EP0468097B1 - Danger signal appliance - Google Patents
Danger signal appliance Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0468097B1 EP0468097B1 EP90124908A EP90124908A EP0468097B1 EP 0468097 B1 EP0468097 B1 EP 0468097B1 EP 90124908 A EP90124908 A EP 90124908A EP 90124908 A EP90124908 A EP 90124908A EP 0468097 B1 EP0468097 B1 EP 0468097B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- loop
- switches
- detector
- line
- wires
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B26/00—Alarm systems in which substations are interrogated in succession by a central station
- G08B26/005—Alarm systems in which substations are interrogated in succession by a central station with substations connected in series, e.g. cascade
Definitions
- the invention relates to a hazard detection system with chain synchronization, which works according to the principle of the pulse detection system, whereby in the course of a double line designed as a loop for forward and reverse operation and connected to a control center, a plurality of detectors, each blocking at least two in one direction but in both directions have conductive switches, are arranged, and these switches are inserted so that one can block for forward and one for reverse operation of the loop.
- the detectors of this alarm system each have two switches, both of which are arranged in one of the two wires of the double line, so that there is one on the right and one on the left of the connection between the detector and the wire.
- These are transistor switches that contain a technological substrate diode, so that they can only interrupt the line in one direction, namely the blocking direction of the diode, while in the other direction the diode conducts even when the transistor is blocking.
- the two transistor switches are arranged so that their respective substrate diodes have opposite polarities. They are driven together so that both transistors block or open, while only one of the diodes blocks and the other conducts. The path resistance of the conductive diodes is noticeable.
- the two cores of the double line can be influenced by external electromagnetic interference in such a way that line interference occurs.
- These external disturbances can originate, for example, from other lines routed in the same cable or can also result from external interference sources, such as, for example, from mobile radio devices or from fluorescent lamps. In any case, they lead to interference voltages on the two wires of the double line and overlap the useful signals in such a way that, in the worst case, the latter are no longer correctly recognized and transmission errors occur.
- these interference voltages are essentially the same in size and direction and their effect can be compensated for in a known manner by a symmetrical connection of the transmission devices. However, this possibility is reduced to the extent that the line symmetry is disturbed, be it by different resistances or lengths of the interconnected wires of the double line.
- the wires are always the same length with respect to the detector that is currently switched on, and the switch resistances in both wires are also approximately the same size.
- the requirement of four switches per detector now leads to a doubling of the switch resistance when switched on and also to an increase in costs.
- the object of the invention is to achieve an increase in immunity to interference in a hazard detection system with chain synchronization, which works on the principle of the pulse detector system, and in which the detectors are arranged in the course of a loop designed as a loop, without the disadvantages of an increase in costs and of the switch resistance on the line.
- the arrangement of the switches in a detector according to the invention considerably improves the line symmetry in the switched-through state compared to the arrangement with two switches in one wire known from EP 0 347 806, since in it only the difference in the switch resistances deteriorates the line symmetry, but not the sum, as in the known arrangement.
- the interference immunity is significantly improved, since even with conductive diodes only interference signals with a level that is greater than the kink voltage of the diodes.
- Another advantage of the arrangement of the switches in a detector according to the invention is that this detector can also be used in hazard detection systems without a loop arrangement, with swapping the terminals of one of the two wires ensuring that a switch is arranged in each wire in a known manner and by simultaneous actuation of both switches a high line symmetry is achieved.
- the detectors are arranged on the line in such a way that both the respective switches for forward operation and the respective switches for reverse operation of the loop are alternately in one of the two wires. This ensures that the maximum extent of the asymmetrical line section is limited to the line section between two detectors.
- Fig. 1 shows the structure of a detector according to the invention.
- the detector contains a measuring and control device MS, which is connected via the connections K and M to the double line consisting of the wires a and b.
- a capacitor C is charged via a diode D3 and supplies the measuring and control device MS with energy via the UV connection when there is no voltage on the double line.
- the detector is connected to the previous detector via terminals a11 and b11 and to the subsequent detector via terminals a12 and b12.
- a V-MOS transistor T2 with a substrate diode D2 is arranged as a switch between the terminal a11 and the terminal K.
- the diode D2 is contained in the transistor T2 for technological reasons and cannot be omitted.
- the V-MOS transistor T1 with its substrate diode D1 is arranged between the terminal M and the terminal b12.
- the transistors T1 and T2 are inserted in such a way that when the double line is operated from the left, only the transistor T1 can interrupt the line for subsequent detectors connected to terminals a12 and b12 and for operation of the double line only the transistor T2 from the right for detectors connected to terminals a11 and b11.
