EP0451343A1 - High pressure hot separator - Google Patents

High pressure hot separator Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0451343A1
EP0451343A1 EP90122735A EP90122735A EP0451343A1 EP 0451343 A1 EP0451343 A1 EP 0451343A1 EP 90122735 A EP90122735 A EP 90122735A EP 90122735 A EP90122735 A EP 90122735A EP 0451343 A1 EP0451343 A1 EP 0451343A1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
pressure
hot separator
gas
separator
product
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EP90122735A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0451343B1 (en
Inventor
Heinz Frohnert
Werner Riedel
Klaus Dr. Niemann
Edgar Prof. Dr. Muschelknautz
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Veba Oel Technologie und Automatisierung GmbH
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Veba Oel Technologie und Automatisierung GmbH
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
    • C10G1/04—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by extraction
    • C10G1/045—Separation of insoluble materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G31/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by methods not otherwise provided for
    • C10G31/10—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by methods not otherwise provided for with the aid of centrifugal force
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G67/00—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only
    • C10G67/02—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only plural serial stages only

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a high-pressure hot separator for the separation of a top product from a process of high-pressure hydrogenation of coals, tars, mineral oils, their distillation and extraction products or similar carbon-containing feedstocks such as heavy oils, sulfur oils, extracts of heavy oil sands and the like.
  • Hot separators as they are known, for example, in systems for liquefying coal hydrogenation, consist of pressure-resistant containers which contain inserts cooled by coils in order to facilitate the separation of a liquid phase with a liquid level in the lower part of the container and to prevent that the separated, also solid, particles on the hot separator wall - or ash components containing ash, despite the high temperatures prevailing in the hot separator, coke poorly volatile substances.
  • the lower cooled insert is usually designed as a funnel through which the non-volatile components are removed. In practical operation it has been shown that despite the cooling of the lower insert Pipe coils frequently occur as a result of coking problems which cause the separator to run erratically and even to shutdowns (cf. "The catalytic pressure hydrogenation of coal, tars and mineral oils, Springer-Verlag, Berlin / Göttingen / Heidelberg, 1950, page 243 ff.).
  • hot separators for the application area mentioned at the outset for which a pressure range of up to about 1,000 bar, preferably 150-500 bar, are suitable, are built in a finally geometrically and constructively fixed container shape in accordance with the requirements for high and very high pressure requirements.
  • a cyclone separator (4) with an inlet pipe (2) for the tangential entry of a gas / vapor phase containing liquid constituents, a cylindrical section (4 a ) and a lower conical section (4 b), a shielding cone (19) arranged in the cylindrical or conical section in the region of the axis, an axially symmetrically arranged central tube (4 c) for removing the gas / vapor phase freed from liquid parts upwards, the central pipe (4 c) extends beyond the area of the inlet connection (2) into the cyclone separator and is connected upwards to the outlet connection of the gas / vapor phase from the high-pressure vessel.
  • DE 34 05 730 A1 is mentioned, in which a separator for flash evaporators of coal hydrogenation systems and a method is described in which the suspension from the pressure hydrogenation is expanded to low pressures in one or more stages before the suspension is fed to the separator.
  • the separator has a cyclonic structure.
  • a high-level separation function in processes and products of the type used or used in the high-pressure hot separator according to the invention is not specified with the prior art mentioned, but is unavoidable because the bottom phase hydrogenation, as a rule, for the production of products, the reformer application specifications achieve, a so-called gas phase hydrogenation is connected immediately after the residue phase to be separated in the hot separator has been removed.
  • An inadequate separation function would soon be noticeable in a pressure loss in the gas phase hydrogenation taking place at a fixed bed contact, in that unseparated liquid particles entrained in the gas / vapor phase and the solid residues and ash-forming constituents contained therein would precipitate on the fixed bed contact and block it .
  • the cyclone separator (4) installed according to the invention in the interior of the hot separator is a pure flow apparatus and does not have to be designed for high pressure.
  • the cyclone separator (4) can correspond to the present process conditions and requirements are calculated and optimally designed.
  • An expedient embodiment of the high-pressure hot separator is that the inlet connection of the cyclone separator is equipped with a washing device consisting of a washing nozzle and a feed line for washing liquid. This effectively prevents the formation of solid deposits in the area of the inlet connection of the cyclone separator.
  • the product inlet pipe for the top product from the bottom phase reactor is expediently designed such that it ends in the gas / steam chamber of the pressure vessel above the liquid level formed by the bottom product in the hot separator and is adapted to the shape of the cylindrical wall insert so that the wall insert is essentially tangential flow is directed obliquely downwards.
  • another expedient embodiment provides that the bottom product is drawn off from the conical part of the cyclone separator through a line connected to an expansion vessel connected downstream of the hot separator.
  • the conical part of the cyclone separator can also be closed at the bottom.
  • the main portion of the condensed bottom product is still discharged through the bottom outlet connection in the lower cover of the hot separator. Only the amount of liquid separated in the cyclone separator (4) is drawn off from the high-pressure vessel by means of a separate line, for example through the outlet connection for the gas / vapor phase.
  • the high-pressure hot separator is expediently equipped with a level control measurement.
  • This can be carried out as a differential pressure measurement, with hydrogen being bubbled in via two separate lines, the so-called zero line and a line reaching into the bottom of the conical part of the cyclone, and the differential pressure to be measured in the hydrogen supply lines due to the standing height is registered.
  • the hydrogen inlets for the level measurement and the line (20) for the discharge of sump product from the conical part of the cyclone separator are guided, for example, through the special lens seal on the outlet connection of the gas / vapor phase from the high-pressure vessel, as shown in detail in FIG. 4.
  • the vertical cylindrical wall insert (18) of the high-pressure hot separator merges according to an expedient design via the conical part into the sump drain connection (5) in the bottom of the pressure vessel.
  • the cylindrical wall insert will be part of a cooling circuit for the purpose of indirect cooling by means of lines for coolant supply and removal through the upper or also the lower cover of the pressure container, the wall insert being able to be constructed from fin tubes, as are known from steam boiler technology.
  • the wall insert can also consist of normal pipes with welded-in webs.
  • the present high pressure hot separator can be used in the case of particularly wear-intensive mineral constituents in the top product of the bottom phase hydrogenation, such as e.g. B. aluminum oxide from alumina, such as occur when using oils from tar sands in particularly wear-stressed zones or on the entire inner surface with wear armor, for example made of tungsten carbide or wear-resistant ceramic coatings.
  • particularly wear-intensive mineral constituents in the top product of the bottom phase hydrogenation such as e.g. B. aluminum oxide from alumina, such as occur when using oils from tar sands in particularly wear-stressed zones or on the entire inner surface with wear armor, for example made of tungsten carbide or wear-resistant ceramic coatings.
  • FIG. 1 An overall view of a high-pressure separator with installed cyclone separator in a longitudinal section can be seen in FIG. 1.
  • Figure 2 shows a section along the line A-A of Figure 1.
  • FIG. 3 shows an enlarged representation of a cross section through the cyclone separator, from which the position of the washing nozzle in the inlet nozzle in the cyclone separator can be seen.
  • FIG. 4 is a view of the outlet connection leading from the hot separator for the gas / vapor phase in longitudinal section and in greater detail.
  • the high-pressure hot separator consists of the cylindrical, vertical container casing (11) with flange attachment zones reinforced at the ends, with which the upper cover (12) and the lower cover (13) are firmly screwed. Inside the pressure vessel jacket (11) and the cover (12) and (13) is the
  • the non-load-bearing wall insert (18) adjoins the thermal insulation of the pressure vessel jacket (11) and is tapered at the lower end.
  • the conical wall insert (18 a) opens at the bottom into the sump drain connection (5).
  • the top product of the bottom phase hydrogenation from the bottom phase reactor enters the high-pressure vessel via the product inlet pipe (1) through the upper lid.
  • the gas / vapor phase which is freed from entrained liquid components in the high-pressure hot separator under the prevailing pressure and temperature conditions and also contains residues or ash-forming constituents and from liquid particles condensed under the pressure and temperature conditions in the high-pressure hot separator leaves the high-pressure Heat separator via the outlet connection (3), which also runs through the upper cover.
  • the product inlet pipe into the high-pressure vessel is designed in the area of its mouth so that the top product, which also contains liquid and residue components, flows in tangentially and downward from the bottom phase reactor into the pressure vessel jacket (11) at a short distance above the liquid level held by measuring and control devices.
  • the measuring and control devices are among others supplied with the necessary data by the temperature measuring probe (16) shown here and the level measuring probes (9).
  • the cyclone separator (4) is fastened in the gas / steam chamber of the high-pressure hot separator to the upper cover (12) in the center of the outlet connection of the gas / steam phase from the high-pressure vessel (3).
  • the cyclone separator (4) consists of the usual components, namely inlet connector (2), cylindrical part (4 a), conical part (4 b) and the central tube (4 c), which is attached to the upper end of the cylindrical part (4 a) is and has a connection to the outlet nozzle (3).
  • the central tube (4 c) in the cylindrical part of the cyclone is pulled down so far that its mouth protrudes beyond the inlet area of the inlet nozzle into the cyclone separator, as a result of which there is still a tear or short-circuit mixing between the inlet nozzle (2) Process stream containing liquid components and the "dried" process stream is avoided.
  • the feed pipe (7) for a suitable washing liquid for washing the inlet pipe (2) freely is passed through the outlet nozzle (3) via the washing nozzle (6).
  • the drain on the lower conical part (4 b) of the cyclone separator (4) is designed as an immersion tube (10) immersed in the liquid level of the high-pressure container.
  • FIG. 4 The outlet connection (3) and the measurement and product lines guided through it are shown in greater detail in FIG.
  • the reference symbols in FIG. 4 have the same meaning as in FIGS. 1 to 3.
  • the special lens seal (17) is shown in FIG. 4, through which the feed line (7) and the lines (15) for the level measurements are passed.
  • An outlet pipe (3), not shown here, for the bottom product from the cyclone separator can also be passed through the outlet connection (3), if this is designed closed at its lower conical end.
  • the immersion (10) is shielded from the vacuum prevailing in the cyclone axis.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Cyclones (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
  • Cell Separators (AREA)

