EP0476638B1 - Process for the connection of timber elements and connection device for them - Google Patents
Process for the connection of timber elements and connection device for them Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0476638B1 EP0476638B1 EP91115915A EP91115915A EP0476638B1 EP 0476638 B1 EP0476638 B1 EP 0476638B1 EP 91115915 A EP91115915 A EP 91115915A EP 91115915 A EP91115915 A EP 91115915A EP 0476638 B1 EP0476638 B1 EP 0476638B1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- beams
- spindle
- face
- ring
- hole
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- QNRATNLHPGXHMA-XZHTYLCXSA-N (r)-(6-ethoxyquinolin-4-yl)-[(2s,4s,5r)-5-ethyl-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-2-yl]methanol;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.C([C@H]([C@H](C1)CC)C2)CN1[C@@H]2[C@H](O)C1=CC=NC2=CC=C(OCC)C=C21 QNRATNLHPGXHMA-XZHTYLCXSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims 5
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims 5
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 210000004556 brain Anatomy 0.000 description 9
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009417 prefabrication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical group [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003534 oscillatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
- E04B1/48—Dowels, i.e. members adapted to penetrate the surfaces of two parts and to take the shear stresses
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for connecting wooden beams, in particular for fastening a first beam made of wood, for example a glulam body, to a second beam perpendicular to the first beam in such a way that the first beam rests with the end face of its brain end on the second beam and both Beams are fastened to each other by a screw connection element and the screw connection element is glued in a bore in the end face of the first beam in the fiber direction by means of synthetic resin, and a ring for reinforcing the brain side is introduced.
- the invention also relates to a connection of wooden beams produced by the method.
- two beams are screwed together by means of a spindle passing through both beams, and for this purpose a hole is preferably made in each beam with a superimposed countersunk hole at the beginning, both holes being aligned with one another in the connecting position of the beams.
- the two beams are pulled firmly against each other and clamped together using nuts that are screwed onto both spindle ends and tightened. Therefore, high frictional forces arise at the contact surfaces, which counteract a displacement of the two beams in the connection plane.
- a ring is introduced into the contact surfaces of the beams in the connection plane, which concentrically surrounds the spindle at a distance from it and supports the resistance of the connection against shear forces.
- this method can only be used for connecting beams in which the spindle completely passes through the beams, so that nuts can be screwed onto the spindle ends on both sides to clamp the beams.
- the method is therefore only used where there are intersecting beams or those with their ends against each other beams to be fastened are to be connected.
- the holes extend across the grain of the beams.
- connection method can be carried out with very simple means, and it permits extensive prefabrication in the production plant or in the workshop with subsequent assembly on the construction site.
- the essence of the method according to the invention is, on the one hand, that a threaded spindle or threaded rod made of metal is introduced into the bore in the direction of the fiber in the brain end of a wooden body in order to introduce an individual load such that with a bore diameter which is larger than that of the spindle, the adhesive creates an absolutely firm connection with the bore wall and a positive connection is established with the thread, so that in this way tensile forces introduced via the spindle are evenly transmitted to the layers of the wooden part adjacent to the bore.
- the arrangement of the ring with a rhombic cross-section in the connection plane in each of the ring grooves filled with epoxy resin enables the ring to be easily inserted and securely fastened, and the bars to be precisely assigned to one another, so that, on the one hand, the wood body in the region of the brain end is prevented from splitting and the shear strength of the connection is increased and, on the other hand, simple and exact assembly is guaranteed even under construction site conditions.
- the ring prevents the wooden body from splitting in the area of the brain end near the face or connecting surface, where the splitting tensile forces have their maximum. If the ring also engages in the contact surface of the second beam, it additionally brings about a substantial increase in the shear strength of the connection in a similar manner to the known connection mentioned at the outset, which, however, is based on the two wooden parts being pressed together between the ends of a spindle. Experiments have already shown that a significant increase in the load capacities can be achieved with the connection method according to the invention.
- the method according to the invention can also be applied to the known connecting method mentioned at the outset, in which the wooden parts are screwed to one another or to one another between the spindle ends, and - are pressed if these are beams with a crossing fiber direction and the first beam through which the spindle extends in the direction of the fibers, is also suitable for a continuous spindle in terms of length. Because also in this case, pressing the brain end of the first beam against the contact surface of the second beam results in splitting tensile forces, which are counteracted in the form of a ring with the transverse tensile reinforcement according to the invention can be, if necessary, on both brain ends of the first bar.
- the bore in the first beam, in which the spindle is glued, is preferably carried out as a blind bore, which is consequently independent of the respective beam length.
- the ring should preferably be arranged concentrically to the spindle in order to form a uniformly effective reinforcement.
- the diameter of the ring is to be dimensioned such that the wood core enclosed by the ring covers the area relevant for the strength of the connection and the splitting tensile forces acting beyond the ring cannot destroy the wood part under load.
