EP0466651B1 - Apparatus for exchanging railway rails - Google Patents

Apparatus for exchanging railway rails Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0466651B1
EP0466651B1 EP91810528A EP91810528A EP0466651B1 EP 0466651 B1 EP0466651 B1 EP 0466651B1 EP 91810528 A EP91810528 A EP 91810528A EP 91810528 A EP91810528 A EP 91810528A EP 0466651 B1 EP0466651 B1 EP 0466651B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
vehicle
rails
heating
welding
old
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP91810528A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0466651A1 (en
Inventor
Antoine Pascal Scheuchzer
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Scheuchzer SA
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Scheuchzer SA
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Publication date
Priority claimed from CH186891A external-priority patent/CH685779A5/en
Application filed by Scheuchzer SA filed Critical Scheuchzer SA
Publication of EP0466651A1 publication Critical patent/EP0466651A1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B29/00—Laying, rebuilding, or taking-up tracks; Tools or machines therefor
    • E01B29/16—Transporting, laying, removing, or replacing rails; Moving rails placed on sleepers in the track
    • E01B29/17—Lengths of rails assembled into strings, e.g. welded together
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B31/00—Working rails, sleepers, baseplates, or the like, in or on the line; Machines, tools, or auxiliary devices specially designed therefor
    • E01B31/02—Working rail or other metal track components on the spot
    • E01B31/18—Reconditioning or repairing worn or damaged parts on the spot, e.g. applying inlays, building-up rails by welding; Heating or cooling of parts on the spot, e.g. for reducing joint gaps, for hardening rails

