EP0449542B1 - Collection d'ordures - Google Patents

Collection d'ordures Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0449542B1
EP0449542B1 EP91302559A EP91302559A EP0449542B1 EP 0449542 B1 EP0449542 B1 EP 0449542B1 EP 91302559 A EP91302559 A EP 91302559A EP 91302559 A EP91302559 A EP 91302559A EP 0449542 B1 EP0449542 B1 EP 0449542B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
duct
inlet
path
fluid
vehicle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91302559A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0449542A2 (fr
EP0449542A3 (en
Inventor
Robin Hamilton
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0449542A2 publication Critical patent/EP0449542A2/fr
Publication of EP0449542A3 publication Critical patent/EP0449542A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0449542B1 publication Critical patent/EP0449542B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01H—STREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
    • E01H1/00—Removing undesirable matter from roads or like surfaces, with or without moistening of the surface
    • E01H1/08—Pneumatically dislodging or taking-up undesirable matter or small objects; Drying by heat only or by streams of gas; Cleaning by projecting abrasive particles
    • E01H1/0863—Apparatus loosening or removing the dirt by blowing and subsequently dislodging it at least partially by suction ; Combined suction and blowing nozzles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to waste collection and to waste collection apparatus.
  • the present invention seeks to obviate or mitigate these and other disadvantages of the prior art.
  • waste collection apparatus comprising a first fluid duct having an inlet and means operable to create a fluid flow along the first duct from the inlet, whereby waste material may be drawn into the inlet by the fluid flow and thereafter collected, the first duct being partly defined, in use, by the surface over which the apparatus is moving, and partly by a duct-defining surface or surfaces of the apparatus, wherein the duct extends generally horizontally from the inlet in a direction generally opposite to the forward direction of the apparatus, the fluid flow means, in use, causing wind blown litter to be drawn across the surface over which the apparatus is moving and along the duct to a location at which the duct turns upwardly into the body of the apparatus and is thereafter defined entirely by duct-defining surfaces of the apparatus, the apparatus being characterised by comprising at least one second fluid duct means having an outlet located in the region of the inlet and so arranged as to create a second fluid flow path which is at the periphery of and to one side of the first path and is generally oppositely directed to
  • waste collection apparatus 10 comprising a first fluid duct 12 having an inlet at 14, means in the form of a fan 16 operable to create a first fluid flow path illustrated by arrows 18 towards and into the duct inlet 14, whereby waste material may be drawn into the inlet 14 by the fluid flow and thereafter collected.
  • the fan 16 is not shown in detail in Fig. 2, for clarity. The fan could be located at any convenient position along the flow path.
  • the apparatus further comprises second fluid duct means 20 having outlets so located and arranged as to create a fluid flow path indicated by arrows 22 and which is at the periphery of the first path 18 and is generally oppositely directed to the path 18. This causes waste material which, in use, is being drawn along the periphery of the first path 18 to be deflected into the main stream of the fluid flowing along the first path.
  • the apparatus is a wheeled vehicle having an engine 24, for instance a rear engine, and a cab 26 for a driver.
  • the cab 26 is located and arranged to minimise obstructions to the view of the driver.
  • duct-defining surfaces 28 provide a roof and side walls for the duct 12, the floor of which is the surface over which the vehicle is moving.
  • the duct 12 is generally horizontal and is at its widest at the inlet 14, at the front of the vehicle, and narrows in the horizontal direction back towards the middle of the vehicle, underneath the fan 16.
  • the duct then rises generally vertically into the vehicle so that the fan 16 can act to create a draught of air along the duct 12 and up into the vehicle 10.
  • This draught causes litter within the duct to be accelerated back towards the location at which the duct 12 turn upwards. Litter can be carried along by this air flow.
  • the relatively slow flow at the forward, inlet end of the duct 12 may be sufficient to cause wind blown litter to be drawn into the duct 12, but need not be sufficient to move heavier objects. Wind blown litter will accelerate along the duct, until it is moving sufficiently quickly, when it reaches the upward turn, to be carried up with the airflow into the machine, even if the suction at that point is insufficient to lift heavier objects.