- the ring is inserted into an annular groove in the end face of the first beam and glued in with epoxy resin. In this way, a positive connection between the ring and the surrounding layers of wood is brought about, so that a effective reinforcement is achieved.
- the ring is introduced with one half in the annular groove of the first beam and with the other half in an annular groove which is milled into the contact surface of the second beam concentrically with the bore. This significantly increases the shear strength of the connection. Prefabrication is also easily possible for this.
- the ring is preferably made of metal with a cross-sectional profile in the form of a rhombus. As a result, the ring can in any case be easily inserted, if necessary also driven in, and it has the strongest cross section in the connecting plane of the two wooden parts.
- the other half of the ring in the ring groove of the second beam can also be glued there in a form-fitting manner by means of epoxy resin in order to avoid the highest possible resistance to any displacement in the event of shear stresses.
- the free end of the spindle section is expediently arranged in the second bar by means of a counterbore. In this way, an invisible connection consisting exclusively of internal connecting elements is achieved if the counterbore is closed after the connection has been made.
- the invention also relates to a connection of wooden parts which can be produced by the above-mentioned and described method, specifically with the further training options shown above.
- a central bore 5 is made as a blind bore through the end face 3 of the beam 1 in the end of the brain.
- a steel and threaded spindle 6 is inserted and glued with epoxy resin 7 in the manner shown, so that an end portion 8 of the spindle 6 protrudes far beyond the end face 3.
- annular groove 9 is milled in a coaxial position at a significant distance from the bore 5 in the end face 3.
- an aluminum ring 10 with an approximately rhombic cross section is glued in such a way by means of epoxy resin 11 that one half of the ring is positively embedded and fastened in the annular groove 9, while the other half protrudes beyond the end face 3.
- a continuous bore 12 is passed through the beam 2 and is suitable for receiving the end section 12 of the spindle 6.
- the bore 12 On the side of the bar 2 facing away from the contact surface 4, the bore 12 overlaid by a counterbore 13, as shown.
- an annular groove 14 is milled out concentrically to the bore 12, which corresponds to the aforementioned annular groove 9.
- the annular groove 14 is provided with an epoxy resin filling 15 and the beam 2 is placed with its contact surface 4 on the end face 3 of the beam 1 so that the end portion 8 of the spindle 6 passes through the bore 12 and from which End face 3 protruding half of the ring 10 penetrates into the ring groove 14 filled with epoxy resin.
- a pressure ring 16 and a locking ring 17 are placed on the free end of the spindle 6, and a nut 18 is screwed on and tightened until a tension sufficient for the desired connection is reached.
- the epoxy resin filling 15 hardens, and the desired tensile, shear and pressure-resistant connection of the beams 1, 2 is achieved.
- the two beams 1, 2 connected to one another have mutually crossing fiber directions and the bore receiving the spindle runs in the fiber direction of the first beam 1. Nevertheless, the spindle can withstand high tensile loads without the split tensile forces leading to a transverse tensile break.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
- Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
- Coupling Device And Connection With Printed Circuit (AREA)
- Connections Arranged To Contact A Plurality Of Conductors (AREA)
- Connector Housings Or Holding Contact Members (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Verbinden von Holzbalken, insbesondere zum Befestigen eines ersten Balkens aus Holz, zum Beispiel eines Brettschichtholzkörpers, an einem zweiten Balken senkrecht zum ersten Balken derart, daß der erste Balken mit der Stirnseite seines Hirnendes an dem zweiten Balken anliegt und beide Balken durch ein Schraubverbindungselement aneinander befestigt werden und das Schraubverbindungselement in einer in der Stirnseite des ersten Balkens in Faserrichtung verlaufenden Bohrung mittels Kunstharz verklebt ist sowie ein Ring zur Bewehrung der Hirnseite eingebracht wird. Die Erfindung bezieht sich außerdem auf eine nach dem Verfahren hergestellte Verbindung von Holzbalken.The invention relates to a method for connecting wooden beams, in particular for fastening a first beam made of wood, for example a glulam body, to a second beam perpendicular to the first beam in such a way that the first beam rests with the end face of its brain end on the second beam and both Beams are fastened to each other by a screw connection element and the screw connection element is glued in a bore in the end face of the first beam in the fiber direction by means of synthetic resin, and a ring for reinforcing the brain side is introduced. The invention also relates to a connection of wooden beams produced by the method.
Zum Verbinden von zwei Holzteilen insbesondere Balken in senkrecht gegeneinander stoßender Lage sind eine Reihe von Verfahren bekannt, von denen diejenigen Verfahren im Zusammenhang mit der Erfindung von Interesse sind, bei denen innenliegende Verbindungselemente verwendet werden.A number of methods are known for connecting two wooden parts, in particular beams in a mutually perpendicular position, of which those methods are of interest in connection with the invention in which internal connecting elements are used.
