EP0464505B1 - Longitudinal folding device - Google Patents

Longitudinal folding device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0464505B1
EP0464505B1 EP91110209A EP91110209A EP0464505B1 EP 0464505 B1 EP0464505 B1 EP 0464505B1 EP 91110209 A EP91110209 A EP 91110209A EP 91110209 A EP91110209 A EP 91110209A EP 0464505 B1 EP0464505 B1 EP 0464505B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
folding
spindle
longitudinal
rollers
levers
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP91110209A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0464505A1 (en
Inventor
Rudolf Stäb
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Albert Frankenthal AG
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Albert Frankenthal AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H45/00—Folding thin material
    • B65H45/12—Folding articles or webs with application of pressure to define or form crease lines
    • B65H45/18—Oscillating or reciprocating blade folders

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a longitudinal folding device according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a longitudinal folding device has become known from DE 28 37 392 A1.
  • This longitudinal folding devices is such. B. suitable to produce so-called symmetrical as well as asymmetrical folding products.
  • You then get a longitudinally folded paper strand with two parts of different widths left and right next to the longitudinal fold line ( funnel fold line).
  • the left part is e.g. 1/3 paper web width, the right part 2/3 paper web width.
  • the thus longitudinally folded paper web (s) is cross-folded cross-folded and then longitudinally folded in half in the longitudinal folding device, so-called "third fold” or "second longitudinal fold".
  • the result is a so-called asymmetrical product on a paper web which, after trimming on two edges, consists of four sides on one half and eight sides on the other side.
  • a folding device can be found in DE-AS 12 31 723, in which both folding rollers are each arranged on a pivotable carrying lever. A sliding rod with two inclined surfaces is provided to generate a pivoting movement of the two carrying levers. This enables a simultaneous adjustment of both folding rollers. However, in contrast to the subject of the patent, both folding rollers are moved the same way in the opposite direction. This folding device is therefore only suitable for being able to make a symmetrical folding gap setting.
  • the section to be longitudinally folded is provided with a water track, pre-perforated or grooved along the intended longitudinal fold line.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a longitudinal folding device for so-called asymmetrical, ie. H. to create a different number of sheets with signatures to the left and right of the fold line.
  • the longitudinal folding device 1 essentially consists of a base part 2 and a carrier slide 3 placed on the base part 2.
  • the base part 2 stands on the floor.
  • Folded rollers 4, 6, a multi-part compartment 7 and driven conveyor belts 8, 9 are arranged on it in a known manner.
  • a strongly reduced, reversible direction of rotation geared motor 11 is flanged to the base part 2, one end of which is designed as a free threaded spindle 12 with a small pitch.
  • the base part 2 can also be arranged so as to be laterally displaceable in order to set an over or under fold. Especially when the funnel tip is firm and products of different widths are processed from order to order.
  • the carrier slide 3 is placed on the base part 2. It is horizontally displaceable along dovetail guides, not shown, at right angles to the longitudinal axes of the folding rollers 4 and 6.
  • a front wall 13 continues downward in a compact extension 14.
  • This approach 14 is provided with a continuous threaded bore in which the threaded spindle 12 engages.
  • a folding knife 16, a double-armed drive lever 17 for moving the folding knife 16 up and down and a spindle 18 as pivot axis for the folding knife 16 are arranged between the front wall 13 and the rear wall 15 and fastened in / on them, as well as a compression spring 19 or torsion bar spring, which is clamped between the right end 21 of the drive lever 17 and a support 22 fixed to the frame and a driven cam plate 23 against which the right end 21 of the drive lever 17 is pressed via a cam roller 25.
  • the folding knife 16 is rigidly attached to the left end 24 of the drive lever 17.
  • the upper part 5 is not slidably connected to the base part 2.
  • the base part 2, which can also be arranged to be completely displaceable if the upper part 5 cannot be displaced has in approximately its center a downwardly and laterally closed, downwardly directed receptacle 27, which is firmly connected to the base part 2.
  • On a bottom surface 28 of the receptacle 27 is a U-shaped slide 29 in a guide z. B.
  • dovetail guide horizontally displaceable in the direction of the left and right side walls 31, 32.
  • the folding rollers 4 and 6 are rotatably mounted in the carriage 29, their distance from one another can be changed symmetrically within certain limits in a known manner or as shown and described in FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • a horizontal leg of an L-piece 33 is attached to a right side surface of the slide 29.
  • a vertical leg 34 of the L-piece 33 is provided with a continuous threaded bore into which an external thread of a free shaft end 36 of a strongly reduced gear motor 37 which can be driven in two directions of rotation engages.
  • the geared motor 37 is flanged to a right side wall of the receptacle 27.
  • two spindles 39; 41 spaced apart, arranged parallel to each other and at the same height. Their ends are rotatably supported in bearings in the front or rear wall.
  • two folding roller support arms On each of the two spindles 39; 41 are near each inner side of the front and rear wall, two folding roller support arms, hereinafter referred to as support arms 42, 43 and 44, 46, pivotally, but not axially displaceable.
  • the support arms 42, 43, 44, 46 are designed as double-armed levers, the axes of rotation of which coincide with the longitudinal axis of the spindle 39 and 41, respectively.
  • the description below only applies to the front, i.e. H. two support arms 42, 43 arranged in the vicinity of the front wall.
  • actuating devices which can be actuated separately from one another are provided, as in the example. However, they can also be connected to one another via a gear and then adjusted together.
  • Lower ends 47, 48 of the support arms 42, 43 are provided with a through bore 49; 51 provided. These bores 49, 51 are perpendicular to the bores of their support arms 42, 43 in which the spindles 39, 41 are mounted.
  • At the upper end 52, 53 of the support arms 42, 43 are two folding rollers 57; 58 rotatably supported in bearings.
  • the lower ends 47, 48 of the support arms 42, 43 continue in an outward extension 59, 61 in the form of a cage for a roll.
  • the extension 59, 61 for the lower end 47, 48 of the support arms 42 each form a slide shoe.
  • the extension 59, 61 each consists of a base 62 with a semicircular depression 63.
  • the base 62 has a through hole at its lowest point.
  • a cage 64 is pushed onto the base 62 and screwed onto the lower end 47 or 48 of the support arms 42, 43.
  • the interior of the cage 64 is also convex-semicircular and has a continuous, enlarged bore at its lowest point.
  • the depressions 63 and the semicircular ones Parts 66 of the cages 64 each receive a roller 67 or 68 movably.
  • the rollers 67 and 68 are made of metal and have a continuous transverse threaded hole.
  • the roller 67 is mounted in the left extension 59, the roller 68 in the right extension 61.
  • the threaded bore of the roller 67 has a left-hand thread
  • the threaded bore of the roller 68 has a right-hand thread.
  • Both rollers 67, 68 are flattened laterally, parallel to the threaded bore.
  • a threaded spindle 69 is arranged to engage in the threaded bores of the two rollers 67, 68. It has a left external thread piece 71 in its central part and a right external thread piece 72 at a distance from it.
  • the external thread piece 71 has a left-hand thread
  • the external thread piece 72 has a right-hand thread.
  • External thread piece 71 is in engagement with the internal thread of left roller 67
  • external thread piece 72 is in engagement with the internal thread of right roller 68.
  • the threaded spindle 69 is in each case in the vicinity of its smooth ends 73, 74 in bearing blocks 76; 77 rotatably and slidably mounted.
  • the bearing blocks 76, 77 are attached to side frames 78, 79.
  • the right, smooth end 74 of the spindle 69 through a threaded bore 81 U-shaped bracket 82 out.
  • the bracket 82 is screwed onto the right side frame 79 on the outside.
  • a bushing 83 with an external thread is screwed into the threaded bore 81.
  • the socket 83 is provided on the right with an externally unthreaded collar 80 to which an actuating lever 85 is attached.
  • the right, smooth end 74 of the spindle 69 is guided through a smooth inner bore of the bushing 83.
  • the outer diameter of the end 74 is somewhat smaller than the inner diameter of the through bore of the bushing 83.
  • the part of the bushing 83 which is threaded is longer by the required travel distances than the thickness of the bracket 82 at the point of the threaded bore.
  • a thin disk 84, 86 is threaded onto the end 74 of the spindle 69.
  • a ring 87 is adjacent to the disks 84 and 86; 88 arranged on the spindle 69 and positively connected to it, for. B. pinned.
  • the bushing 83 is provided in the area of half its length around its circumference with a plurality of index grooves that are approximately the length of travel and are regularly distributed around their circumference.
  • One or more index bolts 91 which are fixed to the frame engage in the index grooves and are each inserted into a continuous bore 89 with a partial thread in the bracket 82.
  • the spacing of the index grooves are chosen so that a rotation of the socket 83 by means of the adjusting lever 85 from index groove to index groove an adjustment of the two folding rollers 57, 58 z. B. by 0.04 mm asymmetrical to a fold line 92 means.
  • a handwheel 93 is provided for rotating the spindle 69 clockwise or counterclockwise.
  • the handwheel 93 can be provided with a commercially available mechanical position indicator, on which the adjustment can be read.
  • the handwheel 93 can e.g. B. work according to the pendulum system and be equipped with a position indicator that has no special connection to the machine body and is only pushed onto the spindle end and attached to it. It is known that in such systems there is a weight in the position indicator that runs on the pointer shaft via very fine bearings and that when the handwheel 93 rotates, it always adjusts itself downward due to gravity. If the handwheel 93 is now rotated, the spindle 69 rotates in the same direction.
  • the adjustment of the distances of the folding rollers 57, 58 to one another and the adjustment of their eccentric position to the folding blade action line 92 can be adjusted independently and unaffected by one another.
  • the adjustment device described above is also advantageously suitable for automating the folding roller setting process.
  • the operator would only have to enter the paper thickness and the page numbers into a computer.
  • This computer calculates the values by which the spindle 69 has to be rotated and displaced, and outputs these values to a signal amplifier, which each actuates an actuator for displacing or rotating the spindle 69.
  • stepper motors are suitable as actuators.
  • a stepper motor is provided to rotate the spindle 69 and the socket 83.
  • the collar 80 is provided with a ring gear and a pinion is provided instead of the handwheel 93. With the ring gear and the pinion, a pinion of a stepper motor is engaged.
  • the stepper motors then turn the spindle 69 and / or the socket 83.
  • the number of steps carried out can be added up and saved; it is possible at any time to read the current position of the spindle on the display instruments. It is of course necessary to relate the number of pulses (steps) to the position of the folding rollers.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Längsfalzvorrichtung gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1.The invention relates to a longitudinal folding device according to the preamble of claim 1.