Abstract

In this high-pressure hot separator for separation of a top product from a process for high-pressure hydrogenation of coals, tars, mineral oils, distillation and extraction products thereof or similar carbon-containing starting materials such as heavy oils, low-temperature oils, extracts of heavy oil sands and the like, which separator is provided downstream of the liquid phase reactors of the high pressure hydrogenation, the top product is separated into a gas/vapour phase and a bottom product. <??>To improve the separating action, a cyclone separator is installed in the gas/vapour space of the hot separator. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Hochdruckheißabscheider zur Auftrennung eines Kopfproduktes aus einem Verfahren der Hochdruckhydrierung von Kohlen, Teeren, Mineralölen, deren Destillations- und Extraktionsprodukten oder ähnlichen kohlenstoffhaltigen Einsatzprodukten wie Schwerölen, Schwelölen, Extrakten von Schwerölsanden u. dgl., der den Sumpfphasereaktoren der Hochdruckhydrierung nachgeschaltet ist, in eine Gas-/Dämpfephase und ein Sumpfprodukt, aufgebaut aus einem vertikal aufgestellten zylindrischen Druckbehältermantel (11) mit oberem Deckel (12) und unterem Deckel bzw. Boden (13), einer innen anliegenden Wärmedämmung (14), einem zylindrischen Wandeinsatz (18), der in einen unteren konisch zulaufenden Teil (18 a) übergeht, mit Produkteintrittsrohr (1) in den Druckbehälter, Austrittsstutzen (3) für die Gas-/Dämpfephase aus dem Druckbehälter, Sumpfablaufstutzen (5) und einem im Wandeinsatz (18), (18 a) vorgesehenen Kühlkreislauf für indirekte Kühlung.The invention relates to a high-pressure hot separator for the separation of a top product from a process of high-pressure hydrogenation of coals, tars, mineral oils, their distillation and extraction products or similar carbon-containing feedstocks such as heavy oils, sulfur oils, extracts of heavy oil sands and the like. Like., Which is downstream of the sump phase reactors of the high-pressure hydrogenation, in a gas / vapor phase and a sump product, built up from a vertically erected cylindrical pressure vessel jacket (11) with an upper cover (12) and a lower cover or bottom (13), one on the inside Thermal insulation (14), a cylindrical wall insert (18), which merges into a lower tapered part (18 a), with product inlet pipe (1) in the pressure vessel, outlet connection (3) for the gas / vapor phase from the pressure vessel, sump drain connector ( 5) and a cooling circuit for indirect cooling provided in the wall insert (18), (18 a).

Heißabscheider wie sie beispielsweise bei Anlagen zur verflüssigenden Kohlehydrierung bekannt sind, bestehen aus druckfesten Behältern, welche durch Rohrschlangen gekühlte Einsätze enthalten, um die Abscheidung einer Flüssigphase mit Flüssigstand im unteren Behälterteil zu erleichtern und zu verhindern, daß an der heißen Abscheiderwand die abgeschiedenen, auch Feststoff- oder Aschebestandteile enthaltenden, trotz der im Heißabscheider herrschenden hohen Temperaturen, schwer flüchtigen Stoffe verkoken. Der untere gekühlte Einsatz ist üblicherweise als Trichter ausgebildet, durch den die nicht flüchtigen Anteile abgeführt werden. Im praktischen Betrieb hat sich gezeigt, daß trotz der Kühlung des unteren Einsatzes durch Rohrschlangen häufig durch Verkokung Störungen auftreten, die unregelmäßigen Gang des Abscheiders und sogar Betriebsunterbrechungen herbeiführten (vgl. "Die katalytische Druckhydrierung von Kohlen, Teeren und Mineralölen, Springer-Verlag, Berlin/Göttingen/Heidelberg, 1950, Seite 243 ff.).Hot separators as they are known, for example, in systems for liquefying coal hydrogenation, consist of pressure-resistant containers which contain inserts cooled by coils in order to facilitate the separation of a liquid phase with a liquid level in the lower part of the container and to prevent that the separated, also solid, particles on the hot separator wall - or ash components containing ash, despite the high temperatures prevailing in the hot separator, coke poorly volatile substances. The lower cooled insert is usually designed as a funnel through which the non-volatile components are removed. In practical operation it has been shown that despite the cooling of the lower insert Pipe coils frequently occur as a result of coking problems which cause the separator to run erratically and even to shutdowns (cf. "The catalytic pressure hydrogenation of coal, tars and mineral oils, Springer-Verlag, Berlin / Göttingen / Heidelberg, 1950, page 243 ff.).

