EP0447330B1 - Réservoir de combustible normalement gazeux, stocké en phase liquide, pour appareil utilisant sa combustion en phase gazeuse - Google Patents

Réservoir de combustible normalement gazeux, stocké en phase liquide, pour appareil utilisant sa combustion en phase gazeuse Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0447330B1
EP0447330B1 EP91420033A EP91420033A EP0447330B1 EP 0447330 B1 EP0447330 B1 EP 0447330B1 EP 91420033 A EP91420033 A EP 91420033A EP 91420033 A EP91420033 A EP 91420033A EP 0447330 B1 EP0447330 B1 EP 0447330B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel
reservoir
tank
liquid phase
tube
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91420033A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0447330A1 (fr
Inventor
René Frigière
Philippe Grel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Cricket SA
Original Assignee
Cricket SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Cricket SA filed Critical Cricket SA
Publication of EP0447330A1 publication Critical patent/EP0447330A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0447330B1 publication Critical patent/EP0447330B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C7/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases from pressure vessels, not covered by another subclass
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C1/00—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C11/00—Use of gas-solvents or gas-sorbents in vessels
    • F17C11/007—Use of gas-solvents or gas-sorbents in vessels for hydrocarbon gases, such as methane or natural gas, propane, butane or mixtures thereof [LPG]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
    • F23Q2/00—Lighters containing fuel, e.g. for cigarettes
    • F23Q2/34—Component parts or accessories
    • F23Q2/42—Fuel containers; Closures for fuel containers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
    • F17C2201/0119—Shape cylindrical with flat end-piece
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
    • F17C2203/0614—Single wall
    • F17C2203/0617—Single wall with one layer
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0308—Protective caps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0338—Pressure regulators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
    • F17C2209/21—Shaping processes
    • F17C2209/2109—Moulding
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
    • F17C2209/21—Shaping processes
    • F17C2209/2109—Moulding
    • F17C2209/2118—Moulding by injection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
    • F17C2209/23—Manufacturing of particular parts or at special locations
    • F17C2209/232—Manufacturing of particular parts or at special locations of walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
    • F17C2209/23—Manufacturing of particular parts or at special locations
    • F17C2209/234—Manufacturing of particular parts or at special locations of closing end pieces, e.g. caps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/04—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid before transfer
    • F17C2223/042—Localisation of the removal point
    • F17C2223/043—Localisation of the removal point in the gas
    • F17C2223/045—Localisation of the removal point in the gas with a dip tube
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F17C2250/0486—Indicating or measuring characterised by the location
    • F17C2250/0491—Parameters measured at or inside the vessel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/06—Controlling or regulating of parameters as output values
    • F17C2250/0605—Parameters
    • F17C2250/0636—Flow or movement of content
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/05—Applications for industrial use
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8593—Systems
    • Y10T137/86348—Tank with internally extending flow guide, pipe or conduit