  • a baffle 30 is slung beneath the vehicle 10 to guide litter up into the vehicle.
  • it is made slightly short so that it does not bear on the surface over which the vehicle is moving. This gives rise to a risk that litter travelling along the lower periphery of the duct 12 may leave the duct through the gap between the baffle 30 and the surface below, although windblown litter will tend to be pulled up by the airflow.
  • Second ducts 20 may be used to help overcome any tendency to leave the duct 12. These ducts 20 are supplied with pressurised air in order to direct jets of air from the lower edge of the baffle 30 back along the lower periphery of the duct 12, towards the inlet 14.
  • each disc Located on opposite sides of the inlet 14 are two disc members 32 whose function is described more easily with reference to Fig. 3.
  • Each disc has a plurality of air outlets located around its circumference, and is mounted for complete or partial rotation about its centre by means not shown in the drawings, but which may be conventional in themselves.
  • the outlets 34 of the discs 32 are supplied with pressurised air, so that in use, each outlet 34 creates a jet 36 of air directed down to the ground slightly in front of the vehicle.
  • Each jet 36 sweeps an area of ground in the region of the inlet 14 as the discs 32 rotate, and by virtue of the locations of the discs 32, these regions are at the periphery of the air paths 18 into the duct 12.
  • the discs 32 rotate in opposite directions so that the jets 36 sweep in towards the path 18.
  • the jets 36 may rotate continuously, or oscillate, in which case the jets will be turned off on the return sweep, to avoid deflecting litter away from the ducts.
  • the jets 36 also increase the width of the swath cleared by the machine, beyond the width of the machine. Some material may nevertheless be too far away to be collected, even by the action of the jets 36. Such material may nevertheless be blown by the jets, away from the machine. The machine will leave a swath from which material has been collected, and which is bordered by strips from which material has blown away. Thus, to achieve substantially complete clearance of a large area it is not necessary for neighbouring swaths cleared by the machine to be contiguous, but only that the border strips of neighbouring swaths are contiguous or overlap. This reduces the required number of passes of the machine.
  • the air being drawn along the duct 12 is conveyed, along with any litter transported with it, to the fan 16 which is creating the air movement.
  • the shredded waste passes from the fan 16 to a filter 38 for extracting the litter from the air flow.
  • Possible designs of filter 38 are shown in more detail in Figs. 4 and 5.
  • a duct 40 conveys air from the fan 16 towards a vertical and hollow cylinder 42 of filter material such as a wire gauze.
  • the duct 40 directs the air flow through the cylindrical wall of the cylinder 42, so that the air passes across the hollow interior of the cylinder 42, and out of the cylinder through the cylindrical wall on the far side, where it is collected by a further duct 44.
  • the cylinder 42 is mounted for rotation about its vertical cylindrical axis and is constantly rotated during use. Accordingly, air carrying shredded waste from the fan 16 leaves the duct 40 and is filtered to leave the waste material on the outer cylindrical surface of the cylinder 42.
  • the material may fall off the cylinder 42 of its own accord, or be scraped off the cylinder as the cylinder rotates past a fixed scraper 46, or be blown off by air jets (not shown).
  • the scraper 46 is located at an intermediate position between the position at which air leaves the duct 40 to pass through the cylinder 42, and the position at which air passes through the cylinder 42 to enter the duct 44.
  • Air reaching the centre of the cylinder 42 will consequently be substantially clean. Furthermore, the cylinder 42 will also be substantially clean in the region through which the air passes to enter the duct 44. However, any small amounts of waste which may remain attached to the outer surface of the cylinder 42 will tend to be blown off by the air entering the duct 44, thus leaving the surface of the cylinder 42 substantially clean. Any small amounts of waste which are carried along the duct 44 can be filtered out in a subsequent filtering stage, by conventional means.
  • the filter apparatus has a form of self-cleaning action, because the air being filtered passes through the cylinder 42 in a first direction to be filtered, and then back through the cylinder 42 in the opposite direction relative to the cylinder surface, to perform a cleaning action.
  • FIG. 5 A second alternative is shown in Fig. 5.
  • This arrangement uses a disc 48 of filter material which is mounted to rotate about its centre.