Bei einem dieser bekannten Verfahren werden zwei Balken mittels einer beide Balken durchsetzenden Spindel miteinander verschraubt, und hierfür wird in jedem Balken eine Bohrung vorzugsweise mit einer überlagerten Senkbohrung am Anfang angelegt, wobei beide Bohrungen in dar Verbindungslage der Balken miteinander fluchten. Mittels auf beiden Spindelenden aufgeschraubter und festgespannter Muttern werden die beiden Balken fest gegeneinander gezogen und miteinander verspannt. An den Kontaktflächen entstehen deshalb hohe Reibkräfte, die einer Verschiebung der beiden Balken in der Verbindungsebene entgegenwirken. Zusätzlich wird in der Verbindungsebene ein Ring in die Kontaktflächen der Balken eingebracht, der die Spindel im Abstand von dieser konzentrisch umgibt und den Widerstand der Verbindung gegen Scherkräfte unterstützt.In one of these known methods, two beams are screwed together by means of a spindle passing through both beams, and for this purpose a hole is preferably made in each beam with a superimposed countersunk hole at the beginning, both holes being aligned with one another in the connecting position of the beams. The two beams are pulled firmly against each other and clamped together using nuts that are screwed onto both spindle ends and tightened. Therefore, high frictional forces arise at the contact surfaces, which counteract a displacement of the two beams in the connection plane. In addition, a ring is introduced into the contact surfaces of the beams in the connection plane, which concentrically surrounds the spindle at a distance from it and supports the resistance of the connection against shear forces.
Dieses Verfahren ist jedoch nur zum Verbinden von Balken anwendbar, bei denen die Spindel die Balken vollständig durchsetzt, so daß beidseitig Muttern auf die Spindelenden zum Verspannen der Balken aufschraubbar sind. Deshalb wird das Verfahren auch nur dort angewendet, wo einander kreuzende Balken oder solche mit ihren Enden aneinander zu befestigende Balken zu verbinden sind. Die Bohrungen erstrecken sich quer zur Faserrichtung der Balken.However, this method can only be used for connecting beams in which the spindle completely passes through the beams, so that nuts can be screwed onto the spindle ends on both sides to clamp the beams. The method is therefore only used where there are intersecting beams or those with their ends against each other beams to be fastened are to be connected. The holes extend across the grain of the beams.
Besondere Probleme entstehen, wenn an der Stirnseite eines ersten Balkens ein zweiter Balken senkrecht zu dem ersten befestigt werden muß, und zwar derart, daß auch Zuglasten, die die beiden Balken voneinander zu trennen streben, von der Verbindung aufgenommen werden.
Denn in Faserrichtung der Balken lassen sich bekanntlich keine belastbaren Schraubverbindungen oder dergleichen herstellen. Hier müssen folglich beispielsweise seitliche Verbindungslaschen, die beide Balken überbrücken, angeschraubt werden, wobei die Schrauben quer zur Faserrichtung, in die Balken eingeschraubt werden. Oder es werden die Balken umgreifende Klammern gesetzt und an den Balken festgeschraubt.Particular problems arise when a second beam has to be fastened to the end face of a first beam perpendicular to the first, in such a way that tensile loads which strive to separate the two beams from one another are also absorbed by the connection.
Because it is known that no strong screw connections or the like can be produced in the fiber direction of the beams. Here, for example, lateral connecting straps that bridge both beams must be screwed on, the screws being screwed into the beams at right angles to the grain. Or brackets encompassing the bars are placed and screwed to the bars.
Aus der DE-OS 22 20 201 ist schließlich eine Holzverbindung zwischen der Stirnseite eines Kant- oder Rundholzes und der Längsseite eines Kantholzes bekannt, bei der in eine Vorbohrung in der Stirnseite des Kant- oder Rundholzes eine Schraube mit Kunstharzmörtel eingeklebt und in das Stirnholz ein Ringdübel in Form eines Rohrabschnitts eingebracht ist. Abgesehen davon, daß diese Druckschrift offenläßt, wie die jeweiligen Befestigungselemente zueinander angeordnet sind, wie der Ringdübel eingebracht und wie die Verbindung zwischen den beiden Balken hergestellt wird, ist eine sichere Befestigung der Schraube in der Vorbohrung, deren Durchmesser dem der Schraube entspricht, nicht möglich. Andererseits ist eine exakte gegenseitige Zuordhung der beiden Balken nicht gewährleistet, so daß letztlich die Montage unter Baustellenbedingungen Schwierigkeiten bereitet.From DE-OS 22 20 201, finally, a wood connection between the end face of a square or round timber and the long side of a square timber is known, in which a screw is glued with synthetic resin mortar into a pilot hole in the front side of the square or round timber and inserted into the front timber Ring dowel is introduced in the form of a pipe section. Apart from the fact that this publication leaves open how the respective fastening elements are arranged to each other, how the ring dowel is inserted and how the connection between the two beams is made, a secure fastening of the screw in the pilot hole, the diameter of which corresponds to that of the screw, is not possible . On the other hand, an exact mutual assignment of the two bars is not guaranteed, so that ultimately assembly under construction site conditions is difficult.