Üblicherweise werden Heißabscheider für den eingangs genannten Einsatzbereich, wofür insbesondere ein Druckbereich bis zu etwa 1 000 bar, vorzugsweise 150-500 bar in Betracht kommt, in endgültig geometrisch und konstruktiv fixierter Behälterform entsprechend den Erfordernissen für Hoch- und Höchstdruckanforderungen gebaut.Typically, hot separators for the application area mentioned at the outset, for which a pressure range of up to about 1,000 bar, preferably 150-500 bar, are suitable, are built in a finally geometrically and constructively fixed container shape in accordance with the requirements for high and very high pressure requirements.

Bei gravierenden prozeßseitigen Massenstromänderungen, wie sie beispielsweise bei dem Einsatz anderer Einsatzprodukte als für die Hochdruckhydrierung geeigneter Kohlesorten oder Schweröle auftreten, beispielsweise bei der Hydrierung von Extrakten aus Schwerölsanden oder Teersanden, die sich u.a. durch erhebliche Gehalte an Aluminiumoxid aus Tonerden auszeichnen und die als aschebildende Bestandteile in das Kopfprodukt der Sumpfphasehydrierung und damit in den Heißabscheider übergehen, kann sich bei einer fixierten Behälterform, die wegen der Auslegung auf Höchstdrücke sehr teure Apparate darstellen, der Abscheidegrad erheblich verschlechtern. Bei solchen Hochdruckbehältern würden geometrische und konstruktive Änderungen zur Anpassung an veränderte Einsatzprodukte und veränderte Betriebsverhältnisse und zur Optimierung des Abscheidegrades zu zusätzlichen Kosten führen.In the case of serious changes in the mass flow on the process side, such as occur, for example, when using feedstocks other than coal or heavy oils suitable for high-pressure hydrogenation, for example when hydrogenating extracts from heavy oil sands or tar sands, which, among other things, Characterized by considerable amounts of aluminum oxide from alumina and the ash-forming components in the top product of the bottom phase hydrogenation and thus in the hot separator, the degree of separation can deteriorate significantly with a fixed container shape, which is very expensive equipment due to the design for maximum pressures. In the case of such high-pressure containers, geometrical and design changes to adapt to changed insert products and changed operating conditions and to optimize the degree of separation would lead to additional costs.

Aus diesen Gegebenheiten folgt die Aufgabe, einen Heißabscheider, der in seiner Geometrie im Wesentlichen durch die Anforderung festgelegt ist, die aus dem Einsatz im Hochdruckund Höchstdruckbereich folgen, mit einer mit vergleichsweise geringem Aufwand optimierbaren Abscheidefunktion auszustatten.From these circumstances follows the task of a hot separator, whose geometry is essentially determined by the requirements arising from use in high pressure and Follow the maximum pressure range with a separation function that can be optimized with comparatively little effort.

Die Aufgabe, die Abscheidefähigkeit der bekannten Heißabscheiderkonstruktionen zu verbessern wird auch daran deutlich, daß in einem Verfahren zur Herstellung von Flüssigkraftstoffen durch katalytische Druckhydrierung in einer Sumpfphasenhydrierung schwerer Öle oder Ölrückstände und einer direkt angekoppelten Gasphasenhydrierung mindestens zwei hintereinandergeschaltete Heißabscheider eingesetzt worden sind (vgl. DE-PS 933 826).The task of improving the separability of the known hot separator designs is also clear from the fact that in a process for the production of liquid fuels by catalytic pressure hydrogenation in a sump phase hydrogenation of heavy oils or oil residues and a directly coupled gas phase hydrogenation, at least two heat separators connected in series have been used (cf. DE- PS 933 826).

Diese Aufgaben werden mit der Erfindung gelöst, die darin besteht, daß im Gas-/Dämpferaum des Heißabscheiders ein zyklonabscheider (4) mit Eintrittsrohr (2) für den tangentialen Eintritt einer Flüssigkeitsbestandteile mit Feststoffgehalt enthaltenden Gas-/Dämpfephase, einem zylindrischen Abschnitt (4 a) sowie einem unteren konischen Abschnitt (4 b), einem in dem zylindrischen oder dem konischen Abschnitt im Bereich der Achse angeordnetem Abschirmkegel (19), einem axialsymetrisch angeordneten Zentralrohr (4 c) zur Abführung der von Flüssigkeitsteilen befreiten Gas-/Dämpfephase nach oben, wobei das Zentralrohr (4 c) über den Bereich des Eintrittsstutzens (2) in den zyklonabscheider nach unten hinausreicht und nach oben mit dem Austrittsstutzen der Gas-/Dämpfephase aus dem Hochdruckgefäß in Verbindung steht, installiert ist.These objects are achieved with the invention, which consists in the fact that in the gas / steam chamber of the heat separator, a cyclone separator (4) with an inlet pipe (2) for the tangential entry of a gas / vapor phase containing liquid constituents, a cylindrical section (4 a ) and a lower conical section (4 b), a shielding cone (19) arranged in the cylindrical or conical section in the region of the axis, an axially symmetrically arranged central tube (4 c) for removing the gas / vapor phase freed from liquid parts upwards, the central pipe (4 c) extends beyond the area of the inlet connection (2) into the cyclone separator and is connected upwards to the outlet connection of the gas / vapor phase from the high-pressure vessel.

Zum Stand der Technik wird eine Patentveröffentlichung genannt, in welcher bei Vorliegen mehrerer Reaktorstufen als zweckmäßig angegeben wird, am Kopf jedes Reaktors einen inneren Zyklon zum zurückhalten größerer Katalysatorteilchen vorzusehen. Die weitere Abtrennung der Katalysatorteilchen soll zweckmäßigerweise unter Verfahrensdruck mittels eines Zyklons erfolgen, welcher innerhalb des dem Hydrierreaktor nachgeschalteten Heißabscheiders angeordnet ist (vgl. DE 26 46 605 C 2).The prior art mentions a patent publication in which, in the presence of a plurality of reactor stages, it is stated to be expedient to provide an inner cyclone at the head of each reactor in order to retain larger catalyst particles. The further separation of the catalyst particles should expediently take place under process pressure by means of a cyclone which is arranged within the hot separator downstream of the hydrogenation reactor (cf. DE 26 46 605 C 2).

