EP0461160B1 - Vorrichtung zur herstellung von ersatzschnee - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zur herstellung von ersatzschnee Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0461160B1
EP0461160B1 EP90904191A EP90904191A EP0461160B1 EP 0461160 B1 EP0461160 B1 EP 0461160B1 EP 90904191 A EP90904191 A EP 90904191A EP 90904191 A EP90904191 A EP 90904191A EP 0461160 B1 EP0461160 B1 EP 0461160B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
environment
snow
tent
dome
light
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Revoked
Application number
EP90904191A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0461160A1 (de
EP0461160A4 (en
Inventor
Andrew Boyd French
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Polar Technologies International Pty Ltd
Original Assignee
Polar Technologies International Pty Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Polar Technologies International Pty Ltd filed Critical Polar Technologies International Pty Ltd
Priority to EP00203328A priority Critical patent/EP1065456B1/de
Priority to EP97107403A priority patent/EP0798520B1/de
Publication of EP0461160A1 publication Critical patent/EP0461160A1/de
Publication of EP0461160A4 publication Critical patent/EP0461160A4/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0461160B1 publication Critical patent/EP0461160B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Revoked legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25C—PRODUCING, WORKING OR HANDLING ICE
    • F25C3/00—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for producing ice or snow for winter sports or similar recreational purposes, e.g. for sporting installations; Producing artificial snow
    • F25C3/04—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for producing ice or snow for winter sports or similar recreational purposes, e.g. for sporting installations; Producing artificial snow for sledging or ski trails; Producing artificial snow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25C—PRODUCING, WORKING OR HANDLING ICE
    • F25C2303/00—Special arrangements or features for producing ice or snow for winter sports or similar recreational purposes, e.g. for sporting installations; Special arrangements or features for producing artificial snow
    • F25C2303/044—Snow making using additional features, e.g. additives, liquid gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25C—PRODUCING, WORKING OR HANDLING ICE
    • F25C2303/00—Special arrangements or features for producing ice or snow for winter sports or similar recreational purposes, e.g. for sporting installations; Special arrangements or features for producing artificial snow
    • F25C2303/048—Snow making by using means for spraying water
    • F25C2303/0481—Snow making by using means for spraying water with the use of compressed air

