EP0456543B1 - Récipient composite destiné au vieillissement du vin - Google Patents

Récipient composite destiné au vieillissement du vin Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0456543B1
EP0456543B1 EP91401089A EP91401089A EP0456543B1 EP 0456543 B1 EP0456543 B1 EP 0456543B1 EP 91401089 A EP91401089 A EP 91401089A EP 91401089 A EP91401089 A EP 91401089A EP 0456543 B1 EP0456543 B1 EP 0456543B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wine
composite container
annular
container according
flange
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91401089A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0456543A3 (en
EP0456543A2 (fr
Inventor
Bernard J. Pradel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0456543A2 publication Critical patent/EP0456543A2/fr
Publication of EP0456543A3 publication Critical patent/EP0456543A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0456543B1 publication Critical patent/EP0456543B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D45/00—Clamping or other pressure-applying devices for securing or retaining closure members
    • B65D45/32—Clamping or other pressure-applying devices for securing or retaining closure members for applying radial or radial and axial pressure, e.g. contractible bands encircling closure member

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to a durable storage container or container used for aging wine.
  • This invention relates more particularly to a composite wine container made from a metal drum and provided with wooden end covers and in which the aging of the wine is effective and capable of being controlled.
  • US-A-4,813,565 (GB-A-2,183,593).
  • This patent describes a wine barrel comprising a circular metallic base part and a circular metallic lid, as well as a plurality of wooden staves extending in the axial direction between the latter. Clamping bands retain the staves in a circumferential configuration and tension pinching bands extending longitudinally along the outside of the wine barrel place the staves in compression and hold in place the metal base part and the lids 'end. Because only the base and end covers are made of relatively inexpensive material, the overall cost of the wine container according to this patent is not significantly reduced due to the excessive use of wooden staves.
  • One of the aims of the present invention is to provide a durable wine container or container for aging wine, in which the desirable sensory properties of quality wines can be controlled and reproduced.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a container for aging wine which can be sealed and which does not allow the entry of contaminants such as bacteria or excessive humidity, over long periods of use.
  • the aim is to propose a wine storage container which is made from inexpensive components which are easy to use, assemble and disassemble and economical to maintain and which can be designed in a practical way according to the properties required for the aging of the wine.
  • the present invention provides a composite container for aging wine comprising a metal drum provided with circular wooden end covers.
  • the metal drum provided with two heads completely open at its two ends has an annular flange at each end which receives a seal and a wooden cover for closing the drum.
  • a locking ring provided with an adjustment mechanism comes into contact with the outer periphery of the cover and the flange to ensure a removable fluid-tight seal.
  • the sealed container according to the present invention avoids any undesirable oxidation harmful to the color, taste, composition and quality of the wine.
  • the composite wine container according to the present invention resides in the fact that it is essentially made of thin metal and relatively inexpensive, so as to significantly reduce costs and save supplies always more reduced wood available.
  • the wooden end covers of the containers according to the invention are also sufficient to assign controlled quantities of bouquet to the wine with a controllable oxidation rate.
  • the composite wine container or container according to the present invention indicated generally by the reference 10 in FIG. 1, is shown comprising a metal drum completely open at its two ends 12 and provided with two annular flanges 14 at its two ends to receive seals 16, and circular wooden end covers 18 (the assembled end not being shown), as well as two locking rings 20, each being provided with an adjustable mechanism. While the container 10 has been shown in a vertical position, it is normally placed on the side during the aging of the wine.