- two detectors are connected in series in the manner according to the invention, for example.
- the detector M2 following the detector M1 is connected in reverse to the detector M1, so that the terminals a12 and b12 of the detector M1 are connected to the terminals a22 and b22 of the detector M2.
Landscapes
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Alarm Systems (AREA)
- Cookers (AREA)
- Percussion Or Vibration Massage (AREA)
- Thermally Insulated Containers For Foods (AREA)
- Control Of Conveyors (AREA)
- Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)
- Emergency Lowering Means (AREA)
- Emergency Alarm Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Gefahrenmeldeanlage mit Kettensynchronisation, die nach dem Prinzip des Pulsmeldesystems arbeibeitet, wobei im Zuge einer als Schleife für Vorwärts- und Rückwärtsbetrieb ausgeführten und mit einer Zentrale verbundenen Doppelleitung eine Vielzahl von Meldern, die jeweils mindestens zwei nur in einer Richtung sperrende aber in beide Richtungen leitende Schalter aufweisen, angeordnet sind, und diese Schalter so eingefügt sind, daß einer für Vorwärts- und einer für Rückwärtsbetrieb der Schleife sperren kann.The invention relates to a hazard detection system with chain synchronization, which works according to the principle of the pulse detection system, whereby in the course of a double line designed as a loop for forward and reverse operation and connected to a control center, a plurality of detectors, each blocking at least two in one direction but in both directions have conductive switches, are arranged, and these switches are inserted so that one can block for forward and one for reverse operation of the loop.
Eine solche Gefahrenmeldeanlage ist bereits in der EP 0 347 806 beschrieben. Die Melder dieser Gefahrenmeldeanlage weisen jeweils zwei Schalter auf, die beide in einer der beiden Adern der Doppelleitung so angeordnet sind, daß sich je einer rechts und einer links der Verbindung des Melders mit der Ader befindet. Es handelt sich dabei um Transistorschalter, die eine technologisch bedingte Substratdiode enthalten, so daß sie nur in einer Richtung, nämlich der Sperrichtung der Diode, die Leitung unterbrechen können, während in der anderen Richtung die Diode auch bei sperrendem Transistor leitet. Die beiden Transistorschalter sind so angeordnet, daß ihre jeweiligen Substratdioden entgegengesetzte Polung haben. Sie werden zusammen angesteuert, so daß jeweils beide Transistoren sperren oder öffnen, während jeweils nur eine der Dioden sperrt und die andere leitet. Dabei macht sich der Bahnwiderstand der leitenden Dioden störend bemerkbar.Such a hazard alarm system has already been described in EP 0 347 806. The detectors of this alarm system each have two switches, both of which are arranged in one of the two wires of the double line, so that there is one on the right and one on the left of the connection between the detector and the wire. These are transistor switches that contain a technological substrate diode, so that they can only interrupt the line in one direction, namely the blocking direction of the diode, while in the other direction the diode conducts even when the transistor is blocking. The two transistor switches are arranged so that their respective substrate diodes have opposite polarities. They are driven together so that both transistors block or open, while only one of the diodes blocks and the other conducts. The path resistance of the conductive diodes is noticeable.
Durch äußere elektromagnetische Störungen können die beiden Adern der Doppelleitung so beeinflußt werden, daß dadurch Leitungsstörungen auftreten. Diese äußeren Störungen können z.B. von im gleichen Kabel geführten anderen Leitungen ausgehen oder auch von äußeren Störquellen herrühren, wie z.B. von Mobilfunkgeräten oder von Leuchtstofflampen. Sie führen in jedem Fall zu Störspannungen auf den beiden Adern der Doppelleitung und überlagern sich den Nutzsignalen derart, daß im ungünstigsten Fall letztere nicht mehr richtig erkannt werden und somit Übertragungsstörungen auftreten. Werden die beiden Adern in einem symmetrischen Kabel geführt, so sind diese Störspannungen nach Größe und Richtung im wesentlichen gleich und können in bekannter Weise durch eine symmetrische Anschaltung der Übertragungseinrichtungen in ihrer Wirkung kompensiert werden. Diese Möglichkeit wird jedoch in dem Maße reduziert, in dem die Leitungssymmetrie gestört ist, sei es durch unterschiedliche Widerstände oder Längen der durchgeschalteten Adern der Doppelleitung.The two cores of the double line can be influenced by external electromagnetic interference in such a way that line interference occurs. These external disturbances can originate, for example, from other lines routed in the same cable or can also result from external interference sources, such as, for example, from mobile radio devices or from fluorescent lamps. In any case, they lead to interference voltages on the two wires of the double line and overlap the useful signals in such a way that, in the worst case, the latter are no longer correctly recognized and transmission errors occur. If the two wires are routed in a symmetrical cable, these interference voltages are essentially the same in size and direction and their effect can be compensated for in a known manner by a symmetrical connection of the transmission devices. However, this possibility is reduced to the extent that the line symmetry is disturbed, be it by different resistances or lengths of the interconnected wires of the double line.