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a fuel tank, normally gaseous, stored in the liquid phase, for an appliance using its combustion in the gaseous phase, this tank possibly forming an integral part of the body of the appliance which, in this case, is of the disposable type, or constitute a removable cartridge capable of being replaced by a full cartridge, when it is empty.
  • a normally gaseous fuel is described as a pure substance or a mixture of pure substances in the liquid state under the pressure and temperature conditions in which it is stored, the liquid phase being in thermodynamic balance with its vapor phase.
  • the surface which delimits the two phases can be plane or have a certain radius of curvature, in particular if the liquid phase is located within a porous medium. or fibrous, the viscosity and the surface tension of the liquid phase making it possible to modify the state of liquid-vapor equilibrium and to retain the liquid phase within the porous or fibrous medium.
  • a gas dissolved in a suitable thickening or gelling solvent such as in particular low molecular weight polymers such as metacrylates, fatty acid salts such as sodium palmitate, colloidal silicas, aluminum carboxylic acid salts, ... etc.
  • the presence of a device for regulating the fuel flow is essential and the device only works stably if it is always supplied in the same phase, liquid or gas. Since, in addition, the gas phase is always located above the liquid phase and the tank is often used upright, that is to say with its outlet opening facing upwards, it is necessary to obtain that the control device is always supplied in the gaseous phase.
  • a device for regulating the fuel flow such as a pressure reducing filter
  • Cylindrical-shaped tanks are known, whether circular or not, with an outlet orifice in the center of one of the end walls, in which the fuel is trapped, in the liquid phase, within a porous or fibrous material, with which they are filled, a high porosity allowing a high filling rate. However, if the tank is filled beyond this rate, the excess liquid fuel is no longer trapped, and nothing prevents the liquid phase from reaching the regulating device.
  • a dip tube connects the outlet orifice to the center of the tank, the cross section of the free end of this dip tube, located upstream of the device. regulation, being closed by a transverse partition, while at least one inlet orifice is provided in the cylindrical wall of this dip tube, and of a size capable of causing the formation of a meniscus of liquid-vapor interface of the fuel in liquid phase, under normal tank storage temperature conditions.
  • the inlet orifice arranged in the cylindrical wall of the dip tube is located near its free end, that is to say near its aforementioned transverse partition.
  • each inlet orifice of the dip tube has the form of a slot arranged longitudinally, along a generatrix of the wall of this tube, and three orifices of regular angular distribution are advantageously provided.
  • the downstream end of the dip tube that is to say its end linked to the outlet orifice of the tank, is dimensioned so as to constitute the sump in which is housed the fuel flow control device.
  • This dip tube can, moreover, form an integral part of the body of the reservoir with the wall from which it can be obtained, by molding or injection, in any suitable moldable or injectable material.
  • the tank 2 of the invention is of the type of cylindrical shape with circular section, of axis 3 and whose cylindrical wall 2a is closed, at each of its ends, by two diametrical walls 2b and 2c.
  • One of the diametrical walls, namely the wall 2 b in the example illustrated in FIG. 1, has, in its center, an orifice 4, constituting the outlet orifice of the reservoir 2.
  • this reservoir 2 constitutes a removable cartridge capable of being replaced by a full cartridge, when it is itself empty.
  • the interior of the tank 2 is filled with a porous or fibrous material 6, intended to trap the fuel in the liquid phase.
  • a porous or fibrous material 6 intended to trap the fuel in the liquid phase.
  • the fuel in the liquid phase is only fully trapped provided that the quantity of fuel in the liquid phase introduced into the tank does not exceed the capacity that the porous or fibrous material has, to absorb it. In totality. Consequently, if the filling of the tank 2 takes place at a filling rate higher than that tolerated by the porosity of the material 6, this results in supersaturation of fuel in the liquid phase, not trapped and capable of reaching directly, liquid phase, the orifice 4 of the reservoir 2 and therefore, the flow control device located near this orifice 4, upstream or downstream.
  • a dip tube 7 is provided in the reservoir according to the invention, coaxial with the axis 3 of the reservoir connecting its outlet orifice 4 to the center of the reservoir 2, c 'that is to say, the length of which is substantially equal to half that of the tank 2.
  • the free end 7a, of this plunger tile 2 is therefore located substantially in the center of the tank 2, within the porous material or fibrous 6.
  • This end 7a of the dip tube 7 is closed by a transverse partition 7b.
  • three inlet openings 7c are formed, distributed regularly around the periphery of the end 7a of the tube 7, near the transverse partition 7b, as is more particularly visible in FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • Each orifice 7c, which constitutes an inlet orifice for the dip tube 7, has the form of a slot arranged longitudinally, that is to say along a generatrix of the cylindrical wall of the tube plunger 7.
  • the dimension of each of them is small enough to cause the formation of a liquid-vapor interface meniscus, of the fuel in the liquid phase, under normal conditions of storage temperature of the tank 2.
  • the end 7e of the dip tube 7, that is to say that opposite to its free end 7a, is arranged to constitute the sump serving as housing for the flow control device 8, associated with this tank 2.
  • the dip tube 7 can be an integral part of the body of the reservoir 2, that is to say of its cylindrical walls 2a and ends 2b, with which it can be obtained by molding or injection. It may be noted, in this regard, that the longitudinal slit shape of the inlet orifices 7c of the central channel 7d, of the dip tube 7, is particularly suitable for manufacture by molding or injection, since these slots can be produced without counter bare.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Feeding And Controlling Fuel (AREA)
  • Lighters Containing Fuel (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Wick-Type Burners And Burners With Porous Materials (AREA)
EP91420033A 1990-03-15 1991-02-01 Réservoir de combustible normalement gazeux, stocké en phase liquide, pour appareil utilisant sa combustion en phase gazeuse Expired - Lifetime EP0447330B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9003849A FR2659723B1 (fr) 1990-03-15 1990-03-15 Reservoir de combustible normalement gazeux, stocke en phase liquide, pour appareil utilisant sa combustion en phase gazeuse.
FR9003849 1990-03-15