Ferner wird genannt die DE 34 05 730 A 1, in welcher ein Abscheider für Entspannungsverdampfer von Kohlehydrieranlagen sowie ein Verfahren beschrieben ist, in welchem die Suspension aus der Druckhydrierung ein- oder mehrstufig auf geringe Drucke entspannt wird, bevor die Suspension dem Abscheider zugeführt wird. Der Abscheider weist einen zyklonartigen Aufbau auf.Furthermore, DE 34 05 730 A1 is mentioned, in which a separator for flash evaporators of coal hydrogenation systems and a method is described in which the suspension from the pressure hydrogenation is expanded to low pressures in one or more stages before the suspension is fed to the separator. The separator has a cyclonic structure.

Eine hochgradige Abscheidefunktion bei Verfahren und Einsatzprodukten der Art wie sie bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Hochdruckheißabscheider zur Anwendung bzw. zum Einsatz kommen,ist mit dem genannten Stand der Technik nicht vorgegeben, aber deshalb unumgänglich, weil der Sumpfphasenhydrierung in aller Regel zur Gewinnung von Produkten, die Reformereinsatzspezifikationen erreichen, eine sogenannte Gasphasenhydrierung unmittelbar nachgeschaltet wird, nachdem die im Heißabscheider abzutrennende Rückstandsphase ausgeschleust ist. Eine nicht ausreichende Abscheidefunktion würde sich alsbald in einem Druckverlust in der an einem Festbettkontakt ablaufenden Gasphasenhydrierung bemerkbar machen, indem sich in der Gas-/Dämpfephase mitgerissene nicht abgeschiedene Flüssigkeitspartikel und die in diesen enthaltenen festen Rückstände und aschebildenden Bestandteile auf dem Festbettkontakt niederschlagen und diesen blockieren würden.A high-level separation function in processes and products of the type used or used in the high-pressure hot separator according to the invention is not specified with the prior art mentioned, but is unavoidable because the bottom phase hydrogenation, as a rule, for the production of products, the reformer application specifications achieve, a so-called gas phase hydrogenation is connected immediately after the residue phase to be separated in the hot separator has been removed. An inadequate separation function would soon be noticeable in a pressure loss in the gas phase hydrogenation taking place at a fixed bed contact, in that unseparated liquid particles entrained in the gas / vapor phase and the solid residues and ash-forming constituents contained therein would precipitate on the fixed bed contact and block it .

Der im Innenraum des Heißabscheiders erfindungsgemäß installierte zyklonabscheider (4) ist ein reiner Strömungsapparat und muß nicht für hohen Druck ausgelegt werden. Der Zyklonabscheider (4) kann entsprechend den vorliegenden prozeßbedingungen und Anforderungen berechnet und optimal ausgelegt werden.The cyclone separator (4) installed according to the invention in the interior of the hot separator is a pure flow apparatus and does not have to be designed for high pressure. The cyclone separator (4) can correspond to the present process conditions and requirements are calculated and optimally designed.

Eine zweckmäßige Ausgestaltung des Hochdruckheißabscheiders besteht darin, daß der Eintrittsstutzen des Zyklonabscheiders mit einer aus einer Waschdüse und Zuleitung für Waschflüssigkeit bestehenden wascheinrichtung ausgestattet ist. Hierdurch kann die Bildung von Feststoffablagerungen im Bereich des Eintrittsstutzens des Zyklonabscheiders wirksam verhindert werden.An expedient embodiment of the high-pressure hot separator is that the inlet connection of the cyclone separator is equipped with a washing device consisting of a washing nozzle and a feed line for washing liquid. This effectively prevents the formation of solid deposits in the area of the inlet connection of the cyclone separator.

Das produkteintrittsrohr für das Kopfprodukt aus dem Sumpfphasereaktor wird zweckmäßig so ausgebildet, daß es in dem Gas-/Dämpferaum des Druckbehälters oberhalb des vom Sumpfprodukt gebildeten Flüssigkeitsstandes in dem Heißabscheider endet und so an die Form des zylindrischen Wandeinsatzes angepaßt wird, daß der Wandeinsatz im Wesentlichen tangential schräg nach unten gerichtet angeströmt wird.The product inlet pipe for the top product from the bottom phase reactor is expediently designed such that it ends in the gas / steam chamber of the pressure vessel above the liquid level formed by the bottom product in the hot separator and is adapted to the shape of the cylindrical wall insert so that the wall insert is essentially tangential flow is directed obliquely downwards.

Es kann zweckmäßig sein, den Ablauf des Sumpfproduktes aus dem Zyklonabscheider mittels eines Ablaufrohres unter den Flüssigkeitsspiegel in dem Heißabscheider abzutauchen. Bei der eigentlichen Auslegung ist u. a. zu beachten, daß in jedem Zyklon in der Achse ein hoher Unterdruck herrscht. Dieser ist bei großer Dichte im Hochdruck-Heißabscheider dem höheren Druck entsprechend viel größer als man von normalen Anwendungen gewohnt ist. Nach durchgeführten Rechnungen würde der Zyklon von unten her vollaufen. Der Vermeidung dieser Schwierigkeit dient der in dem zylindrischen Teil im Bereich der Achse vorgesehene Abschirmkegel. Durch geeignete Dimensionierung des Ablaufrohres kann verhindert werden, daß das Rohr durch Feststoffablagerungen verstopft werden kann.It may be expedient to submerge the bottom product from the cyclone separator under the liquid level in the hot separator by means of a drain pipe. During the actual design, it should be noted, among other things, that there is a high vacuum in the axis of each cyclone. With a high density in the high-pressure hot separator, the higher pressure means that it is much greater than is usual in normal applications. According to the calculations, the cyclone would fill up from below. The shielding cone provided in the cylindrical part in the region of the axis serves to avoid this difficulty. Appropriate dimensioning of the drain pipe can prevent the pipe from being blocked by solid deposits.

Aus den genannten Gründen sieht eine andere zweckmäßige Ausführung vor, daß das Sumpfprodukt aus dem konischen Teil des Zyklonabscheiders durch eine mit einem dem Heißabscheider nachgeschalteten Entspannungsgefäß verbundene Leitung abgezogen wird.For the reasons mentioned, another expedient embodiment provides that the bottom product is drawn off from the conical part of the cyclone separator through a line connected to an expansion vessel connected downstream of the hot separator.

Bei der vorgenannten Ausgestaltung kann der konische Teil des Zyklonabscheiders aber auch nach unten abgeschlossen ausgeführt werden. Hierbei wird der Hauptanteil des kondensierten Sumpfproduktes nach wie vor über den Sumpfablaufstutzen in dem unteren Deckel des Heißabscheiders abgeführt. Lediglich die in dem Zyklonabscheider (4) abgeschiedene Flüssigkeitsmenge wird mittels einer gesonderten beispielsweise durch den Austrittsstutzen für die Gas-/Dämpfephase geführten Leitung aus dem Hochdruckgefäß abgezogen.In the above configuration, the conical part of the cyclone separator can also be closed at the bottom. The main portion of the condensed bottom product is still discharged through the bottom outlet connection in the lower cover of the hot separator. Only the amount of liquid separated in the cyclone separator (4) is drawn off from the high-pressure vessel by means of a separate line, for example through the outlet connection for the gas / vapor phase.

