EP0471060B1 - Verfahren und anlage zur zerkleinerung und zur trocknung von festbrennstoff - Google Patents

Verfahren und anlage zur zerkleinerung und zur trocknung von festbrennstoff Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0471060B1
EP0471060B1 EP91905840A EP91905840A EP0471060B1 EP 0471060 B1 EP0471060 B1 EP 0471060B1 EP 91905840 A EP91905840 A EP 91905840A EP 91905840 A EP91905840 A EP 91905840A EP 0471060 B1 EP0471060 B1 EP 0471060B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas
temperature
flow rate
fraction
drying
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91905840A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0471060A1 (de
Inventor
Daniel Fontanille
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Stein Industrie SA
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Stein Industrie SA
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Publication date
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K1/00—Preparation of lump or pulverulent fuel in readiness for delivery to combustion apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2221/00—Pretreatment or prehandling
    • F23N2221/08—Preheating the air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2225/00—Measuring
    • F23N2225/04—Measuring pressure
    • F23N2225/06—Measuring pressure for determining flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2225/00—Measuring
    • F23N2225/08—Measuring temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2237/00—Controlling
    • F23N2237/20—Controlling one or more bypass conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2239/00—Fuels
    • F23N2239/02—Solid fuels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/18—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to rate of flow of air or fuel

