EP0502220B1 - Water tube boiler - Google Patents

Water tube boiler Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0502220B1
EP0502220B1 EP19910103143 EP91103143A EP0502220B1 EP 0502220 B1 EP0502220 B1 EP 0502220B1 EP 19910103143 EP19910103143 EP 19910103143 EP 91103143 A EP91103143 A EP 91103143A EP 0502220 B1 EP0502220 B1 EP 0502220B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
flue
smoke
catalyst
section
cross
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19910103143
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0502220A1 (en
Inventor
Konrad Dipl.-Ing. Schmidt
Otmar Dipl.-Ing. Bertsch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Josef Bertsch & Co GmbH
Original Assignee
Josef Bertsch & Co GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Josef Bertsch & Co GmbH filed Critical Josef Bertsch & Co GmbH
Priority to DE59101872T priority Critical patent/DE59101872D1/en
Priority to EP19910103143 priority patent/EP0502220B1/en
Publication of EP0502220A1 publication Critical patent/EP0502220A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0502220B1 publication Critical patent/EP0502220B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22STEAM GENERATION
    • F22BMETHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/008Adaptations for flue gas purification in steam generators
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23JREMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a steam boiler with several trains (3, 4, 15) for medium outputs and with a DeNO x system in the form of a catalyst and an NH 3 injection device for reducing the NO x components (denitrification) in the flue gas
  • the catalyst viewed in the direction of flow of the flue gases, is arranged in a boiler section leading down the flue gases before the last draft of the steam boiler and the boiler section upstream of this boiler section can be regulated in terms of its passage cross section depending on the flue gas temperature prevailing in front of the catalyst, and a temperature sensor for controlling the passage cross section is provided, which is preferably between the NH3-injection device and the catalyst, this passage cross section can be increased with decreasing flue gas temperature.
  • the cross section of the catalytic converter is therefore struck by a flue gas stream which has a very different temperature across its cross section, with relatively hot flue gas only flowing in laterally.
  • a flue gas stream which has a very different temperature across its cross section, with relatively hot flue gas only flowing in laterally.
  • the invention is based on this state of the art and it aims to simplify the plant or device in terms of its structural complexity and to improve it in terms of its efficiency and, above all, to ensure that the catalyst crosses its entire cross-section Flue gas is flowed at a uniform temperature, which is achieved by the measures of the characterizing part of claim 1.
  • the throttle valve is arranged on the catalyst-side end of the flue pipe.
  • the throttle valve and the adjusting mechanism belonging to it lie in an area in which the hot flue gas has already cooled relatively far, which is particularly important for the selection of the materials of these components and their possible cooling.
  • the train upstream of the catalytic converter is designed as a flue pipe train with flue pipes of essentially the same diameter and several of these flue pipes have temperature-controlled closure members that narrow the passage cross section, for example throttle valves.
  • both the upstream and the downstream trains are arranged horizontally, the main flow direction of the flue gases in these trains runs essentially horizontally.
  • the catalyst-side end of the train which can be regulated in the passage cross-section opens into a chamber which can be closed by means of a door or flap, the chamber preferably being on the front side Boiler is provided.
  • FIG. 1 shows the end view of a steam boiler of medium power (15 MW) having three trains;
  • Figure 2 is a horizontal section along the line II - II in Fig. 1.
  • 3 shows the catalyst-side end of the flue pipe with the boiler door open on an enlarged scale compared to FIGS. 1 and 2;
  • Figure 4 is a section along the line IV - IV in Fig. 3.
  • Fig. 5 is an end view of a boiler with two flame tubes.
  • the boiler which is fired with oil via an oil burner 1, has a flame tube 2, which at the end merges into a first deflection cable 3 designed as a water tube cable.
  • a second train designed as a smoke pipe train 4, adjoins this deflection train 3, the pipes 5 of this train 4 running essentially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the flame pipe 2.
  • One of these flue pipes, namely the flue pipe 6, has a diameter which is a multiple, for example 6 times the diameter of the other flue pipes 5 of the flue pipe 4.
  • This flue pipe 4 opens into a chamber 7 arranged at the end of the steam boiler, which can be closed here with a boiler door 8.
  • a throttle valve 9 is rotatably mounted, which can be actuated via a servomotor 10 on the outside of the boiler.
  • the chamber 7 merges into a first rising boiler section 11 and an adjoining one falling boiler section 12, wherein in the falling boiler section 12 an NH3 injector is arranged and at a distance below the actual catalyst 14, followed by the third boiler train 15, which opens into the chimney 16.
  • the trains 4 and 15 connected upstream and downstream of the catalytic converter 14 are arranged horizontally and essentially parallel to one another.
  • a temperature sensor 17 is provided, which is in operative connection with the servomotor 10 of the throttle valve 9 via a controller 18, which can be equipped with a temperature display device.
  • the throttle valve 9 By opening the throttle valve 9, the passage cross section of the Catalyst 14 upstream smoke tube train 4, which determines the flow resistance of this train, reduced so that the hot flue gas reaches the catalyst 14 more quickly and with less cooling, so that its operating temperature can be kept substantially constant. If the steam boiler is driven to a higher load again, the throttle is actuated in the sense of a closing movement in section 12 via the temperature sensor 17, the controller 18 and the servomotor 10 because of the resulting rise in the flue gas temperature.
  • the second flue pipe 4 upstream of the catalytic converter is equipped with a flue pipe with an enlarged diameter. It is within the scope of the invention to possibly provide several flue pipes with an enlarged diameter and to assign each of these flue pipes a temperature-controlled throttle valve, in which case these flue pipes fitted with these throttle valves can be switched on or off in stages.
  • a throttle valve 9 has been shown and described above as the control element, it is basically possible to use other control elements that change the passage cross section, for example in the form of iris diaphragms.
  • a further possibility for realizing the idea according to the invention is to provide several flue pipes with different diameters in the flue pipe 4 and to equip these flue pipes with closure elements to be operated depending on the temperature.
  • the dash-dotted line 19 means the heat insulation envelope surrounding the steam boiler.
  • Fig. 5 now illustrates the front view of a boiler with two flame tubes and two separate flue gas flues, each flue gas flue being designed in the manner as described and explained above in connection with FIGS. 1 to 4, for which reason the same parts here have been given the same reference numbers.
  • Each of the two catalysts 14 is assigned its own flue gas temperature control.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
  • Chimneys And Flues (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen Dampfkessel mit mehreren, Zügen (3, 4, 15) für mittlere Leistungen und mit einer DeNOx-Anlage in Form eines Katalysators und einer NH₃-Einspritzeinrichtung zur Reduzierung der NOx-Anteile (Entstickung) im Rauchgas, wobei der Katalysator in Strömungsrichtung der Rauchgase gesehen vor dem letzten Zug des Dampfkessels in einem die Rauchgase abwärts führenden Kesselabschnitt angeordnet ist und der diesem Kesselabschnitt vorgeschaltete Kesselabschnitt in Abhängigkeit der vor dem Katalysator herrschenden Rauchgastemperatur hinsichtlich seines Durchlaßquerschnittes regelbar ist, und zur Steuerung des Durchlaßquerschnittes ein Temperaturfühler vorgesehen ist, der vorzugsweise zwischen der NH₃-Einspritzeinrichtung und dem Katalysator liegt, wobei dieser Durchlaßquerschnitt mit sinkender Rauchgastemperatur vergrößerbar ist.The invention relates to a steam boiler with several trains (3, 4, 15) for medium outputs and with a DeNO x system in the form of a catalyst and an NH 3 injection device for reducing the NO x components (denitrification) in the flue gas, the catalyst, viewed in the direction of flow of the flue gases, is arranged in a boiler section leading down the flue gases before the last draft of the steam boiler and the boiler section upstream of this boiler section can be regulated in terms of its passage cross section depending on the flue gas temperature prevailing in front of the catalyst, and a temperature sensor for controlling the passage cross section is provided, which is preferably between the NH₃-injection device and the catalyst, this passage cross section can be increased with decreasing flue gas temperature.