Durch die DE 28 37 392 A1 ist eine Längsfalzvorrichtung bekannt geworden. Diese Längsfalzvorrichtungen ist z. B. geeignet sog. symmetrische wie auch unsymmetrische Falzprodukte zu erzeugen. Um dieses zu erreichen läuft die Papierbahn oder die -bahnen (= Strang) nicht bahnmittig über den Längsfalztrichter, sondern außerbahnmittig, z. B. auf einem Drittel der Papierbahnbreite. Man erhält dann einen längsgefalzten Papierstrang mit zwei unterschiedlich breiten Teilen links und rechts neben der Längsfalzlinie (= Trichterfalzlinie). Der linke Teil ist Z. B. 1/3 Papierbahnbreite, der rechte Teil 2/3 Papierbahnbreite. Anschließend wird die so längsgefalzte Papierbahn(en) quergeschnitten quergefalzt und anschließend in der Längsfalzvorrichtung sog. "Dritter Falz" oder "Zweiter Längsfalz" auf halber Breite längsgefalzt. Es entsteht also bei einer Papierbahn ein sog. unsymmetrisches Produkt, das nach dem Beschneiden an zwei Kanten auf eine Hälfte aus vier Seiten und auf der anderen Seite aus acht Seiten besteht.A longitudinal folding device has become known from DE 28 37 392 A1. This longitudinal folding devices is such. B. suitable to produce so-called symmetrical as well as asymmetrical folding products. In order to achieve this, the paper web or webs (= strand) does not run in the middle of the web over the longitudinal folding hopper, but in the middle of the web, e.g. B. on a third of the width of the paper web. You then get a longitudinally folded paper strand with two parts of different widths left and right next to the longitudinal fold line (= funnel fold line). The left part is e.g. 1/3 paper web width, the right part 2/3 paper web width. Subsequently, the thus longitudinally folded paper web (s) is cross-folded cross-folded and then longitudinally folded in half in the longitudinal folding device, so-called "third fold" or "second longitudinal fold". The result is a so-called asymmetrical product on a paper web which, after trimming on two edges, consists of four sides on one half and eight sides on the other side.

