EP0471505B1 - Beschichteter Gegenstand - Google Patents

Beschichteter Gegenstand Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0471505B1
EP0471505B1 EP91307268A EP91307268A EP0471505B1 EP 0471505 B1 EP0471505 B1 EP 0471505B1 EP 91307268 A EP91307268 A EP 91307268A EP 91307268 A EP91307268 A EP 91307268A EP 0471505 B1 EP0471505 B1 EP 0471505B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coating
alloys
platinum
metals
glass
Prior art date
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP91307268A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0471505A3 (en
EP0471505A2 (de
Inventor
Duncan Roy Coupland
Andrew Robert Mccabe
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Johnson Matthey PLC
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Johnson Matthey PLC
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Priority claimed from GB909017639A external-priority patent/GB9017639D0/en
Application filed by Johnson Matthey PLC filed Critical Johnson Matthey PLC
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Publication of EP0471505A3 publication Critical patent/EP0471505A3/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C23C28/32—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer
    • C23C28/321—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer with at least one metal alloy layer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C23C28/32—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer
    • C23C28/322—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer only coatings of metal elements only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C23C28/32—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer
    • C23C28/324—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer with at least one metal matrix material layer comprising a mixture of at least two metals or metal phases or a metal-matrix material with hard embedded particles, e.g. WC-Me
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C23C28/34—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates
    • C23C28/345—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates with at least one oxide layer

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an article for use at high temperatures and in corrosive environments and in particular to a protected article. This invention also relates to a method of coating metallic substrates.
  • the glass industry has a particular need for materials which have both good stability at high temperatures and good corrosion resistance for the manufacture of apparatus that contacts molten glass.
  • apparatus examples of such apparatus are crucibles, stirrers, crown spinners, thermocouple sheaths, etc.
  • the difficulties encountered with apparatus which either contacts molten glass or the atmosphere above the molten glass are the high temperatures, of the order of 1000°-1600°C, the viscosity and abrasiveness of the molten glass and the reactivity of the glass itself.
  • Molten glass will attack, for example crucibles or containers in which it is held, and this attack is most pronounced at the glass line where the glass and air interface and the surface of the glass contacts the crucible or container wall.
  • Apparatus for use in the glass industry is often fabricated from transition or refractory metals or alloys such as nickel alloys or metals or alloys of molybdenum, tantalum, etc in order to provide apparatus with a reasonable time period in service.
  • Transition or refractory metals or alloys such as nickel alloys or metals or alloys of molybdenum, tantalum, etc.
  • Platinum group metals defined as ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium and platinum or alloys thereof have also been used as the material for such apparatus since these metals and alloys have good corrosion resistance to molten glass and good thermal stability.
  • platinum group metals is the high cost of the material itself.
  • apparatus is made with a metallic substrate that is coated or clad therewith, in particular with platinum.
  • the coating or cladding In order to provide effective protection the coating or cladding must be of sufficient thickness to protect the substrate for a service life of eg, 3-6 months. These coatings or claddings provide some protection and enable the service life to be increased.
  • the coating or cladding of platinum however does not prevent the major problem of diffusion of oxidants through to the substrate which results in corrosion of the substrate.
  • Gas turbine blades operate at high temperatures between 600°C and 1100°C and in corrosive environments.
  • a coating of ceramic applied to the blades provides some protection.
  • the ceramic coating does protect the blades from the high temperatures the ceramic coating suffers considerable corrosion.
  • Another disadvantage is the tendency for spalling to occur with the ceramic coating lifting from the blades and becoming detached.
  • FR-A-2084651 Societe Johnson Matthey & Co Ltd
  • FR-A-2084651 Societe Johnson Matthey & Co Ltd
  • US 3890456 discloses a method of coating a gas turbine engine component.
  • a substrate of a superalloy has three layers deposited on it.
  • the first layer is a rare earth and aluminium-containing alloy which is oxidised to increase adherence of the subsequently deposited noble metal second layer.
