EP0463344B1 - Chucking device with power assist, especially machine vice - Google Patents

Chucking device with power assist, especially machine vice Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0463344B1
EP0463344B1 EP91107821A EP91107821A EP0463344B1 EP 0463344 B1 EP0463344 B1 EP 0463344B1 EP 91107821 A EP91107821 A EP 91107821A EP 91107821 A EP91107821 A EP 91107821A EP 0463344 B1 EP0463344 B1 EP 0463344B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
clamp
sleeve
clamping
chucking device
disposed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91107821A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0463344A2 (en
EP0463344A3 (en
Inventor
Heinrich Dipl.-Ing. Berchthold
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Gressel AG
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Gressel AG
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0463344A2 publication Critical patent/EP0463344A2/en
Publication of EP0463344A3 publication Critical patent/EP0463344A3/en
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Publication of EP0463344B1 publication Critical patent/EP0463344B1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B1/00—Vices
    • B25B1/06—Arrangements for positively actuating jaws
    • B25B1/10—Arrangements for positively actuating jaws using screws
    • B25B1/103—Arrangements for positively actuating jaws using screws with one screw perpendicular to the jaw faces, e.g. a differential or telescopic screw
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B1/00—Vices
    • B25B1/06—Arrangements for positively actuating jaws
    • B25B1/10—Arrangements for positively actuating jaws using screws
    • B25B1/106—Arrangements for positively actuating jaws using screws with mechanical or hydraulic power amplifiers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B1/00—Vices
    • B25B1/24—Details, e.g. jaws of special shape, slideways