Der Hochdruck-Heißabscheider ist aus den angeführten Gründen zweckmäßig mit einer Standkontrollmessung ausgerüstet. Diese kann als Differenzdruckmessung ausgeführt sein, wobei Wasserstoff über zwei separate Leitungen, die sogenannte Null-Leitung und eine in den Boden des konischen Teils des Zyklons reichende Leitung eingeperlt wird und der aufgrund der Standhöhe in den Wasserstoffzuleitungen zu messende Differenzdruck registriert wird.For the reasons stated, the high-pressure hot separator is expediently equipped with a level control measurement. This can be carried out as a differential pressure measurement, with hydrogen being bubbled in via two separate lines, the so-called zero line and a line reaching into the bottom of the conical part of the cyclone, and the differential pressure to be measured in the hydrogen supply lines due to the standing height is registered.

Die Wasserstoffeinleitungen für die Standmessung sowie die Leitung (20) für die Ableitung von Sumpfprodukt aus dem konischen Teil des Zyklonabscheiders werden beispielsweise durch die Sonderlinsendichtung an dem Austrittsstutzen der Gas-/Dämpfephase aus dem Hochdruckgefäß geführt, wie das als Einzelheit in Figur 4 dargestellt ist.The hydrogen inlets for the level measurement and the line (20) for the discharge of sump product from the conical part of the cyclone separator are guided, for example, through the special lens seal on the outlet connection of the gas / vapor phase from the high-pressure vessel, as shown in detail in FIG. 4.

Durch direkte Einleitung (8) wasserstoffhaltiger Gase in den Flüssigkeitsstand des Sumpfproduktes im unteren konischen Abscheiderteil (18 a) wird einer Wasserstoffverarmung, die zu zusätzlicher Koksbildung und -ablagerung führen kann, entgegengewirkt.Direct introduction (8) of hydrogen-containing gases into the liquid level of the bottom product in the lower conical separator part (18 a) counteracts hydrogen depletion, which can lead to additional coke formation and deposition.

Der vertikale zylindrische Wandeinsatz (18) des HochdruckHeißabscheiders geht entsprechend einer zweckmäßigen Ausgestaltung über den konischen Teil in den Sumpfablaufstutzen (5) im Boden des Druckbehälters über.The vertical cylindrical wall insert (18) of the high-pressure hot separator merges according to an expedient design via the conical part into the sump drain connection (5) in the bottom of the pressure vessel.

Der zylindrische Wandeinsatz wird zwecks indirekter Kühlung mittels durch den oberen oder auch den unteren Deckel des Druckbehälters geführter Leitungen für Kühlmittelzu- und -abfuhr Bestandteil eines Kühlkreislaufes sein, wobei der Wandeinsatz aus Flossenrohren, wie sie aus der Dampfkesseltechnik bekannt sind, aufgebaut sein kann. Der wandeinsatz kann aber auch aus normalen Rohren mit zwischengeschweißten Stegen bestehen.The cylindrical wall insert will be part of a cooling circuit for the purpose of indirect cooling by means of lines for coolant supply and removal through the upper or also the lower cover of the pressure container, the wall insert being able to be constructed from fin tubes, as are known from steam boiler technology. The wall insert can also consist of normal pipes with welded-in webs.

Durch die tangentiale Anströmung mit dem Kopfprodukt der Sumpfphasenhydrierung an die Behälterwand wird eine gewisse Vorabscheidung erreicht und die Funktionsweise des Heißabscheiders als Schwerkraftabscheider dadurch verbessert, daß der Flüssigkeitsstand in dem Heißabscheider nicht durch aus einer gewissen Höhe herabfallende kondensierte Flüssigkeitsanteile unnötig wieder aufgewirbelt wird.Due to the tangential flow with the top product of the sump phase hydrogenation to the container wall, a certain pre-separation is achieved and the functioning of the hot separator as a gravity separator is improved in that the liquid level in the hot separator is not unnecessarily swirled up again by condensed liquid components falling from a certain height.

Der vorliegende Hochdruck-Heißabscheider kann in Fällen von besonders verschleißintensiven mineralischen Bestandteilen in dem Kopfprodukt der Sumpfphasehydrierung, wie z. B. Aluminiumoxid aus Tonerden, wie sie beim Einsatz von Ölen aus Teersanden auftreten an besonders verschleißbeanspruchten Zonen oder an der gesamten Innenfläche mit einer Verschleißpanzerung, beispielsweise aus Wolframkarbid oder verschleißresistenten Keramikbeschichtungen, ausgestattet sein.The present high pressure hot separator can be used in the case of particularly wear-intensive mineral constituents in the top product of the bottom phase hydrogenation, such as e.g. B. aluminum oxide from alumina, such as occur when using oils from tar sands in particularly wear-stressed zones or on the entire inner surface with wear armor, for example made of tungsten carbide or wear-resistant ceramic coatings.

Eine Gesamtansicht eines Hochdruckabscheiders mit installiertem Zyklonabscheider in einem Längsschnitt ist Figur 1 zu entnehmen.An overall view of a high-pressure separator with installed cyclone separator in a longitudinal section can be seen in FIG. 1.

Figur 2 stellt einen Schnitt längs der Linie A-A von Figur 1 dar.Figure 2 shows a section along the line A-A of Figure 1.

Figur 3 zeigt in einer vergrößerten Darstellung einen Querschnitt durch den Zyklonabscheider, aus welchem die Position der Waschdüse in dem Eintrittsstutzen in den Zyklonabscheider zu ersehen ist.FIG. 3 shows an enlarged representation of a cross section through the cyclone separator, from which the position of the washing nozzle in the inlet nozzle in the cyclone separator can be seen.

Figur 4 ist eine Ansicht des aus dem Heißabscheider führenden Austrittsstutzens für die Gas-/Dämpfephase im Längsschnitt und in größerem Detail.FIG. 4 is a view of the outlet connection leading from the hot separator for the gas / vapor phase in longitudinal section and in greater detail.

Die in den Figuren der Zeichnung angebrachten Bezugszeichen haben die folgende Bedeutung:

  • 1 Produkteintrittsrohr in das Hochdruckgefäß
  • 2 Eintrittsstutzen in den Zyklonabscheider
  • 3 Austrittsstutzen der Gas-/Dämpfephase aus dem Hochdruckgefäß
  • 4 Zyklonabscheider
  • 4 a Zylindrischer Teil des Zyklonabscheiders
  • 4 b Oberes Zentralrohr zur Abführung der Gas-/Dämpfephase aus dem Zyklonabscheider
  • 5 Sumpfablaufstutzen
  • 6 Waschdüse
  • 7 Zuleitung Waschflüssigkeit
  • 8 Einleitung für wasserstoffhaltiges Gas
  • 9 Standmeßsonden
  • 10 Abgetauchtes Ablaufrohr aus dem Zyklonabscheider
  • 11 Behältermantel
  • 12 Oberer Deckel
  • 13 Unterer Deckel
  • 14 Wärmedämmung
  • 15 Standmeßsonde
  • 16 Temperaturmeßsonde
  • 17 Sonderlinsendichtung
  • 18 Zylindrischer Wandeinsatz mit konischem unteren Teil 18 a
  • 19 Abschirmkegel
  • 20 Abzugsrohr für Sumpfprodukt aus dem Zyklonabscheider

