EP0455990A1 - Thermally stable, melting-binder-strengthened nonwoven web and method for making the same - Google Patents

Thermally stable, melting-binder-strengthened nonwoven web and method for making the same Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0455990A1
EP0455990A1 EP91105398A EP91105398A EP0455990A1 EP 0455990 A1 EP0455990 A1 EP 0455990A1 EP 91105398 A EP91105398 A EP 91105398A EP 91105398 A EP91105398 A EP 91105398A EP 0455990 A1 EP0455990 A1 EP 0455990A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
filaments
binder
supporting
fabric according
melting point
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Granted
Application number
EP91105398A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0455990B2 (en
EP0455990B1 (en
Inventor
Günther Dr. Vock
Michael Schöps
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Johns Manville
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Hoechst AG
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
    • D04H3/14—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic yarns or filaments produced by welding
    • D04H3/153—Mixed yarns or filaments
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/005—Synthetic yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/009—Condensation or reaction polymers
    • D04H3/011—Polyesters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
    • D04H3/14—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic yarns or filaments produced by welding
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
    • D04H3/16—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic filaments produced in association with filament formation, e.g. immediately following extrusion
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D05—SEWING; EMBROIDERING; TUFTING
    • D05C—EMBROIDERING; TUFTING
    • D05C17/00—Embroidered or tufted products; Base fabrics specially adapted for embroidered work; Inserts for producing surface irregularities in embroidered products
    • D05C17/02—Tufted products
    • D05C17/023—Tufted products characterised by the base fabric
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
    • D10B2331/04—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyesters, e.g. polyethylene terephthalate [PET]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/92—Fire or heat protection feature
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
    • Y10T428/2929—Bicomponent, conjugate, composite or collateral fibers or filaments [i.e., coextruded sheath-core or side-by-side type]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/681—Spun-bonded nonwoven fabric
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/697—Containing at least two chemically different strand or fiber materials
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/699—Including particulate material other than strand or fiber material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a thermally stable, melt-bond-strengthened spun-bonded nonwoven made of supporting filaments and binder filaments serving as melt binders, in which the difference in the melting points of supporting and binding filaments is less than 30 ° C.
  • a nonwoven which contains crimped fibers or threads and which is consolidated by heating by means of a thermoplastic binder or thermoplastic binder fibers.
  • the melting point of the binding fibers should be at least 20 ° C below the melting point of the supporting filaments. Due to the proportion of crimped fibers in this nonwoven, it is very drapable, i.e. it folds like a woven fabric; however, it is not usable as a highly resilient and dimensionally stable reinforcement material and as a tufting carrier.
  • Highly resilient spunbonded nonwovens bonded with melt binders are known, for example, from DE-PS 22 40 437 and DE-A-36 42 089. These previously known spunbonded nonwovens, in which both the supporting filaments and the binder filaments can consist of polyesters, serve in particular as reinforcing and carrier materials in the manufacture of needled felt and tufting.
  • filaments of a relatively coarse individual titer of more than 8 dtex are used.
  • the proportion of binder filaments is 10 to 30%, preferably between 15 and 25%.
  • melt binder-bonded nonwovens have the serious disadvantage that they are not suitable for those areas of application in which they are exposed to high processing temperatures, because the low melting point of the binder component also significantly reduces the processing and use temperature.
  • the present invention now relates to a melt-bond-bonded nonwoven fabric with high strength and high dimensional stability, which is thermally highly resilient, ie which has an extremely advantageous high processing and use temperature.
  • the melt-bonded spunbond fabric according to the invention consists of load-bearing filaments and binder filaments serving as melt binders, and is characterized in that the melting point of the binder filaments is less than 30 ° C., preferably less than 20 ° C., below the melting point of the load-bearing filaments.
  • the supporting filaments and binder filaments are preferably made of polyester.
  • the basis weight of the spunbonded nonwovens according to the invention is generally in the range between 50 and 500 g / m2, preferably between 50 and 250 g / m2, but can of course also be selected to be lower or higher for special applications.
  • the individual titer of the supporting filaments and binder filaments is preferably in the range between 1 and 20 dtex and the proportion of the binder filaments is preferably between 5 and 25 percent by weight.
