EP0451923A2 - Brûleur - Google Patents
Brûleur Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0451923A2 EP0451923A2 EP91200856A EP91200856A EP0451923A2 EP 0451923 A2 EP0451923 A2 EP 0451923A2 EP 91200856 A EP91200856 A EP 91200856A EP 91200856 A EP91200856 A EP 91200856A EP 0451923 A2 EP0451923 A2 EP 0451923A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- primary
- mixture
- supply conduit
- burner
- mixture supply
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 208000028659 discharge Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 26
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/26—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid with provision for a retention flame
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/02—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone
- F23D14/04—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner
- F23D14/06—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner with radial outlets at the burner head
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/02—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone
- F23D14/04—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner
- F23D14/10—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner with elongated tubular burner head
- F23D14/105—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner with elongated tubular burner head with injector axis parallel to the burner head axis
Definitions
- the invention relates to a burner comprising a primary conduit for supplying a mixture of combustible gas and air; and at least one primary mixture chamber, having at least one inflow opening connected with the primary mixture supply conduit, the diameter of which opening is of the same order as that of the primary mixture supply conduit, and at least one primary discharge opening, which discharges into the space surrounding the burner, and the diameter of which is small relative to the diameter of the primary mixture supply conduit.
- the limited adjustability of the known burners is due to the fact that as burner power is increased by increasing mixture supply, at a certain point the velocity at which the mixture to be burnt discharges from the primary discharge openings exceeds its combustion velocity. Thereby, the flame is "blown away" as it were, and the burner extinguishes.
- the present invention therefore has for its object to provide a burner having an improved adjustability vis-à-vis the burners described above, and in which a relatively low combustion temperature is maintained throughout the entire range of loads. This is accomplished according to the invention by flame stabilizing means arranged near the primary discharge opening.
- a stable combustion which may also occur outside the burner, can be maintained over a large range of loads.
- the diameter of the primary discharge opening being small relative to the diameter of the primary mixture supply conduit, at high loads a high flow velocity of the mixture to be burnt develops therein.
- a fan shaped flame front having a large surface develops, whereby the combustion temperature is kept relatively low (in the order of 1000-1100°C), and the combustion thus clean.
- the flame stabilizing means function to keep the combustion velocity in at least one point of the flame front substantially equal to the discharge velocity of the mixture to be burnt, whereby the flame "rests" in that point. This point stabilizes the combustion in the remainder of the flame front.
- the primary mixture chamber has a plurality of discharge areas with primary discharge openings arranged therein in a regular pattern, and the flame stabilizing means have the shape of vortex strips mutually separating the discharge areas, a sturdy burner having an improved adjustability is provided in an easy manner.
- the burner is made of a ceramic material.
- Ceramic burners have a very clean combustion relative to conventional steel burners. Especially the emission of nitrogen oxide is strongly reduced when using a ceramic burner. This is due to the isolating action of the ceramic material, whereby a relatively low combustion temperature is maintained. The isolating action of the ceramic material further prevents the gas-air mixture in the supply line of the burner from being preheated. This is important, since with preheating dissociation of the mixture, and thence forming of nitrogen oxide already occurs in the supply line.
- a ceramic burner 1 (fig. 1) comprises a primary mixture supply conduit 2, around which an annular secondary mixture chamber 3 is arranged in order to stabilize the flame of the burner 1, said chamber being connected with the primary mixture supply conduit 2 over circumferentially spaced, radial secondary mixture supply conduits 4.
- the secondary mixture chamber 3 is connected to the space surrounding the burner over a secondary discharge opening 5.
- the primary mixture supply conduit 2 discharges into a cylindrical primary mixture chamber 6, which is connected to the space surrounding the burner 1 over a plurality of circumferentially spaced, radial primary discharge openings 7.
- the primary and secondary mixture chambers 6,3 are formed by two stackable, concentric annular elements 9,10. By stacking several of these elements 9,10 in the manner indicated in the figure, a burner having the required heating capacity may easily be assembled.