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for making snow, and in particular, to providing a snow-making environment wherein snow can be produced under controlled conditions.
  • US-A-2,968,164 describes a mobile apparatus which purports to form and distribute snow in ambient temperatures of up to 30°C.
  • the apparatus comprises a water tank installed on the back of a vehicle wherein a stream of water is directed from the tank into the path of a volume of moving air which is provided by a propeller also mounted on the back of the truck.
  • the effectiveness of this device is however dependent upon the ambient temperature and/or humidity conditions within which the device is operated.
  • the present invention seeks to provide a controlled environment, such that the production of snow 24 hours a day, 365 days of a year, is facilitated, by providing a snow-making environment, wherein the temperature, humidity and/or other environmental factors are controlled.
  • a light-weight portable snow making apparatus which is easily transported for assembly and use at any selected location comprising an artificial environment provided within a stowable tent or dome-like structure; means for controlling the temperature and humidity within the environment and at least one snow gun having at least the nozzle provided within or adjacent to the environment.
  • the artificial snow-making environment 1 comprises a tent or dome-like structure 2, which separates a closed environment system 3 from the external natural environment 4.
  • the tent or dome-like structure 2 may be constructed in a variety of ways and utilising a variety of materials, however, obviously, the structure 2 preferably has some degree of thermal insulating characteristics, such that the energy required to achieve the desired parameters of the artificial environment 3 is minimised.
  • Temperature, humidity and otherwise conditioned air is supplied into the controlled environment 3 by means of appropriate machinery, generally designated by the numeral 5.
  • the machinery consists of a fan or air pump 6 which facilitates the recycling or intake of air from the external environment 4.
  • the air is passed through a chiller 7 and dehumidifier 8 and is exhaled into the controlled environment 3 via a nozzle 9.
  • the water and air pipes 11 also preferably passed through a chiller.
  • the nozzle 9 is preferably able to be swivelled such that the chilled and dehumidified air may be supplied into the controlled environment 3 at any desired direction.
  • both temperature and humidity are preferably as low as possible, however in an environment which is above 0°C at high humidity, it is still possible to produce snow.
  • the optimum conditions would be at temperatures approaching -273°C and at humidity approaching zero levels.
  • a snow gun 10 is also supplied within the closed controlled environment 3.
  • the snow gun 10 is of any conventional type, requiring air and water hoses 11 for the production of snow.
  • the snow-making apparatus is assembled as follows.
  • the apparatus which is preferably on a ski like structure, for easy transportation, is dragged to the required position by means of a skidoo or the like.
  • the tent or dome-like structure 2 is then dragged over the snow gun 10 and the nozzle of the chilling and dehumidifying machinery 5.
  • the tent or dome-like structure 2 is preferably connected to the ground surface by a plurality of tent pegs or weights around the perimeter thereof.
  • the tent or dome-like structure 2 may be simply inflated by supplying air through the nozzle 9 of the machinery 5.
  • FIG. 2 a preferred embodiment of the snow-making apparatus, illustrating the portability of the invention. That is, the snow-making apparatus, comprising the fan 6, the chiller 7 and the dehumidifier 8, together with a storage facility 13 for the tent or dome-like structure 2 are provided on a ski-like arrangement 14.
  • the tent or dome-like structure 2 may simply be withdrawn from the storage means 13 and dragged forwardly to cover the nozzle 9 of the machinery 5.
  • the snow-making device and method of the present invention provides a closed environment system wherein the temperature, humidity and/or other environmental conditions are regulated as desired, to facilitate the production of snow, via a conventional snow gun. Due to the lightweight construction of the invention, the apparatus may be easily moved, such that upon completion of the snow-making operating at a particular place, the system may be easily moved to the next desired location. Obviously, in use, a large pile of snow may be produced at one point, and then a snow cat or the like may be utilised to spread the snow. The present invention therefore allows the production of snow in a controlled environment 24 hours a day, 365 days year anywhere in the world.
  • the present invention provides a snow making method and apparatus which obviates the need for specific refrigeration machinery.
  • gases in any cold form for instance nitrogen or carbon dioxide, which have characteristics of below zero temperature in their normal gaseous state.
  • This may be achieved by utilising gases which are cold in their normal state, or by providing the gases in compressed condition to induce a change of state and consequently provide low temperatures, such as, providing the gas in a compressed (liquid) condition, and allowing the mixture to change state to a gas.
  • the tent or dome like structure 2 consequently forms a cold room, in which the snow may be produced, without the need for a mechanical chilling means.
  • the gases may be produced from a normal pressure cylinder, or may be machinery made.
  • the tent or dome like structure 2 will stop wind from blowing the snow away whilst it is being made, and it will also protect the snow from sun, rain and other natural environmental effects.