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for adjusting the operation of an apparatus for grinding a solid combustible material of variable moisture content and for drying this material, said apparatus being supplied with material by means of pre-drying means, in which has a gas supply whose temperature can be adjusted over a range, the supply gas being separated into two fractions, a fraction of the gas passing through the grinding apparatus and the other fraction of the gas being sent to the pre-drying means, the flow Q1 of the fraction of gas passing through the apparatus is adjusted in proportion to the flow Q c of the material to be ground, the fraction of gas passing through the pre-drying means being combined with the fraction of gas leaving the apparatus with the ground material and all the gas with the ground material being sent into the transport pipes, the temperature T of the gas and of the ma ground material in said transport pipes, the temperature of the supply gas is adjusted as a function of the difference between a fixed temperature T1 and the temperature T measured so that the measured temperature T approaches T1, the flow rate of the fraction gas Q2 supplying the pre-drying means being adjusted so that
  • the adjustment is provided for a combustible material having the highest degree of humidity which can normally be used in the boiler considered.
  • the flow in the outlet pipes must be at least equal to a minimum flow because below the ground material is no longer transported correctly. On the other hand, this flow cannot exceed a maximum flow because above the pipes are damaged by erosion.
  • the inventor has noted that there is an advantage, when the quantity of ground material is increased to the maximum possible, to regulate the flow rate of the fraction of pre-drying gas Q2 as low as possible.
  • the total gas flow rate Q A in the transport piping is equal to or very little greater than the minimum flow rate Q Am for as long as possible and then deviates from it as necessary by the smallest possible quantity.
  • the yield obtained is also increased and moreover combustion takes place with a reduced formation of nitrogen oxides.
  • the method according to the invention is characterized in that a temperature of the mixture of gas and ground material T2 is set lower than T1 and which can depend on the moisture content of the material and in that when the minimum gas flow does not not enough to reach the fixed temperature T2, with the temperature of the supply gas brought to the maximum of the range, the flow rate of the fraction of gas Q2 sent to the pre-drying means is increased by the quantity necessary to reach the temperature T2.
  • the invention also relates to a system for grinding a solid combustible material of variable moisture content and for drying this material, comprising a grinding and drying apparatus, material supply means, pre-drying means arranged at the following supply means and supplying the device with material, first means for injecting gas into the device, second means for injecting gas into the pre-drying means, means for supplying gas, said gas being separated into a first fraction feeding the first injection means and a second fraction feeding the second injection means, means for adjusting the temperature of the gas of the supply means in a given range, transport pipes supplied with the mixture of gas from the pre-drying means and gas with the ground material from the device, means for adjusting the first injection means for adjusting the flow rate of the fraction of gas Q1 passing through the apparatus in proportion to the quantity of material to be ground Q c , means for measuring the temperature T of the gas mixture of ground material in the transport pipes, means for adjusting the temperature of the gas of the means supply as a function of the difference between a fixed temperature T1 and the temperature T measured so that
  • FIG 1 shows schematically the whole system.
  • FIG. 2 represents the regulation of the air flow as a function of the coal flow according to the known method and devices.
  • FIG. 3 represents the regulation of the air flow as a function of the coal flow according to the method of the invention.
  • the rotary ball mill 1 rotates in pins 1A, 1B, at the same time ensuring the supply of coal and drying air.
  • Total air flow supply is measured by the flow meter 2.
  • the temperature T of the air charged with powdered carbon is measured at the outlet of the mill in the transport pipes 10 and 11 by the sensor 3.
  • the air flow Q1 introduced into the mill by its pins through the conduits 38A, 38B is regulated by valves 4A-4B with regulators 37 'with proportional-integral control.
  • regulators 37 ′ are controlled by the member 37 for displaying the load demand of the boiler supplied with ground coal.
  • a microprocessor 35 controlled by the indications of the sensor 3 through the minimum temperature 32 (proportional-integral control) and maximum 33 and minimum 34 air flow instructions, regulated by the valves 30 and 31 arranged on conduits 39, 40 the flow rate of the air fraction (bypass air) Q2 sent directly to the separators 8,9 through the mixing boxes 16-17.
  • the flow air fraction Q2 ensures in these boxes 16, 17 preheating and pre-drying of the material.
  • the supply air used for drying and transport is discharged by the fan 20.