Es besteht daher die Aufgabe, ein Verfahren zum Verbinden von senkrecht auf- bzw. gegeneinander stoßenden Holzbalken sowie eine entsprechende Verbindung von Holzbalken zu schaffen, so daß eine zug- und scherfeste Verbindung von Balken, insbesondere bei sich kreuzender Faserrichtung, mit einfachen Mitteln unter Baustellenbedingungen schnell und sicher erreichbar ist.It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a method for connecting vertically abutting or abutting wooden beams and a corresponding connection of wooden beams, so that a tensile and shear-resistant connection of beams, in particular when the fiber direction crosses, with simple means under construction site conditions can be reached quickly and safely.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß mit einem Verfahren sowie einer entsprechenden Verbindung gemäß den Merkmalen der Patentansprüche 1 und 6 gelöst.This object is achieved with a method and a corresponding connection according to the features of
Mit dieser erfindungsgemäßen Lösung wird erstmalig eine zug-, scher- und biegefeste Verbindung zwischen zwei senkrecht aufeinanderstehenden Balken oder anderweitigen Holzteilen mit innenliegenden Verbindungselementen erreicht, obwohl die Balken einander kreuzende Faserrichtungen haben. Das Verbindungsverfahren ist mit sehr einfachen Mitteln durchführbar, und es gestattet eine weitgehende Vorfertigung im Produktionsbetrieb bzw. in der Werkstatt mit anschließender Montage auf der Baustelle.With this solution according to the invention, a tensile, shear and bending-resistant connection between two perpendicular beams or other wooden parts with internal connecting elements is achieved for the first time, although the beams have mutually crossing fiber directions. The connection method can be carried out with very simple means, and it permits extensive prefabrication in the production plant or in the workshop with subsequent assembly on the construction site.
Trotz der außergewöhnlichen Festigkeit der Verbindung handelt es sich dabei um eine lösbare Schraubverbindung so daß die beiden miteinander verbundenen Holzteile im Bedarfsfall auch wieder voneinander getrennt und ggf. ein weiteres Mal miteinander verbunden werden können.Despite the exceptional strength of the connection, this is a detachable screw connection so that the two wooden parts connected to each other can also be separated from one another if necessary and connected again if necessary.
In einem Holzteil in Faserrichtung eingebrachte Verbindungselemente erlauben gewöhnlich keine Zugbeanspruchung. Aufgrund eines komplizierten räumlichen Spannungszustandes entstehen vielmehr bei der Einleitung von einzelnen Zugkräften in dem Holzteil, insbesondere in einem Brettschichtholzkörper, sogenannte Spaltzugkräfte. Bedingt durch die Anisotropie des Werkstoffes Holz ergeben sich aus diesen Spaltzugkräften unzulässig hohe Querzugspannungen, die vor allem bei einem Hirnholzendabschnitt zu einem Querzugbruch führen können. Überlagert werden diese Querzugspannungen noch zusätzlich durch Querzugspannungen aus Quell- und Schwingbewegungen.Fastening elements inserted in a wooden part in the direction of the fibers usually do not allow tensile stress. Rather, due to a complicated spatial state of tension, so-called split tensile forces arise when individual tensile forces are introduced into the wooden part, in particular in a glulam body. Due to the anisotropy of the material wood, these splitting tensile forces result in impermissibly high transverse tensile stresses, which can lead to a transverse tensile fracture, especially in a cross-grain end section. These transverse tensile stresses are additionally superimposed by transverse tensile stresses from source and oscillatory movements.