Die DE 28 15 077 C2 zeigt eine gattungsgemäße Falzvorrichtung. Sowohl die Falzmesser wie auch die Falzwalzen führen eine horizontale gleichsinnige Längsbewegung aus, um ungünstige Reibungserscheinungen der Falzprodukte zu vermeiden.DE 28 15 077 C2 shows a folding device of the generic type. Both the folding knife and the Folding rollers perform a horizontal longitudinal movement in the same direction in order to avoid unfavorable friction phenomena of the folding products.

Aus der DE-AS 12 31 723 ist eine Falzvorrichtung zu entnehmen, bei der beide Falzwalzen auf je einem schwenkbaren Traghebel angeordnet sind. Zur Erzeugung einer Schwenkbewegung der beiden Traghebel ist eine Verschiebestange mit Zwei Schrägflächen vorgesehen. Hierdurch wird eine gleichzeitige Verstellung beider Falzwalzen ermöglicht. Jedoch werden, im Gegensatz zum Gegenstand des Patentes, beide Falzwalzen den gleichen Weg jeweils in entgegengesetzter Richtung bewegt. Diese Falzvorrichtung ist also nur geeignet, um eine symmetrische Falzspalteinstellung vornehmen zu können.A folding device can be found in DE-AS 12 31 723, in which both folding rollers are each arranged on a pivotable carrying lever. A sliding rod with two inclined surfaces is provided to generate a pivoting movement of the two carrying levers. This enables a simultaneous adjustment of both folding rollers. However, in contrast to the subject of the patent, both folding rollers are moved the same way in the opposite direction. This folding device is therefore only suitable for being able to make a symmetrical folding gap setting.

Das genaue Längsfalzen unsymmetrischer Produkte im sog. "Zweiten Längsfalz", insbesondere, wenn der Strang aus mehreren Papierbahnen besteht, bereitet Schwierigkeiten.The exact longitudinal folding of asymmetrical products in the so-called "second longitudinal fold", especially when the strand consists of several paper webs, is difficult.

Aus diesem Grunde wird der längszufalzende Abschnitt entlang der vorgesehenen Längsfalzlinie mit einer Wasserspur versehen, vorperforiert oder gerillt.For this reason, the section to be longitudinally folded is provided with a water track, pre-perforated or grooved along the intended longitudinal fold line.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Längsfalzeinrichtung für sog. unsymmetrische, d. h. links und rechts der Falzlinie eine unterschiedliche Anzahl von Bogen aufweisende, Signaturen zu schaffen.The invention has for its object to provide a longitudinal folding device for so-called asymmetrical, ie. H. to create a different number of sheets with signatures to the left and right of the fold line.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch den Gegenstand des kennzeichnenden Teiles des Anspruches 1 gelöst.This object is achieved by the subject matter of the characterizing part of claim 1.

Die mit der Erfindung erzielbaren Vorteile bestehen insbesondere darin, daß eine hohe Falzgenauigkeit auch bei dickeren der sog. unsymmetrischen Falzprodukten erreicht werden kann ohne Wasserspuren zu legen, vorzuperforieren oder zu rillen.The advantages which can be achieved with the invention consist in particular in that a high folding accuracy can be achieved even with thicker so-called asymmetrical folding products without laying water marks, pre-perforating or scoring.

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in den Zeichnungen dargestellt und werden im folgenden näher beschrieben. Es zeigen

Fig. 1
eine erste erfindungsgemäße Längsfalzvorrichtung mit einer Einrichtung zum seitlichen Verschieben des Falzmesserträgers in bezug auf die Falzwalzen, in schematischer Darstellung,
Fig. 2
eine zweite erfindungsgemäße Längsfalzvorrichtung bei welcher der Falzmesserträger nicht verschiebbar angeordnet ist, jedoch die Falzwalzen im Abstand zueinander und gemeinsam seitlich verschiebbar zum Falzmesserträger angeordnet sind, in schematischer Darstellung,
Fig. 3
eine dritte erfindungsgemäße Einrichtung zum Verstellen der Falzwalzen,
Fig. 4
eine Vorrichtung zum Verstellen einer Verstellspindel für die Falzwalzen.
Embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings and are described in more detail below. Show it
Fig. 1
a first longitudinal folding device according to the invention with a device for laterally displacing the folding blade carrier with respect to the folding rollers, in a schematic representation,
Fig. 2
a second longitudinal folding device according to the invention in which the folding knife carrier is not displaceable is arranged, but the folding rollers are arranged at a distance from one another and can be moved together laterally to the folding knife carrier, in a schematic representation,
Fig. 3
a third device according to the invention for adjusting the folding rollers,
Fig. 4
a device for adjusting an adjusting spindle for the folding rollers.

Zu Fig. 1:1:

Die Längsfalzeinrichtung 1 besteht im wesentlichen aus einem Basisteil 2 und einem auf das Basisteil 2 aufgesetzten Trägerschlitten 3. Das Basisteil 2 steht auf dem Boden. Auf ihm sind in bekannter Weise angetriebene Falzwalzen 4, 6, ein mehrteiliger Fächer 7 und angetriebene Transportbänder 8, 9 angeordnet. Außerdem ist am Basisteil 2 ein stark untersetzter, drehrichtungsumkehrbarer Getriebemotor 11 angeflanscht, dessen eines Ende als freie Gewindespindel 12 mit kleiner Steigung ausgeführt ist. Auch kann das Basisteil 2 zur Einstellung eines Über- oder Unterfalzes seitlich verschiebbar angeordnet sein. Insbesondere dann, wenn die Trichterspitze fest ist und von Auftrag zu Auftrag verschiedenbreite Produkte verarbeitet werden.The longitudinal folding device 1 essentially consists of a base part 2 and a carrier slide 3 placed on the base part 2. The base part 2 stands on the floor. Folded rollers 4, 6, a multi-part compartment 7 and driven conveyor belts 8, 9 are arranged on it in a known manner. In addition, a strongly reduced, reversible direction of rotation geared motor 11 is flanged to the base part 2, one end of which is designed as a free threaded spindle 12 with a small pitch. The base part 2 can also be arranged so as to be laterally displaceable in order to set an over or under fold. Especially when the funnel tip is firm and products of different widths are processed from order to order.