Es ist bekannt, bei Dampfkesselanlagen die Rauchgase unter anderem zu entsticken, den Gehalt der Stickoxyde im Rauchgas zu verringern, wozu Katalysatoren eingesetzt werden. Die Wirkungsweise dieses bekannten Verfahrens beruht auf der Reaktion der Stickoxyde mit dem in die Rauchgase eingebrachten NH₃ unter Einwirkung des erwähnten Katalysators. Die Effizienz des Katalysators ist dabei temperaturabhängig, die optimale Reaktionstemperatur liegt dabei bei ca. 350° C. Bekannt ist in diesem Zusammenhang ein Verfahren (AT-A- 379 677), bei welchem die Rauchgase durch zwei in Reihe geschaltete Rauchgasnachbehandlungseinrichtungen geführt werden, wobei die Rauchgastemperatur in der zweiten Rauchgasnachbehandlungseinrichtung höher ist als jene in der ersten. Dabei wird die Wärme der Rauchgase zur Wiederaufheizung der Rauchgase und auch zur Luftvorwärmung verwendet. Solche Anlagen sind zwar durchaus geeignet, das in den Katalysator eintretende Rauchgas auf die hier notwendige Reaktionstemperatur zu erhitzen, doch ist der damit verbundene apparative Aufwand außerordentlich groß und damit teuer, so daß solche Einrichtungen nur für große Anlagen überhaupt in Frage kommen. Bei Dampfkesseln für mittlere Leistung, also für Leistungen etwa zwischen 10 bis 30 MW sind solche Anlagen nicht verwendbar, weil sie zu aufwendig und zu kostspielig sind.It is known, among other things, to denitrify the flue gases in steam boiler systems, to reduce the nitrogen oxide content in the flue gas, for which purpose catalysts are used. The operation of this known method is based on the reaction of nitrogen oxides with the NH₃ introduced into the flue gases under the action of the catalyst mentioned. The efficiency of the catalyst is temperature-dependent, the optimal reaction temperature is about 350 ° C. In this context, a method is known (AT-A-379 677) in which the flue gases are passed through two flue gas aftertreatment devices connected in series, whereby the flue gas temperature in the second flue gas aftertreatment device is higher than that in the first. The heat of the flue gases is used to reheat the flue gases and also to preheat the air. Such systems are indeed suitable for heating the flue gas entering the catalyst to the reaction temperature required here, but the associated outlay on equipment is extraordinarily large and therefore expensive, so that such devices are only suitable for large systems at all. For steam boilers for medium power, i.e. for Outputs of between 10 to 30 MW cannot be used in such systems because they are too complex and too expensive.