  • Spunbonded fabrics according to the invention are preferred in which the individual titer of the binder filaments is smaller than that of the supporting filaments.
  • Those spunbonded webs according to the invention in which the melting point of the binder filaments is 10 to 20 ° C. below the melting point of the supporting filaments are particularly preferred.
  • the load-bearing filaments consist of polyethylene terephthalate
  • the melt binder consists of a polymer, the melting point of which has the above-mentioned difference to the melting point of the load-bearing filaments.
  • the binder filaments preferably consist of an isophthalic acid-modified polyester with a correspondingly slightly reduced melting point.
  • the proportion of binder filaments in the total weight of the spunbonded nonwovens according to the invention is chosen to be as low as possible within the range given above and is adapted to the intended use of the nonwovens. Lower binder proportions further improve the thermal and mechanical properties, while higher binder proportions result in particularly delamination-resistant nonwovens.
  • the weight per unit area of the nonwovens according to the invention and the individual titer of the filaments are selected within the ranges specified above, depending on the area of use. For example, a basis weight of up to 500 g / m2 and a single titer of up to 20 dtex are expediently chosen for a tufting carrier.
  • the binder filaments have proven to be particularly expedient to match the type of introduction of the binder filaments and their proportion to the selected basis weight.
  • those spunbonded webs according to the invention are preferred in which the supporting filaments and binder filaments consist of flame-retardant modified polyesters.
  • Another preferred embodiment of the nonwovens according to the invention has a layer structure of load-bearing filaments and binder filaments, it being particularly advantageous if the two outer layers do not contain binder filaments.
  • spunbonded nonwovens according to the invention are preferred, the binder filaments of which contain an antistatic, in particular carbon black.
  • nonwovens according to the invention does not contain separate binder filaments but bicomponent filaments in core-shell or side-by-side arrangement, which are made up of the two polymers for the load-bearing and the binding filaments in the desired ratio.
  • the spun-bonded nonwoven formed according to the invention is free from resinous binders and is therefore inherently flame-retardant.
  • the low flammability can be further improved by suitable selection of flame-retardant modified raw materials for the supporting filaments and the binder filaments.
  • These flame-retardant spunbonded nonwovens can then also be used in rooms at risk of fire, e.g. B. as a carrier material for curtains, wallpaper, blinds, or as components for seat covers in vehicles or aircraft.
  • Particularly voluminous spunbonded nonwovens according to the invention such as those using a rel. small proportion of binder filaments and sieve drum fixation can be obtained. These then also have a loose, fibrous surface structure, which significantly increases the adhesion of coating materials, PVC or bitumen.
  • Such voluminous spunbonded nonwovens with a fiber-rich surface are also suitable for producing filter fabrics.
  • the addition of antistatic agents, in the simplest case of soot, in the melting cylinder moreover, permits the use of the spunbonded nonwoven according to the invention in potentially explosive areas or as a filter medium for clean rooms.
  • the dyeability of the melt binder can be adapted to that of the supporting filaments by modification of the melt binder raw material; on the other hand, different dyeability can also be used to create interesting color effects.
  • the spunbonded nonwoven according to the invention is produced in a manner known per se by depositing load-bearing filaments and binder filaments on a moving screen base to form a tangled nonwoven, and is characterized in that binder filaments are deposited whose melting point is less than 30 ° C., preferably less than 20 ° C. , is below the melting point of the supporting filaments.
  • Load-bearing filaments and binder filaments which consist of polyester, are preferably deposited.
  • the amount of filaments deposited per m2 is measured according to the criteria given above; usually 50 to 500 g of filaments are deposited per m2.
  • Filament is preferably deposited using a rotating baffle plate and a downstream guide surface as described in DE-PS 27 13 241.
  • the filament is deposited by a plurality of rows of depositing elements one behind the other in the direction of movement of the screen support, from which alternating load-bearing and binding filaments are deposited.
  • the polymers for the supporting filaments and the binder filaments are spun out and deposited as bicomponent filaments in the specified ratio.
  • the thermal consolidation is particularly preferably carried out by hot air, for example in screen drum fixers, which can be followed by a pair of embossing rollers.
  • Particularly voluminous spunbonded nonwovens result from the lowest possible proportion of binder filaments and a sieve drum fixation.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Reinforcement Elements For Buildings (AREA)
  • Multicomponent Fibers (AREA)
  • Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)