Bei einer Gefahrenmeldeanlage mit jeweils zwei Schaltern pro Melder in einer der Adern ist die Leitungssymmetrie erheblich gestört.In a hazard alarm system with two switches per detector in one of the wires, the line symmetry is considerably disturbed.
Für eine störsichere, als Schleife betreibbare Gefahrenmeldeanlage mit Kettensynchronisation, die nach dem Prinzip des Pulsmeldesystems arbeitet, müssen in beiden Adern der Doppelleitung jeweils zwei Schalter angeordnet werden. Zur Unterbrechung der Leitung werden dann, abhängig von der Betriebsrichtung, immer gleichzeitig je ein Schalter aus jeder Ader der Doppelleitung geöffnet.For a fail-safe, loop-operated hazard detection system with chain synchronization that works on the principle of the pulse detection system, two switches must be arranged in each of the two lines. To interrupt the line, depending on the operating direction, a switch from each wire of the double line is always opened at the same time.
Im Falle der Verwendung des bekannten Transistorschalters mit Substratdiode und gemeinsamer Ansteuerung jeweils der beiden in einer Ader liegenden Transistorschalter bedeutet das, daß alle vier Transistoren sperren aber nur je eine Diode in jeder der beiden Adern sperrt, während die anderen beiden Dioden leiten und somit die Verbindung des Melders zur Zentrale nicht unterbrechen aber durch ihren Bahnwiderstand geringfügig beeinträchtigen.In the case of the use of the known transistor switch with substrate diode and joint control of the two transistor switches located in one wire, this means that all four transistors block but only one diode in each of the two wires blocks, while the other two diodes conduct and thus the connection do not interrupt the detector to the control center but slightly impair it due to its rail resistance.
Dadurch sind die Adern bezüglich des gerade angeschalteten Melders immer gleich lang und auch die Schalterwiderstände sind in beiden Adern annähernd gleich groß. Allerdings führt das Erfordernis von nunmehr vier Schaltern pro Melder zu einer Verdopplung des Schalterwiderstands im durchgeschalteten Zustand und auch zu einer Erhöhung der Kosten.As a result, the wires are always the same length with respect to the detector that is currently switched on, and the switch resistances in both wires are also approximately the same size. However, the requirement of four switches per detector now leads to a doubling of the switch resistance when switched on and also to an increase in costs.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, bei einer Gefahrenmeldeanlage mit Kettensynchronisation, die nach dem Prinzip des Pulsmeldersystems arbeitet, und bei der die Melder im Zuge einer als Schleife ausgeführten Doppelleitung angeordnet sind, eine Erhöhung der Störsicherheit zu erreichen, ohne die Nachteile einer Erhöhung der Kosten und des Schalterwiderstands auf der Leitung in Kauf nehmen zu müssen.The object of the invention is to achieve an increase in immunity to interference in a hazard detection system with chain synchronization, which works on the principle of the pulse detector system, and in which the detectors are arranged in the course of a loop designed as a loop, without the disadvantages of an increase in costs and of the switch resistance on the line.
Die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung der Schalter in einem Melder verbessert die Leitungssymmetrie im durchgeschalteten Zustand gegenüber der aus der EP 0 347 806 bekannten Anordnung mit beiden Schaltern in einer Ader erheblich, da bei ihr nur die Differenz der Schalterwiderstände die Leitungssymmetrie verschlechtert, nicht aber die Summe, wie bei der bekannten Anordnung.The arrangement of the switches in a detector according to the invention considerably improves the line symmetry in the switched-through state compared to the arrangement with two switches in one wire known from EP 0 347 806, since in it only the difference in the switch resistances deteriorates the line symmetry, but not the sum, as in the known arrangement.
Aber auch im Falle, daß beide Transistoren sperren und jeweils eine der Dioden den für Vorwärts- oder Rückwärtsbetrieb der Schleife jeweils hinter dem Melder liegenden Teil der Leitung unterbricht, wird die Störsicherheit deutlich verbessert, da selbst bei leitenden Dioden nur Störsignale mit einem Pegel, der größer als die Knickspannung der Dioden ist, zur Zentrale gelangen.But even in the event that both transistors block and one of the diodes interrupts the part of the line behind the detector for forward or reverse operation of the loop, the interference immunity is significantly improved, since even with conductive diodes only interference signals with a level that is greater than the kink voltage of the diodes.