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung wird nachfolgend anhand der Figuren 1 bis 4 der Zeichnung weiter erläutert, ohne daß die Erfindung auf diese spezielle Ausführungsform beschränkt sein soll.The reference symbols applied in the figures of the drawing have the following meaning:
  • 1 product inlet pipe into the high pressure vessel
  • 2 inlet ports in the cyclone separator
  • 3 outlet connection of the gas / vapor phase from the high pressure vessel
  • 4 cyclone separators
  • 4 a Cylindrical part of the cyclone separator
  • 4 b Upper central pipe for removing the gas / vapor phase from the cyclone separator
  • 5 sump outlet sockets
  • 6 washing nozzle
  • 7 Washer fluid supply
  • 8 Introduction for hydrogen-containing gas
  • 9 level probes
  • 10 Submerged drain pipe from the cyclone separator
  • 11 container jacket
  • 12 Top cover
  • 13 Lower cover
  • 14 thermal insulation
  • 15 level probe
  • 16 temperature probe
  • 17 Special lens seal
  • 18 cylindrical wall insert with conical lower part 18 a
  • 19 shielding cone
  • 20 Exhaust pipe for bottom product from the cyclone separator

An embodiment of a device according to the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4 of the drawing, without the invention being restricted to this special embodiment.

Der Hochdruck-Heißabscheider besteht aus dem zylindrischen vertikal aufgestellten Behältermantel (11) mit an den Enden verstärkten Flanschansatzzonen, mit denen der obere Deckel (12) und der untere Deckel (13) fest verschraubt sind. Innerhalb des Druckbehältermantels (11) und der Deckel (12) und (13) ist dieThe high-pressure hot separator consists of the cylindrical, vertical container casing (11) with flange attachment zones reinforced at the ends, with which the upper cover (12) and the lower cover (13) are firmly screwed. Inside the pressure vessel jacket (11) and the cover (12) and (13) is the

Wärmedämmung (14) vorgesehen. An die Wärmedämmung des Druckbehältermantels (11) schließt sich der nicht tragende Wandeinsatz (18) an, der am unteren Ende konisch eingezogen ist. Der konisch eingezogene Wandeinsatz (18 a) mündet am unteren Ende in den Sumpfablaufstutzen (5). Das Kopfprodukt der Sumpfphasehydrierung aus dem Sumpfphasereaktor tritt über das Produkteintrittsrohr (1) durch den oberen Deckel in das Hochdruckgefäß ein. Die unter den herrschenden Druck- und Temperaturbedingungen in dem Hochdruck-Heißabscheider von mitgerissenen Flüssigkeitsbestandteilen, die auch Rückstands- oder aschebildende Bestandteile eingeschlossen enthalten sowie von unter den Druck- und Temperaturbedingungen in dem Hochdruck-Heißabscheider kondensierten Flüssigkeitspartikeln befreite Gas-/Dämpfephase verläßt den Hochdruck-Heißabscheider über den ebenfalls durch den oberen Deckel geführten Austrittsstutzen (3). Das Produkteintrittsrohr in das Hochdruckgefäß ist im Bereich seiner Mündung so ausgebildet, daß das auch Flüssigkeits- und Rückstandsbestandteile enthaltende Kopfprodukt aus dem Sumpfphasereaktor den Druckbehältermantel (11) tangential und nach unten gerichtet in einem geringen Abstand über dem durch Meß- und Regeleinrichtungen gehaltenen Flüssigkeitsstand einströmt. Die Meß- und Regeleinrichtungen werden u.a. durch die hier gezeigte Temperaturmeßsonde (16), sowie die Standmeßsonden (9) mit den notwendigen Daten versorgt.Thermal insulation (14) provided. The non-load-bearing wall insert (18) adjoins the thermal insulation of the pressure vessel jacket (11) and is tapered at the lower end. The conical wall insert (18 a) opens at the bottom into the sump drain connection (5). The top product of the bottom phase hydrogenation from the bottom phase reactor enters the high-pressure vessel via the product inlet pipe (1) through the upper lid. The gas / vapor phase which is freed from entrained liquid components in the high-pressure hot separator under the prevailing pressure and temperature conditions and also contains residues or ash-forming constituents and from liquid particles condensed under the pressure and temperature conditions in the high-pressure hot separator leaves the high-pressure Heat separator via the outlet connection (3), which also runs through the upper cover. The product inlet pipe into the high-pressure vessel is designed in the area of its mouth so that the top product, which also contains liquid and residue components, flows in tangentially and downward from the bottom phase reactor into the pressure vessel jacket (11) at a short distance above the liquid level held by measuring and control devices. The measuring and control devices are among others supplied with the necessary data by the temperature measuring probe (16) shown here and the level measuring probes (9).

Der Zyklonabscheider (4) ist in dem Gas-/Dämpferaum des Hochdruck-Heißabscheiders an dem oberen Deckel (12) mittig zu dem Austrittsstutzen der Gas-/Dämpfephase aus dem Hochdruckgefäß (3) befestigt. Der Zyklonabscheider (4) besteht aus den üblichen Bauteilen, nämlich Eintrittsstutzen (2), zylindrischem Teil (4 a), konischem Teil (4 b) sowie dem Zentralrohr (4 c), das am oberen Ende des zylindrischen Teils (4 a) befestigt ist und eine Verbindung zu dem Austrittsstutzen (3) hat. Das zentralrohr (4 c) ist in dem zylindrischen Teil des Zyklons soweit nach unten gezogen, daß es mit seiner Mündung über den Eintrittsbereich des Eintrittsstutzens in den Zyklonabscheider hinausragt, wodurch ein Überriß oder eine kurzschlüssige Vermischung zwischen dem über den Eintrittsstutzen (2) eintretenden noch Flüssigkeitsbestandteile enthaltenden Prozeßstrom und dem "getrockneten" Prozeßstrom vermieden wird. Durch den Austrittsstutzen (3) ist die Zuleitung (7) für eine geeignete Waschflüssigkeit zum Freiwaschen des Eintrittsstutzens (2) über die Waschdüse (6) geführt. Der Ablauf am unteren konischen Teil (4 b) des Zyklonabscheiders (4) ist als in den Flüssigkeitsstand des Hochdruckbehälters abgetauchtes Tauchrohr (10) ausgeführt.The cyclone separator (4) is fastened in the gas / steam chamber of the high-pressure hot separator to the upper cover (12) in the center of the outlet connection of the gas / steam phase from the high-pressure vessel (3). The cyclone separator (4) consists of the usual components, namely inlet connector (2), cylindrical part (4 a), conical part (4 b) and the central tube (4 c), which is attached to the upper end of the cylindrical part (4 a) is and has a connection to the outlet nozzle (3). The central tube (4 c) in the cylindrical part of the cyclone is pulled down so far that its mouth protrudes beyond the inlet area of the inlet nozzle into the cyclone separator, as a result of which there is still a tear or short-circuit mixing between the inlet nozzle (2) Process stream containing liquid components and the "dried" process stream is avoided. The feed pipe (7) for a suitable washing liquid for washing the inlet pipe (2) freely is passed through the outlet nozzle (3) via the washing nozzle (6). The drain on the lower conical part (4 b) of the cyclone separator (4) is designed as an immersion tube (10) immersed in the liquid level of the high-pressure container.

