EP0446713B1 - Système de séparation du sang - Google Patents
Système de séparation du sang Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0446713B1 EP0446713B1 EP91102992A EP91102992A EP0446713B1 EP 0446713 B1 EP0446713 B1 EP 0446713B1 EP 91102992 A EP91102992 A EP 91102992A EP 91102992 A EP91102992 A EP 91102992A EP 0446713 B1 EP0446713 B1 EP 0446713B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- bag
- blood
- outlet
- tubing
- satellite
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 210000003743 erythrocyte Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012503 blood component Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 claims 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims 1
- 210000002381 plasma Anatomy 0.000 description 25
- 239000003634 thrombocyte concentrate Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 6
- 210000000265 leukocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003761 preservation solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003850 cellular structure Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003714 granulocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010118 platelet activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004623 platelet-rich plasma Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000011176 pooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/02—Blood transfusion apparatus
- A61M1/0209—Multiple bag systems for separating or storing blood components
Definitions
- This disclosure is concerned generally with collection and separation systems for whole blood and specifically with a blood component separation system that can be partially automated.
- Whole blood is commonly separated into its major components of less dense plasma and more dense red blood cells (RBCs) by first drawing the whole blood into a plastic bag known as a donor or primary bag. The bag's contents are then centrifuged under controlled conditions to result in a lower, more dense portion of packed RBCs and an upper less dense plasma portion, which may be rich in platelets (platelet rich plasma or PRP).
- RBCs red blood cells
- the donor bag is typically connected by plastic tubing to one or more satellite bags into which separated blood components (e.g. the PRP) may be expressed by external manipulation for further processing or use.
- separated blood components e.g. the PRP
- the classical method of preparing platelet transfusion products from whole blood collections consists of initial centrifugation of whole blood in a plastic blood bag at relatively low centrifugal force to separate most of the PRP from the red cells.
- the PRP is commonly expressed into an attached satellite blood bag. This is followed by centrifugation of the PRP in the satellite bag at relatively high centrifugal force to form a lower sediment of platelets and an upper platelet poor plasma (PRP).
- the sedimented platelets are in the form of a pellet or "button" which is resuspended in a small volume (50-60 mL) of donor plasma to give the platelet concentrate.
- the buffy coat plus either a small volume of plasma or a synthetic medium is then centrifuged at low centrifugal force to separate platelet concentrate (upper layer) from residual red cells and leukocytes.
- platelet concentrate upper layer
- the Amsterdam method while apparently giving respectable platelet yields, was cumbersome and labor-intensive.
- the buffy coat transfer step required the operator to massage the bag to prevent hang-up of the "sticky" buffy coat layer. These manipulations might influence platelet function and release of granulocyte enzymes. There was also no way to control the volume of buffy coat removed.
- U.S. Patent 3,911,918 to Turner discloses a blood bag having an hour glass shape. That bag has a top portion for plasma, a bottom portion for RBCs and a middle portion for platelets and white blood cells.
- the hour glass shape is said to help position clamping or sealing devices at the juncture of the separated components after whole blood in the bag is centrifuged. This system has not been used on any significant commercial scale to date.
- Our system for separation of blood components comprises a main plastic bag having inlet and at least two outlet ports, all of the outlets being at the top of the bag.
- One outlet port is in closed communication with or capable of being connected to an empty plasma satellite bag adapted to hold plasma.
- the other outlet port communicates at one end with a tube extending into and within the bag and close to the bag bottom and at the other end is in closed communication with or capable of being connected to a second bag adapted to hold red blood cells.
- the second satellite bag contains an RBC preservative solution such as AS-3.
- whole blood is drawn into the main bag via the inlet port and then centrifuged to form an upper, less dense plasma portion, an intermediate buffy coat portion (containing platelets) and a lower, more dense packed red blood cell portion.
- Pressure is then applied to the bag to express the upper plasma portion through the first outlet into the empty plasma satellite bag via a conventional blood bag connecting tubing.
- a sensor or photocell adapted to sense a color change as the last of the plasma (or first of the buffy coat) passes through the tubing.
- the color change at the start or the top of the buffy coat portion can activate the sensor at which time the sensor activates a clamp (or valve) which closes the tubing connected to the first outlet port.