Auf das Basisteil 2 ist der Trägerschlitten 3 aufgesetzt. Er ist entlang von nicht dargestellten Schwalbenschwanzführungen horizontal, im rechten Winkel zu den Längsachsen der Falzwalzen 4 und 6 verschiebbar. Eine vordere Wand 13 setzt sich nach unten hin in einem kompakten Ansatz 14 fort. Dieser Ansatz 14 ist mit einer durchgehenden Gewindebohrung versehen, in welche die Gewindespindel 12 eingreift.The carrier slide 3 is placed on the base part 2. It is horizontally displaceable along dovetail guides, not shown, at right angles to the longitudinal axes of the folding rollers 4 and 6. A front wall 13 continues downward in a compact extension 14. This approach 14 is provided with a continuous threaded bore in which the threaded spindle 12 engages.

Zwischen vorderer Wand 13 und hinterer Wand 15 und in / an ihnen befestigt sind ein Falzmesser 16, ein doppelarmiger Antriebshebel 17 zum Auf- und Abbewegen des Falzmessers 16 und eine Spindel 18 als Schwenkachse für das Falzmesser 16 angeordnet, außerdem eine Druckfeder 19 oder Drehstabfeder, welche zwischen rechtem Ende 21 des Antriebshebels 17 und einer gestellfesten Stütze 22 eingespannt ist und eine angetriebene Kurvenscheibe 23, gegen die das rechte Ende 21 des Antriebshebels 17 über eine Kurvenrolle 25 gedrückt wird. Am linken Ende 24 des Antriebshebels 17 ist das Falzmesser 16 starr angebracht. Statt des in der Fig. 1 dargestellten Stanzfalzmessers 16 können natürlich auch Rotationsfalzmesser 16, wie in der DE-A-27 23 358 dargestellt, verwendet werden.A folding knife 16, a double-armed drive lever 17 for moving the folding knife 16 up and down and a spindle 18 as pivot axis for the folding knife 16 are arranged between the front wall 13 and the rear wall 15 and fastened in / on them, as well as a compression spring 19 or torsion bar spring, which is clamped between the right end 21 of the drive lever 17 and a support 22 fixed to the frame and a driven cam plate 23 against which the right end 21 of the drive lever 17 is pressed via a cam roller 25. The folding knife 16 is rigidly attached to the left end 24 of the drive lever 17. Instead of the punch folding knife 16 shown in FIG. 1, it is of course also possible to use rotary folding knives 16, as shown in DE-A-27 23 358.

Durch Einschalten des Getriebemotors 11 in wahlweiser Drehrichtung, kann die Arbeitsstellung - und damit die Falzlinie 20 in Bezug auf die Lage der Falzwalzen 4, 6 - der Falzmesserspitze 30 entlang eines Weges a stufenlos z. B. in einem Bereich ± 3 mm, in Bezug auf eine Null-Lage der Falzmesserspitze 30 auf halben Abstand der Falzwalzenzentren, verstellt werden.By switching on the geared motor 11 in the optional direction of rotation, the working position - and thus the folding line 20 with respect to the position of the folding rollers 4, 6 - of the folding knife tip 30 along a path a continuously z. B. in a range of ± 3 mm, with respect to a zero position of the folding knife tip 30 at half the distance of the folding roller centers.

Zu Fig. 2:2:

Ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel der Längsfalzeinrichtung 26 besteht im wesentlichen aus einem Basisteil 2 wie beim Beispiel nach Fig. 1, jedoch ohne Getriebemotor 11 - bei dem an sich bekannte Fächer 7 und an sich bekannte, angetriebene Falzwalzen 4 und 6 angeordnet sind und einem Oberteil 5 das mit Ausnahme der Teile 12, 14 dem Trägerschlitten 3 mit seinen eingebauten Teilen entspricht. Das Oberteil 5 ist mit dem Basisteil 2 nicht verschiebbar verbunden. Das Basisteil 2, das auch komplett verschiebbar angeordnet sein kann, wenn das Oberteil 5 nicht verschiebbar ist, weist in ca. seiner Mitte eine nach unten und seitlich hin geschlossene, nach unten gerichtete Aufnahme 27 auf, die fest mit dem Basisteil 2 verbunden ist. Auf einer Bodenfläche 28 der Aufnahme 27 ist ein U-förmiger Schlitten 29 in einer Führung z. B. Schwalbenschwanzführung, horizontal in Richtung auf linke und rechte Seitenwand 31, 32 verschiebbar. In dem Schlitten 29 sind die Falzwalzen 4 und 6 drehbar gelagert, ihr Abstand voneinander kann in bekannter Weise oder wie in Figur 3 und 4 gezeigt und beschrieben in gewissen Grenzen symmetrisch verändert werden. An einer rechten Seitenfläche des Schlittens 29 ist ein waagrechter Schenkel eines L-Stückes 33 befestigt. Ein senkrechter Schenkel 34 des L-Stückes 33 ist mit einer durchgehenden Gewindebohrung versehen, in welche ein Außengewinde eines freien Wellenendes 36 eines in zwei Drehrichtungen antreibbaren starkuntersetzten Getriebemotors 37 eingreift. Der Getriebemotor 37 ist an eine rechte Seitenwand der Aufnahme 27 angeflanscht.Another embodiment of the longitudinal folding device 26 consists essentially of a base part 2 as in the example according to FIG. 1, but without a geared motor 11 - in which compartments 7 known per se and known, driven folding rollers 4 and 6 are arranged and an upper part 5 that with the exception of parts 12, 14 corresponds to the carrier slide 3 with its built-in parts. The upper part 5 is not slidably connected to the base part 2. The base part 2, which can also be arranged to be completely displaceable if the upper part 5 cannot be displaced has in approximately its center a downwardly and laterally closed, downwardly directed receptacle 27, which is firmly connected to the base part 2. On a bottom surface 28 of the receptacle 27 is a U-shaped slide 29 in a guide z. B. dovetail guide, horizontally displaceable in the direction of the left and right side walls 31, 32. The folding rollers 4 and 6 are rotatably mounted in the carriage 29, their distance from one another can be changed symmetrically within certain limits in a known manner or as shown and described in FIGS. 3 and 4. A horizontal leg of an L-piece 33 is attached to a right side surface of the slide 29. A vertical leg 34 of the L-piece 33 is provided with a continuous threaded bore into which an external thread of a free shaft end 36 of a strongly reduced gear motor 37 which can be driven in two directions of rotation engages. The geared motor 37 is flanged to a right side wall of the receptacle 27.