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a clamping device with a power amplifier, in particular a machine vice, with a clamping device body, a fixed jaw arranged thereon and a jaw movable relative to it, for the adjustment of which a rod which can be acted upon by the power amplifier is provided, with a rotatable clamping sleeve surrounding the power amplifier, which has an external thread and engages with it in a nut thread of a stationary housing surrounding it and whose rotational movement with respect to the housing is limited by stop surfaces, with a first clamping ring arranged in a rotationally fixed manner in the clamping sleeve, with a second clamping ring arranged in a rotatably limited manner in the clamping sleeve, which by means of An actuating lever for the power amplifier is rotatable, with several clamping bolts arranged between the clamping rings, which in an end position (open position) of the second clamping ring inclined at an acute angle to the clamping sleeve axis u
  • the stationary housing surrounding the clamping sleeve is arranged axially outside of a stationary part of the clamping device.
  • the adapter sleeve and about half of the power amplifier protrude axially from the housing. That close in the axial direction, the disc springs and the adjusting sleeve, which in turn can be screwed onto the clamping sleeve.
  • the handle of the screw spindle then also protrudes from the adapter sleeve.
  • the total length of the device in relation to its maximum span is quite large due to the axial arrangement of the above-mentioned components following a stationary part of the device body.
  • the movable jaw is pressed against the workpiece by a push rod that is adjustable in the hollow screw spindle.
  • the clamping forces generated in this way result in forces on the fixed jaw and the stationary part of the device body which are directed outwards in opposition to one another and which can lead to a deflection of the device body in its central part upwards.
  • the latter has the result that the jaws no longer run exactly parallel to one another, but have a greater distance in the upper area than in the lower area. As a result, the workpiece is clamped only in the lower region of the jaws.
  • the known clamping device described above has the advantage that thanks to the screwable clamping sleeve and the power amplifier arranged in it, an opening and clamping stroke with a relatively small total angle of rotation of the actuating lever of less than 180 ° the movable jaw of about 2 - 4 mm and so-called quick clamping with power amplification is possible.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a clamping device with a power amplifier, in particular a machine vise of the type mentioned, while maintaining the quick clamping, in which the ratio of the maximum span to the overall length is optimally large, as well as deformations of the device body by the clamping forces should be avoided if possible.
  • the stationary housing is arranged in the device body under the fixed jaw or is formed in the area located under the fixed jaw in that the second clamping ring with one end extending through the first clamping ring and the movable Cheek-extending and designed as a pull rod is firmly connected, with the other, led out of the movable jaw, the adjusting sleeve connected and the actuating lever is connectable, and that the disc springs are supported with the interposition of the axial bearing on the side of the movable jaw facing away from the fixed jaw .
  • the arrangement of the stationary housing, the clamping sleeve and the power amplifier in the area under the fixed jaw results in a particularly short design of the clamping device, because all components essential for generating high-pressure clamping are in other components that determine the overall length of the clamping device integrated into it.
  • the ratio of the maximum span to the overall length is thus optimally large.
  • the sensitive parts of the clamping device such as the clamping sleeve and the power amplifier itself, are protected in the area under the fixed jaw.
  • the disc springs, the axial bearing and the adjusting sleeve can, if appropriate, be arranged in a protected manner within a hollow handle of a screw spindle. This largely eliminates the risk of damage.
  • the pull rod has a dual function in the new tensioning device.
  • the vice body 1 in the embodiment shown consists of a head part 1a which is screwed to a guide part 1b.
  • the head part and the guide part can also consist of one piece.
  • the head part 1a carries a fixed part in its upper area Clamping jaw 2, which can also be detached from the head part in a known manner.
  • the movable jaw 3 is slidably mounted on longitudinal guides, not shown.
  • the movable jaw can be detachable from a slide carrying it, but this is not shown in the drawing for the sake of simplicity.
  • a housing 5 is arranged in a corresponding recess 4 under the fixed jaw 2 in a rotationally fixed and axially immovable manner, ie rigidly connected to the head part 1a.
  • the housing 5 could optionally also be made in one piece with the head part 1a.
  • an adapter sleeve 6 is rotatably supported to a limited extent.
  • the clamping sleeve 6 has an external thread 7, which engages in a corresponding nut thread 8 of the housing 5.
  • the two threads 7, 8 are expediently designed as coarse threads (steep threads).
  • the required thread 7 is a trapezoidal thread Tr 50 x 10 (mm), ie it has a pitch or pitch of 10 mm with a nominal diameter of 50 mm. Since the pitch of the external thread 7 is essential for the infeed or opening stroke that can be achieved with a predetermined angle of rotation of an actuating lever described below, and since the external thread 7 must always have self-locking, the pitch cannot be increased arbitrarily. For this reason, it is advantageous if the external thread has a nominal diameter of at least 44 mm with a pitch of 8 mm.
  • a first clamping ring 9 is arranged within the clamping sleeve 6 and is firmly connected to the clamping sleeve.
  • the first clamping ring 9 and the clamping sleeve 6 can also consist of one part, as shown.
  • the clamping ring 9 forms a first part of a power amplifier enclosed by the clamping sleeve 6.
  • a second clamping ring 10 can be rotated to a limited extent and axially in the clamping sleeve 6 at a distance from the first clamping ring 9 slidably arranged. Between the two clamping rings 9, 10 a total of three clamping bolts 11 are provided, each offset by 120 ° in the circumferential direction.
  • the clamping bolts 11 assume an acute angle ⁇ of, for example, 10 ° with respect to the axis A of the clamping sleeve 6, as is indicated in FIG. 1 by dash-dotted lines.
  • One end 13a of a pull rod 13 is fixedly connected to the clamping ring 10 via a transverse bolt 12, which extends through the other clamping ring 9 and a hollow screw spindle 14 and is led out of the screw spindle 14 with its other end 13b.
  • the operating lever 15 shown in dash-dotted lines can be attached, with which the pull rod and thus also the second clamping ring 10 can be rotated.
  • a stop pin 16 is arranged in a semi-cylindrical recess of the second clamping ring 10.
  • the clamping sleeve 6 has a first recess 17, the end surfaces 17a and 17b of which form stop surfaces for the stop bolt 16.
  • the stop bolt 16 bears against the stop surface 17b.
  • the other end position of the second clamping ring 10 is determined by the stop surface 17a, against which the stop bolt 16 rests in the clamping position of the machine vice.
  • the stop surface 17a is arranged that the clamping bolts 11 are always slightly moved in the clamping position of the clamping ring 10 over their parallel position to the clamping sleeve axis A, ie beyond their dead center position, whereby a secure locking of the power amplifier is achieved.
  • a bushing 18 On the end 13b of the pull rod 13 protruding from the screw spindle, a bushing 18 is arranged, which is connected to the end 13b in a tensile and rotationally fixed manner by means of a cross pin 19.
  • the cross pin 19 penetrates the sleeve 18 and the tie rod end 13b and is held by means of a spring-loaded detent ball 20. In this way, the bush can be easily released by pulling out the cross pin 19 from the pull rod 13 if necessary.
  • the actuating lever 15 also acts on the transverse pin 19.
  • an adjusting sleeve 21 On the sleeve 18, an adjusting sleeve 21 is axially adjustable by means of a fine thread 22. With this adjusting sleeve 21, the biasing force of several plate springs 23 can be adjusted.
  • the plate springs 23 act in the tensioned position via an axial bearing 24 on the bottom 25a of a hollow handle 25.
  • the bottom 25a is connected to the end 14a of the screw spindle 14 opposite the fixed clamping jaw 2.
  • the hollow handle encloses the axial bearing 24, the plate springs 23 and part of the adjusting sleeve 21.
  • the spindle 14 can be rotated by means of the handle 25 and thus the movable jaw 3 can be adjusted relative to the fixed jaw 2.
  • the adjusting sleeve 21 By turning the adjusting sleeve 21 relative to the bush 18, the force of the plate spring assembly 23 and thus the clamping force that can be achieved with the machine vice can be adjusted.
  • the diameter of the shoulder 27 is larger than the part 18a which supports the plate springs.
  • a flange 28 is provided which is axially displaceable in a recess in the bottom 25a. The axial distance between the annular shoulder 26 and the flange 28 is equal to or slightly larger than the axial width of the axial bearing 24.
  • a compression spring 30 is arranged which concentrically surrounds the pull rod 13. This compression spring 30 presses the hollow spindle 14 to the right in the open position of the machine vice and also ensures that the clamping bolts 11 remain in their oblique position relative to the clamping sleeve axis A during the feed stroke.
  • the rotational movement of the clamping sleeve 6 relative to the housing 2 in the opening direction is by a second stop pin 31 and a stop surface interacting with it 32a, which is an end face of a recess 32 provided in the clamping sleeve 6.
  • the stop pin 31 is fixed in a semi-cylindrical recess in the housing 5.
  • the housing 5 is sealed by means of a cover 33 and filled with oil or fat, so that parts of the tensioning device and the power amplifier contained therein are insensitive and durable even under extreme operating conditions.
  • the mode of action is as follows:
  • the hollow spindle 14 is rotated by means of the handle 25.
  • the movable jaw is displaced by its thread engaging in the spindle nut 3a of the movable jaw 3.
  • the span of the machine vice can thus be infinitely adjusted.
  • the span is set approx. 2 mm larger than the dimension of the workpiece to be clamped so that it can be inserted into the machine vice unhindered.
  • Clamping and unclamping (quick clamping) of the workpiece is then carried out by means of the separate actuating lever 15.
  • the clamping sleeve according to FIG. 3 is turned so far to the right that the stop surface 32a lies against the stop bolt 31.
  • the second clamping ring 10 is rotated so far to the right that the stop pin 16 bears against the stop surface 17b.
  • the actuating lever then assumes the position shown in broken lines in FIG. 3.
  • the clamping bolts 11 initially remain in their oblique position with respect to the clamping sleeve axis A.
  • the first clamping ring 9 is thus also carried in the same direction of rotation. Since this is non-rotatably connected to the clamping sleeve 6, the clamping sleeve 6 is first rotated in the same direction of rotation. Due to the interaction of the external thread 7 with the nut thread 8, the clamping sleeve 6 moves to the left according to FIG. 1.
  • the second clamping ring 10 is shifted to the left and takes over the tie rod 13, the sleeve 18, the plate springs 23, the thrust bearing 24 and the bottom 25a with the screw 14, which in turn the movable jaw 3 moved in contact with the workpiece.
  • the path that the movable jaw 3 travels from its open position to its contact with the workpiece is referred to as the feed stroke. If this feed stroke is 2 mm, for example, the actuating lever 15 must be pivoted by an angle ⁇ of 72 ° according to FIG. 3.
  • the rotation of the second clamping ring 10 is continued until the axes a of the clamping bolts 11 are opposite by about 3 ° beyond their dead center position running parallel to the clamping sleeve axis A. are inclined to their starting position with respect to the clamping sleeve axis A. In this clamping position, the stop pin 16 then lies against the stop surface 17a of the clamping sleeve 6. This ensures a stable clamping position.
  • the second clamping ring 10 is shifted a little more to the left and thus also moves the pull rod 13 to the left by the same amount.
  • the plate springs 23 press with their preset clamping force via the axial bearing 24 onto the base 25a and thus onto the screw spindle 14. This presses the movable jaw 3 with the preset clamping force onto the workpiece. If the workpiece is machined, the resilience is retained thanks to the elasticity of the plate springs 23, although it drops somewhat.
  • the relaxation takes place in the reverse order in that the actuating lever 15 is pivoted to the right in the opposite direction of rotation according to FIG.
  • the second clamping ring 10 also rotates to the right until the stop pin 16 comes into contact with the stop surface 17b, which ensures that the clamping pins 11 are not tilted beyond the intended inclined position of 10 ° relative to the clamping sleeve axis A.
  • the compression spring 30 holds the second clamping ring 10 in constant contact with the clamping bolt 11 and also causes the screw spindle 14 to be moved to the right in the open position.
  • the clamping sleeve 6 is rotated clockwise according to FIG. 3 until its stop surface 32a comes into contact with the stop pin 31.
  • the actuating lever 15 thus again assumes its position shown in broken lines in FIG. 3.
  • the rotation of the clamping sleeve 6 relative to the housing 5 moves the 1 to the right and the screw 14 can follow under the action of the compression spring 30.
  • the movable jaw 3 is hereby completely moved into its open position.
  • the bushing 18 can be released from the pull rod 13 by pulling out the transverse pin 19, without the pre-tensioning of the disc springs 12 set by means of the adjusting sleeve 21 being influenced.
  • the screw spindle 14 together with the movable jaw 3 can be easily removed from the guide part 1b for cleaning and other purposes, for example also for clamping the vice.
  • the embodiment shown in Figure 2 differs only in the connection of the adjusting sleeve 21 to the tie rod 13.
  • the same reference numerals as in Figure 1 are used in Figure 2 for parts of the same function, so that a repeated description of these parts is unnecessary.
  • the adjusting sleeve 21, the plate springs 23 and the thrust bearing 24 are arranged directly on the end 13b of the pull rod 13.
  • the adjusting sleeve 21 is adjustable by means of a fine thread 22 relative to the pull rod 13.
  • the pull rod has, adjacent to its part 35 carrying the plate springs 23, an annular shoulder 36 on which the plate springs are supported as long as the power amplifier is not yet brought from its open position into its tensioned position.
  • the pull rod 13 has a section with a larger diameter than the supporting part 35, on which the axial bearing 24 is arranged.
  • the axial distance of the annular shoulder 36 from the bottom 25a of the handle 25 is the same or slightly larger than when the power amplifier is relaxed the axial width of the thrust bearing. This ensures, as in the previously described embodiment, that the strong spring force of the plate spring 23 is kept away from the thrust bearing 24 when the power amplifier is relaxed and thus the screw spindle 14 can be easily rotated by means of the handle 25 for rough adjustment of the jaw 3.
  • the clamping device is generally designed as a clamping device with a predetermined span in the sense of claim 1, then the hollow screw spindle 14 is omitted. In this case, the bushing 18 with its flange 28 is in direct contact with the movable jaw 3.
  • the angle of rotation ⁇ 1 of the actuating lever 15 should be less than 200 °, preferably less than 150 °. This is ensured in the machine vice according to the invention.
  • a feed stroke of 4 mm can be achieved by a rotation angle ⁇ of 144 °. This angle of rotation ⁇ is then followed by the angle ⁇ of 22 °, which is required to carry out the clamping stroke.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Gripping Jigs, Holding Jigs, And Positioning Jigs (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Spannvorrichtung mit Kraftverstärker, insbesondere Maschinenschraubstock, mit einem Spann-Vorrichtungskörper, einer daran angeordneten, feststehenden Backe und einer ihr gegenüber beweglichen Backe, zu deren Verstellung eine vom Kraftverstärker beaufschlagbare Stange vorgesehen ist, mit einer den Kraftverstärker umschließenden, drehbaren Spannhülse, welche ein Außengewinde aufweist und mit diesem in ein Muttergewinde eines sie umgebenden stationären Gehäuses eingreift und deren Drehbewegung gegenüber dem Gehäuse durch Anschlagflächen begrenzt ist, mit einem in der Spannhülse drehfest angeordneten ersten Spannring, mit einem in der Spannhülse begrenzt drehbar angeordneten zweiten Spannring, welcher mittels eines Betätigungshebels Für den Kraftverstärker drehbar ist, mit mehreren zwischen den Spannringen angeordneten Spannbolzen, die in einer Endlage (Öffnungsstellung) des zweiten Spannringes in spitzem Winkel zur Spannhülsenachse geneigt und in der anderen Endlage (Spannstellung) des zweiten Spannringes annähernd parallel zur Spannhülsenachse angeordnet sind, mit einer auf den zweiten Spannring in Richtung auf den ersten Spannring einwirkenden Druckfeder und mit einem Axiallager sowie mehreren im Bereich eines Handgriffs angeordneten Tellerfedern, deren Vorspannung durch eine Stellhülse einstellbar ist, die mittels des Kraftverstärkers weiter spannbar sind und in Spannstellung des zweiten Spannringes auf die Stange einwirken.The invention relates to a clamping device with a power amplifier, in particular a machine vice, with a clamping device body, a fixed jaw arranged thereon and a jaw movable relative to it, for the adjustment of which a rod which can be acted upon by the power amplifier is provided, with a rotatable clamping sleeve surrounding the power amplifier, which has an external thread and engages with it in a nut thread of a stationary housing surrounding it and whose rotational movement with respect to the housing is limited by stop surfaces, with a first clamping ring arranged in a rotationally fixed manner in the clamping sleeve, with a second clamping ring arranged in a rotatably limited manner in the clamping sleeve, which by means of An actuating lever for the power amplifier is rotatable, with several clamping bolts arranged between the clamping rings, which in an end position (open position) of the second clamping ring inclined at an acute angle to the clamping sleeve axis u nd in the other end position (clamping position) of the second clamping ring are arranged approximately parallel to the axis of the clamping sleeve, with a compression spring acting on the second clamping ring in the direction of the first clamping ring and with an axial bearing and several disc springs arranged in the area of a handle, the pretensioning of which by an adjusting sleeve is adjustable, which can be further tensioned by means of the power amplifier and act on the rod in the tensioning position of the second tensioning ring.