Eine andere bekannte Dampfkesselanlage der eingangs erwähnten Art ist in der DE-A- 27 33 408 beschrieben und gezeigt. Bei dieser vorbekannten Konstruktion ist vorgesehen, zum Sekundärvorwärmer eine Nebenschlußleitung anzuordnen, deren Querschnitt temperaturabhängig geregelt wird. Diese Konstruktion wird für nicht zweckmäßig erachtet: die konstruktive Ausführung eines solchen Nebenschlußkanales ist sehr aufwendig und teuer. Vor allem aber fällt auch ein funktioneller Nachteil hier besonders ins Gewicht. Die Nebenschlußleitung ist unmittelbar vor dem Katalysator in den Rauchgaskanal eingeleitet, so daß unmittelbar vor dem Katalysator und über dem Querschnitt des Rauchgaskanales ein starkes Temperaturgefälle herrscht, ist doch davon auszugehen, daß im Sekundärvorwärmer der Rauchgasstrom ein Temperaturgefälle von mehreren hundert Graden erfährt. Der Katalysator wird also über seinen Querschnitt von einem Rauchgasstrom getroffen, der über seinen Querschnitt eine sehr unterschiedliche Temperatur aufweist, wobei nur seitlich noch relativ heißes Rauchgas zuströmt. Um diesen Rauchgasstrom mit über seinen Querschnitt unterschiedlichen Temperaturen vor dem Kondensator durchzumischen, sind hier weder Einrichtungen vorgesehen, noch - unter Berücksichtigung der Strömungsgeschwindigkeit - ist dafür ausreichend Zeit vorhanden.Another known steam boiler system of the type mentioned is described and shown in DE-A-27 33 408. In this known construction it is provided to arrange a shunt line to the secondary preheater, the cross-section of which is regulated depending on the temperature. This construction is not considered to be expedient: the construction of such a shunt channel is very complex and expensive. Above all, a functional disadvantage is particularly important here. The shunt line is introduced directly upstream of the catalytic converter into the flue gas duct, so that there is a sharp temperature gradient immediately upstream of the catalytic converter and across the cross section of the flue gas duct, but it can be assumed that the flue gas flow in the secondary preheater experiences a temperature gradient of several hundred degrees. The cross section of the catalytic converter is therefore struck by a flue gas stream which has a very different temperature across its cross section, with relatively hot flue gas only flowing in laterally. In order to mix this flue gas stream with different temperatures in front of the condenser across its cross section, neither devices are provided here, nor is there sufficient time for this - taking into account the flow velocity.

Von diesem Stand der Technik geht die Erfindung aus und sie zielt darauf ab, die Anlage bzw. Einrichtung von ihrem konstruktiven Aufwand her zu vereinfachen und sie hinsichtlich ihrer Effizienz zu verbessern und vor allem dafür Sorge zu tragen, daß der Katalysator über seinen gesamten Querschnitt mit Rauchgas mit einheitlicher Temperatur angeströmt wird, was durch die Maßnahmen des kennzeichenden Teils des Anspruchs 1 erreicht wird.The invention is based on this state of the art and it aims to simplify the plant or device in terms of its structural complexity and to improve it in terms of its efficiency and, above all, to ensure that the catalyst crosses its entire cross-section Flue gas is flowed at a uniform temperature, which is achieved by the measures of the characterizing part of claim 1.