- the senor When the tubing of the first outlet is thus closed, the sensor simultaneously opens or activates a clamp (valve) in a tubing connecting the main bag with the second satellite bag adapted to hold red blood cells. This allows passage of the RBCs (from the tube extending into the bottom of the bag) to pass into the second satellite bag until a pre-determined volume of buffy coat remains in the main or primary bag. This leaves only buffy coat and platelets in the original bag.
- the Figure is a plan view of a preferred blood bag separation system of this disclosure.
- Our system for the separation of blood components and particularly for the preparation of platelet concentrate from buffy coat comprises a bag having sensor activated clamps or valves associated with each of the outlet ports as part of the bag.
- the outlet port for the RBCs communicates with a tubular extension extending to the bottom of the bag interior.
- the tube is flexible to minimize breaking or bending during centrifuging. This also helps avoid bag puncture and breaking of the solvent bond where the tube connects to the outlet port.
- the tube is preferably transparent and extends to within about 1.27 cm (1/2 inch) of the interior bottom of the bag.
- it is made from conventional blood bag PVC tubing and has a beveled tip to avoid blockage and assure fluid (RBC) flow even if the end of the tube actually touches or presses against the bag bottom.
- a preferred system is a "triple" blood bag consisting of a primary or donor bag and two satellite bags pre-connected to the primary bag by conventional blood bag tubing.
- the primary bag is made using conventional techniques but is modified in that the blood collection bag has a RBC outlet tube extending from a top outlet port to the bottom of the bag as shown in Figure 1. All bags and connecting tubings are made from conventional blood bag plastics (e.g. PVC and the like) and are essentially transparent.
- the triple unit After collection of whole blood into bag 3, the triple unit is centrifuged at relatively high centrifugal force to form upper plasma component 9, intermediate buffy coat component 13, and lower red cell component 11.
- the bag 3 is then placed in a simple pressure-separator device (blood bag expresser) consisting of a moving spring-loaded expresser plate and a fixed plate.
- the separation system includes two on-off tubing clamps, 19 and 31, one on tubing 17 and one on tubing 27, activated by a sensor such as a photocell. Plasma passes through tube 17 while the tubing that conveys red cells passes through tube 27.
- a simple clamp 19 on tubing 17 is open and a simple clamp 31 on tubing 27 is closed.
- Plasma is expressed into bag 21 by pressure on bag 3 until red cells (in the buffy coat) are first detected in tubing 17 by the photocell sensor 16, at which time clamp 19 on tubing 17 closes in response to an electrical signal on wire line 25 from sensor 16 and the clamp 31 on tubing 27 opens in response to a signal on similar line 25.
- Red cells are then expressed from the beveled bottom 7a of tube extension 7 through the top of bag 3 into second satellite bag 35 containing a conventional red cell preservation solution such as AS-3 or the like (not shown).
- the expression continues until only a volume of about 50mL (the buffy coat 13) remains in bag 3. This volume may be set, if desired, by a simple stop between the expresser plate and the backplate against which the bag 3 is pressed in an otherwise conventional blood bag expresser.
- a preferred method of processing buffy coat to platelet concentrate after centrifugation is as follows. After the plasma and RBC expressions and detaching the plasma bag 21 and the red cell bag 35, the buffy coat 13 is held in the primary bag 3 overnight, preferably at room temperature with agitation. A number of bags containing buffy coat, preferably 6, are pooled together using a Sterile Connection Device (e.g. such as that shown in U.S. Patent 4,507,119) into a bag containing a platelet additive solution. A platelet pooling bag such as that shown in U.S. 4,857,190 to S. Wada and B. Kuhleman can be used.
- a Sterile Connection Device e.g. such as that shown in U.S. Patent 4,507,119
- a platelet pooling bag such as that shown in U.S. 4,857,190 to S. Wada and B. Kuhleman can be used.
- the pool of platelets is centrifuged at low centrifugal force to form an upper platelet concentrate (PC) layer and a lower layer of undesirable red cells and leukocytes.
- the PC may also be expressed through a leukocyte filter (e.g. as shown in U.S. 4,810,378 to R.A. Carmen et al) into a 1000 mL storage bag made of a plastic with high 02 and CO2 transmission rates for storage (e.g. as shown in U.S. 4,280,497 to Warner et al.).
- the triple bag system of this invention was used to prepare components including buffy coat platelet concentrate from 6 individual units of blood.
- the buffy coats were processed individually rather than as a pool.
- Whole blood was collected into a primary blood bag and the bag was centrifuged at 3000Xg for 9 minutes.