  • the metal drum 12 can be made of a resistant and stainless metal of small thickness such as stainless steel and can have the same size as the barrels, barrels or oak barrels standard industrial for wine, of about 205 liters capacity .
  • the drum 12 has a cylindrical configuration provided with a rim or an annular flange 14 which projects outwards from the cylindrical drum at its two ends.
  • a central filling opening 13 is provided on the side of the drum 12 and can receive a plug or a bung-type cover (not shown) in order to allow periodic additions of wine to compensate for the losses in volume of the wine as a result of the concentration. , sampling and the like that occurs during the aging process.
  • the stopper or the cover can be inserted into the filling opening 13 in order to ensure removable sealing and also for sampling aged wine and to allow the evacuation of the oxidation gases.
  • the seal or the lining 16, shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is disposed between the annular flange 14 and the inner edge of the wooden end cover 18.
  • the seal 16 has a general L-shaped configuration, in cross section, consisting of a part annular 32 and in an extension jacket 33.
  • the annular part or ring 32 of the lining 16 is dimensioned to correspond substantially to the width and the circumference of the flange 14.
  • the extension jacket 33 extends substantially at right angles from of the ring 32 to come into peripheral contact with the inner wall surface of the drum 12, on a limited part thereof.
  • the ring 32 and the jacket 33 which depend thereon each have a substantially uniform thickness to achieve a sealing zone as will be described in more detail below.
  • the lining 16 may comprise only a ring 32 to form a continuous annular lining ending on the flange 14 in order to produce a fluid-tight seal.
  • the lining 16 can be made of a flexible extensible material which is not liable to be attacked by solvents, such as for example polyurethane or silicone elastomers.
  • a suitable elastomer consists of silicone rubber, the formula of which is approved by the supervisory authorities, in particular by the American FDA (Food and Drug Administration) for use in the manufacture of wine, such as methylvinylpolysiloxane. Adequate elastomers must be stable over a wide temperature range, resistant to oxidation and easy to mold to make a continuous ring.
  • each circular wooden end cover 18 has a lip or a shoulder portion 36 and a hub portion or central portion 39 which has shapes complementary to each open end of the drum 12 and which ensures, in combination with the lining 16, a sealed contact with the drum 12.
  • the end covers 18 are preferably made of oak, so that their inner surface is continuously exposed to wine 15 content inside to give the desired bouquet to quality wines. In order to prevent the lids 18 from drying out in the areas where they have lost contact with the wine 15, it is common practice to periodically add a little more wine to completely fill the container during aging some wine.
  • the parameters of the oxidation reaction are producing during aging of the wine are easier to control. It is known that the parameters of the oxidation reaction are determined as a function of the surface of the wood: it is a relation between the interior volume of the wine containers and their interior surface. Because the size and characteristics of the wooden end covers 18 can be kept relatively constant, reproducibility from batch to batch can more easily be obtained. In order to reduce the time necessary for the aging of the wine and to accelerate the oxidation reaction times, it is possible to use with the container of the present invention a pre-assembled wooden insert of any size and configuration suitable for man art. A typical example of such a wooden insert for increasing the interior surface of a wine container is described in US-A-4,558,639.
  • each cover 18 extends over the top of the lining 16 which is disposed on each flange 14 of the drum 12.
  • the hub or central part 39 of the cover is received in each end opening of the drum 12 and comes into contact with the sleeve 33 of the lining 16.
  • a metal locking ring 20 is provided for firmly securing the cover 18 and its seal 16 on the open end of the drum 12.
  • This ring 20 comprises an adjustable mechanism comprising a bolt 40 passing through lateral projections 42 and 44 for tightening the locking ring 20 and compressing it on the cover 18.