Abstract

A thermally stable, melting binder-strengthened spunbonded non-woven web composed of supporting and binding filaments in which the melting point of the binding filaments is less than 30 DEG C below that of the supporting filaments is described. The binding and supporting filaments consist preferably of polyesters. The mass per unit area of the spunbonded non-woven web is in the range between 50 and 500 g/m<2>, the elementary count of the supporting filaments and binder filaments is in the range between 1 and 20 dtex, and the proportion of the binder filaments is between 5 and 25 percent by weight. The non-woven web is distinguished by a particularly high thermal load-bearing capacity, i.e. a particularly high resistance to high subsequent treatment temperatures. It can be used, for example, as a support material for roof webs and as tufting supports etc.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein thermisch stabiles schmelzbinderverfestigtes Spinnvlies aus tragenden Filamenten und als Schmelzbinder dienenden Binderfilamenten, bei dem die Differenz der Schmelzpunkte von tragenden und bindenden Filamenten weniger als 30°C beträgt.The invention relates to a thermally stable, melt-bond-strengthened spun-bonded nonwoven made of supporting filaments and binder filaments serving as melt binders, in which the difference in the melting points of supporting and binding filaments is less than 30 ° C.

Aus der DE-C- 14 35 114 ist ein Vliesstoff bekannt, der gekräuselte Fasern oder Fäden enthält und der mittels eines thermoplastischen Bindemittels oder thermoplastischer Bindefasern durch Erhitzen verfestigt ist. Der Schmelzpunkt der Bindefasern soll mindestens 20°C unterhalb des Schmelzpunktes der tragenden Filamente liegen. Aufgrund des Anteils von gekräuselten Fasern in diesem Vliesstoff ist er sehr gut drapierbar, d.h. er fällt wie ein gewebter Stoff in Falten; er ist aber als hoch belastbares und dabei maßhaltiges Verstärkungsmaterial und als Tuftingträger nicht brauchbar.From DE-C-14 35 114 a nonwoven is known which contains crimped fibers or threads and which is consolidated by heating by means of a thermoplastic binder or thermoplastic binder fibers. The melting point of the binding fibers should be at least 20 ° C below the melting point of the supporting filaments. Due to the proportion of crimped fibers in this nonwoven, it is very drapable, i.e. it folds like a woven fabric; however, it is not usable as a highly resilient and dimensionally stable reinforcement material and as a tufting carrier.

Höher belastbare schmelzbinderverfestigte Spinnvliese, sind zum Beispiel aus der DE-PS 22 40 437 und der DE-A- 36 42 089 bekannt. Diese vorbekannten Spinnvliese, bei denen sowohl die tragenden Filamente wie auch die Binderfilamente aus Polyestern bestehen können, dienen insbesondere als Verstärkungs- und Trägermaterialien in der Nadelfilz- und Tuftingherstellung. Bei dem Spinnvlies nach der DE-PS 22 40 437 werden Filamente eines relativ groben Einzeltiters von mehr als 8 dtex verwendet. Der Anteil der Binderfilamente liegt bei 10 bis 30%, vorzugsweise zwischen 15 und 25%. Bei dem Spinnvlies nach der DE-OS 36 42 089 sind in den Beispielen Einzeltiter von 5 bzw. 12 dtex angegeben; der Anteil der Binderfilamente liegt zwischen 10 und 50%, vorzugsweise zwischen 15 und 30%. Das Flächengewicht ist mit größer als 120 g/m² angegeben.Highly resilient spunbonded nonwovens bonded with melt binders are known, for example, from DE-PS 22 40 437 and DE-A-36 42 089. These previously known spunbonded nonwovens, in which both the supporting filaments and the binder filaments can consist of polyesters, serve in particular as reinforcing and carrier materials in the manufacture of needled felt and tufting. In the spunbonded web according to DE-PS 22 40 437, filaments of a relatively coarse individual titer of more than 8 dtex are used. The proportion of binder filaments is 10 to 30%, preferably between 15 and 25%. In the spunbonded fabric according to DE-OS 36 42 089, individual titres of 5 or 12 dtex are given in the examples; the proportion of binder filaments is between 10 and 50%, preferably between 15 and 30%. The weight per unit area is stated to be greater than 120 g / m².