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0447330A1 EP0447330A1 (fr) 1991-09-18
EP0447330B1 true EP0447330B1 (fr) 1994-09-21

Family

ID=9395124

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91420033A Expired - Lifetime EP0447330B1 (fr) 1990-03-15 1991-02-01 Réservoir de combustible normalement gazeux, stocké en phase liquide, pour appareil utilisant sa combustion en phase gazeuse

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US5097867A (ja)
EP (1) EP0447330B1 (ja)
JP (1) JP2725897B2 (ja)
AT (1) ATE112029T1 (ja)
DE (1) DE69104095T2 (ja)
ES (1) ES2060333T3 (ja)
FR (1) FR2659723B1 (ja)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2700602B1 (fr) * 1993-01-19 1995-05-24 Cricket Sa Réservoir de combustible gazeux en phase liquide.
EP1367326A3 (en) * 2002-05-27 2005-03-30 Shenzhen Bailingda Lighters & Electrical Products Co. Ltd. A lighter
USD636668S1 (en) 2008-03-24 2011-04-26 Mary Kay Inc. Dip tubes
US8376192B2 (en) * 2008-03-24 2013-02-19 Mary Kay Inc. Apparatus for dispensing fluids using a press-fit diptube
US9789502B2 (en) 2008-06-05 2017-10-17 Mary Kay Inc. Apparatus for dispensing fluids using a removable bottle
US8511343B2 (en) * 2010-08-05 2013-08-20 Control Solutions LLC Bladderless reservoir tank for a hydraulic accumulator
CN111578271A (zh) * 2020-05-09 2020-08-25 苏州北美国际高级中学 一种新型安全酒精灯及制备方法

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3291184A (en) * 1965-08-23 1966-12-13 Master Cons Inc Fuel supply system
GB1232587A (ja) * 1967-08-11 1971-05-19
FR1591263A (ja) * 1967-11-08 1970-06-05
US3523005A (en) * 1968-05-20 1970-08-04 Butane Match Corp Of America Gas lighter construction
US3510102A (en) * 1968-08-08 1970-05-05 Atomic Energy Commission Valve assembly
FR2270521B2 (ja) * 1973-10-29 1976-10-15 Benzaria Clement
FR2313639A1 (fr) * 1975-06-05 1976-12-31 Genoud & Cie Ets Valve pour briquet a gaz
US4201537A (en) * 1978-02-09 1980-05-06 Tokai Seiki Co., Ltd. Fuel tank of a disposable cigarette gas lighter
FR2428789A1 (fr) * 1978-06-16 1980-01-11 Dupont S T Dispositif limiteur de flamme pour briquet a gaz

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE112029T1 (de) 1994-10-15
JPH06281142A (ja) 1994-10-07
DE69104095T2 (de) 1995-01-19
US5097867A (en) 1992-03-24
EP0447330A1 (fr) 1991-09-18
JP2725897B2 (ja) 1998-03-11
DE69104095D1 (de) 1994-10-27
FR2659723B1 (fr) 1992-06-12
FR2659723A1 (fr) 1991-09-20
ES2060333T3 (es) 1994-11-16

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