- the plasma upper layer was expressed into an attached empty satellite bag followed by expression of red cell lower layer from the bottom and out of the top of the primary bag into an attached bag containing AS-3 RBC preservation solution.
- Platelet counts were performed on all fractions using either an electronic cell counter (plasma and platelet concentrate) or a manual method. Data are summarized in the table below.
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Anesthesiology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- External Artificial Organs (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
Claims (11)
- Système de fractionnement du sang entier en ses composants, comprenant une poche à sang (3) présentant au moins deux lumières de sortie (17) et (27) à sa partie supérieure, à savoir une première lumière (27) et une seconde lumière (17), la première lumière (27) communiquant avec un élément tubulaire (7) pénétrant et s'engageant à l'intérieur de la poche (3) et se terminant à une distance juste au-dessus du fond de la poche.
- Système suivant la revendication 1, dans lequel l'élément tubulaire s'étend jusqu'à environ 1,27 cm (1/2 in) du fond de l'intérieur de la poche.
- Système suivant la revendication 2, dans lequel l'élément tubulaire est flexible et se termine en biseau.
- Système suivant la revendication 1, dans lequel la seconde lumière de sortie communique avec une première poche à sang (21) satellite par une tubulure.
- Système suivant la revendication 4, dans lequel la tubulure communiquant avec une pince extérieure (19) contient un capteur (16) qui arrête le passage du fluide dans la tubulure.
- Système suivant la revendication 1, dans lequel la première lumière de sortie communique avec une seconde poche à sang (35) satellite par une tubulure.
- Système suivant la revendication 6, dans lequel la tubulure communiquant avec une pince extérieure (19) comprend un capteur (16) arrêtant le passage du fluide dans la tubulaire.
- Système suivant la revendication 5, dans lequel le capteur, après détection et arrêt du passage du fluide dans la tubulure, communique avec et ouvre une vanne extérieure (19) sur la tubulure reliant la seconde lumière de sortie à la poche à sang de manière que du fluide puisse être transféré de la poche à la seconde poche satellite par la lumière de sortie.
- Procédé pour fractionner du sang en ses composants, comprenant les étapes qui consistent :(a) à introduire du sang entier dans une poche à sang (3) présentant au moins deux lumières de sortie (17) et (27) à la partie supérieure de la poche (3), l'une des lumières de sortie communiquant avec un élément tubulaire (7) débouchant et s'engageant dans la poche et se terminant à environ 1,27 cm (1/2 in) du fond intérieur de la poche ;(b) à centrifuger la poche à sang (3) avec une force centrifuge relativement grande pour former une fraction supérieure (9) de plasma, une fraction intermédiaire (13) formée d'une couche leucocytaire et une fraction inférieure formée d'hématies ;(c) à exercer une pression sur la poche pour en exprimer le plasma par une lumière de sortie ; et(d) à exercer une pression sur la poche pour en exprimer la protéine des globules rouges par l'élément tubulaire.
- Procédé suivant la revendication 9, dans lequel chaque lumière de sortie est en communication obturée par l'intermédiaire de la tubulure avec une poche satellite (21, 35).