  • a floor could be provided, either in solid form or in the form of a soft zip-on construction, such being particularly useful in the case where it is desirable to completely isolate the closed environment from the external environment.
  • the tent or dome-like structure can also be optionally provided such that it is provided with a hole therein, such that the snow-making device is provided externally therethrough and directed through the wall of the tent or dome-like structure.
  • advertising material may be provided on the external face of the tent or dome-like structure.
  • means is provided on the tent-like structure to recycle the gas, such as Nitrogen, such that same can be re-utilised.
  • the dome-like structure also preferably is provided with a humidity exit means to exit any humidity in the closed environment.
  • machinery is provided to extract nitrogen from the surrounding air, and compress same.
  • nitrogen, or other appropriate gas can be manufactured on site, rather than having to transport same to the location of the snow making machinery.
  • tent-like or dome-like arrangements materials are preferably chosen such that they have good thermal insulative properties, such that the energy required to provide the controlled environment is minimised. Obviously the amount of thermal insulation will vary depending on the particular location, and the desired temperature difference which is required in comparison to the surrounding environment.
  • a conveyor belt arrangement may be provided to move the snow from the location of production to the desired ground surface.
  • the present invention may be preferably embodied such that the snow making device is portable, for instance mounted on a snow cat.
  • an air flow direction system can be incorporated into the controlled environment. This would preferably take the format of having a plurality of baffles.
  • the chillers and dehumidifiers can be supplied underground at a central location at the point where the air and water hoses originate.
  • the tent or dome-like structure 2 may be portable, and it may incorporate a frame or have a frameless structure.
  • An air supported frame is also envisaged, wherein an insulating air pocket is supplied between the closed environment and the external environment, for the dual purpose of insulating the two environments and also separating the structure 2.
  • the present invention may therefore be utilised in a situation to supplement the natural snow falls in an environment, or provide snow in an environment where snow falls are not normally naturally occurring.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Tents Or Canopies (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
  • Suspension Of Electric Lines Or Cables (AREA)
  • Heating, Cooling, Or Curing Plastics Or The Like In General (AREA)
  • Discharge Heating (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Ultra Sonic Daignosis Equipment (AREA)
  • Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
  • Encapsulation Of And Coatings For Semiconductor Or Solid State Devices (AREA)
  • Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
  • Footwear And Its Accessory, Manufacturing Method And Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Cleaning Of Streets, Tracks, Or Beaches (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Tragbares Leichtgerät zum Erzeugen von Schnee, das zum Zusammenbau und Gebrauch an jeden gewählten Ort leicht transportierbar ist, bestehend aus einer innerhalb eines verstaubaren Zeltes oder kuppelähnlicher Struktur (2) vorgesehenen künstlichen Umgebung (1); Mitteln (5) zur Beeinflussen von Temperatur und Feuchte innerhalb der Umgebung und mindestens einer Schneekanone (10), die mit mindestens einer innerhalb oder der Umgebung anliegend angeordneter Düse versehen ist.
  2. Tragbares Leichtgerät zum Erzeugen von Schnee nach Anspruch 1, bei dem das Zelt oder die kuppelähnliche Struktur Wände mit guter thermischer Isolierung umfasst.
  3. Tragbares Leichtgerät zum Erzeugen von Schnee nach Anspruch 2, bei dem die Wände aus einer doppel-lagigen Membran bestehen, zwischen denen ein gasförmiges Medium in einem thermischen Zustand niederer Temperatur vorgesehen ist.
  4. Tragbares Leichtgerät zum Erzeugen von Schnee nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei dem die Bedingungen innerhalb der künstlichen Umgebung durch einen Kühler ((7) und/oder einen Entfeuchter (8) beeinflusst werden.
  5. Tragbares Leichtgerät zum Erzeugen von Schnee nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, bei dem die Bedingungen innerhalb der künstlichen Umwelt durch verflüssigte Gase beeinflusst werden.
  6. Tragbares Leichtgerät zum Erzeugen von Schnee nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei dem eine Vielzahl von kaltes Gas liefernden Düsen (10) innerhalb des Zeltes oder der kuppelförmigen Struktur (2) vorgesehen sind.
  7. Tragbares Leichtgerät zum Erzeugen von Schnee nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei dem das Zelt oder die kuppelförmige Struktur Auslassmittel aufweist, um Feuchte innerhalb der Struktur austreten zu lassen.
  8. Tragbares Leichtgerät zum Erzeugen von Schnee nach einem der vorhergehendem Ansprüche, bei dem das Transportmittel ein Aufbewahrungsmittel (13) für das Zelt oder kuppelähnliche Struktur (2) umfasst.
EP90904191A 1989-03-01 1990-03-01 Vorrichtung zur herstellung von ersatzschnee Revoked EP0461160B1 (de)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP00203328A EP1065456B1 (de) 1989-03-01 1990-03-01 Tragbare Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Schnee
EP97107403A EP0798520B1 (de) 1989-03-01 1990-03-01 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Schnee