Bei einer Spannvorrichtung dieser Art (DE 37 29 093-C1) ist das die Spannhülse umgebende stationäre Gehäuse axial außerhalb eines stationären Teiles der Spannvorrichtung angeordnet. Die Spannhülse und etwa die Hälfte des Kraftverstärkers ragen axial aus dem Gehäuse heraus. Daran schließen sich noch in axialer Richtung die Tellerfedern und die Stellhülse an, die ihrerseits auf der Spannhülse verschraubbar ist. Aus der Spannhülse ragt dann auch noch der Handgriff der Schraubspindel heraus. Insgesamt wird durch die axiale Hintereinanderanordnung der genannten Bauteile im Anschluß an ein stationäres Teil des Vorrichtungskörpers die Gesamtbaulänge der Vorrichtung im Verhältnis zu Ihrer maxialen Spannweite recht groß. Die verhältnismäßig weit über den Vorrichtungs-körper hinausragenden Teile des Antriebes und des Kraftverstärkers sind auch der Gefahr einer Beschädigung ausgesetzt. Schließlich wird die bewegliche Backe durch eine in der hohlen Schraubspindel verstellbare Druckstange an das Werkstück angedrückt. Durch die hierbei erzeugten Spannkräfte ergeben sich an der festen Backe und dem stationären Teil des Vorrichtungskörpers entgegengesetzt zueinander nach außen gerichtete Kräfte, die zu einer Durchbiegung des Vorrichtungskörpers in seinem mittleren Teil nach oben führen können. Letzteres hat zur Folge, daß die Backen nicht mehr genau parallel zueinander verlaufen, sondern im oberen Bereich einen grüßeren Abstand haben als im unteren. Hierdurch wird das Werkstück nur noch im unteren Bereich der Backen gespannt.Die vorhergehend beschriebene bekannte Spannvorrichtung hat jedoch den Vorteil, daß dank der verschraubbaren Spannhülse und dem in ihr angeordneten Kraftverstärker bei verhältnismäßig kleinem Gesamtdrehwinkel des Betätigungshebels von weniger als 180° ein Öffnungs- und Spannhub der beweglichen Backe von etwa 2 - 4 mm und damit ein sogenanntes Schnellspannen mit Kraftverstärkung möglich ist.In a clamping device of this type (DE 37 29 093-C1), the stationary housing surrounding the clamping sleeve is arranged axially outside of a stationary part of the clamping device. The adapter sleeve and about half of the power amplifier protrude axially from the housing. That close in the axial direction, the disc springs and the adjusting sleeve, which in turn can be screwed onto the clamping sleeve. The handle of the screw spindle then also protrudes from the adapter sleeve. Overall, the total length of the device in relation to its maximum span is quite large due to the axial arrangement of the above-mentioned components following a stationary part of the device body. The parts of the drive and the power amplifier that protrude relatively far beyond the device body are also exposed to the risk of damage. Finally, the movable jaw is pressed against the workpiece by a push rod that is adjustable in the hollow screw spindle. The clamping forces generated in this way result in forces on the fixed jaw and the stationary part of the device body which are directed outwards in opposition to one another and which can lead to a deflection of the device body in its central part upwards. The latter has the result that the jaws no longer run exactly parallel to one another, but have a greater distance in the upper area than in the lower area. As a result, the workpiece is clamped only in the lower region of the jaws. However, the known clamping device described above has the advantage that thanks to the screwable clamping sleeve and the power amplifier arranged in it, an opening and clamping stroke with a relatively small total angle of rotation of the actuating lever of less than 180 ° the movable jaw of about 2 - 4 mm and so-called quick clamping with power amplification is possible.

Demgegenüber liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Spannvorrichtung mit Kraftverstärker, insbesondere einen Maschinenschraubstock, der eingangs genannten Art, unter Beibehaltung der Schnellspannung, zu schaffen, bei der das Verhältnis der maximalen Spannweite zur Gesamtbaulänge optimal groß ist, sowie Verformungen des Vorrichtungskörpers durch die Spannkräfte möglichst vermieden werden.In contrast, the invention has for its object to provide a clamping device with a power amplifier, in particular a machine vise of the type mentioned, while maintaining the quick clamping, in which the ratio of the maximum span to the overall length is optimally large, as well as deformations of the device body by the clamping forces should be avoided if possible.

Dies wird nach der Erfindung dadurch erreicht, daß das stationäre Gehäuse in dem Vorrichtungskörper unter der festen Backe angeordnet ist oder in dem unter der festen Backe befindlichen Bereich ausgebildet ist, daß der zweite Spannring mit dem einen Ende der sich durch den ersten Spannring und die bewegliche Backe erstreckenden und als Zugstange ausgebildeten Stange fest verbunden ist, mit deren anderem, aus der beweglichen Spannbacke herausgeführten Ende die Stellhülse verbunden und der Betätigungshebel verbindbar ist, und daß die Tellerfedern sich unter Zwischenschaltung des Axiallagers an der der festen Backe abgewandten Seite der beweglichen Backe abstützen.This is achieved according to the invention in that the stationary housing is arranged in the device body under the fixed jaw or is formed in the area located under the fixed jaw in that the second clamping ring with one end extending through the first clamping ring and the movable Cheek-extending and designed as a pull rod is firmly connected, with the other, led out of the movable jaw, the adjusting sleeve connected and the actuating lever is connectable, and that the disc springs are supported with the interposition of the axial bearing on the side of the movable jaw facing away from the fixed jaw .

Durch die Anordnung des stationären Gehäuses, der Spannhülse und des Kraftverstärkers, in dem unter der festen Backe befindlichen Bereich, wird eine besonders kurze Bauart der Spannvorrichtung erreicht, denn alle zur Erzeugung des Hochdruckspannens wesentlichen Bauteile sind in anderen, die Gesamtbaulänge der Spannvorrichtung, bestimmenden Bauteilen desselben integriert. Das Verhältnis der maximalen Spannweite zur Gesamtbaulänge ist damit optimal groß. Die empfindlichen Teile der Spannvorrichtung, wie Spannhülse und der Kraftverstärker selbst, sind im Bereich unter der festen Backe geschützt angeordnet. Auch die Tellerfedern, das Axiallager und die Stellhülse können gegebenenfalls geschützt innerhalb eines hohlen Handgriffes einer Schraubspindel angeordnet sein. Eine Beschädigungsgefahr ist damit weitgehend ausgeschlossen. Die Zugstange hat bei der neuen Spannvorrichtung eine zweifache Funktion. Sie dient einerseits zum Antrieb der Spannhülse und des Kraftverstärkers und andererseits überträgt sie die Spannkraft von dem am einen Ende der Spannvorrichtung angeordneten Kraftverstärker auf die am anderen Ende angeordnete Stellhülse und über die an ihr abgestützten Tellerfedern, das Axiallager und gegebenenfalls einer Schraubspindel auf die bewegliche Backe. Mittels der Zugstange wird beim Spannen eines Werkstückes die Spannkraft als Zugkraft direkt auf die bewegliche Backe übertragen, so daß der Vorrichtungskörper selbst von Einspannkräften weitgehend entlastet bleibt und Verformungen desselben sowie die damit verbundenen Nachteile nicht eintreten können.The arrangement of the stationary housing, the clamping sleeve and the power amplifier in the area under the fixed jaw results in a particularly short design of the clamping device, because all components essential for generating high-pressure clamping are in other components that determine the overall length of the clamping device integrated into it. The ratio of the maximum span to the overall length is thus optimally large. The sensitive parts of the clamping device, such as the clamping sleeve and the power amplifier itself, are protected in the area under the fixed jaw. The disc springs, the axial bearing and the adjusting sleeve can, if appropriate, be arranged in a protected manner within a hollow handle of a screw spindle. This largely eliminates the risk of damage. The pull rod has a dual function in the new tensioning device. It serves on the one hand to drive the clamping sleeve and the power amplifier, and on the other hand it transmits the clamping force from the power amplifier arranged at one end of the clamping device to the adjusting sleeve arranged at the other end and via the plate springs supported on it, the axial bearing and, if applicable, a screw spindle to the movable one Jaw. By means of the pull rod, when clamping a workpiece, the clamping force is transmitted directly to the movable jaw as a tensile force, so that the device body itself is largely relieved of clamping forces and deformations of the same and the associated disadvantages cannot occur.