- Procédé suivant la revendication 9, dans lequel les tubulures reliant les poches satellites aux lumières de sortie comprennent un capteur (16) et une pince (19, 31) qui coopèrent d'une manière prédéterminée pour ouvrir et fermer le passage au fluide par les lumières de sortie.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US493024 | 1990-03-13 | ||
US07/493,024 US5102407A (en) | 1990-03-13 | 1990-03-13 | Blood separation system |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0446713A2 EP0446713A2 (fr) | 1991-09-18 |
EP0446713A3 EP0446713A3 (en) | 1992-01-29 |
EP0446713B1 true EP0446713B1 (fr) | 1994-08-10 |
Family
ID=23958590
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP91102992A Expired - Lifetime EP0446713B1 (fr) | 1990-03-13 | 1991-02-28 | Système de séparation du sang |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5102407A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0446713B1 (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE109655T1 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2037813A1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69103297T2 (fr) |
DK (1) | DK0446713T3 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2056508T3 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5616254A (en) | 1990-11-06 | 1997-04-01 | Pall Corporation | System and method for processing biological fluid |
Families Citing this family (52)
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US6780333B1 (en) | 1987-01-30 | 2004-08-24 | Baxter International Inc. | Centrifugation pheresis method |
US5104526A (en) * | 1987-01-30 | 1992-04-14 | Baxter International Inc. | Centrifugation system having an interface detection system |
US5258126A (en) * | 1989-09-12 | 1993-11-02 | Pall Corporation | Method for obtaining platelets |
US5360545A (en) * | 1989-09-12 | 1994-11-01 | Pall Corporation | Filter for obtaining platelets |
DK119490D0 (da) * | 1990-05-14 | 1990-05-14 | Unes As | Apparat til fremstilling af et koncentrat af koagulationsfaktorer, saasom fibrinogen, fra en blodportion |
US5154716A (en) * | 1990-11-06 | 1992-10-13 | Miles Inc. | Bottom blood bag separation system |
US5935092A (en) | 1990-12-20 | 1999-08-10 | Baxter International Inc. | Systems and methods for removing free and entrained contaminants in plasma |
DK167517B1 (da) * | 1991-11-11 | 1993-11-15 | Squibb & Sons Inc | Beholder til optagelse og adskillelse af en vaeske, fortrinsvis blodplasma, i dennes bestanddele |
CA2072378C (fr) * | 1991-11-21 | 2000-12-26 | Vlado Ivan Matkovich | Methode d'assemblage de plusieurs receptables contenant un fluide biologique |
US5785869A (en) * | 1992-02-10 | 1998-07-28 | Baxter International Inc. | Method for creating a leukocyte rich sample from a mixed population of blood cells |
US5686238A (en) * | 1992-02-10 | 1997-11-11 | Baxter International Inc. | Method and device for testing blood units for viral contamination |
SE9200857D0 (sv) * | 1992-03-19 | 1992-03-19 | Omega Teknik Hb | Saett och anordning foer uttag av blodkomponenter |
CA2083075A1 (fr) * | 1992-06-10 | 1993-12-11 | Vlado I. Matkovich | Systeme pour le traitement du materiau de la zone de transition |
GR930100237A (el) * | 1992-06-10 | 1994-02-28 | Pall Corp | Σύστημα δια την επεξεργασίαν υλικού ζώνης μεταπτώσεως. |
BE1006620A5 (fr) * | 1992-07-13 | 1994-11-03 | Pall Corp | Systeme automatise et methode de traitement de fluides biologiques. |
GB9218581D0 (en) * | 1992-09-02 | 1992-10-14 | Pall Corp | Removal of unwanted fluids from processed blood products |
US5316681A (en) * | 1992-11-06 | 1994-05-31 | Baxter International Inc. | Method of filtering body fluid using a rinse chamber bag |
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US5547108A (en) * | 1994-08-02 | 1996-08-20 | Pall Corporation | Expressor |
PL320512A1 (en) * | 1994-12-02 | 1997-10-13 | Bristol Myers Squibb Co | System for feeding a reagent into a centrifuge |
US5733446A (en) * | 1994-12-02 | 1998-03-31 | Bristol-Myers Squibb Company | Centrifuge with annular filter |
DE69535816D1 (de) * | 1994-12-02 | 2008-10-02 | Vivolution As | Methode und vorrichtung zum abtrennen von fibrinmonomer aus blutplasma |
US5733545A (en) * | 1995-03-03 | 1998-03-31 | Quantic Biomedical Partners | Platelet glue wound sealant |
JPH11508813A (ja) | 1995-06-06 | 1999-08-03 | クウォンティック バイオメディカル パートナーズ | 血漿を濃縮するための装置及び方法 |
US5656154A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1997-08-12 | Organ, Inc. | Method and apparatus for separating a fluid into components and for washing a material |