In der DE-PS 22 40 437 wird hervorgehoben, daß ein relativ großer Abstand zwischen dem Schmelzpunkt der tragenden Filamente und dem der Binderfilamente einzuhalten ist, der mindestens 30°C betragen muß. Damit soll sichergestellt werden, daß bei der Verfestigung des Vliesstoffs eine thermische Schädigung der tragenden Filamente ausgeschlossen wird. Diese Anweisung wird in einer neueren Druckschrift, der DE-OS 36 42 089 noch verschärft: Dort soll die Differenz der Schmelzpunkte von tragenden und Binderfilamenten sogar mindestens 90°C betragen. Deshalb werden dort als Binderfilamente Polyolefinfilamente bevorzugt.In DE-PS 22 40 437 it is emphasized that a relatively large distance between the melting point of the supporting filaments and that of the binder filaments must be maintained, which is at least 30 ° C. got to. This is to ensure that thermal damage to the supporting filaments is excluded when the nonwoven is consolidated. This instruction is made even more stringent in a new publication, DE-OS 36 42 089: there, the difference between the melting points of supporting and binder filaments should even be at least 90 ° C. Therefore, polyolefin filaments are preferred as binder filaments.

Diese bekannten schmelzbinderverfestigten Vliesstoffe haben den schwerwiegenden Nachteil, daß sie sich nicht für solche Einsatzgebiete eignen, bei denen sie hohen Weiterverarbeitungstemperaturen ausgesetzt sind, denn der tiefliegende Schmelzpunkt der Binderkomponente setzt auch die Weiterverarbeitungs- und Gebrauchstemperatur erheblich herab.These known melt binder-bonded nonwovens have the serious disadvantage that they are not suitable for those areas of application in which they are exposed to high processing temperatures, because the low melting point of the binder component also significantly reduces the processing and use temperature.

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft nun einen schmelzbinderverfestigten Vliesstoff mit hoher Festigkeit und hoher Dimensionsstabilität, der thermisch hoch belastbar ist, d.h. der eine überaus vorteilhafte hohe Weiterverarbeitungs- und Gebrauchstemperatur hat.
Das erfindungsgemäße schmelzbinderverfestigte Spinnvlies besteht aus tragenden Filamenten und als Schmelzbinder dienenden Binderfilamenten, und ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Schmelzpunkt der Binderfilamente weniger als 30°C, vorzugsweise weniger als 20°C, unter dem Schmelzpunkt der tragenden Filamente liegt.
Die tragenden Filamente und Binderfilamente bestehen vorzugsweise aus Polyester. Das Flächengewicht der erfindungsgemäßen Spinnvliese liegt in der Regel im Bereich zwischen 50 und 500 g/m², vorzugsweise zwischen 50 und 250 g/m², kann aber natürlich für spezielle Anwendungen auch geringer oder höher gewählt werden. Der Einzeltiter der tragenden Filamente und Binderfilamente liegt vorzugsweise im Bereich zwischen 1 und 20 dtex und der Anteil der Binderfilamente vorzugsweise zwischen 5 und 25 Gewichtsprozent.
Bevorzugt sind erfindungsgemäße Spinnvliese, in denen der Einzeltiter der Binderfilamente kleiner ist als der der tragenden Filamente.
Bevorzugt sind insbesondere auch solche erfindungsgemäßen Spinnvliese, bei denen der Schmelzpunkt der Binderfilamente 10 bis 20°C unter dem Schmelzpunkt der tragenden Filamente liegt.The present invention now relates to a melt-bond-bonded nonwoven fabric with high strength and high dimensional stability, which is thermally highly resilient, ie which has an extremely advantageous high processing and use temperature.
The melt-bonded spunbond fabric according to the invention consists of load-bearing filaments and binder filaments serving as melt binders, and is characterized in that the melting point of the binder filaments is less than 30 ° C., preferably less than 20 ° C., below the melting point of the load-bearing filaments.
The supporting filaments and binder filaments are preferably made of polyester. The basis weight of the spunbonded nonwovens according to the invention is generally in the range between 50 and 500 g / m², preferably between 50 and 250 g / m², but can of course also be selected to be lower or higher for special applications. The individual titer of the supporting filaments and binder filaments is preferably in the range between 1 and 20 dtex and the proportion of the binder filaments is preferably between 5 and 25 percent by weight.
Spunbonded fabrics according to the invention are preferred in which the individual titer of the binder filaments is smaller than that of the supporting filaments.
Those spunbonded webs according to the invention in which the melting point of the binder filaments is 10 to 20 ° C. below the melting point of the supporting filaments are particularly preferred.