Aus dem DE-GM 87 17 051 ist ein Maschinenschraubstock mit Antrieb durch eine Gewindespindel bekannt, bei dem durch die Anordnung des Spindelwiderlagers im Bereich unterhalb der festen Schraubstockbacke und der Spindelmutter an einem die bewegliche Backe tragenden Schieber beim Spannen eines Werkstückes mittels der Gewindespindel die Spannkraft als Zugkraft direkt auf die bewegliche Backe übertragen wird, so daß der Schraubstockkörper selbst von Einspannkräften weitgehend entlastet bleibt und Verformungen des Schraubstockkörpers, sowie die damit verbundenen Nachteile nicht eintreten können. Allerdings erfolgt bei diesem Schraubstock das Spannen durch Drehung einer ganz gewöhnlichen Gewindespindel, ohne daß eine Schnellspannung mit kleinem Gesamtdrehwinkel unter Kraftverstärkung möglich ist.From DE-GM 87 17 051 a machine vice with drive by a threaded spindle is known, in which the clamping force by the arrangement of the spindle abutment in the area below the fixed vice jaw and the spindle nut on a slide carrying the movable jaw when clamping a workpiece by means of the threaded spindle is transmitted as a tensile force directly to the movable jaw, so that the vice body itself is largely relieved of clamping forces and deformations of the vice body and the associated disadvantages cannot occur. However, this vice is clamped by rotating an ordinary threaded spindle, without rapid clamping with a small overall angle of rotation under power amplification.

Die Unteransprüche stellen weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung unter Schutz.The subclaims provide further advantageous refinements of the invention under protection.

Die Erfindung ist in folgendem, anhand von in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert.
Es zeigt:

Figur 1
einen Längsschnitt eines ersten Ausführungsbeispieles in Form eines Maschinenschraubstockes,
Figur 2
einen Teillängsschnitt einer zweiten Ausführungsform, ebenfalls in Form eines Maschinenschraubstockes,
Figur 3
einen Querschnitt nach der Linie III-III der Figur 1.
The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments shown in the drawing.
It shows:
Figure 1
2 shows a longitudinal section of a first exemplary embodiment in the form of a machine vice,
Figure 2
2 shows a partial longitudinal section of a second embodiment, likewise in the form of a machine vice,
Figure 3
a cross section along the line III-III of Figure 1.

Der Schraubstockkörper 1 besteht bei dem gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel aus einem Kopfteil 1a, welches mit einem Führungsteil 1b fest verschraubt ist. Kopfteil und Führungsteil können jedoch auch aus einem Stück bestehen. Das Kopfteil 1a trägt in seinem oberen Bereich eine feste Spannbacke 2, die in bekannter Weise auch vom Kopfteil lösbar sein kann. In dem Führungsteil 1b ist an nicht dargestellten Längsführungen die bewegliche Backe 3 verschiebbar gelagert. Auch hier kann die bewegliche Backe von einem sie tragenden Schieber lösbar sein, was jedoch der Einfachheit halber in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellt ist. In dem Kopfteil 1a des Schraubstockkörpers ist unter der festen Backe 2 in einer entsprechenden Ausnehmung 4 ein Gehäuse 5 drehfest und axial unverschiebbar angeordnet, d.h. starr mit dem Kopfteil 1a verbunden. Das Gehäuse 5 könnte gegebenenfalls auch mit dem Kopfteil 1a aus einem Stück bestehen. In dem Gehäuse 5 ist eine Spannhülse 6 begrenzt drehbar gelagert. Die Spannhülse 6 weist ein Außengewinde 7 auf, welches in ein entsprechendes Muttergewinde 8 des Gehäuses 5 eingreift. Die beiden Gewinde 7, 8 sind zweckmäßig als Grobgewinde (Steilgewinde) ausgebildet. Bei dem gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel ist das Mußengewinde 7 ein Trapezgewinde Tr 50 x 10 (mm), d.h. es hat bei einem Nenndurchmesser von 50 mm eine Steigung oder Ganghöhe von 10 mm. Da die Steigung des Außengewindes 7 wesentlich ist für den mit einem vorbestimmten Drehwinkel eines nachfolgend beschriebenen Betätigungshebels erreichbaren Zustell- bzw. Öffnungshub, und da das Außengewinde 7 stets Selbsthemmung aufweisen muß, läßt sich die Steigung nicht beliebig erhöhen. Aus diesem Grund ist es vorteilhaft, wenn das Außengewinde einen Nenndurchmesser von mindestens 44 mm bei einer Steigung von 8 mm aufweist.The vice body 1 in the embodiment shown consists of a head part 1a which is screwed to a guide part 1b. However, the head part and the guide part can also consist of one piece. The head part 1a carries a fixed part in its upper area Clamping jaw 2, which can also be detached from the head part in a known manner. In the guide part 1b, the movable jaw 3 is slidably mounted on longitudinal guides, not shown. Here, too, the movable jaw can be detachable from a slide carrying it, but this is not shown in the drawing for the sake of simplicity. In the head part 1a of the vice body, a housing 5 is arranged in a corresponding recess 4 under the fixed jaw 2 in a rotationally fixed and axially immovable manner, ie rigidly connected to the head part 1a. The housing 5 could optionally also be made in one piece with the head part 1a. In the housing 5, an adapter sleeve 6 is rotatably supported to a limited extent. The clamping sleeve 6 has an external thread 7, which engages in a corresponding nut thread 8 of the housing 5. The two threads 7, 8 are expediently designed as coarse threads (steep threads). In the exemplary embodiment shown, the required thread 7 is a trapezoidal thread Tr 50 x 10 (mm), ie it has a pitch or pitch of 10 mm with a nominal diameter of 50 mm. Since the pitch of the external thread 7 is essential for the infeed or opening stroke that can be achieved with a predetermined angle of rotation of an actuating lever described below, and since the external thread 7 must always have self-locking, the pitch cannot be increased arbitrarily. For this reason, it is advantageous if the external thread has a nominal diameter of at least 44 mm with a pitch of 8 mm.

Innerhalb der Spannhülse 6 ist ein erster Spannring 9 angeordnet und mit der Spannhülse fest verbunden. Der erste Spannring 9 und die Spannhülse 6 können auch wie gezeigt, aus einem Teil bestehen. Der Spannring 9 bildet ein erstes Teil eines von der Spannhülse 6 umschlossenen Kraftverstärkers. Ein zweiter Spannring 10 ist mit Abstand vom ersten Spannring 9 in der Spannhülse 6 begrenzt drehbar und axial verschiebbar angeordnet. Zwischen den beiden Spannringen 9, 10 sind insgesamt drei um jeweils 120° in Umfangsrichtung zueinander versetzte Spannbolzen 11 vorgesehen. Die Spannbolzen 11 nehmen in der einen Endlage des zweiten Spannringes 10, die der entspannten Öffnungsstellung des Maschinenschraubstockes entspricht, gegenüber der Achse A der Spannhülse 6 einen spitzen Winkel µ von beispielsweise 10° ein, wie es in Figur 1 mit strichpunktierten Linien angedeutet ist.A first clamping ring 9 is arranged within the clamping sleeve 6 and is firmly connected to the clamping sleeve. The first clamping ring 9 and the clamping sleeve 6 can also consist of one part, as shown. The clamping ring 9 forms a first part of a power amplifier enclosed by the clamping sleeve 6. A second clamping ring 10 can be rotated to a limited extent and axially in the clamping sleeve 6 at a distance from the first clamping ring 9 slidably arranged. Between the two clamping rings 9, 10 a total of three clamping bolts 11 are provided, each offset by 120 ° in the circumferential direction. In one end position of the second clamping ring 10, which corresponds to the relaxed open position of the machine vice, the clamping bolts 11 assume an acute angle μ of, for example, 10 ° with respect to the axis A of the clamping sleeve 6, as is indicated in FIG. 1 by dash-dotted lines.

Mit dem Spannring 10 ist über einen Querbolzen 12 das eine Ende 13a einer Zugstange 13 fest verbunden, die sich durch den anderen Spannring 9 und eine hohl ausgebildete Schraubspindel 14 hindurch erstreckt und mit ihrem anderen Ende 13b aus der Schraubspindel 14 herausgeführt ist. An diesem anderen Ende 13b der Zugstange 13 ist der strichpunktiert dargestellte Betätigungshebel 15 ansetzbar, mit dem die Zugstange und damit auch der zweite Spannring 10 gedreht werden können. In einer halbzylindrischen Ausnehmung des zweiten Spannringes 10 ist ein Anschlagbolzen 16 angeordnet. Die Spannhülse 6 weist eine erste Aussparung 17 auf, deren Endflächen 17a und 17b Anschlagflächen für den Anschlagbolzen 16 bilden. In der einen Endlage des Spannringes 10, die der entspannten Öffnungsstellung des Maschinenschraubstockes entspricht, liegt der Anschlagbolzen 16 an der Anschlagfläche 17b an. Die andere Endlage des zweiten Spannringes 10 wird durch die Anschlagfläche 17a bestimmt, an welcher der Anschlagbolzen 16 in Spannstellung des Maschinenschraubstockes anliegt. Beim Verschwenken des zweiten Spannringes 10 aus der Öffnungsstellung in die Spannstellung werden die in den Spannring 10 eingreifenden Enden der Spannbolzen 11 mitgenommen, so daß sich der Winkel µ zwischen den Spannbolzenachsen a und der Spannhülsenachse A verkleinert und kurz vor Erreichen der Spannstellung 0° wird. Die Anschlagfläche 17a ist so angeordnet, daß die Spannbolzen 11 in Spannstellung des Spannringes 10 stets geringfügig über ihre parallele Lage zur Spannhülsenachse A, d.h. über ihre Totpunktlage hinaus, bewegt sind, wodurch eine sichere Verriegelung des Kraftverstärkers erreicht wird.One end 13a of a pull rod 13 is fixedly connected to the clamping ring 10 via a transverse bolt 12, which extends through the other clamping ring 9 and a hollow screw spindle 14 and is led out of the screw spindle 14 with its other end 13b. At this other end 13b of the pull rod 13, the operating lever 15 shown in dash-dotted lines can be attached, with which the pull rod and thus also the second clamping ring 10 can be rotated. A stop pin 16 is arranged in a semi-cylindrical recess of the second clamping ring 10. The clamping sleeve 6 has a first recess 17, the end surfaces 17a and 17b of which form stop surfaces for the stop bolt 16. In the one end position of the clamping ring 10, which corresponds to the relaxed open position of the machine vice, the stop bolt 16 bears against the stop surface 17b. The other end position of the second clamping ring 10 is determined by the stop surface 17a, against which the stop bolt 16 rests in the clamping position of the machine vice. When pivoting the second clamping ring 10 from the open position into the clamping position, the ends of the clamping bolts 11 engaging in the clamping ring 10 are taken along, so that the angle μ between the clamping bolt axes a and the clamping sleeve axis A is reduced and shortly before reaching the clamping position it becomes 0 °. The stop surface 17a is arranged that the clamping bolts 11 are always slightly moved in the clamping position of the clamping ring 10 over their parallel position to the clamping sleeve axis A, ie beyond their dead center position, whereby a secure locking of the power amplifier is achieved.

Auf dem aus der Schraubspindel herausragenden Ende 13b der Zugstange 13 ist eine Büchse 18 angeordnet, die mittels eines Querstiftes 19 zugfest und drehfest mit dem Ende 13b verbunden ist. Der Querstift 19 durchdringt die Büchse 18 und das Zugstangenende 13b und ist mittels einer gefederten Rastkugel 20 gehalten. Auf diese Weise kann die Büchse durch Herausziehen des Querstiftes 19 von der Zugstange 13 im Bedarfsfalle leicht gelöst werden. An dem Querstift 19 greift außerdem der Betätigungshebel 15 an. Auf der Büchse 18 ist eine Stellhülse 21 mittels eines Feingewindes 22 axial verstellbar. Mit dieser Stellhülse 21 kann die Vorspannkraft mehrerer Tellerfedern 23 eingestellt werden. Die Tellerfedern 23 wirken in Spannstellung über ein Axiallager 24 auf den Boden 25a eines hohlen Handgriffes 25 ein. Der Boden 25a ist mit dem der festen Spannbacke 2 gegenüberliegenden Ende 14a der Schraubspindel 14 verbunden. Der hohle Handgriff umschließt das Axiallager 24, die Tellerfedern 23 und einen Teil der Stellhülse 21. Mittels des Handgriffes 25 kann die Spindel 14 gedreht und damit die bewegliche Backe 3 gegenüber der festen Backe 2 verstellt werden. Durch Verdrehung der Stellhülse 21 gegenüber der Büchse 18 läßt sich die Kraft des Tellerfederpaketes 23 und damit die mit dem Maschinenschraubstock erreichbare Spannkraft einstellen.On the end 13b of the pull rod 13 protruding from the screw spindle, a bushing 18 is arranged, which is connected to the end 13b in a tensile and rotationally fixed manner by means of a cross pin 19. The cross pin 19 penetrates the sleeve 18 and the tie rod end 13b and is held by means of a spring-loaded detent ball 20. In this way, the bush can be easily released by pulling out the cross pin 19 from the pull rod 13 if necessary. The actuating lever 15 also acts on the transverse pin 19. On the sleeve 18, an adjusting sleeve 21 is axially adjustable by means of a fine thread 22. With this adjusting sleeve 21, the biasing force of several plate springs 23 can be adjusted. The plate springs 23 act in the tensioned position via an axial bearing 24 on the bottom 25a of a hollow handle 25. The bottom 25a is connected to the end 14a of the screw spindle 14 opposite the fixed clamping jaw 2. The hollow handle encloses the axial bearing 24, the plate springs 23 and part of the adjusting sleeve 21. The spindle 14 can be rotated by means of the handle 25 and thus the movable jaw 3 can be adjusted relative to the fixed jaw 2. By turning the adjusting sleeve 21 relative to the bush 18, the force of the plate spring assembly 23 and thus the clamping force that can be achieved with the machine vice can be adjusted.

Da die von den Tellerfedern 23 erzeugte Vorspannkraft verhältnismäßig groß ist, würde sie trotz des Axiallagers 24 die Drehung der Schraubspindel 14 zur Grobeinstellung der Backe 3 behindern. Aus diesem Grund weist die Büchse 18 angrenzend an ihren die Tellerfeder tragenden Teil 18a eine Ringschulter 26 auf, an welcher sich ein Absatz 27 anschließt, auf dem das Axiallager 24 angeordnet ist. Der Durchmesser des Absatzes 27 ist größer als der die Tellerfedern tragende Teil 18a. Anschließend an den Absatz 27 ist ein Flansch 28 vorgesehen, der in einer Ausnehmung des Boden 25a axial verschiebbar ist. Der axiale Abstand zwischen der Ringschulter 26 und dem Flansch 28 ist gleich oder etwas größer als die axiale Breite des Axiallagers 24. Auf diese Weise liegen die Tellerfedern 23 in entspannter Stellung des Maschinenschraubstockes nicht oder nur mit sehr geringer Kraft an dem Axiallager 24 an und behindern damit die Drehung der Schraubspindel 14 in keiner Weise. Zwischen dem der feststehenden Backe 2 zugewandten Ende 14b der Schraubspindel 14 und dem Kopfteil 1a des Schraubstockkörpers 1 ist eine Druckfeder 30 angeordnet, welche die Zugstange 13 konzentrisch umgibt. Diese Druckfeder 30 drückt die Hohlspindel 14 nach rechts in Öffnungsstellung des Maschinenschraubstockes und sorgt außerdem dafür, daß die Spannbolzen 11 während des Zustellhubes in ihrer gegenüber der Spannhülsenachse A schrägen Stellung verbleiben.Since the biasing force generated by the plate springs 23 is relatively large, it would impede the rotation of the screw spindle 14 for the rough adjustment of the jaw 3 despite the axial bearing 24. For this reason, the sleeve 18 adjacent to its part 18a carrying the plate spring, an annular shoulder 26, to which a shoulder 27 adjoins, on which the axial bearing 24 is arranged. The diameter of the shoulder 27 is larger than the part 18a which supports the plate springs. Following the shoulder 27, a flange 28 is provided which is axially displaceable in a recess in the bottom 25a. The axial distance between the annular shoulder 26 and the flange 28 is equal to or slightly larger than the axial width of the axial bearing 24. In this way, the plate springs 23 do not rest against the axial bearing 24 or obstruct them only with very little force in the relaxed position of the machine vice thus the rotation of the screw spindle 14 in no way. Between the end 14b of the screw spindle 14 facing the fixed jaw 2 and the head part 1a of the vice body 1, a compression spring 30 is arranged which concentrically surrounds the pull rod 13. This compression spring 30 presses the hollow spindle 14 to the right in the open position of the machine vice and also ensures that the clamping bolts 11 remain in their oblique position relative to the clamping sleeve axis A during the feed stroke.

Damit der Betätigungshebel 15 beim Spannen und Öffnen des Maschinenschraubstockes sich immer innerhalb eines vorbestimmten Winkelbereiches bewegt, was für eine Schnellspannung von wesentlicher Bedeutung ist, ist die Drehbewegung der Spannhülse 6 gegenüber dem Gehäuse 2 in Öffnungsrichtung durch einen zweiten Anschlagbolzen 31 und eine mit ihm zusammenwirkende Anschlagfläche 32a begrenzt, die eine Endfläche einer in der Spannhülse 6 vorgesehenen Aussparung 32 ist. Der Anschlagbolzen 31 ist in einer halbzylindrischen Ausnehmung des Gehäuses 5 fixiert. Eine zusätzliche Verdrehfeder 34 zwischen den beiden Spannringen 9, 10 sorgt zusammen mit den Anschlagbolzen 16, 31 und den Anschlagflächen 17b und 32a für eine definierte Ausgangslage des Betätigungshebels 15 vor jedem Spannvorgang.So that the actuating lever 15 always moves within a predetermined angular range when clamping and opening the machine vice, which is essential for quick clamping, the rotational movement of the clamping sleeve 6 relative to the housing 2 in the opening direction is by a second stop pin 31 and a stop surface interacting with it 32a, which is an end face of a recess 32 provided in the clamping sleeve 6. The stop pin 31 is fixed in a semi-cylindrical recess in the housing 5. An additional torsion spring 34 between the two clamping rings 9, 10 together with the stop bolts 16, 31 and the stop surfaces 17b and 32a for a defined starting position of the actuating lever 15 before each clamping operation.

Das Gehäuse 5 ist mittels eines Deckels 33 dicht abgeschlossen und mit Öl oder Fett gefüllt, so daß in ihm enthaltene Teile der Spanneinrichtung und des Kraftverstärkers auch bei extremen Einsatzbedingungen unempfindlich und langlebig sind.The housing 5 is sealed by means of a cover 33 and filled with oil or fat, so that parts of the tensioning device and the power amplifier contained therein are insensitive and durable even under extreme operating conditions.

Die Wirkungsweise ist folgende:The mode of action is as follows:

Zur Grobeinstellung der Spannweite des Maschinenschraubstockes wird die Hohlspindel 14 mittels des Handgriffes 25 gedreht. Durch ihr in die Spindelmutter 3a der beweglichen Backe 3 eingreifendes Gewinde wird die bewegliche Backe verschoben. Die Spannweite des Maschinenschraubstockes läßt sich somit stufenlos einstellen. In der Praxis wird die Spannweite ca. 2 mm größer als die zu spannende Abmessung des Werkstückes eingestellt, damit dieses ungehindert in den Maschinenschraubstock eingelegt werden kann.For rough adjustment of the span of the machine vice, the hollow spindle 14 is rotated by means of the handle 25. The movable jaw is displaced by its thread engaging in the spindle nut 3a of the movable jaw 3. The span of the machine vice can thus be infinitely adjusted. In practice, the span is set approx. 2 mm larger than the dimension of the workpiece to be clamped so that it can be inserted into the machine vice unhindered.

Das Ein- und Ausspannen (Schnellspannen) des Werkstückes erfolgt dann mittels des separaten Betätigungshebels 15. In Öffnungsstellung des Maschinenschraubstockes ist die Spannhülse gemäß Figur 3 so weit nach rechts verdreht, daß die Anschlagfläche 32a an dem Anschlagbolzen 31 anliegt. Außerdem ist der zweite Spannring 10 so weit nach rechts verdreht, daß der Anschlagbolzen 16 an der Anschlagfläche 17b anliegt. Der Betätigungshebel nimmt dann die in Figur 3 strichpunktiert dargestellte Lage ein. Durch Schwenken des Betätigungshebels 15 gemäß Figur 3 nach links entgegen dem Uhrzeigersinn wird die Zugstange 13 und damit auch der zweite Spannring 10 gedreht. Unter Wirkung der Druckfeder 30 sowie der Drehfeder 34 verbleiben die Spannbolzen 11 zunächst in ihrer gegenüber der Spannhülsenachse A schrägen Lage. Bei der anfänglichen Drehung des zweiten Spannringes 10 wird damit auch der erste Spannring 9 in der gleichen Drehrichtung mitgenommen. Da dieser drehfest mit der Spannhülse 6 verbunden ist, wird zunächst auch die Spannhülse 6 in der gleichen Drehrichtung gedreht. Durch das Zusammenwirken des Außengewindes 7 mit dem Muttergewinde 8 bewegt sich die Spannhülse 6 gemäß Figur 1 nach links. Über den ersten Spannring 9 und die Spannbolzen 11 wird auch der zweite Spannring 10 nach links verschoben und nimmt über die Zugstange 13, die Büchse 18, die Tellerfedern 23, das Axiallager 24 und dem Boden 25a die Schraubspindel 14 mit, die ihrerseits die bewegliche Backe 3 in Anlage an das Werkstück bewegt. Den Weg, den dabei die bewegliche Backe 3 von ihrer Öffnungsstellung bis zur Anlage am Werkstück zurücklegt, bezeichnet man als Zustellhub. Beträgt dieser Zustellhub beispielsweise 2 mm, so muß hierfür gemäß Figur 3 der Betätigungshebel 15 um einen Winkel β von 72° verschwenkt werden.Clamping and unclamping (quick clamping) of the workpiece is then carried out by means of the separate actuating lever 15. In the open position of the machine vice, the clamping sleeve according to FIG. 3 is turned so far to the right that the stop surface 32a lies against the stop bolt 31. In addition, the second clamping ring 10 is rotated so far to the right that the stop pin 16 bears against the stop surface 17b. The actuating lever then assumes the position shown in broken lines in FIG. 3. By pivoting the actuating lever 15 according to Figure 3 to the left counterclockwise, the pull rod 13 and thus the second clamping ring 10 is rotated. Under the action of the compression spring 30 and the torsion spring 34, the clamping bolts 11 initially remain in their oblique position with respect to the clamping sleeve axis A. During the initial rotation of the second clamping ring 10, the first clamping ring 9 is thus also carried in the same direction of rotation. Since this is non-rotatably connected to the clamping sleeve 6, the clamping sleeve 6 is first rotated in the same direction of rotation. Due to the interaction of the external thread 7 with the nut thread 8, the clamping sleeve 6 moves to the left according to FIG. 1. About the first clamping ring 9 and the clamping bolt 11, the second clamping ring 10 is shifted to the left and takes over the tie rod 13, the sleeve 18, the plate springs 23, the thrust bearing 24 and the bottom 25a with the screw 14, which in turn the movable jaw 3 moved in contact with the workpiece. The path that the movable jaw 3 travels from its open position to its contact with the workpiece is referred to as the feed stroke. If this feed stroke is 2 mm, for example, the actuating lever 15 must be pivoted by an angle β of 72 ° according to FIG. 3.