  • the lateral projections 42 and 44 can be suitably fixed to the locking ring 20 by solder or the like.
  • the locking ring 20 has an additional inner annular strip 54 secured to an inclined flange or lip 50 and an inner lip 52 provided with an annular extension flange 56 which extends towards the bottom of the drawing from the lower annular locking lip 52.
  • the annular band 54 generally perpendicular to the flange 14, connects the inclined outer edge 50 and the inner lip 52 in a single open elastic ring generally formed by cold stamping.
  • the inclined edge 50 comes into contact with a complementary inclined outer edge 38 of the cover 18 and the annular locking lip 52 comes into contact with the flange 14 of the drum 12.
  • the annular extension flange 56 comes into contact with the outer wall surface of the drum to produce a sealed annular zone.
  • FIG. 3 represents another embodiment of the closing of the open bottom of the drum 12, the elements identical or similar to those of FIGS. 1 and 2 bearing the same reference indices.
  • the embodiment shown in Figure 3 differs mainly from that of Figure 2 in that the cover 18 is mounted so that it can be turned over after a certain time of use with one side in contact with the wine, the other side previously located at the the exterior then in turn comes into contact with the wine while the side "tanned" by the wine is placed on the exterior.
  • the annular strip 54 placed inside the ring 20 has, according to the embodiment of Figure 3, a section substantially symmetrical with respect to a median axis 61.
  • the cover 18 which may include internal projections (not shown in the figure) such that the hub 39 of Figure 2, in order to increase the surface in contact with the wine, is provided at its periphery 36 with two bevelled faces 38 and 57, in principle substantially symmetrical with respect to the median transverse plane 58 of the cover.
  • the face 38 comes into contact with the inner face of the inclined rim 50 of the strip 54 while the face 57 is in contact with a first compressible seal in strip 59.
  • the strip 54 has a second inclined rim 60 substantially symmetrical by relative to the axis or median plane 61 of the annular band 54 and the locking ring 20.
  • the inclined flanges 50 and 60 are provided at their inner end with a raised extension flange 50a and 60a fulfilling only a function of stiffening, unlike the flange 56 which also performs a radial tightening function.
  • the annular flange 14 of the metal drum 12 has a flared shape which is easier to obtain in a noble metal which is difficult to use such as stainless steel or titanium.
  • the flange 14 is surrounded, on its two faces, by a strip seal 62 folded in sandwich on the outer edge of the flange 14.
  • the flange 14 thus equipped with the seal 62 on its two faces is received between the seal in compressible strip 59 and the second inclined rim 60.
  • the radial tightening of the ring 20 maintains the cover 18 in position while crushing in the direction of the thickness the two sandwich layers of the strip seal 62 and the seal compressible in strip 59.
  • This latter seal 59 highly compressible in thickness can be eliminated when the periphery 36 of the cover 18 has a very constant shape from one cover to the other and which varies little over time after prolonged exposure in contact with wine, on one side of the cover.
  • the wine aging container according to the present invention can be easily assembled and disassembled, so that the wooden end covers can be quickly removed, to bring fresh oak into contact with the wine in order to continue to give the wine the desired bouquet and allow faster aging of the wine.
  • the composite container according to the present invention is relatively inexpensive and easy to manufacture, which results in a significant saving in time and in costs of manufacturing and preparing wine.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Distillation Of Fermentation Liquor, Processing Of Alcohols, Vinegar And Beer (AREA)
  • Closures For Containers (AREA)
  • Packages (AREA)
  • Packging For Living Organisms, Food Or Medicinal Products That Are Sensitive To Environmental Conditiond (AREA)
  • Table Devices Or Equipment (AREA)
  • Cookers (AREA)
  • Rigid Containers With Two Or More Constituent Elements (AREA)
EP91401089A 1990-05-08 1991-04-24 Récipient composite destiné au vieillissement du vin Expired - Lifetime EP0456543B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US520560 1990-05-08
US07/520,560 US4998643A (en) 1990-05-08 1990-05-08 Composite wine aging container