  • Associated ducts 50, 52 and 54 provide a path for air which enters the duct 50 from the fan 16, passes through the filter disc 48 into one end of the duct 52, and then is re-directed to pass back in the opposite direction through the disc 48 into the duct 54 which conveys the substantially clean air away from the filter.
  • the rotation of the disc 48 causes the filter material of the disc to describe a circular path from the region between the ducts 50, 52, in which the bulk of the shredded waste is filtered out from the air, to a second position between the adjacent ends of the duct 52 and the duct 54.
  • the filter material is scraped by a scraper 56 (or cleaned by air jets) to remove the majority of material collected by the filter disc 48. Any remaining material which is carried by the disc 48 as it reaches the second position will tend to be blown off by the air passing back to the duct 54, so that the disc 48 is left clean.
  • the air leaving the duct 54 may contain small amounts of waste material which can be filtered out in a subsequent operation by conventional apparatus. It may not be necessary to redirect all of the air through the filter, but to use only part of the filtered air to clean the filter.
  • the waste material recovered from the filter disc 48 or the filter cylinder 42 falls into a collecting mouth 58A, 58B located beneath the filter.
  • the material recovered by the filters is supplied to a compacter apparatus 60 shown in Fig. 6.
  • the compacter 60 comprises a screw conveyor 62 which receives at one end the debris falling from the filter, through the mouth 58. This waste is conveyed by the rotation of the conveyor 62 towards an outlet at 64.
  • Spring mounted doors 66 are located at the outlet 64 and are sprung to their closed position.
  • the compacted packet may have been suffiently compacted to retain its shape without assistance, or may then if required or desired be placed in a bag or sack, or bound or tied to form a bail. Each packet can then be released from the vehicle for subsequent collection. This contrasts with previous proposals in which collected litter is stored on board the collecting vehicle, causing the size and weight of the vehicle to increase and the range of the vehicle to reduce.
  • the vehicle By jettisoning each packet of litter, the vehicle is kept as light as possible so that it can be used on a wider range of surfaces, such as grass and steep slopes. It is believed that it will be relatively easy in practice to arrange for transport of the packets either manually or by an appropriate form of transport to a road vehicle at a nearby location, which can then transport the packets to a waste disposal location. In some applications, it may be convenient to tow a trailer on which the packets can be stored.
  • a piston ram compressor could be used instead of the screw conveyor, or to further compress the material previously compressed by the screw conveyor.
  • a hose 70 mounted on a boom 72 which can be raised, lowered and swung in conventional manner to move the hose 70.
  • the hose and boom together provide a path 74 for air through which waste may be drawn from the end of the hose 70 into the vehicle 10, by suction.
  • Suction may be created by the fan 16 or by a separate fan, or the fan may be selectively connectable to the hose 70 or for collecting through the duct 12. Any waste collected by the hose 70 is dealt with in the same way as waste collected by the duct 12.
  • the hose 70 is made of flexible material.
  • the wall of the hose 70 is multi-skinned to leave one or more narrow annular passages 76 between the inner and outer skins. Only one annular passage is illustrated in Fig. 7, which shows the end of the hose 70. It is apparent from that drawing that the passage 76 is open at the end of the hose 70, around the mouth of the path 74. Alternatively the passage 76 may be closed.
  • Air is supplied under pressure to the passage 76 at the end of the boom 72 and flows along the passage.
  • the air will leave at the end of the hose 70 if the end is open.
  • the operator is provided with controls which allow the pressure of air supplied to the passage 76 to be varied, so that the passage 76 can be inflated to a variable degree, and this in turn allows the flexibility of the hose to be varied.
  • the higher the pressure supplied to the passage 76 the more rigid will be the hose.
  • This provides a further freedom to the operator for controlling the position of the end of the hose 70, because he can move the boom 72 and also vary the flexibility of the hose 70, so that it reaches out to varying degrees from the vehicle 10. This is illustrated in Figs. 8A and 8B.
  • FIG 8A shows the position when a relatively low pressure is supplied to the passage 76.