- a gas-air mixture that is supplied through the primary mixture supply conduit 2 (fig. 2,3 and 4) divides over the secondary mixture chamber 3 (as indicated by the arrows S) and the primary mixture chamber 6 (indicated by the arrows P).
- the flow velocity of the mixture is relatively low, and combustion of the primary mixture flow P takes place in the primary discharge openings 7.
- the flame front 11 in this case is arc-shaped.
- the ceramic burner functions as a source of heat radiation, since the ceramic material surrounding the primary discharge openings 7 glows.
- the flow velocity of the mixture increases still further, and exceeds the combustion velocity of the mixture by such an amount, that the flame would be blown out.
- the primary mixture flow P is preheated by the presence of the secondary mixture flow S flowing from the secondary mixture chamber 3, whereby the combustion velocity of the primary mixture flow P increases and in at least one point of the flame front becomes substantially equal to the discharge velocity thereof, so that a stable flame develops. Due to the high flow velocity of the primary mixture flow P in the primary discharge openings 7, the flame fronts 11 assume a fan shape.
- the heating capacity of a ceramic burner according to the invention may be further increased by connecting several stacks of annular elements 9,10 with a common main supply conduit 12 (fig. 5).
- the main supply conduit 12 is provided with a gas-air mixture by an injector 13, through which the gas G is spouted into the main supply conduit 12 with such high velocity, that air A is sucked in therewith.
- the secondary mixture supply conduits 4 are each connected with a primary supply conduit 2, it may of course be envisaged to connect the secondary supply conduit 4 with a source of combustible mixture independent from the primary supply conduit 2.
- a well burning stabilizing flame is ensured under all circumstances.
- An alternative embodiment of the ceramic burner according to the invention uses flame stabilizing means in the form of so called vortex strips 14 (fig. 7).
- the primary mixture chamber 6 is covered on its upper side by a burner plate 15, in which a large number of primary discharge openings 7 is arranged.
- the primary discharge openings 7 are arranged in regular patterns in a number of separate discharge areas 16, which are separated by the vortex strips 14.
- the vortex strips 14 form zones of reduced flow velocities between the discharge areas 16, in which the warm mixture swirls around, igniting the mixture that is discharging at a high velocity. Therefore, even at high burner loads (fig. 8) there are points in the flame front 11 where the combustion velocity is substantially equal to the discharge velocity of the mixture. Thus the flame "rests" on those points and the complete flame front is stabilized.
- the optimum pattern of the vortex strips 14 on the burner plate 15 and the relationship between the widths of the vortex strips 14, the dimensions of the discharge areas 16 and the diameters of the separate discharge openings 7 may be easily determined by someone skilled in the art on the basis of his experience and insight. It is recommended to choose an irregular pattern for the vortex strips 14, in order to prevent as much as possible the occurence of resonances.
- the primary mixture chamber 6 is rectangular. Possible variations in the flow velocity of the gas-air mixture due to this form hardly influence the performance of the burner 1, since the presence of the vortex strips 14 ensures the stability of the combustion over an extended range of loads, and thus over a large variety of mixture flow velocities.
- the illustrated burner 1 is further provided with an aligning ring 17 arranged around the burner plate 15, for maintaining the burning mixture flow discharging along the edge of the plate 15 within the circumference of the burner plate 15.
- an aligning ring 17 Under the inwardly extending part of the aligning ring 17 is arranged an outer row of discharge openings 7, from which the mixture flows against the aligning ring 17, again generating a vortex for stabilizing the flame.
- a cord-shaped gasket 18 of ceramic material is provided between the aligning ring 17 and the burner plate 15 .