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0456543A2 EP0456543A2 (fr) 1991-11-13
EP0456543A3 EP0456543A3 (en) 1992-11-25
EP0456543B1 true EP0456543B1 (fr) 1994-12-21

Family

ID=24073134

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91401089A Expired - Lifetime EP0456543B1 (fr) 1990-05-08 1991-04-24 Récipient composite destiné au vieillissement du vin

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US4998643A (es)
EP (1) EP0456543B1 (es)
AT (1) ATE115932T1 (es)
AU (1) AU633423B2 (es)
DE (2) DE69106039T4 (es)
ES (1) ES2067172T3 (es)
FR (1) FR2661890B1 (es)

Families Citing this family (26)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5092488A (en) * 1990-05-08 1992-03-03 Pradel Bernard J Composite wine aging container with reversible wood end covers
US4998643A (en) * 1990-05-08 1991-03-12 Pradel Bernard J Composite wine aging container
USD1011671S1 (en) 1991-07-02 2024-01-16 Bway Corporation Container
WO1994008859A1 (en) * 1992-10-09 1994-04-28 Chester Osborn Wine container
US5425400A (en) * 1993-03-29 1995-06-20 Lee A. Francis Transfer port apparatus and method
US5497897A (en) * 1994-03-31 1996-03-12 Semi-Bulk Systems, Inc. Container for holding fluent material
US5533316A (en) * 1995-05-04 1996-07-09 Self Industries, Inc. Apparatus for compressing and positioning the sealing components of an open head drum
US6715514B2 (en) 2002-09-07 2004-04-06 Worldwide Liquids Method and apparatus for fluid transport, storage and dispensing
ES2288395B1 (es) * 2006-02-27 2008-11-01 Hector Mateo Garcia Barrica plastica para crianza de vinos y otras bebidas.
US20070240579A1 (en) * 2006-04-18 2007-10-18 Boake Brian G Composite barrel
WO2009017644A2 (en) * 2007-07-26 2009-02-05 Dow Agrosciences Llc Techniques for maintaining palatability of a bait material in a pest control device
GR1006814B (el) * 2009-07-06 2010-06-25 Παναγιωτης Κωνσταντινου Σαρμας Δεξαμενη ωριμανσης και αποθηκευσης μαλακων τυριων αλμης
FI20126350A (fi) * 2012-12-20 2014-06-21 Fiskars Brands Finland Oy Ab Pilkkomista helpottava laite käytettäväksi polttopuun pilkkomisessa
EP2942168B1 (en) 2014-05-09 2018-02-07 Fiskars Finland Oy Ab Chopping aid
FR3029176B1 (fr) * 2014-12-02 2017-03-10 Rtech Solutions Contenant pour elever et stocker des liquides tels que le vin
US10184098B2 (en) * 2016-08-05 2019-01-22 Ryan Patrick Janssen Wooden vessel for the aging of liquid
US20180079563A1 (en) * 2016-09-16 2018-03-22 Michael T. Georgacopoulos Hybrid Barrel and Reusable System Therefor
US10640259B2 (en) 2016-10-26 2020-05-05 North Coast Container Wine barrel
US10479565B2 (en) 2016-10-26 2019-11-19 North Coast Container Wine Barrel
CN107099440A (zh) * 2017-06-19 2017-08-29 绵竹市剑西酒业有限责任公司 一种提升白酒品质的陈酿桶
US10968008B2 (en) * 2017-09-15 2021-04-06 Gheorghe Voicu Reusable barrel for potable liquids
FR3071254A1 (fr) * 2017-09-19 2019-03-22 Franck Schisano Barrinox
USD932721S1 (en) * 2020-02-26 2021-10-05 Bway Corporation Container ring
USD922722S1 (en) * 2019-05-15 2021-06-15 Just A Breath On Barrels Barrel opening cover
USD1015669S1 (en) 2020-02-26 2024-02-20 Bway Corporation Container ring
US12024694B1 (en) 2021-08-03 2024-07-02 Theisen Design & Manufacturing, Inc. Reduced waste beverage treatment apparatus and methods

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2112439A (en) * 1938-03-29 Container
US1592779A (en) * 1924-03-28 1926-07-13 Howell D Pratt Barrel
US2529138A (en) * 1946-12-17 1950-11-07 American Steel & Wire Co Container
US4200316A (en) * 1978-06-12 1980-04-29 Group Industries Incorporated Barrel ring lock assembly
NL8402078A (nl) * 1984-06-29 1986-01-16 Thomassen & Drijver Houder, romp en klemring voor deze houder, en een inrichting voor het vervaardigen van de romp voor deze houder.
US4646931A (en) * 1985-09-20 1987-03-03 Andrews Joseph J Reinforced open head drum lid
US4674650A (en) * 1985-10-07 1987-06-23 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Container and cover fastening means
NZ218318A (en) * 1985-11-26 1988-01-08 Wine Technologies Sa Ltd Wine cask, timber staves and metal ends
AU6554986A (en) * 1985-11-26 1987-05-28 Wine Technologies (S.A.) Ltd. Wine cask
US4998643A (en) * 1990-05-08 1991-03-12 Pradel Bernard J Composite wine aging container