Zu Fig. 33

In zwei sich gegenüberliegenden vorderen und hinteren Wänden (nicht dargestellt) einer weiteren Längsfalzeinrichtung 38 sind zwei Spindeln 39; 41 beabstandet voneinander, parallel zueinander und auf gleicher Höhe angeordnet. Ihre Enden sind in der vorderen bzw. hinteren Wand drehbar in Lagern gelagert. Auf jeder der beiden Spindeln 39; 41 sind nahe jeweils einer Innenseite der vorderen und hinteren Wand je zwei Falzwalzentragarme, im folgenden Tragarme 42, 43 bzw. 44, 46 genannt, schwenkbar, jedoch nicht axial verschiebbar angeordnet. Die Tragarme 42, 43, 44, 46 sind als doppelarmige Hebel gestaltet, deren Drehachse jeweils mit der Längsachse der Spindel 39 bzw. 41 zusammenfällt.In two opposite front and rear walls (not shown) of a further longitudinal folding device 38, two spindles 39; 41 spaced apart, arranged parallel to each other and at the same height. Their ends are rotatably supported in bearings in the front or rear wall. On each of the two spindles 39; 41 are near each inner side of the front and rear wall, two folding roller support arms, hereinafter referred to as support arms 42, 43 and 44, 46, pivotally, but not axially displaceable. The support arms 42, 43, 44, 46 are designed as double-armed levers, the axes of rotation of which coincide with the longitudinal axis of the spindle 39 and 41, respectively.

Im folgenden wird die Beschreibung aus Vereinfachungsgründen nur auf die vorderen, d. h. in Nähe der vorderen Wand angeordneten beiden Tragarme 42, 43 beschränkt. Für die hinteren Tragarme 44, 46 gilt das nachstehende analog, ebenso was über die Verstelleinrichtung für die Tragarme 44, 46 gesagt werden wird. Es können für die vorderen und hinteren Tragarme 42, 43; 44, 46 getrennt voneinander betätigbare Verstelleinrichtungen vorgesehen sein, wie im Beispiel. Sie können jedoch auch über ein Getriebe miteinander verbunden sein und dann gemeinsam verstellt werden.For the sake of simplicity, the description below only applies to the front, i.e. H. two support arms 42, 43 arranged in the vicinity of the front wall. The following applies analogously to the rear support arms 44, 46, as does what will be said about the adjustment device for the support arms 44, 46. For the front and rear support arms 42, 43; 44, 46 actuating devices which can be actuated separately from one another are provided, as in the example. However, they can also be connected to one another via a gear and then adjusted together.

Untere Enden 47, 48 der Tragarme 42, 43 sind mit einer durchgehenden Bohrung 49; 51 versehen. Diese Bohrungen 49, 51 stehen senkrecht zu den Bohrungen ihrer Tragarme 42, 43 in der die Spindeln 39, 41 gelagert sind. Am oberen Ende 52, 53 der Tragarme 42, 43 sind in Bohrungen zwei in bekannter Weise angetriebene Falzwalzen 57; 58 in Lagern drehbar gelagert.Lower ends 47, 48 of the support arms 42, 43 are provided with a through bore 49; 51 provided. These bores 49, 51 are perpendicular to the bores of their support arms 42, 43 in which the spindles 39, 41 are mounted. At the upper end 52, 53 of the support arms 42, 43 are two folding rollers 57; 58 rotatably supported in bearings.

Die unteren Enden 47, 48 der Tragarme 42, 43 setzen sich fort in je einer nach außen zeigenden Erweiterung 59, 61 in Form eines Käfiges für eine Rolle. Die Erweiterung 59, 61 für das untere Ende 47, 48 der Tragarme 42 bildet jeweils einen Gleitschuh. Die Erweiterung 59, 61 besteht jeweils aus einem Sockel 62 mit einer halbkreisförmigen Senke 63. Der Sockel 62 weist an seiner tiefsten Stelle eine durchgehende Bohrung auf. Auf den Sockel 62 wird jeweils ein Käfig 64 aufgeschoben und am unteren Ende 47 bzw. 48 der Tragarme 42, 43 festgeschraubt. Der Käfig 64 ist in seinem Inneren ebenfalls konvex-halbkreisförmig gestaltet und hat an seiner tiefsten Stelle ebenfalls eine durchgehende, vergrößerte Bohrung. Die Senken 63 und die halbkreisförmigen Teile 66 der Käfige 64 nehmen je eine Rolle 67 bzw. 68 bewegbar auf. Die Rollen 67 und 68 bestehen aus Metall und haben eine durchgehende Quergewindebohrung. Die Rolle 67 ist in der linken Erweiterung 59, die Rolle 68 in der rechten Erweiterung 61 gelagert. Die Gewindebohrung der Rolle 67 hat ein Links-Gewinde, die Gewindebohrung der Rolle 68 ein Rechts-Gewinde. Beide Rollen 67, 68 sind seitlich, parallel zur Gewindebohrung verlaufend, abgeflacht.The lower ends 47, 48 of the support arms 42, 43 continue in an outward extension 59, 61 in the form of a cage for a roll. The extension 59, 61 for the lower end 47, 48 of the support arms 42 each form a slide shoe. The extension 59, 61 each consists of a base 62 with a semicircular depression 63. The base 62 has a through hole at its lowest point. In each case a cage 64 is pushed onto the base 62 and screwed onto the lower end 47 or 48 of the support arms 42, 43. The interior of the cage 64 is also convex-semicircular and has a continuous, enlarged bore at its lowest point. The depressions 63 and the semicircular ones Parts 66 of the cages 64 each receive a roller 67 or 68 movably. The rollers 67 and 68 are made of metal and have a continuous transverse threaded hole. The roller 67 is mounted in the left extension 59, the roller 68 in the right extension 61. The threaded bore of the roller 67 has a left-hand thread, the threaded bore of the roller 68 has a right-hand thread. Both rollers 67, 68 are flattened laterally, parallel to the threaded bore.