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a train for replacing rail tracks according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • neutralization of the new rails.
  • the purpose of this neutralization is to fix the rails in a state of least expansion, either at a determined average temperature (for example 25 ° C.) when the neutralization takes place by heating the rails, or with a stretching of the rails corresponding to their expansion at this average temperature when the neutralization operation is carried out by stretching the rails. Thanks to the neutralization of the rails, the risks of breakage of said rails are considerably reduced in cold weather or of deformation in hot weather.
  • the heating of the new rails placed on the sleepers is generally done by means of air burners, which must be moved regularly on the track, the two rows of rails being treated simultaneously.
  • heating takes place in several passes from the free end of the long rails to the fixed point and back in the opposite direction.
  • the rails are slightly lifted from their supports to allow them to extend freely between the heating point and the free end of the long rails.
  • the fasteners must be tightened.
  • the temperature of the rails is measured using at least two magnet thermometers, and this measurement must last at least five minutes. However, such measurements do not give very accurate results.
  • Rail renewal trains such as those described in documents EP-B-4985 and EP-B-19984, are designed to replace not only the rails, but also the sleepers and the ballast, and do not include no installation to neutralize new rails.
  • the patent US-A-3896734 (cf. the preamble of claim 1) describes a train for the continuous laying of rows of rails, this train comprising a mobile device for heating or cooling the rails to keep them at the average ambient temperature during the mounting operation on the sleepers.
  • the present invention aims to create a train for the substitution and the mechanized neutralization of the rails.
  • the train according to the invention is characterized by the characterizing clause of claim 1.
  • the essential advantage of the invention is to allow, in a single process, both the substitution and the neutralization of the rails, and this in a mechanized manner, which provides considerable savings in time and labor.
  • the proposed continuous heating system also has the advantage of not requiring longitudinal transport of the treated rails: it is the substitution train which advances, while the new rails are only raised.
  • the heating as well as the temperature of the treated rails can be respectively controlled and measured much more easily and more precisely than in full track according to the current non-mechanized systems.
  • Another advantage of the invention is that during the heating of the new rails, the old rails are detached and released, which further saves time.
  • the invention makes it possible to replace and neutralize the rails at an average speed of the order of 300 m to 400 m per hour, during the few hours granted at night, therefore over approximately 1.5 to 2 km per night.
  • Figures 1 to 3 show in three successive parts the substitution and neutralization train with the welding vehicle and the heating vehicle.
  • FIGS. 1a to 3a are top views of the track to illustrate the positions of the old rails R1 and of the new rails R2 and their lateral displacement during the substitution, as well as some parts of the vehicles according to FIGS. 1 to 3.
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view of the tunnel alone for the vehicle 1 according to FIG. 2.
  • Figure 5 shows, in section, like Figure 4, a variant of the tunnel arrangement.
  • FIGS. 1 to 3 show, placed one after the other, a substitution train provided, in front of the heating vehicle 1, with a welding vehicle 80 for welding the new rails R2, before those - be neutralized.
  • the heating tunnels of vehicle 1 are short and are installed quite low, such that the path of the rails R2 is below the axles of the bogies, at a distance from the ballast of between 20 to 40 cm, preferably between 25 and 30 cm. Thanks to this arrangement, it is necessary to avoid having to lift the rails very high and above all above the axles, which facilitates the work and the guiding of the rails.
  • the vehicle 1 (FIG. 2) fitted with a front bogie 5 and a rear bogie 12 rolls on the old rails R1 and comprises a box 4 comprising a cabin 4a, compartments 4b for inverters which supply the inductors of each tunnel high-frequency heating, compartments 4c for the refrigeration units which cool the inductors, a tank 4d for the fuel oil, generator groups 4e which supply the inverters, as well as groups of capacitors 4f assigned to the inductors.
  • a box 4 comprising a cabin 4a, compartments 4b for inverters which supply the inductors of each tunnel high-frequency heating, compartments 4c for the refrigeration units which cool the inductors, a tank 4d for the fuel oil, generator groups 4e which supply the inverters, as well as groups of capacitors 4f assigned to the inductors.
  • the new R2 rails are gripped at the head of the vehicle 1 by gripping means 14 and placed on the guide rollers 64 fixed to the chassis of the vehicle and distributed along the latter in such a manner so that the new R2 rails can pass under the axles 5a, 12a and between the wheels of the bogies 5 and 12.
  • the heating tunnels are installed in the area of the rear end of the vehicle 1 in the middle of the track, in a common frame 36 ( Figure 4). In the case under consideration they are divided into two parts 15a, 15b fixed to the chassis 7, one located before and the other after the rear bogie 12.
  • the part 15a comprises two inductor units 76 each having a length of 1 m, and therefore is only 2 m in length, while the part 15b has only one inductor which is 1 m in length.
  • Each inductor 76 has the form of a coil with a turn and is connected to a group of capacitors, the oscillating circuit formed by this coil and these capacitors being supplied by inverters.
  • every part of the tunnel comprises two sections placed side by side, one for each row of rails, as shown in FIG. 4 for the parts 15a, 15a ', provided with inductors 76 surrounding the two rails R2.
  • each part of the tunnels can be provided with rollers 37a which rest and roll on the rails R2 passing this part, these rollers being installed before and after the inductors, respectively between the inductors.
  • the parts of the tunnels are suspended from the chassis 7 so that they are slightly movable relative to the chassis to allow them to adjust themselves.
  • the two sections 15a, 15a 'of the tunnel provided for each rail file are slightly spaced from each other, connected by a crosspiece 36a and suspended from the chassis 7 by jacks 7a which allow them to be lifted when walking high.
  • Each tunnel is provided not only with rollers 37a which rest on the rails R2, but also on either side of each rail, rollers 37b ensuring lateral guidance
  • stain removal stations are provided on two nacelles 16 suspended from the chassis 7; these nacelles are equipped with tools for dismantling the fasteners such as automatic spanners 18 and are provided with wheels 16a for rolling on the rails R1.
  • the vehicle 1 includes rail guides 29 for the old released R1 rails, a cantilever frame 38 carrying an adjustable support 31 provided with rail clamps 32 which lift the rails R1 (Figure 2) and spread them apart ( Figure 2a), as well as a track 39 rolling on the sleepers to prevent them from coming out of ballast when lifting R1 rails.
  • the frame 38 can be moved towards the interior of the vehicle thanks to the rollers 38a rolling on slides of the chassis 7.
  • the mounting vehicle 2 ( Figure 3) having the bogies 42 and 61 rolls on the new rails R2 which are placed in their correct position on the crosspieces at the front of the bogie 42.
  • the vehicle has at the head a frame 40 in overhang provided with an adjustable support 47 carrying rail clamps 48 to spread the rails R2 towards the fixing positions, as shown in FIG. 3a.
  • the frame 40 can be moved towards the interior of the vehicle thanks to the rollers 40a rolling on slides of the frame 52.
  • auxiliary heating tunnel 15c positioned at the head of said vehicle and covering from above the rails R2, as well as other rail clamps 69 for positioning these rails R2 on the sleepers T.
  • This auxiliary tunnel 15c only comes into operation in the event of work being interrupted, in order to heat the rails R2 already out of the tunnel 15a, 15b before they are fixed.
  • a link 36 'between vehicles 1 and 2 comprising an electric line and a cooling pipe is used to supply this part 15c of the tunnel.
  • the vehicle 2 further comprises front 70 and rear 71 cabins, a generator group 72, as well as mounting stations on the two nacelles 53. These nacelles are suspended from the chassis 52 and provided with tools for mounting the fasteners, in particular automatic spanners 54, as well as wheels 53a to roll on R2 rails.
  • the old rails R1 are guided by guide rollers 65 and deposited next to the track as shown in Figure 3a.
  • means 73 for picking up the fasteners removed by the stain removal stations of the vehicle 1 and deposited on the track. These fasteners are transported by conveyors 73a to storage places 74 and by conveyors 75 to the attachment stations on the nacelles 53.
  • a welding vehicle 80 (FIG. 1) rolls on the rails R1 to weld new rails R2 and, after having carried out a welding, advances to the place of the next welding.
  • This vehicle 80 comprises at the head a rail crane 81, a cabin 82 and, suspended from the chassis 80a, a flash-forging-welding unit 83, means 84 for positioning the rails to be welded as well as a grinding unit 85 for machining welds.
  • a generator group 86 At the rear is a generator group 86.
  • Guide rollers 87 suspended from the chassis guide the rails R2 before they are positioned by the means 84 and after welding.
  • the welding unit can occupy a rest position 83 ′ as shown in dotted lines in FIG. 1. Thanks to this vehicle 80, which works to a large extent automatically, the new rails R2 form a line seamless before passing the vehicle 2.
  • the means 84 and the units 83 and 85 are installed between the front and rear bogies; this arrangement allows good positioning and faster processing of the rails than with known welding devices.
  • each weld is approximately 1.5 to 2 minutes, the complete operation, including positioning and grinding as well as the advancement of vehicle 80 for approximately 18 minutes. If, for example, the rails are 108 m long, the train formed by vehicles 1 and 2 can move continuously at a speed of about 360 m / h.
  • small tracking carriages 90 comprising a small support placed between two crosspieces T and provided with rollers, on which the rails R2 can easily move in the longitudinal direction during their positioning. before welding and during welding as well until they are fixed.
  • the new rails R2 located in front of the welding vehicle 80 are placed on the small carriages 90 until they are taken up by the guide rollers 87 and, behind the vehicle 80, the rails are again posed on the carriages 90 until they are taken up by the guide rollers 64 of the vehicle 1.
  • These small carriages 90 can be stored on a support 88 at the head of the vehicle 80 and when they are no longer used once that the rails have been taken up by the guide rollers 64 of the vehicle 1, they can be deposited on a support 79 at the head of the vehicle 2. These carriages 90 are distributed at the front of the vehicle 1 by a laying carriage rolling on the old R1 rails.
  • a welding station for the first welding at the start of the work.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Machines For Laying And Maintaining Railways (AREA)
  • Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Platform Screen Doors And Railroad Systems (AREA)