Ein weiterer Vorteil der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung der Schalter in einem Melder ist, daß dieser Melder auch in Gefahrenmeldeanlagen ohne Schleifenanordnung verwendet werden kann, wobei durch Vertauschen der Klemmen einer der beiden Adern erreicht wird, daß in bekannter Weise in jeder Ader ein Schalter angeordnet ist und durch gleichzeitiges Betätigen beider Schalter eine hohe Leitungssymmetrie erzielt wird.Another advantage of the arrangement of the switches in a detector according to the invention is that this detector can also be used in hazard detection systems without a loop arrangement, with swapping the terminals of one of the two wires ensuring that a switch is arranged in each wire in a known manner and by simultaneous actuation of both switches a high line symmetry is achieved.
In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung werden die Melder derart auf der Leitung angeordnet, daß sowohl die jeweiligen Schalter für Vorwärtsbetrieb als auch die jeweiligen Schalter für Rückwärtsbetrieb der Schleife abwechselnd in einer der beiden Adern sind. Dadurch wird erreicht, daß die maximale Ausdehnung des unsymmetrischen Leitungsstücks auf den Leitungsabschnitt zwischen zwei Meldern beschränkt ist.In a further embodiment of the invention, the detectors are arranged on the line in such a way that both the respective switches for forward operation and the respective switches for reverse operation of the loop are alternately in one of the two wires. This ensures that the maximum extent of the asymmetrical line section is limited to the line section between two detectors.
Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand der Zeichnungen kurz beschrieben. Es zeigen
- Fig. 1
- einen Melder mit der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung der Schalter,
- Fig. 2
- die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung der Melder auf der Doppelleitung.
- Fig. 1
- a detector with the arrangement of the switches according to the invention,
- Fig. 2
- the arrangement of the detectors according to the invention on the double line.
Fig. 1 zeigt den Aufbau eines erfindungsgemäßen Melders. Der Melder enthält eine Meß- und Steuereinrichtung MS, die über die Anschlüsse K und M mit der aus den Adern a und b bestehenden Doppelleitung verbunden ist. Ein Kondensator C wird über eine Diode D3 aufgeladen und versorgt die Meß- und Steuereinrichtung MS über den Anschluß UV mit Energie, wenn an der Doppelleitung keine Spannung anliegt. Der Melder wird über die Klemmen a11 und b11 mit dem vorangehenden Melder und über die Klemmen a12 und b12 mit dem nachfolgenden Melder verbunden. Zwischen der Klemme a11 und dem Anschluß K ist als Schalter ein V-MOS-Transistor T2 mit einer Substratdiode D2 angeordnet. Die Diode D2 ist technologisch bedingt im Transistor T2 enthalten und kann nicht weggelassen werden. Zwischen dem Anschluß M und der Klemme b12 ist der V-MOS-Transistor T1 mit seiner Substratdiode D1 angeordnet. Die Transistoren T1 und T2 sind so eingefügt, daß bei Betrieb der Doppelleitung von links her nur der Transistor T1 die Leitung für nachfolgende, an den Klemmen a12 und b12 angeschlossene Melder unterbrechen kann und für Betrieb der Doppelleitung von rechts her nur der Transistor T2 die Leitung für an die Klemmen a11 und b11 angeschlossene Melder unterbrechen kann.Fig. 1 shows the structure of a detector according to the invention. The detector contains a measuring and control device MS, which is connected via the connections K and M to the double line consisting of the wires a and b. A capacitor C is charged via a diode D3 and supplies the measuring and control device MS with energy via the UV connection when there is no voltage on the double line. The detector is connected to the previous detector via terminals a11 and b11 and to the subsequent detector via terminals a12 and b12. A V-MOS transistor T2 with a substrate diode D2 is arranged as a switch between the terminal a11 and the terminal K. The diode D2 is contained in the transistor T2 for technological reasons and cannot be omitted. The V-MOS transistor T1 with its substrate diode D1 is arranged between the terminal M and the terminal b12. The transistors T1 and T2 are inserted in such a way that when the double line is operated from the left, only the transistor T1 can interrupt the line for subsequent detectors connected to terminals a12 and b12 and for operation of the double line only the transistor T2 from the right for detectors connected to terminals a11 and b11.