Zum Eingriff in die Gewindebohrungen der beiden Rollen 67, 68 ist eine Gewindespindel 69 angeordnet. Sie weist in ihrem mittleren Teil ein linkes Außengewindestück 71 und etwas beabstandet davon, ein rechtes Außengewindestück 72 auf. Das Außengewindestück 71 hat ein Links-Gewinde, das Außengewindestück 72 ein Rechts-Gewinde. Außengewindestück 71 steht mit dem Innengewinde der linken Rolle 67, Außengewindestück 72 mit dem Innengewinde der rechten Rolle 68 in Eingriff.A threaded spindle 69 is arranged to engage in the threaded bores of the two rollers 67, 68. It has a left external thread piece 71 in its central part and a right external thread piece 72 at a distance from it. The external thread piece 71 has a left-hand thread, the external thread piece 72 has a right-hand thread. External thread piece 71 is in engagement with the internal thread of left roller 67, external thread piece 72 is in engagement with the internal thread of right roller 68.

Die Gewindespindel 69 ist jeweils in der Nähe seiner glatten Enden 73, 74 in gestellfesten Lagerböcken 76; 77 drehbar und verschiebbar gelagert. Die Lagerböcke 76, 77 sind an Seitengestellen 78, 79 befestigt.The threaded spindle 69 is in each case in the vicinity of its smooth ends 73, 74 in bearing blocks 76; 77 rotatably and slidably mounted. The bearing blocks 76, 77 are attached to side frames 78, 79.

Wie aus Fig. 4 zu ersehen ist, wird das rechte, glatte Ende 74 der Spindel 69 durch eine Gewindebohrung 81 eines U-förmigen Bügels 82 geführt. Der Bügel 82 ist außen am rechten Seitengestell 79 angeschraubt. In die Gewindebohrung 81 ist eine Buchse 83 mit Außengewinde eingeschraubt. Die Buchse 83 ist rechts mit einem außengewindefreien Bund 80 versehen, an dem ein Betätigungshebel 85 befestigt ist. Durch eine glatte Innenbohrung der Buchse 83 wird das rechte, glatte Ende 74 der Spindel 69 geführt. Der Außendurchmesser des Endes 74 ist etwas kleiner als der Innendurchmesser der durchgehenden Bohrung der Buchse 83. Der Gewinde aufweisende Teil der Buchse 83 ist um die benötigten Stellwege länger als die Dicke des Bügels 82 an der Stelle der Gewindebohrung. Links und rechts an den Stirnflächen der Buchse 83 anliegend, ist je eine dünne Scheibe 84, 86 auf das Ende 74 der Spindel 69 aufgefädelt. An den Scheiben 84 und 86 anliegend ist je ein Ring 87; 88 auf der Spindel 69 angeordnet und mit ihr formschlüssig verbunden, z. B. verstiftet. Die Buchse 83 ist im Bereich ihrer halben Länge um ihren Umfang mit einer Mehrzahl von ca. stellweglanger, regelmäßig um ihren Umfang verteilter Indexnuten versehen. In die Indexnuten greifen ein oder mehrere gestellfeste Indexbolzen 91 ein, die jeweils in eine durchgehende Bohrung 89 mit teilweise Gewinde im Bügel 82 eingesetzt sind.As can be seen from Fig. 4, the right, smooth end 74 of the spindle 69 through a threaded bore 81 U-shaped bracket 82 out. The bracket 82 is screwed onto the right side frame 79 on the outside. A bushing 83 with an external thread is screwed into the threaded bore 81. The socket 83 is provided on the right with an externally unthreaded collar 80 to which an actuating lever 85 is attached. The right, smooth end 74 of the spindle 69 is guided through a smooth inner bore of the bushing 83. The outer diameter of the end 74 is somewhat smaller than the inner diameter of the through bore of the bushing 83. The part of the bushing 83 which is threaded is longer by the required travel distances than the thickness of the bracket 82 at the point of the threaded bore. Bearing on the left and right on the end faces of the socket 83, a thin disk 84, 86 is threaded onto the end 74 of the spindle 69. A ring 87 is adjacent to the disks 84 and 86; 88 arranged on the spindle 69 and positively connected to it, for. B. pinned. The bushing 83 is provided in the area of half its length around its circumference with a plurality of index grooves that are approximately the length of travel and are regularly distributed around their circumference. One or more index bolts 91 which are fixed to the frame engage in the index grooves and are each inserted into a continuous bore 89 with a partial thread in the bracket 82.

Die Abstände der Indexnuten sind so gewählt, daß eine Verdrehung der Buchse 83 mittels des Stellhebels 85 von Indexnut zu Indexnut eine Verstellung der beiden Falzwalzen 57, 58 z. B. um 0,04 mm unsymmetrisch zu einer Falzline 92 bedeutet. Durch die Verdrehung der Buchse 83 wird die Spindel 69 über die Ringe 87, 88 horizontal in wahlweise eine Richtung verschoben, das bedeutet, daß die Tragarme 42, 43 mit den Falzwalzen 57, 58 gleichzeitig um den gleichen Winkel und in gleicher Richtung um die Spindeln 39, 41 verschwenkt werden. Hierdurch wird also die unsymmetrische Lage der Falzwalzen 57, 58 zur Wirkungslinie 92 (= Falzlinie) des Falzmessers 16 eingestellt.The spacing of the index grooves are chosen so that a rotation of the socket 83 by means of the adjusting lever 85 from index groove to index groove an adjustment of the two folding rollers 57, 58 z. B. by 0.04 mm asymmetrical to a fold line 92 means. By rotating the bushing 83, the spindle 69 is moved horizontally in one direction via the rings 87, 88, which means that the support arms 42, 43 with the folding rollers 57, 58 simultaneously around the same angle and in the same direction about the spindles 39, 41 are pivoted. In this way, the asymmetrical position of the folding rollers 57, 58 relative to the line of action 92 (= folding line) of the folding knife 16 is set.