Sobald die Backe 3 am Werkstück anliegt, steigt das Drehmoment an und eine weitere Drehung der Spannhülse 6 wird durch die Gewinde 7, 8 blockiert. Es kann sich damit auch der erste Spannring 9 nicht weiterdrehen. Jetzt erfolgt der eigentliche Spannhub. Bei Weiterdrehung des zweiten Spannringes 10 gemäß Figur 3 nach links, werden die Spannbolzen 11 aufgerichtet, d.h. der Winkel u gegenüber der Spannhülsenachse A nimmt ab. Durch dieses Aufrichten der Spannbolzen 11 vergrößert sich der Abstand zwischen den beiden Spannringen 9, 10. Die Drehung des zweiten Spannringes 10 wird so weit fortgesetzt, bis die Achsen a der Spannbolzen 11 über ihre parallel zur Spannhülsenachse A verlaufende Totpunktlage hinaus um etwa 3° entgegengesetzt zu ihrer Ausgangsstellung gegenüber der Spannhülsenachse A geneigt sind. In dieser Spannstellung liegt dann der Anschlagbolzen 16 an der Anschlagfläche 17a der Spannhülse 6 an. Hiermit ist eine stabile Spannstellung erreicht. Durch die Vergrößerung des Abstandes zwischen den beiden Spannringen 9, 10 während des Spannhubes um etwa 0,44 mm wird der zweite Spannring 10 noch etwas mehr nach links verschoben und verschiebt damit auch die Zugstange 13 um den gleichen Betrag nach links. Hierdurch drücken die Tellerfedern 23 mit ihrer voreingestellten Spannkraft über das Axiallager 24 auf den Boden 25a und damit auf die Schraubspindel 14. Diese drückt damit die bewegliche Backe 3 mit der voreingestellten Spannkraft an das Werkstück an. Bei einem eventuellen Machgeben des Werkstückes bleibt die Spannkraft dank der Elastizität der Tellerfedern 23 erhalten, wenngleich sie etwas absinkt.As soon as the jaw 3 rests on the workpiece, the torque increases and a further rotation of the clamping sleeve 6 is blocked by the threads 7, 8. The first clamping ring 9 can therefore also no longer rotate. Now the actual clamping stroke takes place. When the second clamping ring 10 continues to rotate to the left according to FIG. 3, the clamping bolts 11 are erected, ie the angle u with respect to the clamping sleeve axis A decreases. This erection of the clamping bolts 11 increases the distance between the two clamping rings 9, 10. The rotation of the second clamping ring 10 is continued until the axes a of the clamping bolts 11 are opposite by about 3 ° beyond their dead center position running parallel to the clamping sleeve axis A. are inclined to their starting position with respect to the clamping sleeve axis A. In this clamping position, the stop pin 16 then lies against the stop surface 17a of the clamping sleeve 6. This ensures a stable clamping position. By increasing the distance between the two clamping rings 9, 10 during the clamping stroke by approximately 0.44 mm, the second clamping ring 10 is shifted a little more to the left and thus also moves the pull rod 13 to the left by the same amount. As a result, the plate springs 23 press with their preset clamping force via the axial bearing 24 onto the base 25a and thus onto the screw spindle 14. This presses the movable jaw 3 with the preset clamping force onto the workpiece. If the workpiece is machined, the resilience is retained thanks to the elasticity of the plate springs 23, although it drops somewhat.

Das Entspannen erfolgt in umgekehrter Reihenfolge, indem der Betätigungshebel 15 gemäß Figur 3 in entgegengesetzter Drehrichtung nach rechts verschwenkt wird. Hierbei dreht sich der zweite Spannring 10 ebenfalls nach rechts bis der Anschlagbolzen 16 an der Anschlagfläche 17b zur Anlage kommt, wodurch sichergestellt ist, daß die Spannbolzen 11 nicht über die vorgesehene Schrägstellung von 10° gegenüber der Spannhülsenachse A gekippt werden. Die Druckfeder 30 hält den zweiten Spannring 10 in ständiger Anlage an den Spannbolzen 11 und bewirkt außerdem, daß die Schraubspindel 14 nach rechts in Öffnungsstellung bewegt wird. Sobald der Anschlagbolzen 16 an dem Anschlag 17b anliegt, wird die Spannhülse 6 gemäß Figur 3 im Uhrzeigersinn gedreht, so lange, bis ihre Anschlagfläche 32a an dem Anschlagbolzen 31 zur Anlage kommt. Damit nimmt der Betätigungshebel 15 wieder seine in Figur 3 strichpunktiert dargestellte Lage ein. Durch die Verdrehung der Spannhülse 6 gegenüber dem Gehäuse 5 bewegt sich die Spannhülse gemäß Figur 1 nach rechts und die Schraubspindel 14 kann unter Wirkung der Druckfeder 30 folgen. Die bewegliche Backe 3 wird hiermit vollständig in ihre Öffnungsstellung bewegt.The relaxation takes place in the reverse order in that the actuating lever 15 is pivoted to the right in the opposite direction of rotation according to FIG. Here, the second clamping ring 10 also rotates to the right until the stop pin 16 comes into contact with the stop surface 17b, which ensures that the clamping pins 11 are not tilted beyond the intended inclined position of 10 ° relative to the clamping sleeve axis A. The compression spring 30 holds the second clamping ring 10 in constant contact with the clamping bolt 11 and also causes the screw spindle 14 to be moved to the right in the open position. As soon as the stop pin 16 bears against the stop 17b, the clamping sleeve 6 is rotated clockwise according to FIG. 3 until its stop surface 32a comes into contact with the stop pin 31. The actuating lever 15 thus again assumes its position shown in broken lines in FIG. 3. The rotation of the clamping sleeve 6 relative to the housing 5 moves the 1 to the right and the screw 14 can follow under the action of the compression spring 30. The movable jaw 3 is hereby completely moved into its open position.

Bei dem in Figur 1 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel kann durch Herausziehen des Querstiftes 19 die Büchse 18 von der Zugstange 13 gelöst werden, ohne daß die mittels der Stellhülse 21 eingestellte Vorspannung der Tellerfedern 12 beeinflußt wird. Nach dem Lösen der Büchse 18 kann man die Schraubspindel 14 zusammen mit der beweglichen Backe 3 aus dem Führungsteil 1b zu Reinigungs- und sonstigen Zwecken, beispielsweise auch zum Aufspannen des Schraubstockes, leicht entfernen.In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the bushing 18 can be released from the pull rod 13 by pulling out the transverse pin 19, without the pre-tensioning of the disc springs 12 set by means of the adjusting sleeve 21 being influenced. After the bushing 18 has been released, the screw spindle 14 together with the movable jaw 3 can be easily removed from the guide part 1b for cleaning and other purposes, for example also for clamping the vice.

Das in Figur 2 dargestellte Ausführungsbeispiel unterscheidet sich nur in der Verbindung der Stellhülse 21 mit der Zugstange 13. Es sind in Figur 2 für Teile gleicher Funktion die gleichen Bezugszeichen wie in Figur 1 verwendet, so daß sich eine nochmalige Beschreibung dieser Teile erübrigt. Bei dem in Figur 2 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel sind die Stellhülse 21, die Tellerfedern 23 und das Axiallager 24 auf dem Ende 13b der Zugstange 13 unmittelbar angeordnet. Die Stellhülse 21 ist mittels eines Feingewindes 22 gegenüber der Zugstange 13 einstellbar. Die Zugstange weist angrenzend an ihren die Tellerfedern 23 tragenden Teil 35 eine Ringschulter 36 auf, an welcher sich die Tellerfedern abstützen, solange der Kraftverstärker noch nicht aus seiner Öffnungsstellung in seine Spannstellung gebracht wird. Anschließend an die Ringschulter 36 weist die Zugstange 13 einen im Durchmesser gegenüber dem tragenden Teil 35 größeren Abschnitt auf, auf welchem das Axiallager 24 angeordnet ist. Der axiale Abstand der Ringschulter 36 vom Boden 25a des Handgriffs 25 ist bei entspanntem Kraftverstärker gleich oder etwas größer als die axiale Breite des Axiallagers. Hierdurch wird, wie beim vorhergehend beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiel, erreicht, daß bei entspanntem Kraftverstärker die starke Federkraft der Tellerfeder 23 von dem Axiallager 24 ferngehalten wird und damit die Schraubspindel 14 mittels des Handgriffes 25 zur Grobeinstellung der Backe 3 leicht gedreht werden kann.The embodiment shown in Figure 2 differs only in the connection of the adjusting sleeve 21 to the tie rod 13. The same reference numerals as in Figure 1 are used in Figure 2 for parts of the same function, so that a repeated description of these parts is unnecessary. In the embodiment shown in Figure 2, the adjusting sleeve 21, the plate springs 23 and the thrust bearing 24 are arranged directly on the end 13b of the pull rod 13. The adjusting sleeve 21 is adjustable by means of a fine thread 22 relative to the pull rod 13. The pull rod has, adjacent to its part 35 carrying the plate springs 23, an annular shoulder 36 on which the plate springs are supported as long as the power amplifier is not yet brought from its open position into its tensioned position. Following the annular shoulder 36, the pull rod 13 has a section with a larger diameter than the supporting part 35, on which the axial bearing 24 is arranged. The axial distance of the annular shoulder 36 from the bottom 25a of the handle 25 is the same or slightly larger than when the power amplifier is relaxed the axial width of the thrust bearing. This ensures, as in the previously described embodiment, that the strong spring force of the plate spring 23 is kept away from the thrust bearing 24 when the power amplifier is relaxed and thus the screw spindle 14 can be easily rotated by means of the handle 25 for rough adjustment of the jaw 3.