In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Spinnvliese bestehen die tragenden Filamente aus Polyethylenterephthalat, während der Schmelzbinder aus einem Polymeren besteht, dessen Schmelzpunkt die oben genannte Differenz zum Schmelzpunkt der tragenden Filamente aufweist. Vorzugsweise bestehen die Binderfilamente aus einem isophthalsäuremodifizierten Polyester mit einem entsprechend geringfügig abgesenkten Schmelzpunkt.In a further preferred embodiment of the spunbonded nonwovens according to the invention, the load-bearing filaments consist of polyethylene terephthalate, while the melt binder consists of a polymer, the melting point of which has the above-mentioned difference to the melting point of the load-bearing filaments. The binder filaments preferably consist of an isophthalic acid-modified polyester with a correspondingly slightly reduced melting point.

Der Anteil der Binderfilamente am Gesamtgewicht der erfindungsgemäßen Spinnvliese wird innerhalb des oben angegebenen Bereichs so niedrig wie möglich gewählt und dem beabsichtigten Verwendungszweck der Vliese angepaßt. Geringere Binderanteile verbessern die thermischen und mechanischen Eigenschaften noch weiter, während höhere Binderanteile besonders delaminierungsresistente Vliese ergeben.
Das Flächengewicht der erfindungsgemäße Vliese und der Einzeltiter der Filamente wird innerhalb der oben angegebenen Bereiche je nach dem Einsatzgebiet gewählt. Beispielsweise wird für einen Tuftingträger zweckmäßigerweise ein Flächengewicht bis zu 500 g/m² und ein Einzeltiter bis zu 20 dtex gewählt.
Als besonders zweckmäßig hat es sich erwiesen, die Art der Einbringung der Binderfilamente und ihren Anteil auf das ausgewählte Flächengewicht abzustimmen.
Weiterhin sind solche erfindungsgemäßen Spinnvliese bevorzugt, in denen die tragenden Filamente und Binderfilamente aus flammhemmend modifizierten Polyestern bestehen.
Eine weitere bevorzugte Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vliese weist eine Schichtstruktur aus tragenden Filamenten und Binderfilamenten auf,wobei es besonders vorteilhaft ist, wenn die beiden äußeren Schichten keine Binderfilamente enthalten. Für spezielle Anwendungen, bei denen es auf eine möglichst gute elektrische Leitfähigkeit der Vliesstoffe ankommt, sind erfindungsgemäße Spinnvliese bevorzugt, deren Binderfilamente ein Antistatikum, insbesondere Ruß, enthalten.
Eine weitere spezielle Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vliese enthält keine gesonderten Binderfilamente sondern Bikomponentenfilamente in Kern-Hülle- oder Seite-an-Seite-Anordnung, die aus den beiden Polymeren für die tragenden und die bindenden Filamente in dem gewünschten Mengenverhältnis aufgebaut sind.
Das erfindungsgemäß ausgebildete Spinnvlies ist frei von harzigen Bindemitteln und daher von Haus aus schwer entflammbar. Wie bereits erwähnt, kann die Schwerentflammbarkeit durch geeignete Auswahl von flammhemmend modifizierten Rohstoffen für die tragenden Filamente und die Binderfilamente noch verbessert werden. Diese flammfesten Spinnvliese können dann auch in brandgefährdeten Räumen eingesetzt werden, z. B. als Trägermaterial für Vorhänge, Tapeten, Jalousien, oder als Bestandteile für Sitzbezüge in Fahrzeugen oder Flugzeugen. Bevorzugt sind auch besonders voluminöse erfindungsgemäße Spinnvliese,wie sie z.B. unter Einsatz eines rel. geringen Anteils von Binderfilamenten und Siebtrommelfixierung erhalten werden. Diese haben dann auch eine lockere, faserige Oberflächenstruktur, die die Haftung von Beschichtungsmaterialien, von PVC oder Bitumen deutlich erhöht. Derartige voluminöse Spinnvliese mit faserreicher Oberfläche eignen sich auch zur Herstellung von Filterstoffen. Der Zusatz von Antistatika, im einfachsten Fall von Ruß, im Schmelzzylinder erlaubt darüberhinaus den Einsatz des erfindungsgemäß ausgebildeten Spinnvlieses in explosionsgefährdeten Zonen oder auch als Filtermedium für Reinräume.
Die Anfärbbarkeit des Schmelzbinders kann an die der tragenden Filamente durch Modifikation des Schmelzbinder-Rohstoffes angepaßt werden; andererseits kann eine unterschiedliche Anfärbbarkeit auch zu interessanten Farbeffekten genutzt werden.The proportion of binder filaments in the total weight of the spunbonded nonwovens according to the invention is chosen to be as low as possible within the range given above and is adapted to the intended use of the nonwovens. Lower binder proportions further improve the thermal and mechanical properties, while higher binder proportions result in particularly delamination-resistant nonwovens.
The weight per unit area of the nonwovens according to the invention and the individual titer of the filaments are selected within the ranges specified above, depending on the area of use. For example, a basis weight of up to 500 g / m² and a single titer of up to 20 dtex are expediently chosen for a tufting carrier.
It has proven to be particularly expedient to match the type of introduction of the binder filaments and their proportion to the selected basis weight.
Furthermore, those spunbonded webs according to the invention are preferred in which the supporting filaments and binder filaments consist of flame-retardant modified polyesters.
Another preferred embodiment of the nonwovens according to the invention has a layer structure of load-bearing filaments and binder filaments, it being particularly advantageous if the two outer layers do not contain binder filaments. For special applications in which the best possible electrical conductivity of the nonwovens is important, spunbonded nonwovens according to the invention are preferred, the binder filaments of which contain an antistatic, in particular carbon black.
Another special embodiment of the nonwovens according to the invention does not contain separate binder filaments but bicomponent filaments in core-shell or side-by-side arrangement, which are made up of the two polymers for the load-bearing and the binding filaments in the desired ratio.
The spun-bonded nonwoven formed according to the invention is free from resinous binders and is therefore inherently flame-retardant. As already mentioned, the low flammability can be further improved by suitable selection of flame-retardant modified raw materials for the supporting filaments and the binder filaments. These flame-retardant spunbonded nonwovens can then also be used in rooms at risk of fire, e.g. B. as a carrier material for curtains, wallpaper, blinds, or as components for seat covers in vehicles or aircraft. Particularly voluminous spunbonded nonwovens according to the invention, such as those using a rel. small proportion of binder filaments and sieve drum fixation can be obtained. These then also have a loose, fibrous surface structure, which significantly increases the adhesion of coating materials, PVC or bitumen. Such voluminous spunbonded nonwovens with a fiber-rich surface are also suitable for producing filter fabrics. The addition of antistatic agents, in the simplest case of soot, in the melting cylinder, moreover, permits the use of the spunbonded nonwoven according to the invention in potentially explosive areas or as a filter medium for clean rooms.
The dyeability of the melt binder can be adapted to that of the supporting filaments by modification of the melt binder raw material; on the other hand, different dyeability can also be used to create interesting color effects.