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69106039T4 (de) 1996-04-04
EP0456543A3 (en) 1992-11-25
ES2067172T3 (es) 1995-03-16
DE69106039D1 (de) 1995-02-02
AU7538791A (en) 1991-11-14
DE69106039T2 (de) 1995-05-04
FR2661890A1 (fr) 1991-11-15
ATE115932T1 (de) 1995-01-15
US4998643A (en) 1991-03-12
AU633423B2 (en) 1993-01-28
EP0456543A2 (fr) 1991-11-13
FR2661890B1 (fr) 1993-10-29

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0456543B1 (fr) Récipient composite destiné au vieillissement du vin
US5092488A (en) Composite wine aging container with reversible wood end covers
FR2643047A1 (fr) Bouchage pour recipient
FR2636045A1 (fr) Bouchon en matiere plastique a etancheite amelioree
EP0515260A1 (fr) Capsule de bouchage à vis à imperméabilité aux gaz améliorée
FR2972429A1 (fr) Dispositif de bouchage d'un col de recipient
LU83681A1 (fr) Couvercle de fermeture etanche pour recipient
CA2578307A1 (fr) Sealing closure device for a container
FR2541654A1 (fr) Recipient muni d'un bouchon a vis
FR2864965A1 (fr) Procede de tanisage de boisson alcoolique elevee en futs, dispositif et fut pour sa mise en oeuvre
FR2471927A1 (fr) Boite en matiere plastique a reunir par sertissage a un couvercle metallique
FR2611568A1 (fr) Isolateur pour travaux en milieu aseptique
FR2486915A1 (fr) Boite etanche a fermeture par joint
WO2002096645A1 (fr) Joint multicouche, bouchon ou col de recipient comprenant un tel joint, et procedes de realisation
CA2550248C (fr) Conditionnement comprenant un recipient, un couvercle et un joint
FR2939067A1 (fr) Fond pour la fermeture d'au moins l'une des extremites d'un corps de tonneau et tonneau equipe d'un tel fond
EP0900745B1 (fr) Récipient en verre destiné à la conserve de produits alimentaires
FR2598097A1 (fr) Couvercle de cuve, notamment pour l'industrie vinicole
EP1894690A1 (fr) Fond perfectionne pour tonneaux
FR2489261A1 (fr) Bouchon pour saupoudrage de poudres alimentaires
EP1337442A1 (fr) Dispositif de bouchage d'une bouteille renfermant une boisson gazeuse
FR3103494A1 (fr) Ensemble contenant et élément de fermeture pour boissons alcoolisées et procédé de réalisation dudit ensemble.
EP0079275A1 (fr) Dispositif d'obturation d'un flacon
FR2941440A1 (fr) Couvercle destine a etre associe avec un bac, positionnable sur le bac de facon reversible pour occuper soit une position de fermeture soit une position de ventilation
EP0374065A1 (fr) Bocal ou récipient similaire, procédé et dispositif de moulage autorisant sa fabrication

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): AT CH DE ES FR GR IT LI

PUAL Search report despatched

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A3

Designated state(s): AT CH DE ES FR GR IT LI

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19921124

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19940321

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT CH DE ES FR GR IT LI

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 19941221

Ref country code: AT

Effective date: 19941221

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 115932

Country of ref document: AT

Date of ref document: 19950115

Kind code of ref document: T

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 69106039

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19950202

ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed
REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FG2A

Ref document number: 2067172

Country of ref document: ES

Kind code of ref document: T3

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 19970207

Year of fee payment: 7

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Payment date: 19970408

Year of fee payment: 7

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 19970430

Year of fee payment: 7

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 19970704

Year of fee payment: 7

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF EXPIRATION OF PROTECTION

Effective date: 19980425

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19980430

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: THE PATENT HAS BEEN ANNULLED BY A DECISION OF A NATIONAL AUTHORITY

Effective date: 19980430

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19980430

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19990202

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FD2A

Effective date: 20000301

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED.

Effective date: 20050424