Wenn die Spannvorrichtung allgemein als Spannvorrichtung mit vorbestimmter Spannweite im Sinne von Anspruch 1 konzipiert wird, dann entfällt die hohle Schraubspindel 14. In diesem Fall liegt dann die Büchse 18 mit ihrem Flansch 28 unmittelbar an der beweglichen Backe 3 an.If the clamping device is generally designed as a clamping device with a predetermined span in the sense of claim 1, then the hollow screw spindle 14 is omitted. In this case, the bushing 18 with its flange 28 is in direct contact with the movable jaw 3.

Beim Schnellspannen von Werkstücken sollte der Drehwinkel β1 des Betätigungshebels 15 kleiner sein als 200°, vorzugsweise kleiner als 150°. Dies ist bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Maschinenschraubstock gewährleistet. Durch einen Drehwinkel β von 144 ° läßt sich nämlich ein Zustellhub von 4 mm erreichen. An diesen Drehwinkel β schließt sich dann noch der Winkel α von 22° an, der zur Ausführung des Spannhubes erforderlich ist.When quickly clamping workpieces, the angle of rotation β1 of the actuating lever 15 should be less than 200 °, preferably less than 150 °. This is ensured in the machine vice according to the invention. A feed stroke of 4 mm can be achieved by a rotation angle β of 144 °. This angle of rotation β is then followed by the angle α of 22 °, which is required to carry out the clamping stroke.

Claims (14)

  1. Chucking device with power assist, more especially a machine tool chuck, with a chuck body (1), with a fixed jaw (2) disposed thereon, and with a jaw (3) movable relative to the latter, for the displacement of which there is provided a rod which may be acted upon by the power assist, and with a rotatable clamp sleeve (6), having an external thread (7) and surrounding the power assist, said clamp sleeve (6) engaging with said external thread (7) in a nut tapping (8) of a stationary casing (5) surrounding it, the rotation of which relative to the casing being limited by stop surfaces (17a, 17b), with a clamp ring (9) non-rotarily disposed in the clamp sleeve, and with a second clamp ring (10), which is disposed with limited rotation in the clamp sleeve, said second clamp ring (10) being rotatable by means of an actuating lever (15) for the power assist, with a plurality of clamp bolts (11), disposed between the clamp rings, and which, in one end position (open position) of the second clamp ring, are inclined at an acute angle to the axis of the clamp sleeve, and in the other end position (clamped position) of the second clamp ring, are disposed approximately parallel to the axis of the clamp sleeve, with a pressure spring (34) acting on the first clamp ring in the direction of the second clamp ring, and with an axial bearing (24), and with a plurality of disc springs (23) disposed in the region of a handle, the initial tension of said disc springs (23) being adjustable by means of an adjusting sleeve (21), said disc springs (23) being further tensionable by the power assist and, in the tensioned position on the second clamp ring, acting on the rod, characterised in that the stationary casing (5) is disposed in the chuck body (1, 1a) beneath the fixed jaw (2), or is formed in the region located beneath the fixed jaw (2), in that the second clamp ring (10) is securely connected to one end (13a) of the rod, extending through the first clamp ring (9) and the movable jaw (3) and designed as a draw rod (13), the adjusting sleeve (21) is connected with its other end (13b) projecting out of the movable clamp jaw, and the actuating lever (15) is connectable thereto, and in that the disc springs (23) are supported, with interposition of the axial bearing (24), on the side of the movable jaw (3) facing away from the fixed jaw (2).
  2. Chucking device according to claim 1, characterised in that the draw rod (13) is surrounded by a hollow screw spindle (14) which is rotatable by means of a hollow handle (25), and which may be screwed into the movable jaw (3), and in that the disc springs (23) and at least a portion of the adjusting sleeve (21) are disposed in the handle (25), and are supported, with interposition of the axial bearing (24), on the side of the movable jaw (3) facing away from the fixed jaw (2).
  3. Chucking device according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the adjusting sleeve (21), the disc springs (23) and the axial bearing (24) are disposed on a bush (18) connected in a tension-proof manner to the draw rod (13), and in that the adjusting sleeve (21) is adjustable axially relative to the bush (18) by means of a fine thread (22).
  4. Chucking device according to claim 3, characterised in that the bush (18) is detachably connected to the draw rod by means of a transverse pin (19) passing through said bush (18) and the draw rod (13).
  5. Chucking device according to claim 3 or 4, characterised in that the bush (18) has, adjacent to its portion (18a) supporting the disc springs (23), an annular shoulder (26) upon which the disc springs are supported, and continuous therefrom an extension (27) whose diameter is larger than that of the supporting portion (18a), upon which the axial bearing (24) is disposed, and in that continuing from this extension (27) there is provided a flange (28), which is displaceable in a recess (29) of the movable jaw (3) or of the base (25a) of the handle (25), the axial distance between annular shoulder (26) and flange (28) being equal to, or slightly greater than, the axial width of the axial bearing (24).
  6. Chucking device according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the adjusting sleeve (21), the disc springs (23) and the axial bearing (24) are disposed on the draw rod (13) itself, and in that the adjusting sleeve (21) is adjustable relative to the draw rod (13) by means of a fine thread (22).
  7. Chucking device according to claim 6, characterised in that the draw rod (13) has, adjacent to its portion (35) supporting the disc springs (23), an annular shoulder (36), upon which the disc springs (23) are supported, and continuing therefrom a portion (37) with a diameter larger than that of the supporting portion (35), and on which the axial bearing (24) is disposed, the axial distance of the annular shoulder (36) from the base (25a) of the handle (25) when the power assist is inactive, being slightly greater than the axial width of the axial bearing (24).
  8. Chucking device according to claim 2, characterised in that the pressure spring (30) surrounds the draw rod (13), and is disposed between the end (14b) of the screw spindle ((14) facing the fixed jaw (2) and the portion (1a) of the chuck body (1) surrounding the power assist, or the casing (5).
  9. Chucking device according to claim 1, characterised in that the external thread (7) on the clamp sleeve (6) is a coarse thread.
  10. Chucking device according to claim 9, characterised in that the external thread (7) has a nominal diameter of at least 44 mm with a pitch (lead) of at least 8 mm.
  11. Chucking device according to claim 10, characterised in that the external thread (7) is a trapezoidal thread Tr 50 x 10 (mm).
  12. Chucking device according to claim 1, characterised in that the rotary angle (α) of the second clamp ring (10) is restricted relative to the clamp sleeve (6) by stop means (16, 17a, 17b) in such a way that the clamp bolts (11), in the clamped position of the second clamp ring (10) are always moved beyond their parallel position (dead-centre position) relative to the axis (A) of the clamp sleeve.
  13. Chucking device according to claim 12, characterised in that the rotary angle (α) of the second clamp ring (10) relative to the clamp sleeve (6) is smaller than 25°.
  14. Chucking device according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterised in that the maximum rotary angle (β1) of the actuating lever (15) relative to the casing (5) is smaller than approximately 150 °.
EP91107821A 1990-06-07 1991-05-15 Chucking device with power assist, especially machine vice Expired - Lifetime EP0463344B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4018284A DE4018284C1 (en) 1990-06-07 1990-06-07
DE4018284 1990-06-07

Publications (3)

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EP0463344A2 EP0463344A2 (en) 1992-01-02
EP0463344A3 EP0463344A3 (en) 1992-03-18
EP0463344B1 true EP0463344B1 (en) 1994-07-27

Family

ID=6407982

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91107821A Expired - Lifetime EP0463344B1 (en) 1990-06-07 1991-05-15 Chucking device with power assist, especially machine vice

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US (1) US5171004A (en)
EP (1) EP0463344B1 (en)
JP (1) JP3200091B2 (en)
DE (1) DE4018284C1 (en)

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DE10140191B4 (en) * 2000-05-23 2009-06-18 Georg Kesel Gmbh & Co. Kg Quick clamping device
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WO2021151668A1 (en) 2020-01-31 2021-08-05 cutpack.com GmbH Clamping device for clamping a workpiece

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE4018284C1 (en) 1991-04-18
EP0463344A2 (en) 1992-01-02
US5171004A (en) 1992-12-15
JPH0592374A (en) 1993-04-16
EP0463344A3 (en) 1992-03-18
JP3200091B2 (en) 2001-08-20

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