Die Herstellung des erfindungsgemaßen Spinnvlieses erfolgt in an sich bekannter Weise durch Ablage von tragenden Filamenten und Binderfilamenten auf einer bewegten Siebunterlage zu einem Wirrvlies, und ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Binderfilamente abgelegt werden, deren Schmelzpunkt weniger als 30°C, vorzugsweise weniger als 20°C, unter dem Schmelzpunkt der tragenden Filamente liegt.
Vorzugsweise werden tragende Filamente und Binderfilamente abgelegt, die aus Polyester bestehen. Weiterhin ist es bevorzugt, den Einzeltiter der tragenden Filamente und Binderfilamente im Bereich zwischen 1 und 20 dtex und/oder den Anteil der Binderfilamente zwischen 5 und 25 Gewichtsprozent zu wählen. Die Menge der pro m² abgelegten Filamente wird nach den oben angegebenen Kriterien bemessen;in der Regel werden 50 bis 500 g Filamente pro m² abgelegt.The spunbonded nonwoven according to the invention is produced in a manner known per se by depositing load-bearing filaments and binder filaments on a moving screen base to form a tangled nonwoven, and is characterized in that binder filaments are deposited whose melting point is less than 30 ° C., preferably less than 20 ° C. , is below the melting point of the supporting filaments.
Load-bearing filaments and binder filaments, which consist of polyester, are preferably deposited. Furthermore, it is preferred to choose the individual titer of the supporting filaments and binder filaments in the range between 1 and 20 dtex and / or the proportion of the binder filaments between 5 and 25 percent by weight. The amount of filaments deposited per m² is measured according to the criteria given above; usually 50 to 500 g of filaments are deposited per m².