Am äußersten rechten Ende der Spindel 69 ist ein Handrad 93 zum Verdrehen der Spindel 69 in oder entgegen dem Uhrzeigersinn vorgesehen. Das Handrad 93 kann mit einem handelsüblichen mechanischen Positionsanzeiger versehen sein, an dem sich die Verstellung ablesen läßt. Das Handrad 93 kann z. B. nach dem Pendelsystem arbeiten und mit einem Positionsanzeiger ausgerüstet sein, der keine besondere Verbindung zum Maschinenkörper hat und nur auf das Spindelende aufgeschoben und auf ihm befestigt wird. Bekanntlich befindet sich bei solchen Systemen im Positionsanzeiger ein Gewicht, daß über Feinstlager auf der Zeigerwelle läuft und sich bei Drehung des Handrades 93 durch die Schwerkraft immer nach unten einstellt. Wird nun das Handrad 93 verdreht, so verdreht sich die Spindel 69 in gleicher Richtung. Durch die Verdrehung der Außengewindestücke 71 und 72 der Spindel 69 werden die mit ihnen im Eingriff stehenden Gewindebohrungen der Rollen 67, 68 und damit über die Erweiterungen 59, 61 die Trägerarme 42, 43 gemeinsam um den gleichen Betrag, jeweils in entgegengesetzter Schwenkrichtung um die Spindeln 39 und 41 verschwenkt. Da auf den Trägerarmen 42, 43 die Falzwalzen 57 bzw. 58 befestigt sind, folgen der Verschwenkung der Trägerarme 42, 43 die Falzwalzen 57, 58. Auf das Ausführungsbeispiel angewandt bedeutet das, daß bei einer Verdrehung der Spindel 69 im Uhrzeigersinn der Abstand der Falzwalzen 57, 58 zueinander verkleinert wird, und bei Verdrehung der Spindel 69 entgegen dem Uhrzeigersinn, daß der Abstand der Falzwalzen 57, 58 zueinander vergrößert wird.At the extreme right end of the spindle 69, a handwheel 93 is provided for rotating the spindle 69 clockwise or counterclockwise. The handwheel 93 can be provided with a commercially available mechanical position indicator, on which the adjustment can be read. The handwheel 93 can e.g. B. work according to the pendulum system and be equipped with a position indicator that has no special connection to the machine body and is only pushed onto the spindle end and attached to it. It is known that in such systems there is a weight in the position indicator that runs on the pointer shaft via very fine bearings and that when the handwheel 93 rotates, it always adjusts itself downward due to gravity. If the handwheel 93 is now rotated, the spindle 69 rotates in the same direction. By rotating the external threaded pieces 71 and 72 of the spindle 69, the threaded bores of the rollers 67, 68, which are in engagement with them, and thus, via the extensions 59, 61, the support arms 42, 43 together by the same amount, in each case in the opposite pivoting direction around the spindles 39 and 41 pivoted. Since the folding rollers 57 and 58 are fastened to the carrier arms 42, 43, the pivoting of the carrier arms 42, 43 is followed by the folding rollers 57, 58. Applied to the exemplary embodiment, this means that when the spindle 69 is rotated clockwise, the distance between the folding rollers 57, 58 to each other is reduced, and when the spindle 69 is rotated counterclockwise that the distance between the folding rollers 57, 58 to one another is increased.

Die Einstellung der Abstände der Falzwalzen 57, 58 zueinander und die Einstellung ihrer exzentrischen Lage zur Falzmesserwirkungslinie 92 können unabhängig und unbeeinflußt voneinander eingestellt werden.The adjustment of the distances of the folding rollers 57, 58 to one another and the adjustment of their eccentric position to the folding blade action line 92 can be adjusted independently and unaffected by one another.

Die oben beschriebene Verstelleinrichtung eignet sich in vorteilhafter Weise auch dazu, den Falzwalzen-Einstellungsvorgang zu automatisieren. Die Bedienungsperson hätte nur die Papierstärke und die Seitenzahlen in einen Rechner einzugeben. Dieser Rechner rechnet daraus die Werte aus, um welche die Spindel 69 verdreht und verschoben werden muß, gibt diese Werte an je einen Signalverstärker die je einen Stellantrieb für das Verschieben bzw. das Verdrehen der Spindel 69 ansteuern. Es eignen sich zum Beispiel als Stellantriebe Schrittmotoren. Es ist je ein Schrittmotor vorgesehen um die Spindel 69 und die Buchse 83 zu verdrehen. Der Bund 80 ist mit einem Zahnkranz versehen und anstatt des Handrades 93 ist ein Ritzel vorgesehen. Mit dem Zahnkranz und dem Ritzel steht je ein Ritzel von je einem Schrittmotor in Eingriff. Je nach eingegebener Papierstärke und Seitenzahl verdrehen die Schrittmotore dann die Spindel 69 und / oder die Buchse 83. Die Anzahl durchgeführter Schritte kann aufsummiert und gespeichert werden; so ist es jederzeit möglich, die aktuelle Stellung der Spindel über die Anzeigeinstrumente abzulesen. Wobei es natürlich notwendig ist, die Anzahl der Impulse (Schritte) in Bezug zu bringen zu der Stellung der Falzwalzen.The adjustment device described above is also advantageously suitable for automating the folding roller setting process. The operator would only have to enter the paper thickness and the page numbers into a computer. This computer then calculates the values by which the spindle 69 has to be rotated and displaced, and outputs these values to a signal amplifier, which each actuates an actuator for displacing or rotating the spindle 69. For example, stepper motors are suitable as actuators. A stepper motor is provided to rotate the spindle 69 and the socket 83. The collar 80 is provided with a ring gear and a pinion is provided instead of the handwheel 93. With the ring gear and the pinion, a pinion of a stepper motor is engaged. Depending on the paper thickness and number of pages entered, the stepper motors then turn the spindle 69 and / or the socket 83. The number of steps carried out can be added up and saved; it is possible at any time to read the current position of the spindle on the display instruments. It is of course necessary to relate the number of pulses (steps) to the position of the folding rollers.

TeilelisteParts list

11
LängsfalzeinrichtungLongitudinal folding device
22nd
BasisteilBase part
33rd
TrägerschlittenCarriage sled
44th
FalzwalzeFolding roller
55
OberteilTop
66
FalzwalzeFolding roller
77
Fächersubjects
88th
TransportbänderConveyor belts
99
TransportbänderConveyor belts
1010th
--
1111
GetriebemotorGear motor
1212th
GewindespindelThreaded spindle
1313
Wand, vordereWall, front
1414
Ansatzapproach
1515
Wand, hintereWall, rear
1616
FalzmesserFolding knife
1717th
AntriebshebelDrive lever
1818th
Spindelspindle
1919th
DruckfederCompression spring
2020th
FalzlinieFold line
2121
Ende, rechtesEnd right
2222
Stützesupport
2323
KurvenscheibeCam
2424th
EndeThe End
2525th
KurvenrolleCam roller
2626
LängsfalzeinrichtungLongitudinal folding device
2727
Aufnahmeadmission
2828
BodenflächeFloor area
2929
Schlittencarriage
3030th
FalzmesserspitzeFolding knife tip
3131
Seitenwand, linkeSidewall, left
3232
Seitenwand, rechteSidewall, right
3333
L-StückL-piece
3434
Schenkel, senkrechtThigh, vertical
3535
--
3636
WellenendeShaft end
3737
GetriebemotorGear motor
3838
LängsfalzeinrichtungLongitudinal folding device
3939
Spindelspindle
4040
--
4141
Spindelspindle
4242
TragarmBeam
4343
TragarmBeam
4444
TragarmBeam
4545
--
4646
TragarmBeam
4747
Ende, unteres (42)Lower end (42)
4848
Ende, unteres (43)Lower end (43)
4949
Bohrungdrilling
5050
--
5151
Bohrungdrilling
5252
Ende, oberes (42)Upper end (42)
5353
Ende, oberes (43)Upper end (43)
5454
--
5555
--
5656
--
5757
FalzwalzeFolding roller
5858
FalzwalzeFolding roller
5959
Erweiterung, linkeExtension, left
6060
--
6161
Erweiterung, rechteExtension, right
6262
Sockelbase
6363
SenkeSink
6464
KäfigCage
6565
--
6666
Teil, halbkreisförmigPart, semicircular
6767
Rollerole
6868
Rollerole
6969
Gewindespindel / SpindelThreaded spindle / spindle
7070
--
7171
Außengewindestück, linksMale thread piece, left
7272
Außengewindestück, rechtsMale thread piece, right
7373
Ende, linkes (69)Left end (69)
7474
Ende, rechtes (69)Right End (69)
7575
AußengewindeExternal thread
7676
LagerbockBearing block
7777
LagerbockBearing block
7878
SeitengestellSide frame
7979
SeitengestellSide frame
8080
BundFederation
8181
GewindebohrungTapped hole
8282
Bügelhanger
8383
BuchseRifle
8484
Scheibedisc
8585
StellhebelControl lever
8686
Scheibedisc
8787
Ringring
8888
Ringring
8989
Bohrungdrilling
9090
--
9191
IndexbolzenIndex bolt
9292
Wirkungslinie des FalzmessersLine of action of the folding knife
9393
HandradHandwheel
aa
Wegpath

Claims (6)

  1. Longitudinal folding apparatus for folding signatures by means of a folding blade (16) which operates intermittently and a pair of folding rollers (4; 6) driven transversely with respect to the fold action line (20, 92) of the folding blade (16) and forming a fold gap, and conveyor belts (8; 9) for the signatures to be folded, characterized in that the folding blade (16) or both folding rollers (4; 6) are arranged to be displaceable together and without altering their spacing from one another such that in relation to the fold action line (20, 92) unequal spacings of the two folding rollers (4; 6) from the fold action line (20, 92) can be selectively adjusted.
  2. Longitudinal folding apparatus according to Claim 1, characterized in that the folding rollers (4; 6) are rotatably mounted in double-armed pivotal levers (42, 43, 44, 46), in that a device for producing the pivotal movement of the levers (42, 43, 44, 46) is provided, and in that the device for producing the pivotal movement of the levers (42, 43, 44, 46) is arranged such that the movement of the two levers (42, 43, 44, 46) takes place in the same direction.
  3. Longitudinal folding apparatus according to Claims 1 to 2, characterized in that a displaceable spindle (69) is provided for producing the movement of the two levers (42, 43, 44, 46) in the same direction, and in that a lower end (47; 48) of the supporting arms (42, 43; 44, 46) is articulatedly connected to the spindle (69).
  4. Longitudinal folding apparatus according to Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that two mutually spaced rings (87, 88) are connected to the spindle in form-fitting manner, in that between the two rings (87, 88) and bearing against them directly or indirectly a sleeve (83) is threaded onto the spindle (69), in that the sleeve (83) has an external thread (75) which engages in an internal thread of a threaded bore (81) of a part (82) fixed to the mount, in that an adjusting device (85) is connected to the sleeve (83), and in that an adjusting device (93) is connected to one end (74) of the spindle (69).
  5. Longitudinal folding apparatus according to Claim 1, characterized in that the folding blade (16) is arranged to be displaceable transversely with respect to the longitudinal axes of the folding rollers (4, 6).
  6. Longitudinal folding apparatus according to Claims 3 to 5, characterized in that an indexing device (91, 89) is actively connected to the sleeve (83).
EP91110209A 1990-06-30 1991-06-21 Longitudinal folding device Expired - Lifetime EP0464505B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4020937 1990-06-30
DE4020937A DE4020937C2 (en) 1990-06-30 1990-06-30 Longitudinal folding device

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0464505A1 EP0464505A1 (en) 1992-01-08
EP0464505B1 true EP0464505B1 (en) 1994-12-28

Family

ID=6409449

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91110209A Expired - Lifetime EP0464505B1 (en) 1990-06-30 1991-06-21 Longitudinal folding device

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US5147276A (en)
EP (1) EP0464505B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH04226265A (en)
DE (2) DE4020937C2 (en)

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DE4020937A1 (en) 1992-01-16
JPH04226265A (en) 1992-08-14
DE4020937C2 (en) 1996-07-11
US5147276A (en) 1992-09-15
DE59104025D1 (en) 1995-02-09
EP0464505A1 (en) 1992-01-08

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