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AUPJ301989 1989-03-01
AU3019/89 1989-03-01
AUPJ313389 1989-03-09
AU3133/89 1989-03-09
PCT/AU1990/000083 WO1990010183A1 (en) 1989-03-01 1990-03-01 Snowmaking method and device

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97107403A Division EP0798520B1 (de) 1989-03-01 1990-03-01 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Schnee

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0461160A1 EP0461160A1 (de) 1991-12-18
EP0461160A4 EP0461160A4 (en) 1992-01-15
EP0461160B1 true EP0461160B1 (de) 1998-03-25

Family

ID=25643640

Family Applications (3)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97107403A Expired - Lifetime EP0798520B1 (de) 1989-03-01 1990-03-01 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Schnee
EP00203328A Expired - Lifetime EP1065456B1 (de) 1989-03-01 1990-03-01 Tragbare Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Schnee
EP90904191A Revoked EP0461160B1 (de) 1989-03-01 1990-03-01 Vorrichtung zur herstellung von ersatzschnee

Family Applications Before (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97107403A Expired - Lifetime EP0798520B1 (de) 1989-03-01 1990-03-01 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Schnee
EP00203328A Expired - Lifetime EP1065456B1 (de) 1989-03-01 1990-03-01 Tragbare Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Schnee

Country Status (14)

Country Link
EP (3) EP0798520B1 (de)
JP (2) JP3176060B2 (de)
KR (1) KR100237971B1 (de)
AT (3) ATE272198T1 (de)
AU (1) AU640129B2 (de)
CA (1) CA2050324C (de)
DE (3) DE69032180T2 (de)
DK (2) DK0461160T3 (de)
ES (2) ES2116980T3 (de)
FI (1) FI914055A0 (de)
NO (1) NO913438L (de)
NZ (1) NZ232751A (de)
SG (1) SG47828A1 (de)
WO (1) WO1990010183A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2116980T3 (es) 1989-03-01 1998-08-01 Polar Technologies Internation Dispositivo para la fabricacion de nieve.
WO1992008936A1 (en) * 1990-11-07 1992-05-29 Andrew Boyd French Snowmaking method and device
DE69208279D1 (de) * 1991-04-11 1996-03-28 Taikisha Kk Verfahren zur Erzeugung einer Kunstschneedecke
AU654756B2 (en) * 1991-11-08 1994-11-17 Taikisha, Ltd. Method of maintaining snow surface
EP0636844B1 (de) * 1991-11-12 2001-12-19 Taikisha, Ltd. Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erhaltung einer Schneedecke
CA2115359A1 (en) * 1992-04-14 1993-10-28 Alexandr Konstantinovich Malakeev Method of gas generation and plant for effecting same
FR2700835B1 (fr) * 1993-01-26 1995-04-21 Technip Cie Procédé et installation de production de neige.
FR2742851B1 (fr) * 1995-12-26 1998-03-20 Guillaume Gil Perfectionnements aux procedes de fabrication de la neige artificielle, et dispositifs de mise en oeuvre
GB9826718D0 (en) * 1998-12-05 1999-01-27 Acer Snowmec Ltd Snow making machine
US6151913A (en) * 1999-04-23 2000-11-28 Praxair Technology, Inc. Method and apparatus for agglomerating fine snow particles
DE102004010093B3 (de) * 2004-02-27 2005-05-12 Innovag AG Aktiengesellschaft für innovative Industrietechnik Beschneiungsanlage für Indoor-Schneesportanlagen mit einer Halle
DE102004021061B4 (de) * 2004-04-29 2006-04-20 GÖTZ, Werner Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Erzeugung von Kunstschnee für die Herstellung von vorgekühltem Beton
EP1824614A4 (de) * 2004-12-13 2012-08-29 Cool Clean Technologies Inc Kohlendioxid-schneeerzeugungsvorrichtung
AT508647B1 (de) 2009-09-11 2015-03-15 Tech Universität Wien Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von künstlichem schnee
SE534323C2 (sv) * 2009-11-16 2011-07-12 Icehotel Ab Förfarande vid och anordning för tillverkning av byggelement av konstsnö
BE1019114A3 (nl) * 2009-12-16 2012-03-06 Atlas Copco Airpower Nv Inrichting voor het maken van kunstmatige sneeuw.
CZ304511B6 (cs) * 2010-08-02 2014-06-11 Adéla Voráčková Způsob výroby technického sněhu a zařízení k provádění tohoto způsobu

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2968164A (en) * 1958-02-24 1961-01-17 Alden W Hanson Method of generating snow
FR2594528A1 (fr) * 1986-02-20 1987-08-21 Petavit Ets Embout de melange de fluides pour appareil de fabrication de neige artificielle
JPS63254363A (ja) * 1987-04-10 1988-10-21 三洋電機株式会社 冷温切換型吸収冷凍機の抽気装置