Abstract

The new rails to be laid are heated continuously in order to be neutralized. For this purpose, they are raised and exposed to a source of heat in the form of two heating tunnels which are mounted on a vehicle running in a continuous manner on the old rails. Each heating tunnel is traversed by a stretch of new rail. Simultaneously, the old rails are detached from the sleepers, and, after the passage of the vehicle, are deposited along the track or are cleared away. The heating vehicle is followed by an assembly vehicle by means of which the new rails, brought to and maintained at the temperature of neutralization, are laid continuously on the sleepers and are fastened thereto. In front of the heating vehicle, there is provided, on the old track, a welding vehicle for welding the new rails.

Description

L'invention concerne un train de substitution des rails des voies de chemins de fer selon le préambule de la revendication 1.The invention relates to a train for replacing rail tracks according to the preamble of claim 1.

Jusqu'à aujourd'hui la substitution des rails seulement, en gardant les mêmes traverses, représentait un long travail qui s'effectuait en grande partie par des opérations manuelles et qui nécessitait beaucoup de temps. Pour substituer les rails, en effet, il faut tout d'abord que les anciens rails soient détachés des traverses, déplacés à côté de la voie et évacués. Puis les nouveaux rails, préalablement déposés le long de la voie, doivent être posés et attachés sur les traverses.Until now, replacing the rails only, keeping the same sleepers, was a long job which was carried out largely by manual operations and which required a lot of time. To replace the rails, in fact, it is first necessary that the old rails are detached from the sleepers, moved next to the track and evacuated. Then the new rails, previously deposited along the track, must be laid and attached to the sleepers.

Ensuite a lieu l'opération dite de "neutralisation" des nouveaux rails. Cette neutralisation a pour but de fixer les rails à un état de moindre dilatation, soit à une température moyenne déterminée (par exemple 25°C) lorsque la neutralisation a lieu par chauffage des rails, ou avec un étirement des rails correspondant à leur dilatation à cette température moyenne lorsque l'opération de neutralisation se fait par étirement des rails. Grâce à la neutralisation des rails, on diminue considérablement les risques de rupture desdits rails par temps froid ou de déformation par grandes chaleurs.Then takes place the operation called "neutralization" of the new rails. The purpose of this neutralization is to fix the rails in a state of least expansion, either at a determined average temperature (for example 25 ° C.) when the neutralization takes place by heating the rails, or with a stretching of the rails corresponding to their expansion at this average temperature when the neutralization operation is carried out by stretching the rails. Thanks to the neutralization of the rails, the risks of breakage of said rails are considerably reduced in cold weather or of deformation in hot weather.

Le chauffage des nouveaux rails posés sur les traverses se fait en général au moyen de brûleurs à air soufflé, qui doivent être déplacés régulièrement sur la voie, les deux files de rails étant traitées simultanément. En général, le chauffage s'effectue en plusieurs passes allant de l'extrémité libre des longs rails vers le point fixe et en revenant en sens inverse. Pendant le chauffage, les rails sont légèrement soulevés de leurs appuis pour leur permettre de s'allonger librement entre le point de chauffage et l'extrémité libre des longs rails. Aussitôt que l'allongement prescrit est obtenu, il faut procéder au resserrage des attaches. La mesure de la température des rails se fait à l'aide d'au moins deux thermomètres à aimant, et cette mesure doit durer cinq minutes au moins. Cependant, de telles mesures ne donnent pas des résultats très exacts.The heating of the new rails placed on the sleepers is generally done by means of air burners, which must be moved regularly on the track, the two rows of rails being treated simultaneously. In general, heating takes place in several passes from the free end of the long rails to the fixed point and back in the opposite direction. During the heating, the rails are slightly lifted from their supports to allow them to extend freely between the heating point and the free end of the long rails. As soon as the prescribed elongation is obtained, the fasteners must be tightened. The temperature of the rails is measured using at least two magnet thermometers, and this measurement must last at least five minutes. However, such measurements do not give very accurate results.

Toutes ces manipulations exécutées pas à pas, par portion de rails, rail après rail ou longue barre après longue barre, exigent beaucoup de temps. Jusqu'à l'heure actuelle, elles n'ont fait l'objet d'aucune mécanisation.All these manipulations carried out step by step, by portion of rails, rail after rail or long bar after long bar, require a lot of time. To date, they have not been mechanized.