  • Each layer is sufficiently thin to allow oxygen to diffuse through to the first layer, oxidising it to form a third layer of aluminium oxide.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an article with improved corrosion resistance and heat stability which overcomes at least some of the disadvantages of the prior art, especially the problem of diffusion of oxidants through to the substrate.
  • the invention provides an article for use at high temperatures and in corrosive environments comprising a metallic substrate on which is deposited successively,
  • the invention further provides a method of making an article comprising applying, successively, to a metallic substrate a first coating of one or more metals or alloys, an optional second coating of a mixture of one or more ceramics and one or more metals or alloys, a third coating of one or more ceramics and a fourth coating of one or more platinum group metals or alloys thereof, and making the fourth coating substantially non-porous.
  • the invention further provides the use of an article of the invention in contact with molten glass or the atmosphere above molten glass.
  • references following to a metal or metals include an alloy or alloys of the metal or metals, unless otherwise indicated.
  • the metallic substrate is a metal that has some corrosion resistance and/or thermal stability at high temperatures such as refractory metals, eg nickel, molybdenum, tantalum, niobium or tungsten or an alloy of any of these.
  • refractory metals eg nickel, molybdenum, tantalum, niobium or tungsten or an alloy of any of these.
  • suitable alloys are high melting point intermetallics such as nickel aluminides, cobalt aluminides, tantalum aluminides, platinum group metal intermetallics etc.
  • the metallic substrate may have a surface oxide layer.
  • the metal of the first coating is preferably compatible with the ceramic of the second coating such that once the substrate is coated the ceramic is not degraded by the metal reacting with the ceramic.
  • the metal is preferably selected from metals that have one or more of the following characteristics; i) good corrosion resistance and good thermal stability, ii) good ductility and iii) thermal coefficient of expansion intermediate the thermal coefficient of expansion of the metallic substrate and the ceramic of the second coating.
  • the metal is such that the coating is formed with release of energy, preferably by formation of an intermetallic compound. Suitable metals are nickel-aluminium, nickel-chromium, palladium-aluminium, hafnium-aluminium, titanium, tantalum and palladium. Most preferred is an alloy of nickel 80wt% aluminium 20wt%.
  • the first coating may be deposited onto the substrate by known methods of application such as thermal spraying and in particular flame or vacuum- or air-plasma spraying.
  • the second coating comprises a mixture of one or more ceramics and one or more metals.
  • the ceramic consists essentially of at least one of alumina, magnesia, hafnia, thoria and zirconia. Most preferably the ceramic consists essentially of alumina.
  • the ceramic may include a minor amount of one or more yttria, silica, titania and calcia. Most preferably the ceramic is of high purity of the order of 99% purity.
  • the metal is preferably the same metal as that of the first coating.
  • the second coating has a composition in which the proportion of metal to ceramic decreases in gradations from that at the interface adjacent the first coating to that at the interface adjacent the third coating.
  • the second coating may be formed by thermal spraying, for example by vacuum- or air-plasma spraying and in particular the coating may be formed by the deposition of one or more layers.
  • a plurality of layers can be employed to form a step-wise gradation of the metal to ceramic ratio as mentioned above.
  • the third coating of ceramic preferably consists essentially of alumina. Suitable other materials for the third coating may be magnesia, hafnia, thoria or zirconia or a mixture thereof. Optionally the ceramic may include a minor amount of one or more of yttria, silica, titania and calcia. This coating may be deposited by thermal spraying and in particular by flame- or vacuum- or air-plasma spraying one or more layers.
  • the fourth coating is substantially non-porous and is chosen from platinum, an alloy of platinum, eg platinum with 5% gold, or zirconia grain stabilised (ZGS) platinum. Other platinum group metals may also be employed.
  • the coating may be deposited for example by flame- or vacuum- or air-plasma spraying, as a powder, or by plating. Preferably the coating is applied by thermal spraying and in particular by flame- or vacuum- or air-plasma spraying.
  • the coating can be made non-porous by after-treatment.
  • the after-treatment may comprise shot peening, melt glazing, hot isostatic pressing (hip) or cold isostatic pressing (cip).
  • the thickness of the fourth coating is typically, between 75 and 200 ⁇ m; however, there is no upper limit as to how thick the fourth coating may be. Preferably, the thickness of the fourth coating is at least 90 ⁇ m.
  • the article consists of the metallic substrate and the four specified coatings. However, in some cases, only the first, third and fourth coatings need be employed.
  • the article has an additional fifth coating between the third and fourth coatings, the fifth coating being a mixture of one or more ceramics and one or more platinum group metal or silver or gold or alloys thereof.
  • the ceramic consists essentially of alumina.
  • suitable ceramics may be magnesia, hafnia, thoria or zirconia or a mixture thereof.
  • the ceramic may include a minor amount of one or more of yttria, titania, silica and calcia. Most preferably the ceramic is of high purity, of the order of 99% purity.
  • the fifth coating has a composition in which the proportion of metal to ceramic increases in gradations from that at the interface with the third coating to that at the interface with the fourth coating.
  • the fifth coating may be formed by thermal spraying, for example by flame- or vacuum- or air-plasma spraying and in particular the coating may be formed by the deposition of one or more layers. A plurality of layers can be employed to form a step-wise gradation of the metal to ceramic ratio as mentioned above.
  • Figure 2 is a cross-section of an article according to the present invention.
  • a metallic substrate 10 has a first coating 11 of a metal or alloy, a second coating 12 of a mixture of one or more metals and alloys and of at least one ceramic, a third coating 13 of at least one ceramic and a fourth non-porous coating 14 of a platinum group metal or alloy thereof.
  • the proportion of metal or alloy to ceramic decreases from the interface with the first coating 11 to the interface with the third coating 13 as schematically depicted with '-' for metal or alloy of the first and second coatings and '+' for the ceramic of the second and third coatings.
  • Nicrobell A is the trade name of a Cr/Al/Ti/Y 2 O 3 /Fe alloy, produced by Nicrobell Pty Ltd.
  • Nicrobell X is the trade name of a Cr/Si/Mg/Ni alloy produced by Nicrobell Ptv Ltd.
  • a number of test samples of refractory alloys in the form of tubes were coated with a platinum coating of various thicknesses.
  • the platinum was deposited by means of a fused salt plating bath.
  • One of the samples, Nicrobell A with a platinum coating of 60 ⁇ m had been subjected to a preoxidation treatment so that the Nicrobell A substrate had a thin oxide layer on to which the platinum was applied.
  • the samples were tested by placing the sample in contact with molten bottle glass at a temperature of 1200°C for a period of time. Each sample was placed with one end in an alumina crucible and bottle glass powder added such that on heating the crucible to a temperature of 1200°C a portion of the sample is in contact with molten glass.
  • a number of tubes were fabricated from a commercial nickel-based alloy, nickel 75wt%, chromium 25wt%.
  • a first coating of nickel was applied thereto followed by a second coating of nickel and alumina formed by three layers having the Ni:Al 2 O 3 proportions 1:1, 1:3 and 1:9 respectively.
  • the third coating of alumina was applied as one or more layers.
  • the first, second and third coatings were applied using vacuum-plasma spraying.
  • Examples 1 to 4 were provided with a conductive surface by sputter deposition of 0.2 ⁇ m films of platinum in preparation for a fourth coating of platinum deposited by electro-deposition from a bath of composition disclosed in Example 1 of EP 0358375 A with 5-5.5g of platinum per litre.
  • Examples 1, 2 and 3 which are not embodiments of the invention, had an additional top coating of 0.2 ⁇ m of gold deposited by sputtering.
  • the fourth coating of Examples 5 to 8 was applied by a fused salt process.
  • Examples 9-12 had the fourth coating deposited by flame-spraying.
  • the Examples were tested for 300 hours by contacting with molten glass as described in Comparative Example A and the results are given in Tables 2, 3 and 4.
  • AGL, GL and BGL denote 'Above Glass Line', 'Glass Line' and 'Below Glass Line'.
  • Examples 1-12 demonstrate that the four-layer coating system is capable of protecting base metal substrate. However, very thin fourth coatings were largely ineffective below the glass line.
  • Example 13 comprised a closed end tube of Nicrobell A with a first coating of Ni 96wt% Al 4wt%, a second coating of nickel and alumina formed by three layers having Ni:Al 2 O 3 proportions of 1:1, 1:3 and 1:9, a third coating of alumina and a fourth coating of platinum of thickness 6.1 ⁇ m.
  • Comparative Example B was a tube of Nicrobell A with a first coating of Ni 96wt% Al 4wt%, a second coating of alumina graduated from low to high density and a third coating of platinum of thickness 4.8 ⁇ m.
  • a Nicrobell A closed end tube was coated with a first coating of alumina graduated from low to high density and a second coating of platinum, thickness 5.5 ⁇ m.
  • the coatings of Ni 96wt% Al 4wt%, alumina and nickel and alumina were applied by vacuum plasma spraying. After the surface was rendered conductive by sputter-deposition of a sub-micron film of platinum, the fourth coatings of platinum were deposited by electro-deposition from a bath of composition as described in Example 1 of EP 0358375 A with 5-5.5g of platinum per litre. These examples were tested for 300 hours by contacting the tubes with molten glass as described above in Comparative Example A and the results are given in Table 5 below.
  • the Nicrobell A alloy has the composition chromium 14wt%, silicon 1.4wt%, magnesium 0.25wt% and remainder nickel.
  • Examples 14 to 21 employed closed end tubes of Nicrobell A or Nicrobell C as substrates.
  • Nicrobell C is the trade name of an alloy of composition chromium 23.9wt%, silicon 1.75wt%, magnesium 0.15wt%, niobium 0.49wt% and remainder nickel, produced by Nicrobell Pty Ltd.
  • the composition of the first coating for these examples was nickel 80wt%, aluminium 20wt%.
  • the second coating of Ni 80wt% Al 20wt% and alumina was deposited as three layers with various proportions of Ni 80wt%, Al 20wt%: alumina. Details are given in Table 6 below. Between 4 and 30 layers of alumina were deposited to form the third coating.
  • the first, second and third coatings were deposited by vacuum plasma spraying.
  • the fourth layer of platinum was formed by flame-spraying followed by an after treatment of shot-peening to ensure the fourth coating was substantially non-porous.
  • Example 16 was not tested as cracks appeared prior to platinum coating. This was probably due to the thickness of the third coating which was formed from thirty layers of alumina. The results obtained for Examples 14, 15 and 20 with a second coating having the amount of metal decreasing from the interface with the first coating to the interface with the third coating are better than for Examples 17, 18, 19 and 21 where the proportion of metal to ceramic was the same through the thickness of the second coating.
  • Comparative Example D and Examples 22-24 employed substrates of Nicrobell C.
  • the first coat for each was nickel 80wt%, aluminium 20wt%.
  • Examples 22-24 employed second coats of Ni 80wt% Al 20wt% and alumina deposited in the ratios 1:1, 1:3 and 1:9, and third coats, of 8 layers of either alumina or zirconia.
  • Comparative Example D omitted coats 2 and 3.
  • the first, second and third coats were deposited by vacuum- plasma spraying.
  • the fourth layer of Pt or Pt/5wt% Au was flame-sprayed followed by shot peening to ensure that the fourth layer be substantially non-porous.
  • Examples 26-28 are components to be used in temperature measurement. They were manufactured using Nicrobell C substrates, for trials in an industrial glass bottle manufacturing plant. The coating system applied was identical to that for Example 23. The example components were placed in a forehearth containing flowing molten flint glass at a temperature which ranged from 1130-1160°C for varying times. The details are given below.