Family Cites Families (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1976204A (en) * 1932-01-08 1934-10-09 Standard Oil Co Process of making ice
US2020719A (en) * 1934-06-12 1935-11-12 Girdler Corp Process and apparatus for solidifying material in finely subdivided form
FR1372024A (fr) * 1963-08-02 1964-09-11 Bertin & Cie Perfectionnements apportés à la production de neige, notamment en vue de la fabrication de pistes de ski artificielles
US3250530A (en) * 1964-02-10 1966-05-10 Lawrence M Dean Year-around ski run
US3257815A (en) * 1964-07-10 1966-06-28 Conch Int Methane Ltd Method and apparatus for the largescale production of snow fields for sports use
FR1444733A (fr) * 1965-03-19 1966-07-08 Production artificielle de neige par détente de gaz liquéfiés
US3762176A (en) * 1969-09-18 1973-10-02 B Coggins Method and apparatus for making snow
DE2113407C3 (de) * 1971-03-19 1975-07-24 Knittax Steinhof Vertriebsgesellschaft Kg, 8000 Muenchen Traglufthalle
US3733029A (en) * 1971-07-23 1973-05-15 Hedco Snow precipitator
US4021972A (en) * 1975-07-09 1977-05-10 James Edwin Choate Air supported, multi-wall, insulated structure and process of producing same
DE2659546A1 (de) * 1976-12-30 1978-07-13 Boehringer Mannheim Gmbh Verfahren zur herstellung von gefrorenen granulaten
FR2376384A1 (en) * 1976-12-30 1978-07-28 Cecil Snow cannon for making ski slopes - has adjustable nozzles for water and air to suit different ambient conditions
FR2421353A1 (fr) * 1978-03-31 1979-10-26 Armand Daniel Procede et dispositif de fabrication automatique de neige
US4551985A (en) * 1982-08-11 1985-11-12 Kovach Bruce F Rink covering structure
US4790531A (en) * 1985-11-19 1988-12-13 Kajima Corporation Indoor ski slope and apparatus for making snow thereon
DE3615760A1 (de) * 1986-05-10 1987-11-12 Herbert Thesen Raumzelle fuer eine sauna-anlage
JPS63311A (ja) * 1986-06-19 1988-01-05 Sumitomo Bakelite Co Ltd 液状エポキシ樹脂組成物
EP0266859A1 (de) * 1986-10-06 1988-05-11 Taiyo Sanso Co Ltd. Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung von sehr feinkörnigen, gefrorenen Partikeln
JPS63161378A (ja) * 1986-12-24 1988-07-05 スガ試験機株式会社 人工降雪装置
AT387277B (de) * 1987-02-03 1988-12-27 Sufag Sport Freizeitanlagen Vorrichtung zur erzeugung von kuenstlichem schnee
CA1332517C (en) * 1988-06-22 1994-10-18 Malcolm Geoege Clulow Snow making equipment
ES2116980T3 (es) 1989-03-01 1998-08-01 Polar Technologies Internation Dispositivo para la fabricacion de nieve.

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2968164A (en) * 1958-02-24 1961-01-17 Alden W Hanson Method of generating snow
FR2594528A1 (fr) * 1986-02-20 1987-08-21 Petavit Ets Embout de melange de fluides pour appareil de fabrication de neige artificielle
JPS63254363A (ja) * 1987-04-10 1988-10-21 三洋電機株式会社 冷温切換型吸収冷凍機の抽気装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69032180D1 (de) 1998-04-30
FI914055A0 (fi) 1991-08-28
DE69034154D1 (de) 2004-09-02
JPH04503854A (ja) 1992-07-09
DK0461160T3 (da) 1999-01-11
ES2116980T3 (es) 1998-08-01
SG47828A1 (en) 1998-04-17
NZ232751A (en) 1992-03-26
ATE164442T1 (de) 1998-04-15
WO1990010183A1 (en) 1990-09-07
EP1065456A1 (de) 2001-01-03
AU640129B2 (en) 1993-08-19
EP0798520B1 (de) 2004-07-28
KR920701768A (ko) 1992-08-12
CA2050324C (en) 1996-07-30
NO913438D0 (no) 1991-09-02
ES2225913T3 (es) 2005-03-16
DE69034154T2 (de) 2005-07-21
DE69032180T2 (de) 1998-10-15
AU5267990A (en) 1990-09-26
EP0461160A1 (de) 1991-12-18
JP2000035269A (ja) 2000-02-02
DK0798520T3 (da) 2004-12-06
EP0798520A2 (de) 1997-10-01
DE69034228T2 (de) 2007-06-14
NO913438L (no) 1991-09-02
KR100237971B1 (ko) 2000-01-15
JP3176060B2 (ja) 2001-06-11
ATE272198T1 (de) 2004-08-15
EP0461160A4 (en) 1992-01-15
ATE331922T1 (de) 2006-07-15
EP0798520A3 (de) 1998-10-14
DE69034228D1 (de) 2006-08-10
EP1065456B1 (de) 2006-06-28