Dank dieses erfindungsgemäßen Vorschlages ist es möglich, den Katalysator nicht nur in den Dampfkessel als solchen konstruktiv zu integrieren, sondern ihn auch unabhängig von der jeweils gerade gefahrenen Last auf seiner optimalen Betriebstemperatur zu halten, wobei die Konstruktion als Ganzes erheblich vereinfacht ist, und dennoch erreicht werden kann, daß der Katalysator über seinen gesamten Querschnitt mit Rauchgas von im wesentlichen einheitlicher Temperatur angeströmt wird.Thanks to this proposal according to the invention, it is possible not only to constructively integrate the catalytic converter as such into the steam boiler, but also to keep it at its optimum operating temperature regardless of the load being driven, the construction as a whole being considerably simplified and still being achieved can be that the catalyst is flowed over its entire cross-section with flue gas of substantially uniform temperature.

Nach einem weiteren Merkmal der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, daß die Drosselklappe an dem katalysatorseitigen Ende des Rauchrohres angeordnet ist. Dadurch liegt die Drosselklappe und der ihr zugehörende Stellmechanismus in einem Bereich, in dem das heiße Rauchgas schon relativ weit abgekühlt ist, was vor allem für die Auswahl der Materialien dieser Bauteile und deren eventuellen Kühlung wichtig ist.According to a further feature of the invention, it is provided that the throttle valve is arranged on the catalyst-side end of the flue pipe. As a result, the throttle valve and the adjusting mechanism belonging to it lie in an area in which the hot flue gas has already cooled relatively far, which is particularly important for the selection of the materials of these components and their possible cooling.

Damit sichergestellt wird, daß das den Katalysator anströmende Rauchgas über seinen gesamten Querschnitt eine möglichst einheitliche Temperatur aufweist, ist der dem Katalysator vorgeschaltete Zug als Rauchrohrzug mit Rauchrohren vom im wesentlichen gleichem Durchmesser ausgebildet und mehrere dieser Rauchrohre weisen durchlaßquerschnittsverengende, temperaturgesteuerte Verschlußglieder, beispielsweise Drosselklappen auf.In order to ensure that the flue gas flowing into the catalytic converter has a temperature that is as uniform as possible over its entire cross section, the train upstream of the catalytic converter is designed as a flue pipe train with flue pipes of essentially the same diameter and several of these flue pipes have temperature-controlled closure members that narrow the passage cross section, for example throttle valves.

Um die Konstruktion platz- und raumsparend zu gestalten ist vorgesehen, daß sowohl der dem Katalysator vorgeschaltete wie auch der diesem nachgeschaltete Zug liegend angeordnet sind, die Hauptströmungsrichtung der Rauchgase in diesen Zügen im wesentichen horizontal verläuft.In order to make the construction space-saving and space-saving, it is provided that both the upstream and the downstream trains are arranged horizontally, the main flow direction of the flue gases in these trains runs essentially horizontally.

Ebenso dient diesem Ziel die Maßnahme, wonach die beiden Züge im wesentlichen parallel zueinander liegen und die Hauptströmungsrichtungen der Rauchgase in diesen Zügen in einander entgegengesetzten Richtungen verlaufen.The measure according to which the two trains lie essentially parallel to one another and the main flow directions also serve this purpose the flue gases in these trains run in opposite directions.

Um die wesentlichen und wichtigen Einrichtungsteile warten zu können und um die damit verbundenen Servicearbeiten ohne besonderen Aufwand durchführen zu können ist vorgesehen, daß das katalysatorseitige Ende des im Durchlaßquerschnitt regelbaren Zuges in eine mittels einer Tür oder Klappe verschließbare Kammer mündet, wobei vorzugsweise die Kammer stirnseitig am Kessel vorgesehen ist.In order to be able to maintain the essential and important parts of the equipment and to be able to carry out the associated service work without any special effort, it is provided that the catalyst-side end of the train which can be regulated in the passage cross-section opens into a chamber which can be closed by means of a door or flap, the chamber preferably being on the front side Boiler is provided.