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Gas Burners (AREA)
- Manufacture, Treatment Of Glass Fibers (AREA)
- Macromolecular Compounds Obtained By Forming Nitrogen-Containing Linkages In General (AREA)
- Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)
- Polymers With Sulfur, Phosphorus Or Metals In The Main Chain (AREA)
- Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
- Magnetic Heads (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NL9000883A NL9000883A (nl) | 1990-04-12 | 1990-04-12 | Keramische brander. |
NL9000883 | 1990-04-12 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0451923A2 true EP0451923A2 (fr) | 1991-10-16 |
EP0451923A3 EP0451923A3 (en) | 1992-07-01 |
EP0451923B1 EP0451923B1 (fr) | 1994-12-07 |
Family
ID=19856931
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP91200856A Revoked EP0451923B1 (fr) | 1990-04-12 | 1991-04-11 | Brûleur |
Country Status (17)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0451923B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JPH04225709A (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE115260T1 (fr) |
BG (1) | BG94249A (fr) |
CS (1) | CS104091A2 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69105588T2 (fr) |
DK (1) | DK0451923T3 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2064881T3 (fr) |
FI (1) | FI911764A (fr) |
HU (1) | HUT60027A (fr) |
LT (1) | LTIP1567A (fr) |
NL (1) | NL9000883A (fr) |
NO (1) | NO911413L (fr) |
PL (1) | PL165631B1 (fr) |
RU (1) | RU2042883C1 (fr) |
SI (1) | SI9110667A (fr) |
YU (1) | YU66791A (fr) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5368476A (en) * | 1991-07-05 | 1994-11-29 | Tokyo Gas Company Ltd. | Low-NOx gas burner |
EP0751344A1 (fr) * | 1995-06-15 | 1997-01-02 | British Gas plc | Brûleur opérant au combustible |
NL1001688C2 (nl) * | 1995-11-17 | 1997-05-21 | Furigas Assen Bv | Brander met gesegmenteerd branderdek. |
AT405444B (de) * | 1996-01-30 | 1999-08-25 | Vaillant Gmbh | Heizeinrichtung mit einem im wesentlichen zylinderförmigen brenner |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
BRPI0906568A2 (pt) * | 2008-01-28 | 2015-07-07 | Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance | Queimador de gás |
CN103162292B (zh) * | 2013-02-26 | 2015-06-03 | 宁波方太厨具有限公司 | 一种燃烧器外火盖 |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
NL83206C (fr) * | 1900-01-01 | |||
GB735519A (en) * | 1951-05-30 | 1955-08-24 | Bataafsche Petroleum | Apparatus for stabilising the flames of gas burners |
FR1319406A (fr) * | 1962-01-18 | 1963-03-01 | Usines Du Pied Selle Soc D | Perfectionnements apportés aux brûleurs destinés aux fours-grilloirs de cuisinières à gaz |
FR1327885A (fr) * | 1962-04-12 | 1963-05-24 | Brûleur à flamme pilote | |
NL6609404A (fr) * | 1966-07-05 | 1968-01-08 | ||
FR1545512A (fr) * | 1966-12-05 | 1968-11-08 | W App Nfabriek N V As | Brûleur |
DE1429133B1 (de) * | 1963-09-13 | 1970-09-24 | Bray & Co Ltd Geo | Gasbrennerduese |
DE2035563A1 (de) * | 1970-07-17 | 1972-01-20 | Dreizler W | Gasbrennerkopf mit atmosphärischer Gasluftvormischung |
-
1990
- 1990-04-12 NL NL9000883A patent/NL9000883A/nl not_active Application Discontinuation
-
1991
- 1991-04-11 FI FI911764A patent/FI911764A/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1991-04-11 DE DE69105588T patent/DE69105588T2/de not_active Revoked