Vorzugsweise erfolgt die Filamentablage unter Einsatz einer rotierenden Prallplatte und einer nachgeschalteten Leitfläche wie sie in der DE-PS 27 13 241 beschrieben ist.
Zur Herstellung erfindungsgemäßer Spinnvliese mit der bevorzugten Schichtenstruktur erfolgt die Filamentablage durch mehrere in Bewegungsrichtung der Siebunterlage hintereinander liegende Reihen von Ablageorganen, aus denen abwechselnd tragende und bindende Filamente abgelegt werden.
In einer speziellen Ausführungsform werden die Polymere für die tragenden Filamente und die Binderfilamente in dem angegebenen Mengenverhältnis als Bikomponentenfilamente ausgesponnen und abgelegt.Filament is preferably deposited using a rotating baffle plate and a downstream guide surface as described in DE-PS 27 13 241.
To produce spunbonded nonwovens according to the invention with the preferred layer structure, the filament is deposited by a plurality of rows of depositing elements one behind the other in the direction of movement of the screen support, from which alternating load-bearing and binding filaments are deposited.
In a special embodiment, the polymers for the supporting filaments and the binder filaments are spun out and deposited as bicomponent filaments in the specified ratio.

Es erfolgt meist keine Vernadelung der abgelegten Filamente, sondern nur eine thermische Vorverfestigung, wie sie zum Beispiel in der DE-PS 33 22 936 beschrieben ist, und eine sich daran anschließende endgültige thermische Verfestigung, z.B. mit glatter oder profilierter Walze. Bei hohen Flächengewichten kann aber eine Vernadelung zu einer weiteren Verbesserung der Vlieseigenschaften führen.There is usually no needling of the deposited filaments, but only thermal pre-consolidation, as described for example in DE-PS 33 22 936, and subsequent final thermal consolidation, for example with a smooth or profiled roller. With high basis weights, needling can lead to a further improvement in the nonwoven properties.

Die thermische Verfestigung erfolgt besonders bevorzugt durch Heißluft, z.B. in Siebtrommelfixierern, denen ein Prägewalzenpaar nachgeschaltet sein kann.
Besonders voluminöse Spinnvliese ergeben sich bei einem möglichst geringen Anteil von Binderfilamenten und einer Siebtrommelfixierung.The thermal consolidation is particularly preferably carried out by hot air, for example in screen drum fixers, which can be followed by a pair of embossing rollers.
Particularly voluminous spunbonded nonwovens result from the lowest possible proportion of binder filaments and a sieve drum fixation.

Claims (19)