Les trains de renouvellement des voies ferrées, comme par exemple ceux qui sont décrits dans les documents EP-B-4985 et EP-B-19984, sont conçus pour remplacer non seulement les rails, mais aussi les traverses et le ballast, et ne comportent aucune installation pour la neutralisation des nouveaux rails.Railway renewal trains, such as those described in documents EP-B-4985 and EP-B-19984, are designed to replace not only the rails, but also the sleepers and the ballast, and do not include no installation to neutralize new rails.

Le brevet US-A-3896734 (cf. le préambule de la revendication 1) décrit un train pour la pose en continu de files de rails, ce train comportant un dispositif mobile de chauffage ou de refroidissement des rails pour maintenir ceux-ci à la température ambiante moyenne pendant l'opération de montage sur les traverses.The patent US-A-3896734 (cf. the preamble of claim 1) describes a train for the continuous laying of rows of rails, this train comprising a mobile device for heating or cooling the rails to keep them at the average ambient temperature during the mounting operation on the sleepers.

La présente invention a pour but de créer un train pour la substitution et la neutralisation mécanisée des rails.The present invention aims to create a train for the substitution and the mechanized neutralization of the rails.

Pour atteindre ce but, le train selon l'invention est caractérisé par la clause caractérisante de la revendication 1.To achieve this object, the train according to the invention is characterized by the characterizing clause of claim 1.

L'avantage essentiel de l'invention est de permettre, en un seul processus, à la fois la substitution et la neutralisation des rails, et cela de manière mécanisée, ce qui procure de considérables gains de temps et de main-d'oeuvre.The essential advantage of the invention is to allow, in a single process, both the substitution and the neutralization of the rails, and this in a mechanized manner, which provides considerable savings in time and labor.

D'autres avantages de l'invention résultent du fait que l'opération de chauffage peut se faire facilement par induction à haute fréquence et a lieu en continu, alors que les nouveaux rails à chauffer ne se trouvent pas du tout logés dans les attaches des traverses. Ainsi dégagés de la voie, les nouveaux rails peuvent être plus facilement exposés à la source de chaleur. De plus, ils "flottent" librement, ce qui permet à la dilatation du métal de se faire sans contraintes. Le système de chauffage en continu proposé a en outre l'avantage de ne pas exiger de transport longitudinal des rails traités : c'est le train de substitution qui avance, alors que les nouveaux rails ne sont que soulevés. Le chauffage ainsi que la température des rails traités peuvent être respectivement contrôlé et mesuré beaucoup plus facilement et de manière plus exacte qu'en pleine voie selon les systèmes actuels non mécanisés. Un autre avantage de l'invention tient au fait que pendant le chauffage des nouveaux rails, les anciens rails sont détachés et libérés, ce qui fait encore gagner du temps.Other advantages of the invention result from the fact that the heating operation can be easily done by high frequency induction and takes place continuously, while the new rails to be heated are not at all housed in the clips of the sleepers. Thus released from the track, the new rails can be more easily exposed to the heat source. In addition, they "float" freely, which allows the metal to expand without constraints. The proposed continuous heating system also has the advantage of not requiring longitudinal transport of the treated rails: it is the substitution train which advances, while the new rails are only raised. The heating as well as the temperature of the treated rails can be respectively controlled and measured much more easily and more precisely than in full track according to the current non-mechanized systems. Another advantage of the invention is that during the heating of the new rails, the old rails are detached and released, which further saves time.

L'invention permet de substituer et de neutraliser les rails à une vitesse moyenne de l'ordre de 300 m à 400 m par heure, durant les quelques heures nocturnes accordées, donc sur environ 1,5 à 2 km par nuit.The invention makes it possible to replace and neutralize the rails at an average speed of the order of 300 m to 400 m per hour, during the few hours granted at night, therefore over approximately 1.5 to 2 km per night.

Des formes d'exécution préférables du train sont définies par les revendications 2 à 13.Preferable embodiments of the train are defined by claims 2 to 13.

L'invention sera décrite à l'aide d'une forme d'exécution du train en référence aux dessins annexés.The invention will be described using an embodiment of the train with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Les figures 1 à 3 montrent en trois parties successives le train de substitution et de neutralisation avec le véhicule de soudage et le véhicule de chauffage.Figures 1 to 3 show in three successive parts the substitution and neutralization train with the welding vehicle and the heating vehicle.

Les figures 1a à 3a sont des vues de dessus de la voie pour illustrer les positions des anciens rails R1 et des nouveaux rails R2 et leur déplacement latéral lors de la substitution, ainsi que quelques organes des véhicules selon les figures 1 à 3.FIGS. 1a to 3a are top views of the track to illustrate the positions of the old rails R1 and of the new rails R2 and their lateral displacement during the substitution, as well as some parts of the vehicles according to FIGS. 1 to 3.

La figure 4 est une vue agrandie et en coupe du tunnel seul pour le véhicule 1 selon la figure 2.FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view of the tunnel alone for the vehicle 1 according to FIG. 2.

La figure 5 montre, en coupe, comme la figure 4, une variante de l'arrangement du tunnel.Figure 5 shows, in section, like Figure 4, a variant of the tunnel arrangement.