Der Austrittsstutzen (3) und die durch ihn geführten Meß- und Produktleitungen sind im größeren Detail in der Figur 4 dargestellt. Die Bezugszeichen in Figur 4 haben die gleiche Bedeutung wie in den Figuren 1 bis 3. Zusätzlich ist in 4 die Sonderlinsendichtung (17) dargestellt, durch welche die Zuleitung (7) sowie die Leitungen (15) für die Standmessungen geführt sind. Durch den Austrittsstutzen (3) kann auch noch ein hier nicht gezeigtes Abzugsrohr für Sumpfprodukt aus dem Zyklonabscheider, wenn dieser an seinem unteren konischen Ende verschlossen ausgeführt ist, geführt werden.The outlet connection (3) and the measurement and product lines guided through it are shown in greater detail in FIG. The reference symbols in FIG. 4 have the same meaning as in FIGS. 1 to 3. In addition, the special lens seal (17) is shown in FIG. 4, through which the feed line (7) and the lines (15) for the level measurements are passed. An outlet pipe (3), not shown here, for the bottom product from the cyclone separator can also be passed through the outlet connection (3), if this is designed closed at its lower conical end.

Durch die axial symetrisch angebrachte Installation des Kegels (19) im konischen Teil des Zyklons wird die Abtauchung (10) von dem in der Zyklonachse herrschenden Vakuum abgeschirmt.Due to the axially symmetrical installation of the cone (19) in the conical part of the cyclone, the immersion (10) is shielded from the vacuum prevailing in the cyclone axis.

Claims (11)

Hochdruckheißabscheider zur Auftrennung eines Kopfproduktes aus einem Verfahren der Hochdruckhydrierung von Kohlen, Teeren, Mineralölen, deren Destillations- und Extraktionsprodukten oder ähnlichen kohlenstoffhaltigen Einsatzprodukten wie Schwerölen, Schwelölen, Extrakten von Schwerölsanden u. dgl., der den Sumpfphasereaktoren der Hochdruckhydrierung nachgeschaltet ist, in eine Gas-/Dämpfephase und ein Sumpfprodukt, aufgebaut aus einem vertikal aufgestellten zylindrischen Druckbehältermantel (11) mit oberem Deckel (12) und unterem Deckel bzw. Boden (13), einer innen anliegenden Wärmedämmung (14), einem zylindrischen Wandeinsatz (18), der in einen unteren konisch zulaufenden Teil (18 a) übergeht, mit Produkteintrittsrohr (1) in den Druckbehälter, Austrittsstutzen (3) für die Gas-/Dämpfephase aus dem Druckbehälter, Sumpfablaufstutzen (5) und einem im Wandeinsatz (18), (18 a) vorgesehenen Kühlkreislauf für indirekte Kühlung, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß im Gas-/Dämpferaum des Heißabscheiders ein Zyklonabscheider (4) mit Eintrittsrohr (2) für den tangentialen Eintritt einer Flüssigkeitsbestandteile mit Feststoffgehalt enthaltenden Gas-/Dämpfephase, einem zylindrischen Abschnitt (4 a) sowie einem unteren konischen Abschnitt (4 c), einem in dem zylindrischen oder dem konischen Abschnitt im Bereich der Achse angeordnetem Abschirmkegel (19), einem axialsymetrisch angeordneten Zentralrohr (4 c) zur Abführung der von Flüssigkeitsteilen befreiten Gas-/Dämpfephase nach oben, wobei das Zentralrohr (4 c) über den Bereich des Eintrittsstutzens (2) in den Zyklonabscheider nach unten hinausreicht und nach oben mit dem Austrittsstutzen der Gas-/Dämpfephase aus dem Hochdruckgefäß in Verbindung steht, installiert ist.High-pressure hot separator for the separation of a top product from a process of high-pressure hydrogenation of coals, tars, mineral oils, their distillation and extraction products or similar carbon-containing feed products such as heavy oils, sulfur oils, extracts of heavy oil sands and the like. Like., Which is downstream of the sump phase reactors of the high-pressure hydrogenation, in a gas / vapor phase and a sump product, built up from a vertically erected cylindrical pressure vessel jacket (11) with an upper cover (12) and a lower cover or bottom (13), one on the inside Thermal insulation (14), a cylindrical wall insert (18), which merges into a lower tapered part (18 a), with product inlet pipe (1) in the pressure vessel, outlet connection (3) for the gas / vapor phase from the pressure vessel, sump drain connector ( 5) and a cooling circuit for indirect cooling provided in the wall insert (18), (18 a), characterized in that a cyclone separator (4) with an inlet pipe (2) for the tangential entry of a liquid containing solids content in the gas / steam chamber of the hot separator Gas / vapor phase, a cylindrical section (4 a) and a lower conical section (4 c), one in the cylindrical or the conical section in the region of the axis arranged shielding cone (19), an axially symmetrically arranged central tube (4 c) for the removal of the liquid parts Gas / vapor phase upwards, whereby the central pipe (4 c) extends down over the area of the inlet connection (2) into the cyclone separator and is connected upwards with the outlet connection of the gas / vapor phase from the high pressure vessel. Hochdruckheißabscheider nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Eintrittsstutzen (2) des Zyklonabscheiders (4) mit einer aus einer Waschdüse (6) und Zuleitung (7) für waschflüssigkeit bestehenden Wascheinrichtung ausgestattet ist.High-pressure hot separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the inlet connection (2) of the cyclone separator (4) is equipped with a washing device consisting of a washing nozzle (6) and feed line (7) for washing liquid. Hochdruckheißabscheider nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Produkteintrittsrohr (1) in den Gas-/Dämpferaum des Druckbehälters oberhalb des vom Sumpfprodukt gebildeten Flüssigkeitsstandes endet und so ausgebildet ist, daß der zylindrische Wandeinsatz (18) im wesentlichen tangential und schräg nach unten gerichtet angeströmt wird.High-pressure hot separator according to Claim 1, characterized in that the product inlet pipe (1) ends in the gas / steam chamber of the pressure vessel above the liquid level formed by the sump product and is designed such that the cylindrical wall insert (18) flows essentially tangentially and obliquely downwards becomes. Hochdruckheißabscheider nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Ablauf des Sumpfproduktes aus dem konischen Teil (4 b) des Zyklonabscheiders (4) mittels eines Ablaufrohres (10) unter den Flüssigkeitsspiegel in dem Heißabscheider abgetaucht ist.High-pressure hot separator according to Claim 1, characterized in that the discharge of the bottom product from the conical part (4 b) of the cyclone separator (4) is submerged below the liquid level in the hot separator by means of a discharge pipe (10). Hochdruckheißabscheider nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Sumpfprodukt durch eine mit einem dem Heißabscheider nachgeschalteten Entspannungsgefäß verbundene Leitung (20) aus dem konischen Teil (4 b) des Zyklonabscheiders (4), abgezogen werden kann.High-pressure hot separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom product through an expansion vessel downstream of the hot separator connected line (20) from the conical part (4 b) of the cyclone separator (4), can be withdrawn. Hochdruckheißabscheider nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der konische Teil (4 b) des Zyklonabscheiders (4) nach unten abgeschlossen ist.High-pressure hot separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the conical part (4 b) of the cyclone separator (4) is closed at the bottom. Hochdruckheißabscheider nach Anspruch 1, dadurch-gekennzeichnet, daß der Zyklonabscheider (4) mit einer Standkontrollmessung (15) ausgestattet ist.High-pressure hot separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the cyclone separator (4) is equipped with a level control measurement (15). Hochdruckheißabscheider nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß im unteren konischen Abscheiderteil (18 a) eine direkte Einleitung (8) wasserstoffhaltiger Gase in den Flüssigkeitsstand des sumpfproduktes vorgesehen ist.High-pressure hot separator according to Claim 1, characterized in that a direct introduction (8) of hydrogen-containing gases into the liquid level of the bottom product is provided in the lower conical separator part (18 a). Hochdruckheißabscheider nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Druckbehältermantel (11) durch eine obere und untere Flanschansatzzone verstärkt ist.High-pressure hot separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressure vessel jacket (11) is reinforced by an upper and lower flange attachment zone. Hochdruckheißabscheider nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der konische Blechelement Wandeinsatz (18 a) in den Sumpfablaufstutzen (5) mündet.High-pressure hot separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the conical sheet metal element wall insert (18 a) opens into the sump drain connection (5). Hochdruckheißabscheider nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der im Wandeinsatz (18) und (18 a) vorgesehene Kühlkreislauf für indirekte Kühlung mittels Flossenrohren oder mittels normaler Rohre mit zwischen deren Außenwandungen eingeschweißten Stegen realisiert wird.High-pressure hot separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the cooling circuit provided in the wall insert (18) and (18 a) for indirect cooling is realized by means of fin tubes or by means of normal tubes with webs welded between their outer walls.
EP90122735A 1990-03-09 1990-11-28 High pressure hot separator Expired - Lifetime EP0451343B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4007543A DE4007543A1 (en) 1990-03-09 1990-03-09 HIGH PRESSURE HOT SEPARATOR
DE4007543 1990-03-09

