsweise zwischen der NH₃-Einspritzeinrichtung (13) und dem Katalysator (14) liegt, wobei dieser Durchlaßquerschnitt mit sinkender Rauchgastemperatur vergrößerbar ist und der dem Katalysator (14) vorgeschaltete Kesselabschnitt als Rauchrohrzug (4) ausgebildet ist und mindestens einer der diesen Rauchrohrzug bildenden Rauchrohre (6) einen gegenüber den anderen Rauchrohren (5) dieses Zuges vergrößerten Durchmesser aufweist, und der Durchlaßquerschnitt dieses Rauchrohres (6) mittels einer Drosselklappe (9) regelbar ist und das katalysatorseitige Ende des im Durchlaßquerschnitt regelbaren Zuges (4) in eine vorzugsweise mittels einer Tür oder Klappe (8) verschließbare Kammer (7) mündet, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das katalysatorseitige Ende des den vergrößerten Durchmesser aufweisenden Rauchrohres (6) in der Kammer (7) in einen nach oben gerichteten, pfeifenartigen Ansatz (25) übergeht und im Abstand von der Mündungsöffnung dieses pfeifenartigen Ansatzes (25) ein im wesentlichen horizontal liegendes Lochblech (27) vorgesehen ist.Steam boiler with several, especially three trains (3, 4, 15) for medium outputs and with a DeNO x system in the form of a catalyst (14) and an NH₃ injection device (13) to reduce the NO x content (denitrification) in Flue gas, the catalyst (14), viewed in the flow direction of the flue gases, being arranged before the third draft (15) of the steam boiler in a boiler section (12) leading down the flue gases and the boiler section upstream of this boiler section (12) depending on the upstream of the catalyst ( 14) prevailing flue gas temperature with regard to its passage cross-section is adjustable, and for controlling the passage cross-section a temperature sensor (17) is provided, which is preferably between the NH 3 injection device (13) and the catalyst (14), this passage cross-section being able to be increased with decreasing flue gas temperature and the boiler section upstream of the catalyst (14) is designed as a flue pipe (4) is formed and at least one of the flue pipes (6) forming this flue pipe has an enlarged diameter compared to the other flue pipes (5) of this train, and the passage cross section of this flue pipe (6) can be regulated by means of a throttle valve (9) and the end of the catalytic converter in the passage cross section controllable train (4) opens into a chamber (7) which can preferably be closed by means of a door or flap (8), characterized in that the catalyst-side end of the smoke pipe (6) having the enlarged diameter in the chamber (7) is directed into an upward direction , pipe-like approach (25) merges and at a distance from the mouth of this pipe-like approach (25) perforated plate (27) lying essentially horizontally is provided. Dampfkessel nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich das Lochblech (27) über den gesamten Querschnitt des Rauchzuges erstreckt.Steam boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the perforated plate (27) extends over the entire cross section of the flue. Dampfkessel nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in der Wandung des pfeifnartigen Ansatzes (25) Durchbrechungen (26) vorgesehen sind.Steam boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that openings (26) are provided in the wall of the pipe-like extension (25). Dampfkessel nach Anspruch 1 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zu beiden Seiten des pfeifenartigen Ansatzes (25) und mit Abstand von demselben vertikal stehende, sich über die Tiefe des Rauchzuges bzw. der Kammer (7) erstreckende Trennbleche (29) vorgesehen sind, die zur Längsmittelebene des dem pfeifenartigen Ansatz (25) aufweisenden Rauchrohres (6) im wesentlichen parallel stehen.Steam boiler according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that on both sides of the pipe-like extension (25) and at a distance therefrom there are vertical separating plates (29) which extend over the depth of the chimney or the chamber (7) are essentially parallel to the longitudinal center plane of the smoke pipe (6) having the pipe-like extension (25). Dampfkessel nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich die Trennbleche (27) bis über die Oberkante des Rauchrohrzuges (4) erstrecken.Steam boiler according to claim 4, characterized in that the separating plates (27) extend over the upper edge of the flue pipe (4). Dampfkessel nach Anspruch 4 oder 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in den durch die Trennbleche (27) gebildeten Kammerabschnitten (7') deren Querschnitte beeinflussende Drosselklappen (30) vorgesehen sind.Steam boiler according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that in the chamber sections (7 ') formed by the separating plates (27) there are provided throttle valves (30) influencing their cross sections. Dampfkessel nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Achsen aller Drosselklappen (9, 30) parallel zueinander liegen.Steam boiler according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the axes of all throttle valves (9, 30) are parallel to one another. Dampfkessel nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß alle Drosselklappen (9, 30) einen gemeinsamen Antrieb aufweisen.Steam boiler according to claim 7, characterized in that all throttle valves (9, 30) have a common drive. Dampfkessel nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das den vergrößerten Durchmesser aufweisende Rauchrohr (6) im Mittelbereich des Rauchrohrzuges (4) liegt.Steam boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the smoke pipe (6) having the enlarged diameter lies in the central region of the smoke pipe train (4).
EP19910118215 1990-10-31 1991-10-25 Steam boiler Expired - Lifetime EP0483678B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT219790A AT395470B (en) 1989-10-19 1990-10-31 Steam boiler
AT2197/90 1990-10-31

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EP0483678A2 true EP0483678A2 (en) 1992-05-06
EP0483678A3 EP0483678A3 (en) 1992-11-19
EP0483678B1 EP0483678B1 (en) 1994-12-21

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2733408A1 (en) * 1976-07-27 1978-02-02 Hitachi Shipbuilding Eng Co BOILER DEVICE
JPS5995315A (en) * 1982-11-22 1984-06-01 Haruo Matsumura Nox removing boiler
DE3412499A1 (en) * 1984-04-03 1985-10-10 Balduin Dr. 8035 Gauting Pauli Smoke-tube formation, in particular for a fire-tube/smoke-tube boiler, and a process for separating nitrogen oxides out of its smoke gases
EP0190463A2 (en) * 1985-01-28 1986-08-13 Saacke GmbH &amp; Co. KG Method and apparatus for reducing the emission of noxious products from combustion installations
EP0199283A2 (en) * 1985-04-26 1986-10-29 Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Steam boiler with rear flue

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2733408A1 (en) * 1976-07-27 1978-02-02 Hitachi Shipbuilding Eng Co BOILER DEVICE
JPS5995315A (en) * 1982-11-22 1984-06-01 Haruo Matsumura Nox removing boiler
DE3412499A1 (en) * 1984-04-03 1985-10-10 Balduin Dr. 8035 Gauting Pauli Smoke-tube formation, in particular for a fire-tube/smoke-tube boiler, and a process for separating nitrogen oxides out of its smoke gases
EP0190463A2 (en) * 1985-01-28 1986-08-13 Saacke GmbH &amp; Co. KG Method and apparatus for reducing the emission of noxious products from combustion installations
EP0199283A2 (en) * 1985-04-26 1986-10-29 Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Steam boiler with rear flue

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 8, no. 207 (M-327)(1644) 21. September 1984 & JP-A-59 095 315 ( HARUO MATSMURA ) 1. Juni 1984 *

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EP0483678A3 (en) 1992-11-19
DE59103983D1 (en) 1995-02-02
EP0483678B1 (en) 1994-12-21

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