EP0466017A1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Warmziehen von extrudierten oder gezogenen Hohlkörpern - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Warmziehen von extrudierten oder gezogenen Hohlkörpern Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0466017A1
EP0466017A1 EP91111070A EP91111070A EP0466017A1 EP 0466017 A1 EP0466017 A1 EP 0466017A1 EP 91111070 A EP91111070 A EP 91111070A EP 91111070 A EP91111070 A EP 91111070A EP 0466017 A1 EP0466017 A1 EP 0466017A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plunger
temperature
accordance
heated
heating means
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP91111070A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0466017B1 (de
Inventor
Roberto Frattini
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Frattini Spa-Costruzioni Meccaniche
Original Assignee
Frattini Spa-Costruzioni Meccaniche
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Frattini Spa-Costruzioni Meccaniche filed Critical Frattini Spa-Costruzioni Meccaniche
Priority to AT91111070T priority Critical patent/ATE100361T1/de
Publication of EP0466017A1 publication Critical patent/EP0466017A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0466017B1 publication Critical patent/EP0466017B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C9/00—Cooling, heating or lubricating drawing material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C1/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, metal wire, metal rods, metal tubes by drawing
    • B21C1/16—Metal drawing by machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by other means than drums, e.g. by a longitudinally-moved carriage pulling or pushing the work or stock for making metal sheets, bars, or tubes
    • B21C1/22—Metal drawing by machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by other means than drums, e.g. by a longitudinally-moved carriage pulling or pushing the work or stock for making metal sheets, bars, or tubes specially adapted for making tubular articles
    • B21C1/24—Metal drawing by machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by other means than drums, e.g. by a longitudinally-moved carriage pulling or pushing the work or stock for making metal sheets, bars, or tubes specially adapted for making tubular articles by means of mandrels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C3/00—Profiling tools for metal drawing; Combinations of dies and mandrels
    • B21C3/16—Mandrels; Mounting or adjusting same
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C45/00—Separating mandrels from work or vice versa
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D51/00—Making hollow objects
    • B21D51/16—Making hollow objects characterised by the use of the objects
    • B21D51/36—Making hollow objects characterised by the use of the objects collapsible or like thin-walled tubes, e.g. for toothpaste