Les figures 1 à 3 montrent, posées l'une à la suite de l'autre, un train de substitution muni, en avant du véhicule de chauffage 1, d'un véhicule de soudage 80 pour souder les nouveaux rails R2, avant que ceux-ci soient neutralisés. Les tunnels de chauffage du véhicule 1 sont courts et sont installés assez bas, tel que la trajectoire des rails R2 se trouve au-dessous des essieux des boggies, à une distance du ballast comprise entre 20 à 40 cm, de préférence entre 25 et 30 cm. Grâce à cette disposition, on évite de devoir soulever les rails très haut et surtout au-dessus des essieux, ce qui facilite le travail et le guidage des rails.FIGS. 1 to 3 show, placed one after the other, a substitution train provided, in front of the heating vehicle 1, with a welding vehicle 80 for welding the new rails R2, before those - be neutralized. The heating tunnels of vehicle 1 are short and are installed quite low, such that the path of the rails R2 is below the axles of the bogies, at a distance from the ballast of between 20 to 40 cm, preferably between 25 and 30 cm. Thanks to this arrangement, it is necessary to avoid having to lift the rails very high and above all above the axles, which facilitates the work and the guiding of the rails.

Le véhicule 1 (figure 2) muni d'un boggie avant 5 et d'un boggie arrière 12 roule sur les anciens rails R1 et comporte une caisse 4 comprenant une cabine 4a, des compartiments 4b pour des onduleurs qui alimentent les inducteurs de chaque tunnel de chauffage à haute fréquence, des compartiments 4c pour les groupes frigorifiques qui refroidissent les inducteurs, un réservoir 4d pour le mazout, des groupes générateurs 4e qui alimentent les onduleurs, ainsi que des groupes de condensateurs 4f attribués aux inducteurs. Les nouveaux rails R2, déposés préalablement au milieu de la voie, sont saisis à la tête du véhicule 1 par des moyens de préhension 14 et posés sur les rouleaux de guidage 64 fixés au châssis du véhicule et distribués le long de celui-ci de telle manière que les nouveaux rails R2 puissent passer au-dessous des essieux 5a, 12a et entre les roues des boggies 5 et 12.The vehicle 1 (FIG. 2) fitted with a front bogie 5 and a rear bogie 12 rolls on the old rails R1 and comprises a box 4 comprising a cabin 4a, compartments 4b for inverters which supply the inductors of each tunnel high-frequency heating, compartments 4c for the refrigeration units which cool the inductors, a tank 4d for the fuel oil, generator groups 4e which supply the inverters, as well as groups of capacitors 4f assigned to the inductors. The new R2 rails, previously deposited in the middle of the track, are gripped at the head of the vehicle 1 by gripping means 14 and placed on the guide rollers 64 fixed to the chassis of the vehicle and distributed along the latter in such a manner so that the new R2 rails can pass under the axles 5a, 12a and between the wheels of the bogies 5 and 12.

Les tunnels de chauffage sont installés dans la zone de l'extrémité arrière du véhicule 1 au milieu de la voie, dans un bâti commun 36 (figure 4). Dans le cas considéré ils sont divisés en deux parties 15a, 15b fixées au châssis 7, l'une située avant et l'autre après le boggie arrière 12. Pour le chauffage à haute fréquence, la partie 15a comporte deux unités d'inducteurs 76 ayant chacune une longueur de 1 m, et n'a donc que 2 m de longueur, tandis que la partie 15b ne comporte qu'un inducteur qui est de 1 m de longueur. Chaque inducteur 76 a la forme d'une bobine à une spire et est relié à un groupe de condensateurs, le circuit oscillant formé par cette bobine et ces condensateurs étant alimenté par des onduleurs. Grâce au peu de longueur du tunnel, les rails R2 n'ont pas besoin d'être guidés à l'intérieur du tunnel, mais peuvent le passer librement. Bien sûr, chaque partie du tunnel comprend deux sections placées côte à côte, une pour chaque file de rails, comme montré figure 4 pour les parties 15a, 15a', munies d'inducteurs 76 entourant les deux rails R2. Afin d'assurer un bon guidage centré, chaque partie des tunnels peut être munie de rouleaux 37a qui s'appuient et roulent sur les rails R2 passant cette partie, ces rouleaux étant installés avant et après les inducteurs, respectivement entre les inducteurs. Les parties des tunnels sont suspendues au chassis 7 de façon qu'elles soient un peu mobiles par rapport au chassis pour leur permettre de s'ajuster elles-mêmes.The heating tunnels are installed in the area of the rear end of the vehicle 1 in the middle of the track, in a common frame 36 (Figure 4). In the case under consideration they are divided into two parts 15a, 15b fixed to the chassis 7, one located before and the other after the rear bogie 12. For high frequency heating, the part 15a comprises two inductor units 76 each having a length of 1 m, and therefore is only 2 m in length, while the part 15b has only one inductor which is 1 m in length. Each inductor 76 has the form of a coil with a turn and is connected to a group of capacitors, the oscillating circuit formed by this coil and these capacitors being supplied by inverters. Due to the short length of the tunnel, the R2 rails do not need to be guided inside the tunnel, but can pass it freely. Of course, every part of the tunnel comprises two sections placed side by side, one for each row of rails, as shown in FIG. 4 for the parts 15a, 15a ', provided with inductors 76 surrounding the two rails R2. In order to ensure good centered guidance, each part of the tunnels can be provided with rollers 37a which rest and roll on the rails R2 passing this part, these rollers being installed before and after the inductors, respectively between the inductors. The parts of the tunnels are suspended from the chassis 7 so that they are slightly movable relative to the chassis to allow them to adjust themselves.