Die Zeichnung veranschaulicht ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung. Es zeigen: Fig. 1 die stirnseitige Ansicht eines drei Züge aufweisenden Dampfkessels mittlerer Leistung (15 MW); Fig. 2 einen horizontalen Schnitt nach der Linie II - II in Fig. 1; Fig. 3 das katalysatorseitige Ende des Rauchrohrzuges bei geöffneter Kesseltüre in einem gegenüber den Fig. 1 und 2 vergrößerten Maßstab; Fig. 4 einen Schnitt nach der Linie IV - IV in Fig. 3; Fig. 5 die Stirnansicht eines Kessels mit zwei Flammrohren.The drawing illustrates an embodiment of the invention. 1 shows the end view of a steam boiler of medium power (15 MW) having three trains; Figure 2 is a horizontal section along the line II - II in Fig. 1. 3 shows the catalyst-side end of the flue pipe with the boiler door open on an enlarged scale compared to FIGS. 1 and 2; Figure 4 is a section along the line IV - IV in Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is an end view of a boiler with two flame tubes.

Der über einen Ölbrenner 1 mit Öl befeuerte Heizkessel besitzt ein Flammrohr 2, das endseitig in einen ersten als Wasserrohrzug ausgebildeten Umlenkzug 3 übergeht. An diesen Umlenkzug 3 schließt ein zweiter als Rauchrohrzug 4 ausgebildeter Zug an, wobei die Rohre 5 dieses Zuges 4 im wesentlichen parallel zur Längsachse des Flammrohres 2 verlaufen. Eines dieser Rauchrohre, nämlich das Rauchrohr 6 besitzt einen Durchmesser, der um ein Mehrfaches, beispielsweise um das 6-fache des Durchmessers der anderen Rauchrohre 5 des Rauchrohrzuges 4 beträgt. Dieser Rauchrohrzug 4 mündet in eine stirnseitig am Dampfkessel angeordnete Kammer 7, die hier mit einer Kesseltüre 8 verschließbar ist. Am kammerseitigen Ende des Rauchrohres 6 mit dem vergrößerten Durchmesser ist eine Drosselklappe 9 drehbar gelagert, die über einen kesselaußenseitigen Stellmotor 10 betätigbar ist. Die Kammer 7 geht über in einen ersten ansteigenden Kesselabschnitt 11 und einen daran anschließenden fallenden Kesselabschnitt 12, wobei im fallenden Kesselabschnitt 12 eine NH₃-Einspritzeinrichtung angeordnet ist und mit Abstand darunter der eigentliche Katalysator 14, auf welchen der dritte Kesselzug 15 folgt, der in den Schornstein 16 mündet. Die dem Katalysator 14 vorgeschalteten und nachgeschalteten Züge 4 und 15 sind liegend angeordnet und im wesentlichen parallel zueinander.The boiler, which is fired with oil via an oil burner 1, has a flame tube 2, which at the end merges into a first deflection cable 3 designed as a water tube cable. A second train, designed as a smoke pipe train 4, adjoins this deflection train 3, the pipes 5 of this train 4 running essentially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the flame pipe 2. One of these flue pipes, namely the flue pipe 6, has a diameter which is a multiple, for example 6 times the diameter of the other flue pipes 5 of the flue pipe 4. This flue pipe 4 opens into a chamber 7 arranged at the end of the steam boiler, which can be closed here with a boiler door 8. At the chamber-side end of the smoke tube 6 with the enlarged diameter, a throttle valve 9 is rotatably mounted, which can be actuated via a servomotor 10 on the outside of the boiler. The chamber 7 merges into a first rising boiler section 11 and an adjoining one falling boiler section 12, wherein in the falling boiler section 12 an NH₃ injector is arranged and at a distance below the actual catalyst 14, followed by the third boiler train 15, which opens into the chimney 16. The trains 4 and 15 connected upstream and downstream of the catalytic converter 14 are arranged horizontally and essentially parallel to one another.

Im fallenden Kesselabschnitt 12 zwischen der NH₃-Einspritzeinrichtung 13 und dem Katalysator 14 ist ein Temperaturfühler 17 vorgesehen, der über einen Regler 18, der mit einer Temperaturanzeigeeinrichtung ausgestattet sein kann, mit dem Stellmotor 10 der Drosselklappe 9 in Wirkverbindung steht.In the falling boiler section 12 between the NH₃ injection device 13 and the catalyst 14, a temperature sensor 17 is provided, which is in operative connection with the servomotor 10 of the throttle valve 9 via a controller 18, which can be equipped with a temperature display device.