Der Kern des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens besteht einerseits darin, daß zur Einleitung einer Einzellast eine mit Gewinde versehene Spindel oder Gewindestange aus Metall in die in Faserrichtung verlaufende Bohrung im Hirnende eines Holzkörpers derart eingebracht wird, daß bei einem Bohrungsdurchmesser, der größer als der der Spindel ist, der Kleber eine absolut feste Verbindung mit der Bohrungswandung herstellt und eine formschlüssige Verbindung mit dem Gewinde eingeht, so daß auf diese Weise über die Spindel eingeleitete Zugkräfte gleichmäßig auf die an die Bohrung angrenzenden Schichten des Holzteils übertragen werden. Die Anordnung des im Querschnitt rhombenförmig ausgebildeten Ringes in der Verbindungsebene in jeweils mit Epoxidharz gefüllten Ringnuten ermöglicht zum anderen ein einfaches Einbringen und eine sichere Befestigung des Ringes sowie eine exakte Zuordnung der Balken zueinander, so daß einerseits einem Spalten des Holzkörpers im Bereich des Hirnendes entgegengewirkt und die Scherfestigkeit der Verbindung erhöht wird und andererseits eine auch unter Baustellenbedingungen einfache und exakte Montage gewährleistet ist.The essence of the method according to the invention is, on the one hand, that a threaded spindle or threaded rod made of metal is introduced into the bore in the direction of the fiber in the brain end of a wooden body in order to introduce an individual load such that with a bore diameter which is larger than that of the spindle, the adhesive creates an absolutely firm connection with the bore wall and a positive connection is established with the thread, so that in this way tensile forces introduced via the spindle are evenly transmitted to the layers of the wooden part adjacent to the bore. The arrangement of the ring with a rhombic cross-section in the connection plane in each of the ring grooves filled with epoxy resin enables the ring to be easily inserted and securely fastened, and the bars to be precisely assigned to one another, so that, on the one hand, the wood body in the region of the brain end is prevented from splitting and the shear strength of the connection is increased and, on the other hand, simple and exact assembly is guaranteed even under construction site conditions.
Der Ring verhindert ein Spalten des Holzkörpers im Bereich des Hirnendes nahe der Stirn- bzw. Verbindungsfläche, wo die Spaltzugkräfte ihr Maximum haben. Wenn der Ring gleichzeitig auch in die Kontaktfläche des zweiten Balkens greift, bewirkt er zusätzlich eine wesentliche Erhöhung der Scherfestigkeit der Verbindung in ähnlicher Weise wie bei der eingangs genannten bekannten Verbindung, die allerdings auf einem Zusammenpressen der beiden Holzteile zwischen den Enden einer Spindel beruht. Versuche haben bereits gezeigt, daß mit den erfindungsgemäßen Verbindungsverfahren eine deutliche Steigerung der Traglasten erreichbar ist.The ring prevents the wooden body from splitting in the area of the brain end near the face or connecting surface, where the splitting tensile forces have their maximum. If the ring also engages in the contact surface of the second beam, it additionally brings about a substantial increase in the shear strength of the connection in a similar manner to the known connection mentioned at the outset, which, however, is based on the two wooden parts being pressed together between the ends of a spindle. Experiments have already shown that a significant increase in the load capacities can be achieved with the connection method according to the invention.
Es bedarf keiner besonderen Erwähnung, daß das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren auch auf das eingangs genannte bekannte Verbindungsverfahren anwendbar ist, bei dem die Holzteile zwischen den Spindelenden aneinander bzw. aufeinander geschraubt, und - gepreßt werden, wenn es sich dabei um Balken mit kreuzender Faserrichtung handelt und der erste Balken durch den sich die Spindel in Faserrichtung erstreckt, sich von der Länge her noch für eine durchgehende Spindel eignet. Denn auch in diesem Falle ergeben sich durch das Anpressen des Hirnendes des ersten Balkens an die Kontaktfläche des zweiten Balkens Spaltzugkräfte, denen mit der erfindungsgemäßen Querzugbewehrung in Ringform entgegengewirkt werden kann, ggf. an beiden Hirnenden des ersten Balkens. Bisher sind solche Balkenverbindungen, bei denen sich die Gewindespindel in Faserrichtung erstreckt, überhaupt nicht herstellbar gewesen, ohne daß unzulässig, hohe Querzugspannungen entstehen, es sei denn, man hat eine äußere Bewehrung angebracht, die das Hirnende des Balkens unter Spannung einfaßt.There is no need to mention that the method according to the invention can also be applied to the known connecting method mentioned at the outset, in which the wooden parts are screwed to one another or to one another between the spindle ends, and - are pressed if these are beams with a crossing fiber direction and the first beam through which the spindle extends in the direction of the fibers, is also suitable for a continuous spindle in terms of length. Because also in this case, pressing the brain end of the first beam against the contact surface of the second beam results in splitting tensile forces, which are counteracted in the form of a ring with the transverse tensile reinforcement according to the invention can be, if necessary, on both brain ends of the first bar. So far, such beam connections, in which the threaded spindle extends in the direction of the fibers, could not be produced at all without inadmissible, high transverse tensile stresses, unless an external reinforcement has been attached which holds the brain end of the beam under tension.
Die Bohrung in dem ersten Balken, in dem die Spindel eingeklebt wird, wird vorzugsweise als Blindbohrung ausgeführt, die folglich unabhängig von der jeweiligen Balkenlänge ist.The bore in the first beam, in which the spindle is glued, is preferably carried out as a blind bore, which is consequently independent of the respective beam length.