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EP0451343A1 true EP0451343A1 (en) 1991-10-16
EP0451343B1 EP0451343B1 (en) 1993-03-10

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EP90122735A Expired - Lifetime EP0451343B1 (en) 1990-03-09 1990-11-28 High pressure hot separator

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US (1) US5084079A (en)
EP (1) EP0451343B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH04220493A (en)
AT (1) ATE86649T1 (en)
CA (1) CA2037856A1 (en)
DE (2) DE4007543A1 (en)
DK (1) DK0451343T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2040023T3 (en)
GR (1) GR3007343T3 (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7726491B2 (en) 2002-09-19 2010-06-01 Suncor Energy Inc. Bituminous froth hydrocarbon cyclone
US7736501B2 (en) 2002-09-19 2010-06-15 Suncor Energy Inc. System and process for concentrating hydrocarbons in a bitumen feed
US8968580B2 (en) 2009-12-23 2015-03-03 Suncor Energy Inc. Apparatus and method for regulating flow through a pumpbox

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA2455011C (en) 2004-01-09 2011-04-05 Suncor Energy Inc. Bituminous froth inline steam injection processing
US8168071B2 (en) 2005-11-09 2012-05-01 Suncor Energy Inc. Process and apparatus for treating a heavy hydrocarbon feedstock
CA2526336C (en) 2005-11-09 2013-09-17 Suncor Energy Inc. Method and apparatus for oil sands ore mining
CA2567644C (en) 2005-11-09 2014-01-14 Suncor Energy Inc. Mobile oil sands mining system
US8062512B2 (en) 2006-10-06 2011-11-22 Vary Petrochem, Llc Processes for bitumen separation
US7758746B2 (en) * 2006-10-06 2010-07-20 Vary Petrochem, Llc Separating compositions and methods of use
ES2517597T3 (en) 2006-10-06 2014-11-03 Vary Petrochem, Llc Separation compositions and methods of use
JP5007403B2 (en) * 2007-01-19 2012-08-22 三菱マテリアル株式会社 Method and apparatus for separating high temperature and high pressure water and oil
US10208261B2 (en) 2014-02-12 2019-02-19 Lummus Technology Inc. Processing vacuum residuum and vacuum gas oil in ebullated bed reactor systems
CA2974202C (en) 2016-08-23 2019-05-14 Vitalis Extraction Technology Inc. Superfluid extraction apparatus

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3884796A (en) * 1974-03-04 1975-05-20 Us Interior Solvent refined coal process with retention of coal minerals
DE3300372A1 (en) * 1983-01-07 1984-07-12 Basf Ag, 6700 Ludwigshafen Method for the continuous production of hydrocarbon oils from coal by pressure hydrogenation in two steps, and pressure vessel for carrying out the method
DE3405730A1 (en) * 1983-02-19 1984-08-23 Basf Ag, 6700 Ludwigshafen Separator for flash evaporators of coal hydrogenation plants

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DE933826C (en) * 1953-08-12 1955-10-06 Basf Ag Process for the production of gasoline and possibly diesel oil from crude oil
DE2646605C2 (en) * 1976-10-15 1986-09-18 Saarbergwerke AG, 6600 Saarbrücken Process for hydrogenating coal

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3884796A (en) * 1974-03-04 1975-05-20 Us Interior Solvent refined coal process with retention of coal minerals
DE3300372A1 (en) * 1983-01-07 1984-07-12 Basf Ag, 6700 Ludwigshafen Method for the continuous production of hydrocarbon oils from coal by pressure hydrogenation in two steps, and pressure vessel for carrying out the method
DE3405730A1 (en) * 1983-02-19 1984-08-23 Basf Ag, 6700 Ludwigshafen Separator for flash evaporators of coal hydrogenation plants

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7726491B2 (en) 2002-09-19 2010-06-01 Suncor Energy Inc. Bituminous froth hydrocarbon cyclone
US7736501B2 (en) 2002-09-19 2010-06-15 Suncor Energy Inc. System and process for concentrating hydrocarbons in a bitumen feed
US8968580B2 (en) 2009-12-23 2015-03-03 Suncor Energy Inc. Apparatus and method for regulating flow through a pumpbox

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0451343B1 (en) 1993-03-10
JPH04220493A (en) 1992-08-11
CA2037856A1 (en) 1991-09-10
GR3007343T3 (en) 1993-07-30
DK0451343T3 (en) 1993-05-03
ES2040023T3 (en) 1993-10-01
US5084079A (en) 1992-01-28
ATE86649T1 (en) 1993-03-15
DE59001016D1 (en) 1993-04-15
DE4007543C2 (en) 1992-02-20
DE4007543A1 (en) 1991-09-12

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