Die Funktion der vorstehend beschriebenen Teile des Dampfkessels ergibt sich unmittelbar aus dem Gesagten. Fährt der Kessel auf voller Last, so erreichen die Rauchgase bei geschlossener Drosselklappe 9 den Katalysator 14 mit ca. 350° C. Fährt der Kessel hingegen im Teillastbereich, so sinkt die Rauchgastemperatur erheblich ab und liegt erheblich unterhalb der Betriebstemperatur für den Katalysator, der dann nicht mehr seine optimale Leistungsfähigkeit besitzt. Dank der Erfindung wird nun über den Temperaturfühler 17 dieser Temperaturrückgang über den Regler 18 in der Weise wirksam, daß der Regler 18 den Stellmotor 10 aktiviert, und zwar im Sinne einer Öffnung der Drosselklappe 9. Durch das Öffnen der Drosselklappe 9 wird der Durchlaßquerschnitt des dem Katalysator 14 vorgeschalteten Rauchrohrzuges 4, der ja den Strömungswiderstand dieses Zuges bestimmt, verringert, so daß das heiße Rauchgas rascher und mit geringerer Abkühlung den Katalysator 14 erreicht, so daß dessen Betriebstemperatur im wesentlichen konstant gehalten werden kann. Wird der Dampfkessel wieder auf höhere Last gefahren, so wird wegen des dadurch bedingten Anstieges der Rauchgastemperatur im Abschnitt 12 über den Temperaturfühler 17, den Regler 18 und den Stellmotor 10 die Drossel im Sinne einer Schließbewegung betätigt.The function of the parts of the steam boiler described above results directly from what has been said. If the boiler runs at full load, the flue gases reach the catalytic converter 14 at approx. 350 ° C when the throttle valve 9 is closed. On the other hand, if the boiler runs in the partial load range, the flue gas temperature drops considerably and is significantly below the operating temperature for the catalytic converter, which no longer has its optimal performance. Thanks to the invention, this temperature drop via the controller 18 is now effective via the temperature sensor 17 in such a way that the controller 18 activates the servomotor 10, namely in the sense of an opening of the throttle valve 9. By opening the throttle valve 9, the passage cross section of the Catalyst 14 upstream smoke tube train 4, which determines the flow resistance of this train, reduced so that the hot flue gas reaches the catalyst 14 more quickly and with less cooling, so that its operating temperature can be kept substantially constant. If the steam boiler is driven to a higher load again, the throttle is actuated in the sense of a closing movement in section 12 via the temperature sensor 17, the controller 18 and the servomotor 10 because of the resulting rise in the flue gas temperature.

Beim vorstehend beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiel ist der zweite, dem Katalysator vorgeschaltete Rauchrohrzug 4 mit einem Rauchrohr mit vergrößertem Durchmesser ausgestattet. Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, in diesem Zug eventuell mehrere Rauchrohre mit vergrößertem Durchmesser vorzusehen und dabei jedem dieser Rauchrohre eine temperaturgesteuerte Drosselklappe zuzuordnen, wobei dann diese mit diesen Drosselklappen bestückten Rauchrohre stufenweise zu- bzw. abgeschaltet werden können.In the exemplary embodiment described above, the second flue pipe 4 upstream of the catalytic converter is equipped with a flue pipe with an enlarged diameter. It is within the scope of the invention to possibly provide several flue pipes with an enlarged diameter and to assign each of these flue pipes a temperature-controlled throttle valve, in which case these flue pipes fitted with these throttle valves can be switched on or off in stages.

Dank des erfindungsgemäßen Vorschlages ist es möglich, den Katalysator 14 unmittelbar in den Dampfkessel konstruktiv zu integrieren, und darüberhinaus diesen auf seiner optimalen Betriebstemperatur zu betreiben, ohne daß zusätzliche und kostenaufwendige Heizeinrichtungen und Wärmetauscher zur Beeinflussung der Rauchgastemperatur eingesetzt werden müssen.Thanks to the proposal according to the invention, it is possible to constructively integrate the catalytic converter 14 directly into the steam boiler, and in addition to operate it at its optimum operating temperature, without the need to use additional and costly heating devices and heat exchangers to influence the flue gas temperature.

Wurde vorstehend als Regelorgan eine Drosselklappe 9 gezeigt und beschrieben, so ist es im Grunde möglich, auch andere den Durchlaßquerschnitt verändernde Regelorgane einzusetzen, beispielsweise in Form von Irisblenden.If a throttle valve 9 has been shown and described above as the control element, it is basically possible to use other control elements that change the passage cross section, for example in the form of iris diaphragms.

Eine weitere Möglichkeit zur Verwirklichung des erfindungsgemäßen Gedankens liegt darin, im Rauchrohrzug 4 mehrere Rauchrohre mit jeweils unterschiedlichen Durchmessern vorzusehen und diese Rauchrohre mit temperaturabhängig zu betätigenden Verschlußorganen zu bestücken.A further possibility for realizing the idea according to the invention is to provide several flue pipes with different diameters in the flue pipe 4 and to equip these flue pipes with closure elements to be operated depending on the temperature.