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0461160B1 (de) Vorrichtung zur herstellung von ersatzschnee
US5289973A (en) Snowmaking method and device
US6648272B1 (en) Airship
US7931733B2 (en) Method of producing hypoxic environments in occupied compartments with simultaneous removal of excessive carbon dioxide and humidity
US20170233054A1 (en) High altitude balloon systems and methods
US4021972A (en) Air supported, multi-wall, insulated structure and process of producing same
RU2002130714A (ru) Предотвращающие пожар и ликвидирующие пожар системы и пригодные для дыхания огнегасящие составы с пониженным содержанием кислорода для занимаемых людьми помещений
CN102216864B (zh) 用于保存机械资产的系统和方法
KR20010024535A (ko) 초냉동 재료를 선적하는 방법 및 장치
US6241160B1 (en) Atmospheric inversion layer de-stabilizer apparatus
US20200198789A1 (en) Aircraft-Based Atmospheric Water Generation System and Methods
WO1992008936A1 (en) Snowmaking method and device
US20230264800A1 (en) Variable density airship lift chamber system
AU2020407638B2 (en) Gaseous matter capture system and method
Sadler et al. Mars inflatable greenhouse analog
US2136758A (en) Refrigerated motion picture stage
RU225908U1 (ru) Пневмофасад с принудительным наддувом
DE3604239A1 (de) Verfahren zur gewinnung natuerlichen nebels aus luft
RU2191875C2 (ru) Холодильник для хранения пищевых продуктов
Pal et al. Modelling of 25m Diameter Air Inflated Flexible Structure
KR20200021039A (ko) 냉방장치
Malaterre Vertical sounding balloons for long duration flights

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19910921

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB IT LI LU NL SE

A4 Supplementary search report drawn up and despatched

Effective date: 19911126

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A4

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB IT LI LU NL SE

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19920505

APCB Communication from the board of appeal sent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS OBAPE

APCB Communication from the board of appeal sent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS OBAPE

APCB Communication from the board of appeal sent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS OBAPE

APAB Appeal dossier modified

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS NOAPE

APAB Appeal dossier modified

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS NOAPE

GRAG Despatch of communication of intention to grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA

GRAH Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA

GRAH Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA

ITCL It: translation for ep claims filed

Representative=s name: BARZANO' E ZANARDO MILANO S.P.A.

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

RAP1 Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred)

Owner name: POLAR TECHNOLOGIES INTERNATIONAL PTY LIMITED

RIN1 Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected)

Inventor name: FRENCH, ANDREW BOYD

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB IT LI LU NL SE

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 164442

Country of ref document: AT

Date of ref document: 19980415

Kind code of ref document: T

XX Miscellaneous (additional remarks)

Free format text: TEILANMELDUNG 97107403.4 EINGEREICHT AM 05/05/97.

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 69032180

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19980430

ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed
REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: NV

Representative=s name: ISLER & PEDRAZZINI AG

ET Fr: translation filed
REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FG2A

Ref document number: 2116980

Country of ref document: ES

Kind code of ref document: T3

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DK

Ref legal event code: T3

PLBQ Unpublished change to opponent data

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS OPPO

PLBI Opposition filed

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009260

PLBF Reply of patent proprietor to notice(s) of opposition

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS OBSO

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 19990201

Year of fee payment: 10

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 19990208

Year of fee payment: 10

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 19990218

Year of fee payment: 10

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 19990219

Year of fee payment: 10

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 19990301

Year of fee payment: 10

26 Opposition filed

Opponent name: HOEK LOOS B.V.

Effective date: 19981224

Opponent name: LINDE AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT

Effective date: 19981223

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Payment date: 19990308

Year of fee payment: 10

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Payment date: 19990310

Year of fee payment: 10

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 19990315

Year of fee payment: 10

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DK

Payment date: 19990331

Year of fee payment: 10

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 19990429

Year of fee payment: 10

NLR1 Nl: opposition has been filed with the epo

Opponent name: HOEK LOOS B.V.

Opponent name: LINDE AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 19990521

Year of fee payment: 10

PLBF Reply of patent proprietor to notice(s) of opposition

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS OBSO

PLBF Reply of patent proprietor to notice(s) of opposition

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS OBSO

RDAH Patent revoked

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS REVO

RDAG Patent revoked

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009271

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: PATENT REVOKED

27W Patent revoked

Effective date: 20000117

GBPR Gb: patent revoked under art. 102 of the ep convention designating the uk as contracting state

Free format text: 20000117

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

NLR2 Nl: decision of opposition
APAH Appeal reference modified

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSCREFNO