EP0476311B1 - Elektrischer Fluiderhitzer - Google Patents

Elektrischer Fluiderhitzer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0476311B1
EP0476311B1 EP19910113717 EP91113717A EP0476311B1 EP 0476311 B1 EP0476311 B1 EP 0476311B1 EP 19910113717 EP19910113717 EP 19910113717 EP 91113717 A EP91113717 A EP 91113717A EP 0476311 B1 EP0476311 B1 EP 0476311B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
conduit
power supply
fluid
straight portion
rings
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19910113717
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0476311A1 (de
Inventor
Jean De Stoutz
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication of EP0476311A1 publication Critical patent/EP0476311A1/de
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/10—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium
    • F24H1/101—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium using electric energy supply
    • F24H1/102—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium using electric energy supply with resistance
    • F24H1/105—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium using electric energy supply with resistance formed by the tube through which the fluid flows

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the heating of fluids by Joule effect and relates more particularly to a device for heating a fluid circulating in a tube heated by Joule effect.
  • heating devices it is an electric current circulating in the tube which heats it by Joule effect, and the tube heats the fluid, generally a liquid or a pasty fluid which circulates there, by conduction and / or radiation.
  • Such a device comprises a set of tubes made of a thermally conductive material and of determined electrical resistivity, shaped as a helix, serpentine, or comprising rectilinear parts connected by elbows.
  • the document FR-A1-2632475 proposes to short-circuit the curved parts of the tube so as to pass the heating current only through its rectilinear portions.
  • the present invention relates to a device for heating a fluid circulating in a rectilinear part of a tube allowing simple regulation of the energy delivered and above all for modifying for a given transferred energy the energy density delivered per unit area of the tube.
  • the device for heating a fluid comprising a pipe in which this fluid circulates, this pipe comprising at least one electrically conductive rectilinear portion traversed by an electric current causing its heating by Joule effect and consequently the heating of the fluid, current supply flanges being mounted on said rectilinear portion, characterized in that said rectilinear portion comprises two supply flanges mounted so that the distance separating one of the flanges from the other is adjustable so as to be able to vary, for a given supply power, the specific power dissipated by the pipe as a function of the distance separating these supply flanges.
  • the attached drawing illustrates schematically and by way of example an embodiment of the heating device according to the invention.
  • Figure 1 illustrates schematically and in section an electrically conductive pipe intended to convey a fluid provided with supply flanges supplied with electric current by a low voltage transformer and a regulator.
  • Figures 2 and 3 are views of a supply flange.
  • FIGS 4,5 and 6 illustrate a second embodiment of the heating device.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates the temperature of the product circulating in the device according to FIGS. 4 to 6.
  • FIG. 8 illustrates a variant of the heating device illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 3.
  • Figure 9 illustrates a sectional turbulator.
  • the heating device comprises a pipe 1 serving for the circulation of the fluid to be heated.
  • This pipe is intended to be connected at its upstream end to a supply of said fluid and at its downstream end to a circuit for use or storage thereof.
  • This pipe 1 has at least one straight portion 1a, three in the example illustrated, made of an electrically conductive material and having a determined resistivity, as homogeneous as possible.
  • the entire pipe 1 is made of an electrically conductive material, but according to a alternatively the elbows 2,3 could be made of an electrically insulating material.
  • This Joule effect heating device also comprises, for each straight part 1a of the pipe 1, two flanges for supplying electric current 4.
  • Each flange 4 is formed by two half-shells 4a, 4b enclosing the pipe 1 and clamped one against the other and against said pipe 1 using screws or studs and nuts 5,6.
  • These supply flanges 4 can thus be fixed on the tube at any point in its rectilinear portions, which makes it possible to vary the distance between two flanges fixed on the same rectilinear portion and therefore the resistance measured at the terminals of these two flanges.
  • each of the three pairs of supply flanges associated with the straight portions of pipes is connected to a phase of a three-phase supply.
  • the adjacent rings of two neighboring pairs, located on either side of an elbow 2 are electrically connected.
  • the electrical supply of the heating device is made from the three-phase distribution network, for example by means of a low-voltage transformer 7 (39 Volts) and a static switch 8 with semiconductor such as thyristors ordered 9.
  • the control of the semiconductor switch is carried out by an electronic device comprising a regulator 10 for example of the type existing in the trade "Thermel-phonix 96 No 11877" whose output controls the conduction or the stop of the thyristor (s) by means of an ignition modulator causing the thyristor to change state only at zero crossings of the alternating supply current to avoid any overvoltage during switching.
  • a regulator 10 for example of the type existing in the trade "Thermel-phonix 96 No 11877" whose output controls the conduction or the stop of the thyristor (s) by means of an ignition modulator causing the thyristor to change state only at zero crossings of the alternating supply current to avoid any overvoltage during switching.
  • the regulator 10 is controlled by the output signal from a temperature detector 11 plunging into the flow of the fluid downstream of the heating part of the pipe 1.
  • the supply of the pipe 1, and therefore its production of heat is controlled directly by the temperature of the fluid, very precisely to a few tenths of a degree centigrade.
  • the electrical power delivered to the pipe 1 is regulated by all or nothing and can vary between 0 and 100% depending on the conduction time of the thyristors. This procedure makes it possible to obtain high precision in regulating the temperature of the fluid, to avoid any overheating of the latter and to have a very short response time.
  • the regulator 10 is also controlled by a probe 12 measuring the temperature of the wall of the pipe 1.
  • the supply could of course be single-phase.
  • the voltage is generally kept below 100 volts.
  • the pipe is preferably made of stainless steel. With a pipe with an inside diameter of 18mm and an outside diameter of 20mm and a power supply of 32KW, i.e. 513 amps on 36.4 volts, a specific power of 12.1 W is obtained for a distance of 6mm between two supply flanges / cm2.
  • this section can be ovoid, oval or rectangular for example.
  • the surface of the pipe 1 in contact with the fluid to be heated may include fasteners, fins, spirals, etc. to promote the conduction of heat and the turbulence of the flow always in order to improve the conduction and thus achieve as homogeneous heating of the fluid as possible.
  • the supply flanges 4 can be provided with a distribution plate making it possible to increase their contact surface with the pipe 1.
  • each of these is provided with a pair of supply flanges 4 connected in series or in parallel to an electrical supply.
  • the heating device illustrated in FIGS. 4 to 7 comprises, for each straight portion of pipe, sections for the passage of the variable fluid, obtained by mechanical deformation of the pipes, for example its crushing of the pipe.
  • the rectilinear portion 1a of the pipe has a section which tapers from its ends towards its middle part.
  • the sections 15 of the pipe are circular, while in the center of this portion 1a, the section consists practically of a thin slot 16.
  • this reduction in section causes on the one hand the increase in speed circulation of the fluid and the decrease in the quality of the fluid treated per unit length of the pipe but also on the other hand, the heating surface remaining the same, an increase in the amount of heat transmitted to the fluids per unit mass of that -this.
  • the heating device has a flange 4 on the left at the start of the straight portion 1a and a second flange 4 in the center of this straight portion.
  • the pipe In the second part of the pipe, that is the downstream part of the device, the pipe is immersed in a cooling fluid circulating in an enclosure 17. In this way, the temperature of the product is lowered as illustrated in FIG. 7, part right.
  • the product may be subjected to a thermal shock of high temperature but of very short duration.
  • Figures 8 and 9 illustrate a variant of the device illustrated in Figures 1 to 3 in which a turbulator 20 is mounted in the pipe 1 in the upstream part of each straight portion 1a.
  • turbulators 20 can be static and include baffles 21, for example in the form of a helix inside the pipe forming a mixing of the product. Any kind of baffles or fins can be considered to obtain this mixing.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Instantaneous Water Boilers, Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses, And Control Of Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Control Of Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Pipe Accessories (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Heizvorrichtung für ein Fluidum, bestehend aus einem Rohr, das von diesem Fluidum durchflossen wird, wobei dieses Rohr mindestens einen elektrisch leitenden, geraden Abschnitt (1a) aufweist, durch den ein elektrischer Strom fliesst, der seine Erwärmung durch Joulesche Wärme und in der Folge die Erwärmung des Fluidums bewirkt, und aus Stromzuführungsflanschen (4), die auf dem benannten geraden Rohrabschnitt (1a) angebracht sind, wobei die Vorrichtung dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass der benannte gerade Abschnitt (1a) zwei Stromzuführungsflansche (4) aufweist, die so angebracht sind, dass die Entfernung eines der beiden Flansche (4) vom anderen Flansch so einstellbar ist, dass bei gegebener Eingangsleistung die vom Rohr abgegebene spezifische Leistung in Abhängigkeit von der Entfernung zwischen diesen Zuführungsflanschen (4) verändert werden kann.
  2. Vorrichtung gemäss Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jeder Stromzuführungsflansch (4) aus zwei Hälften (4a, 4b) besteht, die das Rohr umschliessen und durch Befestigungsorgane (5) aneinander und am Rohr festgezogen werden.
  3. Vorrichtung gemäss Anspruch 1 oder Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jeder Stromzuführungsflansch (4) eine Verteilerplatte aufweist, die seine Berührungsfläche mit der Rohroberfläche vergrössert.
  4. Vorrichtung gemäss einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die beiden Flansche (4) benachbarter Flanschpaare, die sich zu beiden Seiten eines Rohrknies (2) befinden, elektrisch miteinander verbunden sind.
  5. Vorrichtung gemäss einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie drei gerade Rohrabschnitte (1a) aufweist, deren jeder mit einem Paar von Stromanschlussflanschen (4) versehen ist, das an eine der Phasen einer dreiphasigen Stromversorgung (7, 8, 9) angeschlossen ist.
  6. Vorrichtung gemäss einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie wenigstens zwei gerade Rohrabschnitte (1a) aufweist, deren jeder mit einem Paar von Stromanschlussflanschen (4) versehen ist, die in Reihe oder in parallel an eine Stromversorgung (7) angeschlossen sind.
  7. Vorrichtung gemäss einem der Ansprüche 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Stromversorgung (7) eine Niederspannungsquelle (unter 100 V) ist.
  8. Vorrichtung gemäss Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichet, dass sie eine Ein-Aus-Regelung für die Stromzuführungsflansche (4) aufweist, die durch einen Regler (10) gesteuert wird, der wiederum durch einen Fühler (11) für die Temperatur des Fluidums gesteuert wird.
  9. Vorrichtung gemäss Anspruch (8), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie einen zweiten Temperaturfühler (12) aufweist, der die Rohrtemperatur erfasst und gleichfalls den Regler (10) steuert.
  10. Vorrichtung gemäss einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie um das Rohr herum eine dichte Kammer aufweist, die ebenfalls dem Transport von Fluidum dient.
  11. Vorrichtung gemäss einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Querschnitt des Rohres entlang seines oder seiner geraden Abschnitte (1a) veränderlich ist, während die Innenwandfläche in Berührung mit dem Gut konstant bleibt.
  12. Vorrichtung gemäss Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jeder gerade Rohrabschnitt (1a) einen kreisförmigen Querschnitt an seinen Enden und einen schlitzförmigen Querschnitt in seinem Mittelteil aufweist, was durch ein von den Enden in Richtung auf die Mitte zunehmendes Zusammendrücken des Abschnitts erreicht wird.
  13. Vorrichtung gemäss Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jeder gerade Rohrabschnitt einen Flansch (4) an einem Ende und einen zweiten Flansch (4) in seinem Mittelteil aufweist, so dass nur eine Hälfte des geraden Abschnitts einen elektrischen Heizstrom führt.
  14. Vorrichtung gemäss Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die andere Hälfte des geraden Abschnitts (1a), die keinen elektrischen Strom führt, durch einen Wärmetauscher gekühlt wird.
  15. Vorrichtung gemäss einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie zwischen zwei geraden Abschnitten (1a) einen Turbulenzerzeuger aufweist, der einen Temperaturausgleich im behandelten Gut hervorruft.
EP19910113717 1990-08-28 1991-08-16 Elektrischer Fluiderhitzer Expired - Lifetime EP0476311B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9010844 1990-08-28
FR9010844A FR2666474B1 (fr) 1990-08-28 1990-08-28 Dispositif pour le chauffage de fluides par effet joule.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0476311A1 EP0476311A1 (de) 1992-03-25
EP0476311B1 true EP0476311B1 (de) 1994-04-13

Family

ID=9399976

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19910113717 Expired - Lifetime EP0476311B1 (de) 1990-08-28 1991-08-16 Elektrischer Fluiderhitzer

Country Status (4)

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EP (1) EP0476311B1 (de)
DE (2) DE69101687T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2029781T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2666474B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19509772C1 (de) * 1995-03-17 1996-07-11 Draegerwerk Ag Elektrisch beheizter Wärmetauscher
US8039026B1 (en) 1997-07-28 2011-10-18 Johnson & Johnson Consumer Companies, Inc Methods for treating skin pigmentation
US8093293B2 (en) 1998-07-06 2012-01-10 Johnson & Johnson Consumer Companies, Inc. Methods for treating skin conditions
US8106094B2 (en) 1998-07-06 2012-01-31 Johnson & Johnson Consumer Companies, Inc. Compositions and methods for treating skin conditions
US7985404B1 (en) 1999-07-27 2011-07-26 Johnson & Johnson Consumer Companies, Inc. Reducing hair growth, hair follicle and hair shaft size and hair pigmentation
US7309688B2 (en) 2000-10-27 2007-12-18 Johnson & Johnson Consumer Companies Topical anti-cancer compositions and methods of use thereof
CA2311161C (fr) 2000-06-02 2003-12-30 Jean-Christian De Stoutz Procede de sterilisation mettant en oeuvre un echangeur tubulaire
US8431550B2 (en) 2000-10-27 2013-04-30 Johnson & Johnson Consumer Companies, Inc. Topical anti-cancer compositions and methods of use thereof
US7192615B2 (en) 2001-02-28 2007-03-20 J&J Consumer Companies, Inc. Compositions containing legume products
CN1333218C (zh) * 2002-06-03 2007-08-22 黄仲盘 液体加热装置
FR2910777B1 (fr) * 2006-12-21 2013-07-19 Revtech Procede de traitement thermique de materiaux pulverulents
US7846130B2 (en) * 2007-03-13 2010-12-07 Quality In Flow Ltd. Portable intravenous fluid heating system
PL3607803T3 (pl) * 2017-04-03 2021-08-23 Instaheat Ag Układ i sposób oporowego ogrzewania płynu
JP2023517831A (ja) * 2020-02-14 2023-04-27 ベーアーエスエフ・エスエー 単相交流電流でパイプライン中の流体を加熱する装置及び方法

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE270721C (de) *
GB609391A (en) * 1946-03-13 1948-09-30 John William Tills Improvements in or relating to apparatus for electrically heating continuously moving fluids
GB1168770A (en) * 1965-12-01 1969-10-29 Texas Instruments Inc Self-Regulating Heaters.
DE2355987A1 (de) * 1973-11-09 1975-05-15 Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co Kg Elektrische heizeinrichtung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69101687T2 (de) 1994-09-08
ES2029781T1 (es) 1992-10-01
EP0476311A1 (de) 1992-03-25
DE69101687D1 (de) 1994-05-19
ES2029781T3 (es) 1994-06-16
FR2666474A1 (fr) 1992-03-06
FR2666474B1 (fr) 1992-11-06
DE476311T1 (de) 1992-07-02

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