Der Ring soll vorzugsweise konzentrisch zu der Spindel angeordnet sein, um eine gleichmäßig wirksame Bewehrung zu bilden. Der Durchmesser des Ringes ist so zu bemessen., daß der von dem Ring eingefaßte Holzkern den für die Festigkeit der Verbindung maßgeblichen Bereich erfaßt und die jenseits des Ringes wirksamen Spaltzugkräfte das Holzteil unter Last nicht zerstören können.The ring should preferably be arranged concentrically to the spindle in order to form a uniformly effective reinforcement. The diameter of the ring is to be dimensioned such that the wood core enclosed by the ring covers the area relevant for the strength of the connection and the splitting tensile forces acting beyond the ring cannot destroy the wood part under load.
Erfindungsgemäß ist weiterhin vorgesehen, daß der Ring in eine Ringnut in der Stirnfläche des ersten Balkens eingesetzt und mit Epoxidharz eingeklebt wird. Auf diese Weise wird ein Formschluß zwischen dem Ring und den umgebenden Holzschichten herbeigeführt, so daß eine wirksame Bewehrung erreicht wird.According to the invention it is further provided that the ring is inserted into an annular groove in the end face of the first beam and glued in with epoxy resin. In this way, a positive connection between the ring and the surrounding layers of wood is brought about, so that a effective reinforcement is achieved.
Eine wesentliche erfindungsgemäße Weiterbildung besteht darin, daß der Ring mit einer Hälfte in der Ringnut des ersten Balkens und mit der anderen Hälfte in einer Ringnut eingebracht wird, die konzentrisch zu der Bohrung in die Kontaktfläche des zweiten Balkens eingefräst wird. Hierdurch wird die Scherfestigkeit der Verbindung wesentlich erhöht. Auch hierfür ist eine Vorfertigung ohne weiteres möglich.An essential development according to the invention is that the ring is introduced with one half in the annular groove of the first beam and with the other half in an annular groove which is milled into the contact surface of the second beam concentrically with the bore. This significantly increases the shear strength of the connection. Prefabrication is also easily possible for this.
Der Ring besteht vorzugsweise aus Metall mit einem Querschnittsprofil in der Form eines Rhombus. Dadurch läßt sich der Ring in jedem Falle leicht einsetzen,notfalls auch eintreiben, und er weist in der Verbindungsebene der beiden Holzteile den stärksten Querschnitt auf.The ring is preferably made of metal with a cross-sectional profile in the form of a rhombus. As a result, the ring can in any case be easily inserted, if necessary also driven in, and it has the strongest cross section in the connecting plane of the two wooden parts.
Die andere Hälfte des Ringes in der Ringnut des zweiten Balkens kann dort ebenfalls formschlüssig mittels Epoxidharz eingeklebt sein, um einen möglichst hohen Widerstand gegen jegliche Verschiebung im Falle von Scherbeanspruchungen zu vermeiden.The other half of the ring in the ring groove of the second beam can also be glued there in a form-fitting manner by means of epoxy resin in order to avoid the highest possible resistance to any displacement in the event of shear stresses.
Das freie Ende des Spindelabschnitts ist in dem zweiten Balken zweckmäßig mittels einer Senkbohrung angeordnet. Auf diese Weise erreicht man eine ausschließlich aus innenliegenden Verbindungselementen bestehende unsichtbare Verbindung, wenn die Senkbohrung nach Herstellung der Verbindung verschlossen wird.The free end of the spindle section is expediently arranged in the second bar by means of a counterbore. In this way, an invisible connection consisting exclusively of internal connecting elements is achieved if the counterbore is closed after the connection has been made.
Gegenstand der Erfindung ist auch eine Verbindung von Holzteilen, die nach dem vorgenannten und beschriebenen Verfahren herstellbar ist, und zwar mit den oben aufgezeigten Weiterbildungsmöglichkeiten.The invention also relates to a connection of wooden parts which can be produced by the above-mentioned and described method, specifically with the further training options shown above.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird nachstehend mit Bezug auf die Zeichnung näher erläutert. In der Zeichnung ist ein Beispiel einer Verbindung von zwei Holzteilen mit kreuzender, d.h. im wesentliche aufeinander senkrecht stehender Faserrichtung dargestellt.An embodiment of the invention is explained below with reference to the drawing. In the drawing is an example of a connection of two wooden parts with crossing, i.e. shown essentially mutually perpendicular fiber direction.