  • the hose 70 hangs limply from the boom 72. If the pressure to the passage 76 is increased, the hose 70 becomes less flexible and reaches out further from the vehicle. It is envisaged that the air pressure required to control the flexibility of the hose may be many times greater than the air pressures required to provide adequate suction into the path 74. Thus, the pressure in the passage 76 will dominate the control of the hose flexibility.
  • air leaving the passage 76 may act in a similar manner to the air jets 36 of Fig. 3, to deflect litter into the path 74.
  • the range of terrains over which the vehicle may be operated is extended by not storing the collected litter in the vehicle.
  • the range of operating conditions may be further extended by designing the vehicle to be as low as possible so that it can be operated under obstruction such as shop canopies and in mult-storey carparks.
  • the stability of the vehicle can be improved by mounting all heavy machinery such as the fan as low as possible on the chassis.
  • the versatility of the machine before collecting begins can be improved by providing an arrangement which allows the ground clearance at the front of the vehicle to be increased. This may be achieved by raising the duct-defining surfaces, or by raising the complete vehicle in relation to the wheels, e.g. by adjusting the vehicle suspension.
  • Couplings may be provided to allow the fan 16 or other elements of the machine (such as a compressor) to be used for other purposes, when the machine is not collecting, such as providing power for other equipment.
  • a water-borne vessel is also envisaged, in which the fan 16 is replaced by a pump, and water is drawn through the duct 12 or hose 70.
  • the fan 16 can be replaced by other means for creating the necessary air flow, such as an air jet in place of the fan and directed across the duct to create an air flow.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Control And Other Processes For Unpacking Of Materials (AREA)
  • Pens And Brushes (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
  • Refuse Collection And Transfer (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Appareil de collecte de déchets (10) comprenant un premier conduit de fluide (12) possédant une entrée (14) et des moyens (16) susceptibles d'être actionnés pour créer un écoulement de fluide le long du premier conduit à partir de l'entrée, par lesquels le matériau formant déchets peut être entraîné dans l'entrée par l'écoulement de fluide et être ensuite collecté, le premier conduit étant en partie défini, en utilisation, par la surface sur laquelle l'appareil se déplace, et en partie par une ou des surface(s) (28) formant conduit dudit appareil, dans lequel ledit conduit s'étend généralement horizontalement à partir de l'entrée, dans une direction généralement opposée à la direction avant de l'appareil, les moyens formant écoulement de fluide, en utilisation, entraînant les ordures soufflées à travers la surface sur laquelle l'appareil se déplace et le long du conduit à un emplacement au niveau duquel le conduit remonte dans le corps de l'appareil et est ensuite défini entièrement par les surfaces formant conduit dudit appareil, l'appareil étant caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend au moins un deuxième moyen (32) formant conduit de fluide possédant une sortie (34) placée dans la région de l'entrée et disposée de sorte à créer une deuxième trajectoire (36) d'écoulement de fluide, à la périphérie et d'un côté de la première trajectoire (18), et qui est généralement dirigée dans le sens opposé pour détourner le matériau formant déchets, lequel est entraîné, en utilisation, le long de la périphérie de la première trajectoire, dans le flux principal de fluide s'écoulant le long de la première trajectoire, chaque sortie étant montée en pivotement ou rotation, et des moyens sont prévus pour réorienter chaque sortie par rapport au conduit, par lesquels la deuxième trajectoire d'écoulement peut être réorientée par rapport à la première trajectoire d'écoulement pour balayer une zone à la périphérie et d'un côté de la première trajectoire d'écoulement, détournant ainsi le matériau, généralement en direction latérale, dans le flux principal.
  2. Appareil selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'une pluralité de sorties (34) montées en vue de leur pivotement ou de leur rotation, sont susceptibles d'être actionnées pour créer des deuxièmes trajectoires d'écoulement (36) respectives qui nettoyent l'une après l'autre, comme mentionné plus haut.
  3. Appareil selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend au moins deux sorties (34) placées de manière opposée l'une par rapport à l'autre dans la région de l'entrée (14) du conduit.
  4. Appareil selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la section transversale du conduit (12) se réduit entre l'entrée (14) et ledit emplacement, pour permettre l'accélération de l'écoulement du fluide le long du conduit.