Schlußendlich wäre noch eine Lösungsmöglichkeit zu bedenken, bei welcher die Rauchrohre 5 des Rauchrohrzuges 4 zwar alle denselben Durchmesser besitzen, aber eine größere Zahl dieser Rohre jeweils mit temperaturabhängig zu betätigenden Verschlußorganen bestückt sind. Diese könnten dann gemeinsam von einem Stellmotor betätigt werden oder aber die einzelnen Verschlußorgane können einzeln und in gestufter Folge aktiviert werden.Finally, a possible solution would have to be considered, in which the smoke pipes 5 of the smoke pipe train 4 all have the same diameter, but a larger number of these pipes are each equipped with temperature-dependent closure members. These could then be actuated jointly by a servomotor or the individual closure members can be activated individually and in a graded sequence.

In den Fig. 1 und 2 bedeutet die strichpunktierte Linie 19 die den Dampfkessel umschließende Wärmeisolierungshülle.1 and 2, the dash-dotted line 19 means the heat insulation envelope surrounding the steam boiler.

Fig. 5 veranschaulicht nun die Stirnansicht eines Kessels mit zwei Flammrohren und zwei getrennten Rauchgaszügen, wobei jeder Rauchgaszug in der Weise ausgebildet ist, wie dies vorstehend im Zusammenhang mit den Fig. 1 bis 4 beschrieben und erläutert wurde, aus welchem Grund auch gleiche Teile hier mit denselben Hinweisziffern ausgestattet worden sind. Jedem der beiden Katalysatoren 14 ist dabei eine eigene Rauchgastemperaturregelung zugeteilt.Fig. 5 now illustrates the front view of a boiler with two flame tubes and two separate flue gas flues, each flue gas flue being designed in the manner as described and explained above in connection with FIGS. 1 to 4, for which reason the same parts here have been given the same reference numbers. Each of the two catalysts 14 is assigned its own flue gas temperature control.

Claims (7)

  1. A steam boiler with a plurality of flues (3, 4, 15) for average capacity and with a DeNOx plant in the form of a catalyst (14) and an NH₃ injection device (13) for reducing the NOx portions (nitrogen removal) in the flue gas, wherein the catalyst (14) is arranged upstream - as viewed in the direction of flow - of the last flue (15) of the steam boiler in a boiler portion (12) leading the flue gases downwards and the boiler portion arranged upstream of the aforesaid boiler portion (12) can be regulated as a function of the flue-gas temperature prevailing upstream of the catalyst (14) with respect to its through cross-section and a temperature sensor (17) preferably arranged between the NH₃ injection device (13) and the catalyst (14) is provided for controlling the through cross-section, wherein the said through cross-section can be increased as the flue-gas temperature drops, characterized in that the boiler portion arranged upstream of the catalyst (14) is constructed as a smoke-tube flue (4), and either at least one of the smoke tubes (6) forming the said smoke-tube flue has a diameter increased with respect to the other smoke tubes (5) of the said flue and the through cross-section of the said smoke tube (6) can be regulated by means of a butterfly valve (9), or [it] is constructed as a smoke-tube flue (4) with smoke tubes of essentially the same diameter and a plurality of the said smoke tubes have temperature-controlled closure members, for example butterfly valves (9), which narrow the through cross-section.
  2. A steam boiler according to Claim 1, characterized in that the butterfly valve (9) is arranged at the end of the smoke tube (6) towards the catalyst.
  3. A steam boiler according to Claim 1, characterized in that the diameter of the smoke tube (6), which can be regulated with respect to the through cross-section thereof, is a multiple of, and preferably 5 to 6 times, the diameter of the other smoke tubes (5) of the smoke-tube flue.
  4. A steam boiler according to Claim 1, characterized in that both the flue (4) positioned upstream of the catalyst (14) and the flue (15) positioned downstream thereof are arranged horizontally, [and] the main flow direction of the flue gases in the said flues (4, 15) extends substantially horizontally.
  5. A steam boiler according to Claim 4, characterized in that the two flues (4, 15) are situated substantially parallel to each other and the main flow directions of the flue gases in the said flues (4, 15) extend in directions opposite to each other.
  6. A steam boiler according to Claim 5, characterized in that the end - towards the catalyst - of the flue (4) which can be regulated with respect to the through cross-section opens into a chamber (7) which can be closed by means of a door or flap (8).
  7. A steam boiler according to Claim 6, characterized in that the chamber (7) is provided on the front end of the boiler (7).
EP19910103143 1991-03-02 1991-03-02 Water tube boiler Expired - Lifetime EP0502220B1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE59101872T DE59101872D1 (en) 1991-03-02 1991-03-02 Water tube boiler.
EP19910103143 EP0502220B1 (en) 1991-03-02 1991-03-02 Water tube boiler