Ein erster Balken 1, bestehend aus einem dreischichtigen Brettschichtholzkörper, wird mit einem senkrecht hierzu verlaufenden zweiten Balken 2, der ebenfalls in dem gewählten Ausführungsbeispiel aus einem dreischichtigen Brettschichtholzkörper besteht, verbunden, so daß die Stirnfläche 3 des Balkens 1 fest gegen die Kontaktfläche 4 des Balkens 2 gezogen ist.A first beam 1, consisting of a three-layer glulam body, is connected to a second beam 2 running perpendicular to it, which also consists of a three-layer glulam body in the selected embodiment, so that the
Durch die Stirnfläche 3 des Balkens 1 wird in dessen Hirnende eine zentrale Bohrung 5 als Blindbohrung ausgeführt. In diese Bohrung 5 wird eine aus Stahl bestehende und mit einem Gewinde versehene Spindel 6 eingeführt und mit Epoxidharz 7 in der dargestellten Weise eingeklebt, und zwar so, daß ein Endabschnitt 8 der Spindel 6 weit über die Stirnfläche 3 hinaus vorsteht.A central bore 5 is made as a blind bore through the
Eine Ringnut 9 wird in koaxialer Lage in deutlichem Abstand von der Bohrung 5 in der Stirnfläche 3 ausgefräst. In die Ringnut 9 wird ein aus Aluminium bestehender Ring 10 mit einem etwa rhombusförmigen Querschnitt derart mittels Epoxidharz 11 eingeklebt, daß die eine Ringhälfte in der Ringnut 9 formschlüssig eingebettet und befestigt ist, während die andere Hälfte über die Stirnfläche 3 hinaus vorsteht.An
Durch den Balken 2 wird eine durchgehende Bohrung 12 geführt, die zur Aufnahme des Endabschnitts 12 der Spindel 6 geeignet ist. An der der Kontaktfläche 4 abgewandten Seite des Balkens 2 wird die Bohrung 12 von einer Senkbohrung 13, wie dargestellt, überlagert. In der Kontaktfläche 4 wird konzentrisch zu der Bohrung 12 eine Ringnut 14 ausgefräst, die der vorgenannten Ringnut 9 entspricht.A continuous bore 12 is passed through the beam 2 and is suitable for receiving the end section 12 of the
Zum Verbinden der beiden Balken 1, 2 wird die Ringnut 14 mit einer Epoxidharzfüllung 15 versehen und der Balken 2 so mit seiner Kontaktfläche 4 auf die Stirnfläche 3 des Balkens 1 aufgelegt, daß der Endabschnitt 8 der Spindel 6 die Bohrung 12 durchsetzt und die aus der Stirnfläche 3 vorstehende Hälfte des Ringes 10 in die mit Epoxidharz gefüllte Ringnut 14 eindringt. Wenn die Kontaktfläche 4 auf der Stirnfläche 3 aufliegt, wird auf das freie Ende der Spindel 6 ein Druckring 16 und ein Sicherungsring 17 aufgesetzt sowie eine Mutter 18 aufgeschraubt und festgezogen, bis eine für die gewünschte Verbindung ausreichende Zugspannung erreicht wird. Die Epoxidharzfüllung 15 härtet aus, und die gewünschte Zug-, scher- und druckfeste Verbindung der Balken 1, 2 ist erreicht.To connect the two beams 1, 2, the
Die Wirkung und Vorteile der so hergestellten Verbindung zwischen den Balken 1, 2 sind bereits im ersten Teil der Beschreibung eingehend erläutert worden, so daß auf eine Wiederholung an dieser Stelle verzichtet wird.The effect and advantages of the connection thus established between the beams 1, 2 have already been explained in detail in the first part of the description, so that repetition at this point is dispensed with.
Abschließend wird jedoch mit Bezug auf die Zeichnung noch einmal darauf hingewiesen , daß die beiden miteinander verbundenen Balken 1, 2 einander kreuzende Faserrichtungen haben und die die Spindel aufnehmende Bohrung in Faserrichtung des ersten Balkens 1 verläuft. Dennoch ist die Spindel mit hohen Zuglasten belastbar, ohne daß die Spaltzugkräfte zu einem Querzugbruch führen können.Finally, however, with reference to the drawing, it is again pointed out that the two beams 1, 2 connected to one another have mutually crossing fiber directions and the bore receiving the spindle runs in the fiber direction of the first beam 1. Nevertheless, the spindle can withstand high tensile loads without the split tensile forces leading to a transverse tensile break.
Claims (6)
- Method for joining wooden beams, particularly for fixing a first wooden beam (1), e.g. a laminated wood board member, to a second beam (2) at right angles to the first beam (1) in such a way that the face (3) of its cross-cut end engages on the second beam (2) and both beams are fixed to one another by a screw coupling member (6) and said screw coupling member (6) is bonded by means of synthetic resin in a hole (5) running in the fibre direction in the end face of the first beam (1), as well as a ring (10) for reinforcing the cross-cut end, characterized in that as the synthetic resin epoxy resin is used and a spindle (6) as the screw coupling member is embedded in the epoxy resin in the hole (5) and the ring (10), which has an approximately rhombic cross-sectional profile, is so placed in an epoxy resin (11)-filled circular groove (9) in the face (3) of the first beam (1), that the thickest point of its cross-sectional profile is in the vicinity of the face (3) and the second beam (2) with a hole (12) receiving the spindle (6) and a circular groove (14) filled with epoxy resin (15) and provided in the contact face (4) is placed on the first beam (1) and/or on the projecting portion of the ring (10) and subsequently through the tightening of a nut (18) on the end of the spindle projecting out of the hole (12) and tightening the nut (18) is drawn against the first beam (1).
- Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the hole (5) in the first beam (1) is in the form of a blind hole.
- Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the ring (10) is positioned concentrically to the spindle (6).
- Method according to one of the claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the circular grooves (9 or 14) are milled concentrically to the holes (5 or 12) in the end face (3) or the contact face (4).
- Method according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the free end of the spindle (6) is located in a sinkhole (13) in the beam (2).
- Connection of wooden beams, produced according to one or more of the claims 1 to 5, particularly with respect to beams of the laminated wood board member type, with crossing fibre directions of the wooden beams to be connected, in which on the end face (3) of a first beam (1) engages a beam (2) arranged at right angles thereto and in the end face (3) of the first beam (1) is fitted a ring (10) and in a hole (5) running in the fibre direction is bonded by means of synthetic resin a screw coupling member (6) connecting the two beams, characterized in that the screw coupling member is a spindle (6) embedded in epoxy resin in the hole (5) and whose end projecting from the hole (5) passes through a hole (12) of the second beam (2) ending in a blind hole (13) and receives a nut (18), the ring (10) being approximately rhombic and is embedded in epoxy resin in circular grooves (9,14) running concentrically to the holes (8,12) in the abutting faces of the beams (1,2).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4029726 | 1990-09-20 | ||
| DE4029726A DE4029726A1 (en) | 1990-09-20 | 1990-09-20 | METHOD FOR JOINING WOODEN PARTS AND JOINING WOODEN PARTS |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0476638A2 EP0476638A2 (en) | 1992-03-25 |
| EP0476638A3 EP0476638A3 (en) | 1992-05-27 |
| EP0476638B1 true EP0476638B1 (en) | 1995-04-26 |
Family
ID=6414570
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP91115915A Expired - Lifetime EP0476638B1 (en) | 1990-09-20 | 1991-09-19 | Process for the connection of timber elements and connection device for them |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0476638B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE121810T1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE4029726A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK0476638T3 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2022212861A1 (en) * | 2021-04-01 | 2022-10-06 | Simpson Strong-Tie Company, Inc. | System for filling voids in glued-in-rod structures |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT399838B (en) * | 1993-07-20 | 1995-07-25 | Wirglauer Gottfried | WOOD JOINT FOR BLUNT BUTTING TWO BEAMS |
| US6389767B1 (en) | 2000-01-06 | 2002-05-21 | Zone Four, Llc | Shear wall construction |
| DE20001250U1 (en) * | 2000-01-25 | 2001-05-31 | Sfs Industrie Holding Ag, Heerbrugg | Fastening element for connecting adjoining or abutting wooden profiles |
| DE20001249U1 (en) * | 2000-01-25 | 2001-05-31 | Sfs Industrie Holding Ag, Heerbrugg | Connection of adjacent or abutting wooden profiles |
| NL1028126C2 (en) * | 2005-01-26 | 2006-07-27 | Venster Techniek B V | Connection method for wooden window frame post and lower horizontal frame member, comprises securing plug inside post cavity and securing fastener to plug and horizontal frame member |
| CZ302525B6 (en) * | 2010-05-07 | 2011-06-29 | Ceské vysoké ucení technické v Praze, Fakulta stavební | Removable semi-rigid connection or joint of load-bearing bar construction wooden bars |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2378550A (en) * | 1943-04-02 | 1945-06-19 | Frederic R Harris | Connector ring groove centering device |
| DE2220201A1 (en) * | 1972-04-25 | 1973-11-08 | Rudolf Wolter | WOOD JOINT |
| US4484430A (en) * | 1981-08-10 | 1984-11-27 | Wendell E. Rossman | Connector for a structural member |
| DE3634039A1 (en) * | 1986-10-06 | 1988-04-14 | Peter Bertsche | CONNECTOR BODY FOR TIMBER CONSTRUCTION |
-
1990
- 1990-09-20 DE DE4029726A patent/DE4029726A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1991
- 1991-09-19 EP EP91115915A patent/EP0476638B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-09-19 DE DE59105305T patent/DE59105305D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-09-19 AT AT91115915T patent/ATE121810T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-09-19 DK DK91115915.0T patent/DK0476638T3/en active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2022212861A1 (en) * | 2021-04-01 | 2022-10-06 | Simpson Strong-Tie Company, Inc. | System for filling voids in glued-in-rod structures |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE4029726A1 (en) | 1992-03-26 |
| EP0476638A3 (en) | 1992-05-27 |
| DK0476638T3 (en) | 1995-10-02 |
| EP0476638A2 (en) | 1992-03-25 |
| ATE121810T1 (en) | 1995-05-15 |
| DE59105305D1 (en) | 1995-06-01 |
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