  5. Appareil selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend des moyens pour envoyer par impulsions le fluide aux deuxièmes sorties.
EP91302559A 1990-03-26 1991-03-25 Collection d'ordures Expired - Lifetime EP0449542B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9006624 1990-03-26
GB909006624A GB9006624D0 (en) 1990-03-26 1990-03-26 Waste collection

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0449542A2 EP0449542A2 (fr) 1991-10-02
EP0449542A3 EP0449542A3 (en) 1991-12-11
EP0449542B1 true EP0449542B1 (fr) 1996-09-25

Family

ID=10673187

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91302559A Expired - Lifetime EP0449542B1 (fr) 1990-03-26 1991-03-25 Collection d'ordures

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0449542B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE143435T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE69122288T2 (fr)
GB (2) GB9006624D0 (fr)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2261159B (en) * 1991-11-05 1995-03-22 Suk Cess Ltd Refuse collecting apparatus
US5417301A (en) * 1993-12-27 1995-05-23 Robert J. Wildner Environmentally safe work platform
DE4426849C2 (de) * 1994-07-28 1998-07-16 Nkf Leichtmetallbau Feinstaub-Austragsvorrichtung und Verfahren
EP1038567A1 (fr) * 1999-02-25 2000-09-27 Airtec Di Grieco Annamaria Dispositif de filtration pour séparer de la poussière d'un fluide aériforme et particulièrement pour séparer de la poussière textile
CN102912754A (zh) * 2012-11-06 2013-02-06 广西玉柴专用汽车有限公司 清扫车反吹风吸尘装置
CN104088239B (zh) * 2014-07-28 2017-05-03 佛山市格美清洁设备有限公司 一种装配有导风装置的扫地车
CN107313382A (zh) * 2016-12-23 2017-11-03 福建海山机械股份有限公司 一种抽吸式垃圾收集车
CN111827189B (zh) * 2020-07-23 2021-11-02 洁臣环境科技（深圳）有限公司 一种用于枫树落叶的清扫回收装置
CN114797246B (zh) * 2022-03-09 2023-01-17 广东长大道路养护有限公司 扫路车水雾抑尘装置

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH364803A (de) * 1958-05-29 1962-10-15 Schoerling & Co Waggonbau Selbstaufnehmende Kehrmaschine für Startbahnen, Strassen, Wege oder dergleichen mit Unterdruckförderung
GB1184795A (en) * 1966-11-14 1970-03-18 Johnston Brothers Eng Improvements in or relating to Suction Nozzles for use with Suction Refuse Collecting Vehicles
US3436788A (en) * 1967-07-27 1969-04-08 Wayne Manufacturing Co Streetsweeper vacuum pickup head assembly
GB1483664A (en) * 1975-04-01 1977-08-24 Templar Tools Ltd Cleaning of surfaces particularly of streets and floors
CH613735A5 (en) * 1977-02-28 1979-10-15 Rapid Masch Fahrzeuge Ag Method of cleaning plane surfaces and roads as well as cleaning machine for implementing the method
US4300261A (en) * 1980-08-15 1981-11-17 Robert E. Robbins Vacuum cleaning apparatus with compressed air means
GB2132063B (en) * 1982-12-23 1986-03-12 Roy Taylor Leaf collecting machines
DE3441145A1 (de) * 1984-11-10 1986-05-15 Sergije 6000 Frankfurt Savic Geraet zum absaugen von mikro- und makroabfaellen aus wasser, typ delphin
US4594749A (en) * 1984-11-13 1986-06-17 Waterman Dale G Vacuum cleaner with air jet assist
GB2211227A (en) * 1987-10-16 1989-06-28 John Prendergast Suction cleaning apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB9006624D0 (en) 1990-05-23
DE69122288D1 (de) 1996-10-31
EP0449542A2 (fr) 1991-10-02
ATE143435T1 (de) 1996-10-15
DE69122288T2 (de) 1997-04-24
GB2242467B (en) 1995-01-04
GB2242467A (en) 1991-10-02
GB9106338D0 (en) 1991-05-08
EP0449542A3 (en) 1991-12-11

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