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19910103143 EP0502220B1 (en) 1991-03-02 1991-03-02 Water tube boiler

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0502220A1 EP0502220A1 (en) 1992-09-09
EP0502220B1 true EP0502220B1 (en) 1994-06-08

Family

ID=8206473

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19910103143 Expired - Lifetime EP0502220B1 (en) 1991-03-02 1991-03-02 Water tube boiler

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0502220B1 (en)
DE (1) DE59101872D1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104110672A (en) * 2013-04-19 2014-10-22 上海运能能源科技有限公司 Oil and gas burning steam water boiler and outer wetback device thereof

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2596321Y2 (en) * 1993-07-12 1999-06-14 三菱重工業株式会社 Gas rectifier in denitration equipment
DE19606135C2 (en) * 1996-02-20 1999-01-14 Erc Emissions Reduzierungs Con Catalyst arrangement, in particular for a three-pass boiler

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3412499A1 (en) * 1984-04-03 1985-10-10 Balduin Dr. 8035 Gauting Pauli Smoke-tube formation, in particular for a fire-tube/smoke-tube boiler, and a process for separating nitrogen oxides out of its smoke gases
DE3502788A1 (en) * 1985-01-28 1986-07-31 Saacke GmbH & Co KG, 2800 Bremen METHOD AND DEVICE FOR REDUCING POLLUTANT EMISSIONS FROM COMBUSTION PLANTS
US4572110A (en) * 1985-03-01 1986-02-25 Energy Services Inc. Combined heat recovery and emission control system

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104110672A (en) * 2013-04-19 2014-10-22 上海运能能源科技有限公司 Oil and gas burning steam water boiler and outer wetback device thereof
CN104110672B (en) * 2013-04-19 2016-06-01 上海运能能源科技有限公司 The exogenous damp back of the body device of fuel-firing gas-firing steam water boiler and boiler

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59101872D1 (en) 1994-07-14
EP0502220A1 (en) 1992-09-09

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0502220B1 (en) Water tube boiler
DE2330503A1 (en) SNAKE TUBE BOILER
AT393727B (en) Steam boiler
EP0233998B1 (en) Preset flue gas temperature-adjusting device
EP0483678B1 (en) Steam boiler
AT395470B (en) Steam boiler
EP0466207B1 (en) Low temperature heating boiler
DE4011190A1 (en) Recuperative burner for industrial plant
DE3220554C2 (en) Device for utilizing at least part of the heat content of the exhaust gases emerging from a fired boiler
DE3909465C2 (en)
DE3543393A1 (en) Heating boiler
DE950547C (en) Ammonia incinerator with waste heat recovery
EP0791389A1 (en) Catalyst assembly, in particular for a three-pass boiler
DE102010046858B4 (en) Boiler and solid fuel heat supply system and a process for burning solid fuels
DE1802286C3 (en) Tubular heat exchangers for cooling flue gases from combustion systems
EP0370504A2 (en) Heating plant
AT398627B (en) BOILER
DE3344810C1 (en) Heating boiler with flow-swirling devices in residual heating-surface flues
DE3506480A1 (en) Heating boiler for liquid and gaseous fuels as well as method for control
DE183590C (en)
DE833399C (en) Hot air generator
DE1551893C (en) Sootblower for steam generators
DE573468C (en) Device for the recovery of exhaust gases from boilers, ovens, stoves
DE180877C (en)
DE215060C (en)

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): BE CH DE DK ES FR GB GR IT LI LU NL SE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19921208

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19931115

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): BE CH DE DK ES FR GB GR IT LI LU NL SE

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRE;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED.SCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 19940608

Ref country code: FR

Effective date: 19940608

Ref country code: BE

Effective date: 19940608

Ref country code: NL

Effective date: 19940608

Ref country code: DK

Effective date: 19940608

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: THE PATENT HAS BEEN ANNULLED BY A DECISION OF A NATIONAL AUTHORITY

Effective date: 19940608

Ref country code: GB

Effective date: 19940608

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 19940608

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 59101872

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19940714

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Effective date: 19940908

EN Fr: translation not filed
NLV1 Nl: lapsed or annulled due to failure to fulfill the requirements of art. 29p and 29m of the patents act
GBV Gb: ep patent (uk) treated as always having been void in accordance with gb section 77(7)/1977 [no translation filed]

Effective date: 19940608

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19950331

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 19960410

Year of fee payment: 6

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 19960508

Year of fee payment: 6

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Effective date: 19970331

Ref country code: LI

Effective date: 19970331

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Effective date: 19971202