Selon la variante de la figure 5, les deux sections 15a, 15a' du tunnel prévues pour chaque file de rail sont un peu écartées l'une de l'autre, connectées par une traverse 36a et suspendues au châssis 7 par des vérins 7a qui permettent de les lever lors de la marche haut-le-pied. Chaque tunnel est muni non seulement de rouleaux 37a qui s'appuient sur les rails R2, mais aussi de part et d'autre de chaque rail, de galets 37b assurant le guidage latéral
Pour détacher les anciens rails R1, il est prévu des postes de détachage sur deux nacelles 16 suspendues au châssis 7; ces nacelles sont équipées d'outils de démontage des fixations comme des tirefonneuses automatiques 18 et sont munies de roues 16a pour rouler sur les rails R1.According to the variant of Figure 5, the two sections 15a, 15a 'of the tunnel provided for each rail file are slightly spaced from each other, connected by a crosspiece 36a and suspended from the chassis 7 by jacks 7a which allow them to be lifted when walking high. Each tunnel is provided not only with rollers 37a which rest on the rails R2, but also on either side of each rail, rollers 37b ensuring lateral guidance
To detach the old rails R1, stain removal stations are provided on two nacelles 16 suspended from the chassis 7; these nacelles are equipped with tools for dismantling the fasteners such as automatic spanners 18 and are provided with wheels 16a for rolling on the rails R1.

A l'arrière, le véhicule 1 comporte des guides-rails 29 pour les anciens rails R1 libérés, un cadre 38 en porte-à-faux portant un support 31 réglable muni de pinces à rails 32 qui lèvent les rails R1 (Figure 2) et les écartent (Figure 2a), ainsi qu'une chenille 39 roulant sur les traverses pour les empêcher de sortir du ballast lors du levage des rails R1. Le cadre 38 peut être déplacé vers l'intérieur du véhicule grâce aux rouleaux 38a roulant sur des glissières du châssis 7.At the rear, the vehicle 1 includes rail guides 29 for the old released R1 rails, a cantilever frame 38 carrying an adjustable support 31 provided with rail clamps 32 which lift the rails R1 (Figure 2) and spread them apart (Figure 2a), as well as a track 39 rolling on the sleepers to prevent them from coming out of ballast when lifting R1 rails. The frame 38 can be moved towards the interior of the vehicle thanks to the rollers 38a rolling on slides of the chassis 7.

Le véhicule de montage 2 (Figure 3) ayant les boggies 42 et 61 roule sur les nouveaux rails R2 qui sont posés dans leur position correcte sur les traverses à l'avant du boggie 42. Pour cela, le véhicule comporte à la tête un cadre 40 en porte-à-faux muni d'un support réglable 47 portant des pinces à rails 48 pour écarter les rails R2 vers les positions de fixation, comme le montre la figure 3a. Le cadre 40 peut être déplacé vers l'intérieur du véhicule grâce aux rouleaux 40a roulant sur des glissières du châssis 52.The mounting vehicle 2 (Figure 3) having the bogies 42 and 61 rolls on the new rails R2 which are placed in their correct position on the crosspieces at the front of the bogie 42. For this, the vehicle has at the head a frame 40 in overhang provided with an adjustable support 47 carrying rail clamps 48 to spread the rails R2 towards the fixing positions, as shown in FIG. 3a. The frame 40 can be moved towards the interior of the vehicle thanks to the rollers 40a rolling on slides of the frame 52.

Au-dessus du châssis 52 du véhicule 2 sont montés un tunnel de chauffage auxiliaire 15c, positionné en tête dudit véhicule et recouvrant depuis le haut les rails R2, ainsi que d'autres pinces à rails 69 pour le positionnement de ces rails R2 sur les traverses T. Ce tunnel auxiliaire 15c entre en fonction seulement en cas d'interruption des travaux, pour réchauffer les rails R2 déjà sortis du tunnel 15a, 15b avant leur fixation.Above the chassis 52 of vehicle 2 are mounted an auxiliary heating tunnel 15c, positioned at the head of said vehicle and covering from above the rails R2, as well as other rail clamps 69 for positioning these rails R2 on the sleepers T. This auxiliary tunnel 15c only comes into operation in the event of work being interrupted, in order to heat the rails R2 already out of the tunnel 15a, 15b before they are fixed.

Une liaison 36' entre les véhicules 1 et 2 comprenant une ligne électrique et une conduite de refroidissement sert à alimenter cette partie 15c du tunnel.A link 36 'between vehicles 1 and 2 comprising an electric line and a cooling pipe is used to supply this part 15c of the tunnel.

Le véhicule 2 comporte en outre des cabines avant 70 et arrière 71, un groupe générateur 72, ainsi que des postes de montage sur les deux nacelles 53. Ces nacelles sont suspendues au châssis 52 et munies d'outils pour le montage des fixations, notamment des tirefonneuses automatiques 54, ainsi que des roues 53a pour rouler sur les rails R2. Les anciens rails R1 sont guidés par des rouleaux de guidage 65 et déposés à côté de la voie comme le montre la Figure 3a.The vehicle 2 further comprises front 70 and rear 71 cabins, a generator group 72, as well as mounting stations on the two nacelles 53. These nacelles are suspended from the chassis 52 and provided with tools for mounting the fasteners, in particular automatic spanners 54, as well as wheels 53a to roll on R2 rails. The old rails R1 are guided by guide rollers 65 and deposited next to the track as shown in Figure 3a.