US5865785A (en) * | 1996-02-23 | 1999-02-02 | Baxter International Inc. | Systems and methods for on line finishing of cellular blood products like platelets harvested for therapeutic purposes |
US6190855B1 (en) | 1996-10-28 | 2001-02-20 | Baxter International Inc. | Systems and methods for removing viral agents from blood |
US6168718B1 (en) | 1996-11-08 | 2001-01-02 | Pall Corporation | Method for purifying blood plasma and apparatus suitable therefor |
US6695803B1 (en) | 1998-10-16 | 2004-02-24 | Mission Medical, Inc. | Blood processing system |
US6716187B1 (en) * | 1999-07-08 | 2004-04-06 | Implant Innovations, Inc. | Platelet concentration syringe kit |
ATE337806T1 (de) | 1999-07-08 | 2006-09-15 | Implant Innovations Inc | Spritzenkit für die konzentration von thrombozyten und verfahren |
CA2373689A1 (fr) * | 1999-07-29 | 2001-02-08 | Thomas W. Coneys | Support de tube de prelevement destine a un systeme de prelevement de sang |
US6387086B2 (en) * | 1999-07-29 | 2002-05-14 | Baxter International Inc. | Blood processing set including an integrated blood sampling system |
US7824343B2 (en) | 1999-07-29 | 2010-11-02 | Fenwal, Inc. | Method and apparatus for blood sampling |
US7435231B2 (en) | 1999-07-29 | 2008-10-14 | Fenwal, Inc. | Biological sample device receiver |
WO2002089725A2 (fr) * | 2001-05-08 | 2002-11-14 | Nexell Therapeutics Inc. | Dispositifs de transfert de fluide et leurs procedes d'utilisation |
US7264608B2 (en) * | 2001-12-05 | 2007-09-04 | Fenwal, Inc. | Manual processing systems and methods for providing blood components conditioned for pathogen inactivation |
US6820506B2 (en) * | 2002-03-27 | 2004-11-23 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Multi-chambered pump-valve device |
US7241281B2 (en) * | 2002-04-08 | 2007-07-10 | Thermogenesis Corporation | Blood component separation method and apparatus |
US20050137517A1 (en) * | 2003-12-19 | 2005-06-23 | Baxter International Inc. | Processing systems and methods for providing leukocyte-reduced blood components conditioned for pathogen inactivation |
US7442178B2 (en) * | 2005-03-09 | 2008-10-28 | Jacques Chammas | Automated system and method for blood components separation and processing |
AU2006305989B2 (en) | 2005-10-26 | 2013-10-24 | Genesis Technologies Limited | Acellular bioabsorbable tissue regeneration matrices produced by incubating acellular blood products |
AU2008282232A1 (en) * | 2007-08-01 | 2009-02-05 | Terumo Bct Biotechnologies, Llc. | Pathogen inactivation of whole blood |
JP5695574B2 (ja) | 2009-11-10 | 2015-04-08 | テルモ株式会社 | 血液バッグシステム及び血液処理方法 |
US9555171B2 (en) | 2010-09-30 | 2017-01-31 | Depuy Mitek, Llc | Methods and devices for collecting separate components of whole blood |
CN103492041B (zh) * | 2011-03-28 | 2017-02-08 | 新健康科学股份有限公司 | 用于在红细胞血液处理过程中使用惰性载气和歧管组件去除氧和二氧化碳的方法和系统 |
CN103191016B (zh) * | 2012-01-09 | 2015-07-29 | 金卫医疗科技(上海)有限公司 | 一种血液连续分离时提高血浆提取纯度的分离软袋 |
CA2893039C (fr) * | 2012-11-30 | 2021-09-28 | Toray Industries, Inc. | Procede de preparation de solution de plaquettes remplacee par une solution de conservation artificielle |
EP3509663B1 (fr) * | 2016-09-06 | 2024-07-03 | Fresenius Kabi Deutschland GmbH | Procédé automatisé et appareil pour la collecte de leucocytes à partir de sang total |
CN110484502A (zh) * | 2019-07-27 | 2019-11-22 | 王太林 | 一种活性白细胞收集装置及收集方法 |
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-
1990
- 1990-03-13 US US07/493,024 patent/US5102407A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1991
- 1991-02-28 EP EP91102992A patent/EP0446713B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-02-28 AT AT91102992T patent/ATE109655T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-02-28 DE DE69103297T patent/DE69103297T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-02-28 ES ES91102992T patent/ES2056508T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-02-28 DK DK91102992.4T patent/DK0446713T3/da active
- 1991-03-08 CA CA002037813A patent/CA2037813A1/fr not_active Abandoned
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5616254A (en) | 1990-11-06 | 1997-04-01 | Pall Corporation | System and method for processing biological fluid |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US5102407A (en) | 1992-04-07 |
ES2056508T3 (es) | 1994-10-01 |
CA2037813A1 (fr) | 1991-09-14 |
DE69103297D1 (de) | 1994-09-15 |
ATE109655T1 (de) | 1994-08-15 |
DK0446713T3 (da) | 1994-09-19 |
EP0446713A3 (en) | 1992-01-29 |
DE69103297T2 (de) | 1994-12-01 |
EP0446713A2 (fr) | 1991-09-18 |
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