Schmelzbinderverfestigtes Spinnvlies aus tragenden Filamenten und als Schmelzbinder dienenden Binderfilamenten, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Schmelzpunkt der Binderfilamente weniger als 30°C unter dem Schmelzpunkt der tragenden Filamente liegt.Spunbonded nonwoven made of supporting filaments and binder filaments serving as melt binders, characterized in that the melting point of the binder filaments is less than 30 ° C below the melting point of the supporting filaments. Spinnvlies nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Flächengewicht des Spinnvlieses im Bereich zwischen 50 und 500 g/m² liegt.Spunbonded fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that the basis weight of the spunbonded fabric is in the range between 50 and 500 g / m². Spinnvlies nach mindestens einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß tragende Filamente und Binderfilamente aus Polyester bestehen.Spunbonded fabric according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that supporting filaments and binder filaments consist of polyester. Spinnvlies nach mindestens einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Einzeltiter der tragenden Filamente und Binderfilamente im Bereich zwischen 1 und 20 dtex liegt.Spunbonded fabric according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the individual titer of the supporting filaments and binder filaments is in the range between 1 and 20 dtex. Spinnvlies nach mindestens einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Anteil der Binderfilamente zwischen 5 und 25 Gewichtsprozent liegt.Spunbonded fabric according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the proportion of binder filaments is between 5 and 25 percent by weight. Spinnvlies nach mindestens einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Einzeltiter der Binderfilamente kleiner ist als der der tragenden Filamente.Spunbonded fabric according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the individual titer of the binder filaments is smaller than that of the supporting filaments. Spinnvlies nach mindestens einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die tragenden Filamente aus Polyethylenterephthalat bestehen.Spunbonded fabric according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the supporting filaments consist of polyethylene terephthalate. Spinnvlies nach mindestens einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Schmelzpunkt der Binderfilamente weniger als 20°C unter dem Schmelzpunkt der tragenden Filamente liegt.Spunbonded fabric according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the melting point of the binder filaments is less than 20 ° C below the melting point of the supporting filaments. Spinnvlies nach mindestens einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Schmelzpunkt der Binderfilamente 10 bis 20°C unter dem Schmelzpunkt der tragenden Filamente liegt.Spunbonded fabric according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the melting point of the binder filaments is 10 to 20 ° C below the melting point of the supporting filaments. Spinnvlies nach mindestens einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Binderfilamente aus einem isophthalsäuremodifizierten Polyester mit einem entsprechend abgesenkten Schmelzpunkt bestehen.Spunbonded fabric according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the binder filaments consist of an isophthalic acid-modified polyester with a correspondingly lowered melting point. Spinnvlies nach mindestens einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die tragenden Filamente und Binderfilamente aus flammhemmend modifizierten Polyestern bestehen.Spunbonded fabric according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the supporting filaments and binder filaments consist of flame-retardant modified polyesters. Spinnvlies nach mindestens einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Binderfilamente ein Antistatikum, insbesondere Ruß, enthalten.Spunbonded fabric according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the binder filaments contain an antistatic, in particular carbon black. Spinnvlies nach mindestens einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es eine Schichtstruktur aus tragenden Filamenten und Binderfilamenten aufweist.Spunbonded fabric according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has a layer structure of load-bearing filaments and binder filaments. Spinnvlies gemäß Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die beiden äußeren Schichten keine Binderfilamente enthalten.Spunbonded fabric according to claim 13, characterized in that the two outer layers do not contain any binder filaments. Verfahren zur Herstellung des Spinnvlieses des Anspruchs 1 durch Ablage von tragenden Filamenten und Binderfilamenten zu einem Wirrvlies in an sich bekannter Weise, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Binderfilamente abgelegt werden, deren Schmelzpunkt weniger als 30°C unter dem Schmelzpunkt der tragenden Filamente liegt.A process for producing the spunbonded nonwoven of claim 1 by depositing load-bearing filaments and binder filaments into a tangled nonwoven in a manner known per se, characterized in that binder filaments are deposited, the melting point of which is less than 30 ° C below the melting point of the load-bearing filaments. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Filamentablage unter Einsatz einer rotierenden Prallplatte und einer nachgeschalteten Leitfläche erfolgt.A method according to claim 15, characterized in that the filament is deposited using a rotating baffle plate and a downstream guide surface. Verfahren gemäß mindestens einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Filamentablage durch mehrere in Bewegungsrichtung der Vliestransporteinrichtung hintereinander liegende Reihen von Ablageorganen erfolgt.Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the filament is deposited by means of a plurality of rows of depositing elements arranged one behind the other in the direction of movement of the fleece transport device. Verfahren gemäß mindestens einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Polymere für die tragenden Filamente und die Binderfilamente in dem angegebenen Mengenverhältnis als Bikomponentenfilamente ausgesponnen und abgelegt werden.Process according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the polymers for the supporting filaments and the binder filaments are spun out and deposited as bicomponent filaments in the specified ratio. Verfahren gemäß mindestens einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verfestigung des Vlieses durch eine Wärmebehandlung bei einer Temperatur zwischen den Schmelzpunkten von tragenden Filamenten und Binderfilamenten erfolgt.Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the nonwoven is solidified by a heat treatment at a temperature between the melting points of supporting filaments and binder filaments.
EP91105398A 1990-04-09 1991-04-05 Thermally stable, melting-binder-strengthened nonwoven web and method for making the same Expired - Lifetime EP0455990B2 (en)

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DE4011479A DE4011479A1 (en) 1990-04-09 1990-04-09 THERMALLY STABLE, MELTBinder-strengthened spunbonded nonwoven
DE4011479 1990-04-09

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EP0590629A2 (en) * 1992-10-02 1994-04-06 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Bituminous under-roofing felt and carrier web

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DE4316017C1 (en) * 1993-05-13 1994-09-15 Freudenberg Carl Fa Filter belt and process for the production thereof
US5618857A (en) * 1993-06-24 1997-04-08 Loctite Corporation Impregnation sealant composition of superior high temperature resistance, and method of making same
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ATE129531T1 (en) 1995-11-15
EP0455990B2 (en) 1998-02-11
EP0455990B1 (en) 1995-10-25
US5219647A (en) 1993-06-15
IE911164A1 (en) 1991-10-09
PT97285B (en) 1999-04-30
PT97285A (en) 1993-07-30
DE59106749D1 (en) 1995-11-30
CA2039971A1 (en) 1991-10-10
JPH04222266A (en) 1992-08-12
KR910018619A (en) 1991-11-30
IE70594B1 (en) 1996-12-11
KR0149674B1 (en) 1998-10-15

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