A la queue du véhicule 2 sont prévus des moyens 73 de ramassage des attaches démontées par les postes de détachage du véhicule 1 et déposées sur la voie. Ces attaches sont transportées par des convoyeurs 73a à des places de stockage 74 et par des convoyeurs 75 aux postes d'attachage sur les nacelles 53.At the tail of the vehicle 2 are provided means 73 for picking up the fasteners removed by the stain removal stations of the vehicle 1 and deposited on the track. These fasteners are transported by conveyors 73a to storage places 74 and by conveyors 75 to the attachment stations on the nacelles 53.

A l'avant du véhicule 1, un véhicule 80 de soudage (figure 1) roule sur les rails R1 pour souder des nouveaux rails R2 et, après avoir effectué un soudage, avance à l'endroit du prochain soudage. Ce véhicule 80 comporte à la tête une grue à rail 81, une cabine 82 et, suspendue au châssis 80a, une unité de soudage 83 par étincelage-forgeage, des moyens 84 pour le positionnement des rails à souder ainsi qu'une unité de meulage 85 pour l'usinage des soudures. A l'arrière se trouve un groupe générateur 86. Des rouleaux de guidage 87 suspendus au châssis guident les rails R2 avant leur positionnement par les moyens 84 et après le soudage. Si le véhicule 80 est hors service l'unité de soudage peut occuper une position de repos 83' comme représenté en pointillés sur la figure 1. Grâce à ce véhicule 80, qui travaille dans une grande mesure automatiquement, les nouveaux rails R2 forment une file sans joint avant de passer le véhicule 2. Comme montré figure 1, les moyens 84 ainsi que les unités 83 et 85 sont installés entre les boggies avant et arrière; cette disposition permet un bon positionnement et un traitement plus rapide des rails qu'avec des dispositifs de soudage connus.At the front of the vehicle 1, a welding vehicle 80 (FIG. 1) rolls on the rails R1 to weld new rails R2 and, after having carried out a welding, advances to the place of the next welding. This vehicle 80 comprises at the head a rail crane 81, a cabin 82 and, suspended from the chassis 80a, a flash-forging-welding unit 83, means 84 for positioning the rails to be welded as well as a grinding unit 85 for machining welds. At the rear is a generator group 86. Guide rollers 87 suspended from the chassis guide the rails R2 before they are positioned by the means 84 and after welding. If the vehicle 80 is out of service the welding unit can occupy a rest position 83 ′ as shown in dotted lines in FIG. 1. Thanks to this vehicle 80, which works to a large extent automatically, the new rails R2 form a line seamless before passing the vehicle 2. As shown in Figure 1, the means 84 and the units 83 and 85 are installed between the front and rear bogies; this arrangement allows good positioning and faster processing of the rails than with known welding devices.

La durée de chaque soudage est d'environ 1,5 à 2 minutes, l'opération complète, y compris le positionnement et le meulage ainsi que l'avancement du véhicule 80 durant environ 18 minutes. Si, par exemple, les rails ont une longueur de 108 m, le train formé des véhicules 1 et 2 peut avancer d'une manière continue à une vitesse de 360 m/h environ.The duration of each weld is approximately 1.5 to 2 minutes, the complete operation, including positioning and grinding as well as the advancement of vehicle 80 for approximately 18 minutes. If, for example, the rails are 108 m long, the train formed by vehicles 1 and 2 can move continuously at a speed of about 360 m / h.

Pour faciliter la manipulation des rails R2 ceux-ci sont posés sur des petits chariots de cheminement 90 comportant un petit support posé entre deux traverses T et muni de rouleaux, sur lesquels les rails R2 peuvent se déplacer facilement dans le sens longitudinal lors de leur positionnement avant le soudage et lors du soudage ainsi jusqu'à ce qu'ils soient fixes. Dans ce but les nouveaux rails R2 se trouvant devant le véhicule de soudage 80 sont placés sur les petits chariots 90 jusqu'à ce qu'ils soient repris par les rouleaux de guidage 87 et, derrière le véhicule 80, les rails se posent de nouveau sur les chariots 90 jusqu'à ce qu'ils soient repris par les rouleaux de guidage 64 du véhicule 1. Ces petits chariots 90 peuvent être stockés sur un support 88 à la tête du véhicule 80 et lorsqu'ils ne sont plus utilisés une fois que les rails ont été repris par les rouleaux de guidage 64 du véhicule 1, ils peuvent être déposés sur un support 79 à la tête du véhicule 2. Ces chariots 90 sont distribués à l'avant du véhicule 1 par un chariot de pose roulant sur les anciens rails R1.To facilitate handling of the rails R2, these are placed on small tracking carriages 90 comprising a small support placed between two crosspieces T and provided with rollers, on which the rails R2 can easily move in the longitudinal direction during their positioning. before welding and during welding as well until they are fixed. For this purpose the new rails R2 located in front of the welding vehicle 80 are placed on the small carriages 90 until they are taken up by the guide rollers 87 and, behind the vehicle 80, the rails are again posed on the carriages 90 until they are taken up by the guide rollers 64 of the vehicle 1. These small carriages 90 can be stored on a support 88 at the head of the vehicle 80 and when they are no longer used once that the rails have been taken up by the guide rollers 64 of the vehicle 1, they can be deposited on a support 79 at the head of the vehicle 2. These carriages 90 are distributed at the front of the vehicle 1 by a laying carriage rolling on the old R1 rails.

Il peut aussi être prévu à la tête du véhicule 2 un poste de soudage pour la première soudure au début des travaux.There may also be provided at the head of vehicle 2 a welding station for the first welding at the start of the work.