In Fig. 2 sind beispielhaft zwei Melder in erfindungsgemäßer Weise hintereinander geschaltet. Der dem Melder M1 nachfolgende Melder M2 ist umgekehrt an den Melder M1 angeschlossen, so daß die Klemmen a12 und b12 des Melders M1 mit den Klemmen a22 und b22 des Melders M2 verbunden sind. Das bewirkt, daß bei Betrieb der Leitung von links her der Transistor T11 des Melders M1 und der Transistor T22 des Melders M2 die Leitung für rechts der jeweiligen Melder liegende folgende Melder unterbrechen kann, während bei Betrieb von rechts her der Transistor T12 des Melders M1 und der Transistor T21 des Melders M2 die Leitung für den jeweiligen Meldern vorangehende Melder unterbrechen kann.2, two detectors are connected in series in the manner according to the invention, for example. The detector M2 following the detector M1 is connected in reverse to the detector M1, so that the terminals a12 and b12 of the detector M1 are connected to the terminals a22 and b22 of the detector M2. This means that when the line is operated from the left, the transistor T11 of the detector M1 and the transistor T22 of the detector M2 can interrupt the line for subsequent detectors located on the right of the respective detectors. whereas when operating from the right, transistor T12 of detector M1 and transistor T21 of detector M2 can interrupt the line for previous detectors.
Claims (2)
- Danger signalling system with chain synchronization, which operates on the principle of the pulse-signalling indicator system, there being arranged along the length of a two-wire line (a, b), which is configured as a loop for forward and reverse operation and is connected to a central station, a multiplicity of signalling indicators, which in each case have at least two switches (T1, T2) blocking in only one direction but, in the switched-on state, conducting in both directions, and these switches (T1, T2) are inserted in such a way that one can block for forward operation of the loop and one can block for reverse operation of the loop, characterized in that in each signalling indicator (M1) there is arranged at least one switch (T1, T2) in each of the two wires (a, b) of the two-wire line.
- Danger signalling system according to Claim 1, characterized in that the signalling indicators (M1, M2) are arranged on the line in such a way that both the respective switches for forward operation (T11, T22) and the respective switches for reverse operation (T21, T12) of the loop are arranged alternately in one of the two wires (a, b).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4023765 | 1990-07-26 | ||
| DE4023765 | 1990-07-26 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0468097A2 EP0468097A2 (en) | 1992-01-29 |
| EP0468097A3 EP0468097A3 (en) | 1993-02-03 |
| EP0468097B1 true EP0468097B1 (en) | 1994-09-07 |
Family
ID=6411060
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP90124908A Expired - Lifetime EP0468097B1 (en) | 1990-07-26 | 1990-12-20 | Danger signal appliance |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0468097B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE111247T1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE59007077D1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2062281T3 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19800049A1 (en) * | 1998-01-02 | 1999-07-08 | Philips Patentverwaltung | Arrangement for transmitting data and / or energy with a separation unit |
| US7533517B2 (en) * | 2005-04-14 | 2009-05-19 | Snecma | Exhaust nozzle for an engine of a flying craft |
| DE102005037047B3 (en) | 2005-08-05 | 2006-12-28 | Novar Gmbh | Building control and hazard alert system, has bus substation circuit lying between parallely connected direct current connections of bridges and measuring voltage ratios and their polarity at alternating voltage inputs of bridges |
| US7535687B2 (en) | 2006-04-13 | 2009-05-19 | Ge Security, Inc. | Alarm system sensor topology apparatus and method |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0111178B1 (en) * | 1982-11-23 | 1987-10-28 | Cerberus Ag | Control device with several detectors connected in chain form to a signal line |
| DE3424294A1 (en) * | 1984-07-02 | 1986-01-09 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | Interrogation device for identification of the position of switches |
| DE3614692A1 (en) * | 1986-04-30 | 1987-11-05 | Nixdorf Computer Ag | DANGER REPORTING SYSTEM |
| ATE85719T1 (en) * | 1988-06-23 | 1993-02-15 | Siemens Ag | EMERGENCY ALERT SYSTEM. |
-
1990
- 1990-12-20 EP EP90124908A patent/EP0468097B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-12-20 AT AT90124908T patent/ATE111247T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-12-20 DE DE59007077T patent/DE59007077D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-12-20 ES ES90124908T patent/ES2062281T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE59007077D1 (en) | 1994-10-13 |
| EP0468097A3 (en) | 1993-02-03 |
| EP0468097A2 (en) | 1992-01-29 |
| ES2062281T3 (en) | 1994-12-16 |
| ATE111247T1 (en) | 1994-09-15 |
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