  • Example 28 After testing all Examples (26-28) were completely intact, no corrosion had occurred nor cracking on cooling.
  • the example components had been removed from the molten glass before cooling unlike the laboratory tests where the examples cooled in situ. The glass below the glass line had not adhered to the samples evenly. Some areas had been left completely free of glass. On cooling, particularly Example 28, the attatched glass cracked and fell away from the metal surface. The coating was concluded to have 'nonstick' characteristics. This is an added advantage reducing any cross-contamination and aiding recycling and examination of the components.
  • Examples 29-32 employed substrates of Nicrobell C.
  • the first coat was nickle 80wt%, aluminium 20wt%
  • the second coats were Ni 80wt%, Al 20wt% and alumina deposited in the ratios 1:1, 1:3 and 1:9.
  • the third coats were 8 layers of alumina.
  • the first, second, and third coats were deposited by vacuum plasma spraying.
  • the fourth layers, of Pt or Pt/5wt% Au were flame sprayed, with this coating in some cases being completed by deposition of ZGS Pt or Pt 5wt%Au. This was followed by shot peening to ensure that the outer metal coating be substantially non-porous.
  • the substrates employed in Examples 33-38 were selected from Nicrobell C and MA956 alloy closed end tubes.
  • MA956 is the trade name of an alloy of composition Fe 74wt%, Cr 20wt%, Al 4.5wt%, Ti 0.5wt% and Y 2 O 3 0.5wt% produced by Inco Alloys Ltd.
  • the first coat was nickel 80wt%, aluminium 20wt% or nickel 95.5wt%, aluminium 4.5wt%, deposited by vacuum-plasma spraying (VPS) and air-plasma spraying (APS) respectively.
  • VPS vacuum-plasma spraying
  • APS air-plasma spraying
  • the third layer was of alumina of thicknesses 120-245 ⁇ m.
  • the fourth layer of Pt was deposited and processed as per Examples 26-28.
  • the examples were tested in molten glass for 200 hrs at 1200°C, details presented below.
  • the thickness of the ceramic layers that have been quoted in all the previous examples are in layers.
  • An approximate converation factor is that one layer is equal to 20 ⁇ m.
  • the VPS examples without or with the barrier layer For the short duration no noticeable difference occured between the VPS examples without or with the barrier layer.
  • the APS examples indicate that as long as sufficient thickness of barrier layer is laid down, to offset the effect of increased porosity, protection is given.
  • Examples 35-36 indicate, iron based alloys, such as the corrosion resistant alloy MA956, can be given additonal protection for service in molten glass enviroment by application of a coating system according to this invention.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Gegenstand zur Verwendung in einer korrosiven Umgebung mit höherer Temperatur umfassend ein Metallsubstrat, auf dem nacheinander abgeschieden wurden:
    i) eine erste Beschichtung aus einem oder mehreren Metallen oder Legierungen,
    ii) gegebenenfalls eine zweite Beschichtung aus einer Mischung von einer oder mehreren Keramiken und einem oder mehreren Metallen oder Legierungen,
    iii) eine dritte Beschichtung aus einer oder mehreren Keramiken und
    iv) eine vierte Beschichtung aus einem oder mehreren Metallen der Platingruppe oder Legierungen davon, wobei die vierte Beschichtung im wesentlichen nicht porös ist.
  2. Gegenstand nach Anspruch 1, worin auf dem Metallsubstrat alle vier Beschichtungen abgeschieden wurden.
  3. Gegenstand nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, worin die erste Beschichtung aus einem Metall oder einer Legierung ist, die ausgewählt sind aus Nickel-Aluminium, Nickel-Chrom, Palladium-Aluminium, Hafnium-Aluminium, Titan, Tantal und Palladium.
  4. Gegenstand nach Anspruch 3, worin die erste Beschichtung eine Legierung aus 80 Gew.-% Nickel, 20 Gew.-% Aluminium ist.
  5. Gegenstand nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, worin die Keramik der zweiten und dritten Beschichtung Aluminiumoxid ist
  6. Gegenstand nach Anspruch 5, worin die Keramik eine Reinheit von 99% hat.
  7. Gegenstand nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, worin die zweite Beschichtung eine Zusammensetzung hat, in der das Verhältnis von Metall zu Keramik von der der zweiten Beschichtung benachbarten Grenzfläche hin abnimmt.
  8. Gegenstand nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, worin die vierte Beschichtung aus Platin oder einer Platinlegierung ist.
  9. Gegenstand nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, worin die vierte Beschichtung aus Platin ist.
  10. Verwendung eines Gegenstands nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche für den Kontakt mit geschmolzenem Glas oder mit der Atmosphäre oberhalb des geschmolzenen Glases.
  11. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Gegenstands nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9 umfassend, daß man aufeinanderfolgend auf ein Metallsubstrat eine erste Beschichtung aus einem oder mehreren Metallen oder Legierungen, gegebenenfalls eine zweite Beschichtung aus einer Mischung aus einer oder mehreren Keramiken und einem oder mehreren Metallen oder Legierungen, eine dritte Beschichtung aus einer oder mehreren Keramiken und eine vierte Beschichtung aus einem oder mehreren Metallen der Platingruppe oder Legierungen davon aufträgt und die vierte Beschichtung im wesentlichen nicht-porös macht.
EP91307268A 1990-08-11 1991-08-07 Beschichteter Gegenstand Expired - Lifetime EP0471505B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB909017639A GB9017639D0 (en) 1990-08-11 1990-08-11 Coated article
GB9017639 1990-08-11
AU89634/91A AU650928B2 (en) 1990-08-11 1991-12-11 Coated article

Publications (3)

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EP0471505A2 EP0471505A2 (de) 1992-02-19
EP0471505A3 EP0471505A3 (en) 1992-09-16
EP0471505B1 true EP0471505B1 (de) 1996-10-02

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EP (1) EP0471505B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH055188A (de)
AU (1) AU650928B2 (de)
DE (1) DE69122461T2 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19941610C1 (de) * 1999-09-01 2001-04-05 Heraeus Gmbh W C Bauteil zur Verwendung in Kontakt zu einer Glasschmelze

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EP0985745B1 (de) * 1998-09-08 2006-07-12 General Electric Company Haftbeschichtung für wärmedämmendes Beschichtungssystem
DE10040591C1 (de) 2000-08-15 2001-11-08 Heraeus Gmbh W C Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Beschichtung auf einem feuerfesten Bauteil und deren Verwendung
AU2003240444A1 (en) * 2002-03-15 2003-09-29 Schott Glas Method for treating a metal component, which comes into contact with molten glass, in addition to a metal component of this type
US6846261B2 (en) * 2002-09-06 2005-01-25 General Motors Corporation Planetary gearset with multi-layer coated sun gear
US6808816B2 (en) * 2002-09-13 2004-10-26 General Electric Company Method and coating system for reducing carbonaceous deposits on surfaces exposed to hydrocarbon fuels at elevated temperatures
DE102004050474A1 (de) 2004-10-16 2006-04-20 Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines mit einer Verschleißschutzbeschichtung beschichteten Bauteils
DE102005030266A1 (de) 2005-06-29 2007-01-18 Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh Schaufel einer Turbomaschine mit einer Schaufelspitzenpanzerung
CN115961283B (zh) * 2023-02-08 2024-06-25 重庆大学 一种合金表面用防护涂层的制备方法

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DE69122461D1 (de) 1996-11-07
AU650928B2 (en) 1994-07-07
DE69122461T2 (de) 1997-02-27
AU8963491A (en) 1993-06-24
EP0471505A3 (en) 1992-09-16
EP0471505A2 (de) 1992-02-19
JPH055188A (ja) 1993-01-14

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