Claims (13)

  1. Train for the substitution of the rails of railway tracks composed of vehicles running on the old and the new rails and comprising :
    - a welding vehicle (80) provided with a welding unit (83) for welding the adjacent ends of the new rails (R2) in order to form continuous rail tracks,
    - a heating vehicle (1) provided with at least one heating device (15a, 15b) for each rail track for continuous heating the tracks of new rails (R2) for neutralising them during the progressive movement of the train and for controlling the temperature of these new rails (R2), said welding vehicle (80) and heating vehicle (1) running on the old rails, the welding vehicle (80) running in front of the heating vehicle (1), and
    - an assembly vehicle (2) running on the new rails at a distance from the heating vehicle (1), said distance being at least approximately constant, and comprising means for fastening to the sleepers the new rails (R2) brought to the desired temperature,
    characterized in that
    - said substitution train is composed of a welding vehicle (80), a heating vehicle (1) and an assembly vehicle (2),
    - the welding vehicle (80) is provided with means (84) for positioning the new rails to be welded (R2) which were previously transported on the working point between the old rails (R1) and is provided further with said welding unit (83), which can occupy a working position and a rest position in relation to the framework of the welding vehicle (80), and with a grinding unit (85), said means (84) and units (83, 85) being mounted between the leading and the rear bogies of said welding vehicle,
    - the heating vehicle (1) is provided with at least one heating device for each rail track, the heating device being composed of a heating tunnel with induction heating (15a, 15b) disposed between the old rails (R1) and mounted in such a way that the new rails (R2) to be heated pass under the axes (5a, 12a) and between the wheels of the heating vehicle, said heating vehicle comprising further means (14), at the front, for gripping the tracks of the new rails (R2) welded and positioned between the old rails (R1) to introduce them in said tunnels (15a, 15b), retractable platforms (16) between the bogies (5, 12), said platforms (16) being suspended on the framework (7) of said heating vehicle and comprising means (18) for releasing the old rails (R1), as well as (29, 31, 32) for gripping and guiding said old rails (R1),
    - the assembly vehicle (2) comprises at the front a cantilevered frame (40) supplied with means for guiding and for laying (47, 48) the new rails (R2), and retractable platforms (53) between the bogies (42, 61), these platforms being suspended on the framework (52) of said assembly vehicle and comprising said means for fastening the new rails (R2).
  2. Train according to claim 1, characterized in that the tunnel is located in the zone of the rear end of the heating vehicle (1) and is preferably divided in two parts (15a, 15b) disposed one in front of and the other behind the rear bogie (12) of this vehicle.
  3. Train according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that said tunnels (15a, 15b) are mounted in only one framework (36).
  4. Train according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that an auxiliary heating tunnel (15c) is installed at the front of the assembly vehicle (2).
  5. Train according to one of claim 1 to 4, characterized in that there is provided a cantilevered frame (38) at the rear of the heating vehicle (1), this frame carrying an adjustable support (31) provided with rail lifters (32) for guiding the old rails (R1).
  6. Train according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a tracked conveyor (39) running on the sleepers, in order to hinder them from going out of the ballast when the old rails (R1) are lifted up, is mounted at the rear of the heating vehicle (1).
  7. Train according to claims 5 and 6, characterized in that said tracked conveyor (39) is suspended from said cantilevered frame (38).
  8. Train according to one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that said cantilevered frames (38, 40) are displaceable towards the interior of the vehicle concerned.
  9. Train according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that said platforms (16, 53) are disposed in order to be able to run on the old and the new rails.
  10. Train according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that said platforms (16, 53) are provided with robot-machines (18, 54), preferably computer-controlled for the automatic detaching and the fastening, respectively, of the rail fixtures.
  11. Train according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that a transport system (73, 74, 75) is provided for the conveying of the fixtures, disassembled at the working stations of the heating vehicle (1), to the fastening stations of the assembly vehicle (2).
  12. Train according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that a station for welding the rails is provided at the front of the assembly vehicle (2).
  13. Train according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that each tunnel (15, 15a, 15b) is provided with support or guide rollers (37a, 37b).
EP91810528A 1990-07-13 1991-07-05 Apparatus for exchanging railway rails Expired - Lifetime EP0466651B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH2351/90 1990-07-13
CH235190 1990-07-13
CH1868/91 1991-06-25
CH186891A CH685779A5 (en) 1991-06-25 1991-06-25 Railway line replacement system

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0466651A1 EP0466651A1 (en) 1992-01-15
EP0466651B1 true EP0466651B1 (en) 1995-09-06

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EP91810528A Expired - Lifetime EP0466651B1 (en) 1990-07-13 1991-07-05 Apparatus for exchanging railway rails

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US (1) US5181472A (en)
EP (1) EP0466651B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH0579003A (en)
AT (1) ATE127557T1 (en)
CA (1) CA2046940A1 (en)
DE (1) DE69112729T2 (en)
DK (1) DK0466651T3 (en)

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Publication number Publication date
US5181472A (en) 1993-01-26
CA2046940A1 (en) 1992-01-14
DE69112729D1 (en) 1995-10-12
DE69112729T2 (en) 1996-05-02
DK0466651T3 (en) 1996-01-02
EP0466651A1 (en) 1992-01-15
JPH0579003A (en) 1993-03-30
ATE127557T1 (en) 1995-09-15

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