  • a portion is heated in a heat exchanger 21 which at the same time ensures the heating of a fraction of secondary air discharged by the fan 20A and sent directly to the burners of the boiler hearth.
  • Another part is not heated and bypasses this exchanger by the conduit 23.
  • the respective flow rates of hot air and cold air are regulated by the valves 24 and 25, controlled by the microprocessor 36 with proportional-integral control with reference 36A temperature, controlled by the sensor 3 of the temperature of the air loaded with pulverulent coal at the outlet of the mill.
  • the cold and hot air flows are mixed in the pipe 26 provided with a closing valve 27.
  • the pipe 26 is separated into two pipes 28, 29, the pipe 28 separating into two pipes 38A and 39 and the conduit 29 separating into two conduits 38B and 40.
  • the coal to be ground, poured into the hoppers 12 and 13, is sent by the feeders 14 and 15 to the mixing boxes 16 and 17, where it is added with the fraction of air not introduced into the grinder arriving via the conduits 28 , 29. It flows towards the crusher through the pipes 18 and 19, then enters them through the pins 1A and 1B coaxially with the fraction of air introduced into it by the valves 4A, 4B controlled by regulators 37 'with proportional-integral action receiving an order from the member 37 for displaying the boiler load request, as indicated above.
  • the fraction of air charged with pulverized coal is evacuated from the grinder through the pins 1A and 1B, then after addition of the fraction of bypass air from the mixing boxes 16 and 17, via the conduits 6 and 7 to the separators 8 and 9.
  • the coal particles are divided there into coarse particles, which are recycled to the conduits 18, 19 supplying the mill, and into fine particles, which go to the burners of the boiler hearth.
  • the temperature of this outlet air is measured by the sensor 3 and transmitted to the microprocessor 36 for fixing the temperature setpoint and controlling the respective flow rates of the hot air and cold air fractions. by valves 24 and 25.
  • This temperature is also transmitted to the computer 32 to develop a control signal which is a function of the difference between the measured temperature and the setpoint displayed at 32A.
  • FIG. 2 represents the regulation of the air flow Q A , in the transport pipes 10, 11 as a function of the coal flow Q c .
  • the air flow Q1 (line segment OE, E being the abscissa point 100) passing through the mill is proportional to the coal flow.
  • the flow Q A must be equal to or greater than a minimum flow Q Am and not exceed a maximum flow Q AM .
  • the total flow rate Q A (equal to Q1 + Q2) as a function of Q c is a horizontal segment BC with ordinate Q Am and then an inclined segment CD, with the point D with ordinate Q AM and abscissa 100 (corresponding to the maximum flow rate of ground coal).
  • the air flow Q1 (PN) passing through the mill is determined by the chain 37, 37 'as a function of Q c .
  • the chain 32, 33, 34 does not exist.
  • the computer 35 controls the valves 31, 30 so that the quantity of bypass air Q2 is equal to PR so that the broken line BCD is always followed.
  • This line was chosen so that the temperature of the outlet air is equal to T1 for the wettest coal which it is possible to grind for the associated boiler, by sending the warmest supply air c that is to say with the valve 25 closed.
  • the outlet temperature T will increase the computer 36 on which the temperature T1 will be displayed at 36A will deliver a signal to open the cold air valve 24 and close the hot air valve 25 in order to d 'lower the temperature of the supply air so that the outlet air has a measured temperature which is equal to T1.
  • FIG. 3 represents the method according to the invention.
  • Q c Q A there is shown the broken line BCD which corresponds to the coal of maximum treatable humidity for the boiler considered.
  • the air flow through the mill as a function of Q c is always represented by the line segment OE.
  • the air flow rate Q1 passing through the mill is PN but only a quantity of air Q2 of pre-drying equal to PR 'which is less than PR must be added to it.
  • PR ' which is less than PR must be added to it.
  • the quantity Q2 is zero.
  • a temperature T2 lower than T1 is fixed which is applied to the input 32A of the computer 32, which lets the minimum signal pass. So if T is less than T2 is the signal corresponding to T which will pass, the instructions 33 and 34 ensure that the command sent to the computer 35 would not cause a flow rate Q A lower than the minimum flow rate Q Am or greater than the maximum flow rate Q AM . The flow rate Q A will increase until the temperature T2 which corresponds to the branch B'C 'is reached.
  • the computer 36 Since T1 is greater than T2, the computer 36 will open the hot air valve 24 as much as possible and close the cold air valve 25. This gives a supply air having the highest temperature in the range of adjustment and thanks to the computer 35 a minimum quantity Q2 (PR ') of this hot air is sent through the preheating means.
  • the CD segment is replaced by a broken line CC'D '.
  • the invention relates firstly to the adjustment of the operation of a grinding apparatus for fossil fuels, such as coal, but it also applies to the grinding of non-combustible materials, such as minerals.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Adjustment And Processing Of Grains (AREA)
  • Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)

Claims (2)

  1. Verfahren zur Regelung des Betriebs eines Mahlwerks (1) für feste Brennstoffe mit variablem Feuchtigkeitsgehalt und zur Trocknung dieser Stoffe, wobei das Mahlwerk (1) mit den Brennstoffen über Vortrockungsmittel (16, 17) gespeist wird, unter Verwendung einer Gasversorgung (20, 24, 25), deren Temperatur in einem Bereich geregelt werden kann, wobei das Gas in zwei Ströme aufgeteilt wird, nämlich einen Gasstrom, der durch das Mahlwerk (1) verläuft, und einen anderen Teilstrom, der zu den Vortrocknungsmitteln (16, 17) gesandt wird, wobei die Menge des Gasteilstroms Q₁ durch das Mahlwerk (1) proportional zur Menge Qc des zu mahlenden Brennstoffs eingeregelt wird und die Menge Q₂ des die Vortrockungsmittel (16, 17) durchströmenden Gases mit dem aus dem Mahlwerk (1) zusammen mit dem gemahlenen Gut austretenden Gasstrom Q₁ vereinigt wird und das gesamte Gas mit dem gemahlenen Gut in Transportschächte (10, 11) gesandt wird, wobei die Temperatur T des Gases und des gemahlenen Guts in den Transportschächten (10, 11) gemessen wird und die Temperatur des Speisegases abhängig vom Abstand zwischen einer festen Temperatur T₁ und der gemessenen Temperatur T so geregelt wird, daß die gemessene Temperatur T sich der Temperatur T₁ annähert, wobei die Gasmenge des die Vortrockungsmittel (16, 17) speisenden Teilstroms so geregelt ist, daß die Gesamtmenge des Gases QA in den Transportschächten (10, 11) zwischen einem Mindestwert QAm und einem Maximalwert QAM liegt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man eine Temperatur T₂ der Mischung aus Gas und gemahlenem Gut festlegt, die unter T₁ liegt, wobei T₂ vom Feuchtigkeitsgehalt des Brennstoffs abhängen kann, und daß im Fall, daß die Mindestgasmenge QAm nicht ausreicht, um die feste Temperatur T₂ zu erreichen, obwohl die Temperatur des Speisegases auf den Höchstwert des Regelbereichs gebracht ist, die Menge Q₂ des Gasteilstroms, der zu den Vortrockungsmitteln (16, 17) geschickt wird, um den Betrag vergrößert wird, der notwendig ist, um die Temperatur T₂ zu erreichen.
  2. System zum Mahlen eines festen Brennstoffs mit variablem Feuchtigkeitsgehalt und zum Trocknen dieses Brennstoffs, mit einem Mahlwerk (1) und Trockenmitteln, mit Speisemitteln (12, 13) für den Brennstoff, mit Vortrocknungsmitteln (16, 17), die hinter den Speisemitteln (12, 13) angeordnet sind und das Mahlwerk (1) mit Brennstoff versorgen, mit ersten Mitteln (38A, 38B) zum Einspeisen von Gas in das Mahlwerk (1), mit zweiten Mitteln (39, 40) zum Einspeisen von Gas in die Vortrocknungsmittel (16, 17), mit Gaszuführmitteln (20, 24, 25, 26), wobei das Gas in einem ersten den ersten Einspeisemitteln (38a, 38b) zugeführten Teilstrom und einem den zweiten Einspeisemitteln (39, 40) zugeführten Teilstrom aufgeteilt wird, mit Mitteln (36) zum Regeln der Temperatur des Speisegases (20, 24, 25, 26) in einem gegebenen Regelbereich, mit Transportschächten (10, 11), die von der Mischung des aus den Vortrocknungsmitteln (16, 17) kommenden Gases und des aus dem Mahlwerk (1) kommenden Gases mit dem gemahlenen Gut beschickt werden, mit Regelungsmitteln (4A, 4B) für die ersten Einspeisemittel (38A, 38B), um die Menge Q₁ des durch das Mahlwerk (1) strömenden Gasteilstroms proportional zur Menge Qc des zu mahlenden Brennstoffs einzuregeln, mit Meßmitteln (3) für die Temperatur T der Mischung aus gemahlenem Gut und Gas in den Transportschächten (10, 11), mit Regelungsmitteln (24, 25, 36) für die Temperatur des Gases der Speisemittel (20, 21) abhängig von der Differenz zwischen einer festen Temperatur T₁ und der gemessenen Temperatur T, derart, daß T sich T₁ annähert, mit Regelungsmitteln (35), die Ventile (30, 31) für die Steuerung des Durchsatzes der zweiten Einspeisemittel (39, 40), dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Regelungsmittel (35), die die Steuerventile (30, 31) steuern, einerseits von einem Signal gesteuert werden, das von der Differenz zwischen der von den Meßmitteln (3) gemessenen Temperatur T und einer Solltemperatur T₂ unterhalb T₁ abhängt, wobei T₂ abhängig von der Feuchtigkeit des Brennstoffs gewählt werden kann, wenn T unterhalb von T₂ liegt, so daß die Menge Q₂ des Gasteilstroms, der zu den Vortrocknungsmitteln (16, 17) gesandt wird, um die Menge vergrößert wird, die notwendig ist, um die Ausgangstemperatur T₂ zu erhalten, und andererseits durch Signale zur Begrenzung der Menge Q₂ des Gasteilstroms aufgrund des ersten Signals gesteuert werden, derart, daß die Gesamtgasmenge QA zwischen einem Höchstwert QAM und einem Mindestwert QAm bleibt.
EP91905840A 1990-03-06 1991-03-06 Verfahren und anlage zur zerkleinerung und zur trocknung von festbrennstoff Expired - Lifetime EP0471060B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9002804 1990-03-06
FR9002804 1990-03-06

Publications (2)

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EP0471060A1 EP0471060A1 (de) 1992-02-19
EP0471060B1 true EP0471060B1 (de) 1993-06-09

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EP91905840A Expired - Lifetime EP0471060B1 (de) 1990-03-06 1991-03-06 Verfahren und anlage zur zerkleinerung und zur trocknung von festbrennstoff

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US (1) US5191724A (de)
EP (1) EP0471060B1 (de)
JP (1) JP3003872B2 (de)
AT (1) ATE90440T1 (de)
DE (1) DE69100107T2 (de)
DK (1) DK0471060T3 (de)
ES (1) ES2041558T3 (de)
WO (1) WO1991014133A1 (de)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6226891B1 (en) * 1999-12-06 2001-05-08 Daniel R. Chapman Method and apparatus for drying iron ore pellets
JP7325948B2 (ja) * 2018-11-21 2023-08-15 三菱重工業株式会社 微粉炭機の微粉炭乾燥システム及びその微粉炭乾燥方法並びに微粉炭乾燥プログラム、微粉炭機、ガス化複合発電設備

Family Cites Families (8)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1118768A (fr) * 1953-12-01 1956-06-11 Combustion Eng Perfectionnements apportés aux dispositifs de contrôle et de réglage de l'alimentation des foyers de chaudières en charbon pulvérisé et en air comburant
DE1138994B (de) * 1958-08-22 1962-10-31 Hazemag Hartzerkleinerung Mahlanlage
US3189285A (en) * 1962-12-18 1965-06-15 Riley Stoker Corp Ball mill
US3273520A (en) * 1964-12-29 1966-09-20 Combustion Eng Method and apparatus for air temperature regulation
US3894344A (en) * 1974-01-22 1975-07-15 Dravo Corp Method and apparatus for drying materials in fixed beds
AT374491B (de) * 1982-01-20 1984-04-25 Voest Alpine Ag Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen trocknung und veredelung von organischen feststoffen wie z.b. braunkohlen
JPS60105819A (ja) * 1983-11-14 1985-06-11 Hitachi Ltd 空気予熱器制御方法
FR2591127B1 (fr) * 1985-12-11 1989-10-06 Stein Industrie Broyeur cylindrique rotatif pour la preparation d'un materiau pulverulent en deux qualites differentes.

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Title
Revue Alsthom, No. 1, 1985, G. Vergniol: "Un broyer unique par chaudière en chauffe directe", pages 31-40 *
VGB Kraftwerkstechnik, volume 67, no. 12, December 1987, W. Heitmüller et al.: "Rohrkugelmühlen für eine Steinkohlenstaubfeuerung mit direkter Einblasung", pages 1185-1192 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2041558T3 (es) 1993-11-16
EP0471060A1 (de) 1992-02-19
US5191724A (en) 1993-03-09
JP3003872B2 (ja) 2000-01-31
JPH04505652A (ja) 1992-10-01
WO1991014133A1 (fr) 1991-09-19
DE69100107D1 (de) 1993-07-15
DK0471060T3 (da) 1993-10-18
DE69100107T2 (de) 1993-09-16
ATE90440T1 (de) 1993-06-15

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