- 1991-04-11 AT AT91200856T patent/ATE115260T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-04-11 EP EP91200856A patent/EP0451923B1/fr not_active Revoked
- 1991-04-11 DK DK91200856.2T patent/DK0451923T3/da active
- 1991-04-11 ES ES91200856T patent/ES2064881T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-04-11 RU SU914895113A patent/RU2042883C1/ru active
- 1991-04-11 NO NO91911413A patent/NO911413L/no unknown
- 1991-04-12 PL PL91289871A patent/PL165631B1/pl unknown
- 1991-04-12 CS CS911040A patent/CS104091A2/cs unknown
- 1991-04-12 HU HU911220A patent/HUT60027A/hu unknown
- 1991-04-12 BG BG094249A patent/BG94249A/bg unknown
- 1991-04-12 SI SI9110667A patent/SI9110667A/sl unknown
- 1991-04-12 JP JP3079580A patent/JPH04225709A/ja active Pending
- 1991-04-12 YU YU66791A patent/YU66791A/sh unknown
-
1993
- 1993-12-08 LT LTIP1567A patent/LTIP1567A/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
NL83206C (fr) * | 1900-01-01 | |||
GB735519A (en) * | 1951-05-30 | 1955-08-24 | Bataafsche Petroleum | Apparatus for stabilising the flames of gas burners |
FR1319406A (fr) * | 1962-01-18 | 1963-03-01 | Usines Du Pied Selle Soc D | Perfectionnements apportés aux brûleurs destinés aux fours-grilloirs de cuisinières à gaz |
FR1327885A (fr) * | 1962-04-12 | 1963-05-24 | Brûleur à flamme pilote | |
DE1429133B1 (de) * | 1963-09-13 | 1970-09-24 | Bray & Co Ltd Geo | Gasbrennerduese |
NL6609404A (fr) * | 1966-07-05 | 1968-01-08 | ||
FR1545512A (fr) * | 1966-12-05 | 1968-11-08 | W App Nfabriek N V As | Brûleur |
DE2035563A1 (de) * | 1970-07-17 | 1972-01-20 | Dreizler W | Gasbrennerkopf mit atmosphärischer Gasluftvormischung |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5368476A (en) * | 1991-07-05 | 1994-11-29 | Tokyo Gas Company Ltd. | Low-NOx gas burner |
EP0751344A1 (fr) * | 1995-06-15 | 1997-01-02 | British Gas plc | Brûleur opérant au combustible |
GB2302401B (en) * | 1995-06-15 | 1999-08-04 | British Gas Plc | Fuel fired burners |
US5993200A (en) * | 1995-06-15 | 1999-11-30 | British Gas Plc. | Fuel fired burners |
NL1001688C2 (nl) * | 1995-11-17 | 1997-05-21 | Furigas Assen Bv | Brander met gesegmenteerd branderdek. |
EP0774623A1 (fr) * | 1995-11-17 | 1997-05-21 | Dejatech B.V. | Brûleur à surface de sortie segmentée |
AT405444B (de) * | 1996-01-30 | 1999-08-25 | Vaillant Gmbh | Heizeinrichtung mit einem im wesentlichen zylinderförmigen brenner |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0451923A3 (en) | 1992-07-01 |
SI9110667A (en) | 1994-06-30 |
ATE115260T1 (de) | 1994-12-15 |
LTIP1567A (en) | 1995-06-26 |
NO911413L (no) | 1991-10-14 |
CS104091A2 (en) | 1991-12-17 |
DE69105588D1 (de) | 1995-01-19 |
ES2064881T3 (es) | 1995-02-01 |
BG94249A (bg) | 1993-12-24 |
JPH04225709A (ja) | 1992-08-14 |
DE69105588T2 (de) | 1995-04-13 |
FI911764A (fi) | 1991-10-13 |
YU66791A (sh) | 1994-12-28 |
PL165631B1 (pl) | 1995-01-31 |
NL9000883A (nl) | 1991-11-01 |
FI911764A0 (fi) | 1991-04-11 |
DK0451923T3 (da) | 1995-05-29 |
EP0451923B1 (fr) | 1994-12-07 |
RU2042883C1 (ru) | 1995-08-27 |
HU911220D0 (en) | 1991-10-28 |
NO911413D0 (no) | 1991-04-11 |
HUT60027A (en) | 1992-07-28 |
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