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for hot drawing hollow extruded or drawn aluminium bodies and equipment for application of said process.
  • the present invention relates to hot drawing of hollow aluminium bodies accomplished on drawing machines of the horizontal or vertical single-acting press type by forcing through an extruder of the extruded body fitted over a plunger.
  • the drawing process is a cold operation used for finishing and reducing the dimensions of the cross section of metal bars, wires, and tubes by plastic deformation of the material through stretching, utilizing the ductility of the metal.
  • the material is passed through the sized opening or extruder created in the tool and/or tools of the machine and having the profile and dimensions which it is desired to give to the cross section of the finished product.
  • the process of drawing a hollow body consists of passing said body through one or more extruders with decreasing diameter, pushed by a mandrel or plunger placed inside said body.
  • lubrication is very important and has the primary purpose of reducing friction in the forcing and possible seizure.
  • the extruded body has a constant inside diameter.
  • the outside diameter is variable, precisely larger at the mouth. This involves tapering of the outer wall toward the end of the body, i.e. a wall thickness which increases progressively on the outside as the mouth is approached.
  • the drawing process does not show particular disadvantages due to slipping along the inner surface of the extruded body.
  • the diameter of the latter is indeed slightly greater than the plunger and therefore the body lays downs thereon progressively starting from the bottom area up to the head.
  • the object of the present invention is to obviate the above shortcomings.
  • the present invention permits achieving said object by heating the hollow aluminium body when it passes through the drawing ring or extruder to not less than 90°C.
  • a first subject matter of the present invention is a process for drawing a hollow extruded or drawn aluminium body by forcing through a drawing ring pushed by a plunger or mandrel placed inside said hollow body, in which said hollow body is heated to not less than 90°C when it passes through the drawing ring.
  • the hollow body is heated to between 105°C and 140°C and preferably between 110°C and 125°C.
  • Another subject matter of the present invention is the drawing device for providing the process described above.
  • the drawing device comprises one or more toolholder bars in which there are alternately inserted or coupled the plungers or mandrels of different length and/or diameter and one or more drawing rings or extruders and in which each toolholder bar has an internal chamber extending longitudinally along said bar, with a heating means arranged in said chamber, and with longitudinal grooves made along the outer surface thereof, said grooves having a length at least equal to that of the chamber or of the heating means.
  • the heating means permits heating of the outer surface of the plunger, inserted in or coupled with the toolholder bar, to a temperature not less than 100°C and preferably between 115°C and 150°C.
  • the process of hot drawing hollow bodies, especially of aluminium, of the present invention achieves the basic result of excluding recourse to any kind of lubrication on the bodies subjected to the above operation on condition that said bodies upon passage in the drawing ring are heated to a temperature above 80°C and generally between 105°C and 140°C. Said heating of the hollow body takes place by the heat exchange effect with the plunger, whose outer surface is in contact with the intrados of each body during drawing and is continuously heated to a temperature not less than 100°C and preferably between 115°C and 150°C. Heating the bodies to this temperature regenerates the residual lubricant present on the surface thereof so that no further addition of lubricant is required.
  • the advantages achieved by the present invention are that the semifinished extrusions are drawn in the state in which they are found; there is no requirement for additional lubricating substances, which would have to be removed from the bodies and from the machine and disposed of.
  • the drawn bodies are also easy to separate from the plunger due to the effect of the expansion thereof which takes place due to the induced heating and also the effect of regeneration of the lubricating substances.
  • Said plunger can also be advantageously made of steel instead of special materials such as widia and the like, thus permitting considerable economies.
  • the process for drawing hollow bodies of the present invention is carried out in the presence of temperatures induced in the bodies by the plunger, on which said bodies are fitted automatically from time to time.
  • Heating of the plunger whose outer surface is heated to a temperature preferably between 115°C and 150°C, is transmitted to the semifinished body during drawing.
  • the lubricating substance in general zinc stearate or sodium stearate, originally spread on the aluminium pellet, has an optimal use temperature around 110°C and 125°C and is not exhausted completely in the extrusion operation.
  • the lubricating substance hence is already present on the surface of the body to be drawn and its effect is therefore utilized again and more completely due to the effect of the above mentioned heat exchange between the plunger and the body.
  • the average temperature of the extruded body before insertion of the plunger is around 35°C - 40°C while the temperature of the body after drawing reaches 95°C - 115°C as a consequence of the above mentioned heating.
  • FIG. 1 shows diagrammatically a unit of equipment specifically suited for application of the process described for hot drawing of hollow extruded aluminium bodies.
  • this unit calls for the use of electrical resistances or similar heating means inserted in a longitudinally extended chamber created inside the toolholder on the drawing machine.
  • the heating of the plungers be achieved homogeneously along the portion on which are fitted the extruded aluminium bodies to be drawn, i.e. the final section of the plunger.
  • the equipment unit is also the subject matter of the present invention and comprises a toolholder bar (10) to which are coupled or in which are inserted the plungers (12) with various dimensions depending on the diameter and/or length of the bodies. Inside the toolholder (10) is a longitudinally extended chamber (22) in which is inserted an electrical resistance (14) which heats the plunger (12) to the previously determined temperature.
  • a resistance (14) is preferred as a heating means the alternative use of other heating systems cannot be excluded, for example blown air, diathermic oils and the like, made to flow in said longitudinally extended chamber (22).
  • the outer wall of the toolholder (10) is advantageously provided with longitudinal grooves (16) of limited depth. Said grooves (16) have the function of creating a ventilation with redistribution of heat along the plunger (12) during drawing.
  • the hollow body (18) is fitted on the plunger (12) and removes therefrom by heat exchange a limited amount of heat. This does not take place along the exposed portion of the plunger (12).
  • the grooves (16) help keep a constant temperature over the entire surface of the plunger (12) thanks to the air circulation which continually redistributes the heat.
  • the presence of the grooves (16) also gives the further advantage of preventing the vacuum effect on the drawn body (18), i.e. the curling of said drawn body, at the time it is passing the undercut during removal.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 show diagrammatically the arrangement which the body (18) takes on the plunger (12) after drawing and during removal respectively.
  • FIG. 4 shows the limited play (24) on the order of a few hundredths of a millimetre which is formed immediately after drawing between the plunger (12) and the drawn body (18). This play is the effect of the thermal expansion on the body (18) following the heat exchange between the plunger (12) and the body.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates the easy removal of the drawn body (18) which, already tending to be mobile on the plunger (12), must only overcome the resistance offered by the undercut to be able to be withdrawn by the removal ring (20).
  • the regenerated lubricant and the ventilation mentioned above contribute substantially to easing said operation which requires no further specific provisions, especially not input of compressed air in the body (18).
  • the drawn bodies are also removed readily from the plunger thanks mainly to the thermal expansion thereon and the regeneration of the residual lubricant of the extrusion process.
  • the plunger for these reasons, is not subject to any particular wear and can thus be made of steel instead of special materials.
EP91111070A 1990-07-11 1991-07-04 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Warmziehen von extrudierten oder gezogenen Hohlkörpern Expired - Lifetime EP0466017B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT91111070T ATE100361T1 (de) 1990-07-11 1991-07-04 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum warmziehen von extrudierten oder gezogenen hohlkoerpern.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT2091690 1990-07-11
IT02091690A IT1246763B (it) 1990-07-11 1990-07-11 Procedimento di trafilatura a caldo, specie su corpi estrusi od imbutiti ottenuti in alluminio ed apparecchiatura per l'attuazione delprocedimento

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0466017A1 true EP0466017A1 (de) 1992-01-15
EP0466017B1 EP0466017B1 (de) 1994-01-19

Family

ID=11174042

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91111070A Expired - Lifetime EP0466017B1 (de) 1990-07-11 1991-07-04 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Warmziehen von extrudierten oder gezogenen Hohlkörpern

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0466017B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE100361T1 (de)
DE (1) DE69101035T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2050485T3 (de)
IT (1) IT1246763B (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5925628A (en) * 1997-03-31 1999-07-20 Genzyme Corporation Cationic amphiphiles for intracellular delivery of therapeutic molecules
US6468798B1 (en) 1991-12-17 2002-10-22 The Regents Of The University Of California Expression of cloned genes in the lung by aerosol and liposome-based delivery

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2208826B2 (de) * 1971-03-08 1974-01-10 Polytype Ag, Freiburg (Schweiz) Vorrichtung zum konischen Aufweiten zylindrischer Tuben
DE2733794A1 (de) * 1977-07-27 1979-02-15 Mepag Ag Verfahren zur herstellung konisch aufgeweiteter metalltuben
AT357755B (de) * 1978-11-27 1980-07-25 Mepag Ag Verfahren zum konischweiten von zylindrischen tuben
EP0098669A1 (de) * 1982-07-08 1984-01-18 CEBAL Verpackungen GmbH & Co. KG Verfahren zum Konifizieren von Tuben
DE3620309A1 (de) * 1986-06-18 1987-12-23 Hoell Karl Gmbh Co Kg Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von konischen laminate-tuben

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2208826B2 (de) * 1971-03-08 1974-01-10 Polytype Ag, Freiburg (Schweiz) Vorrichtung zum konischen Aufweiten zylindrischer Tuben
DE2733794A1 (de) * 1977-07-27 1979-02-15 Mepag Ag Verfahren zur herstellung konisch aufgeweiteter metalltuben
AT357755B (de) * 1978-11-27 1980-07-25 Mepag Ag Verfahren zum konischweiten von zylindrischen tuben
EP0098669A1 (de) * 1982-07-08 1984-01-18 CEBAL Verpackungen GmbH & Co. KG Verfahren zum Konifizieren von Tuben
DE3620309A1 (de) * 1986-06-18 1987-12-23 Hoell Karl Gmbh Co Kg Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von konischen laminate-tuben

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6468798B1 (en) 1991-12-17 2002-10-22 The Regents Of The University Of California Expression of cloned genes in the lung by aerosol and liposome-based delivery
US5925628A (en) * 1997-03-31 1999-07-20 Genzyme Corporation Cationic amphiphiles for intracellular delivery of therapeutic molecules

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0466017B1 (de) 1994-01-19
IT9020916A1 (it) 1992-01-11
ATE100361T1 (de) 1994-02-15
ES2050485T3 (es) 1994-05-16
DE69101035D1 (de) 1994-03-03
IT1246763B (it) 1994-11-26
DE69101035T2 (de) 1994-05-05
IT9020916A0 (it) 1990-07-11

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