EP0444161B1 - Load hook device - Google Patents

Load hook device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0444161B1
EP0444161B1 EP90910515A EP90910515A EP0444161B1 EP 0444161 B1 EP0444161 B1 EP 0444161B1 EP 90910515 A EP90910515 A EP 90910515A EP 90910515 A EP90910515 A EP 90910515A EP 0444161 B1 EP0444161 B1 EP 0444161B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
load
hook
spring
bar
retaining member
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EP90910515A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0444161A1 (en
Inventor
Bruno Diethelm
Mathias Reichmuth
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Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft Vertr Durch Eidg Flugzeugwerk Emmen Der Gruppe fur Ruestungsdienste Des Eidg Militardept
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Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft Vertr Durch Eidg Flugzeugwerk Emmen Der Gruppe fur Ruestungsdienste Des Eidg Militardept
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Publication of EP0444161A1 publication Critical patent/EP0444161A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
    • B66C1/10—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
    • B66C1/22—Rigid members, e.g. L-shaped members, with parts engaging the under surface of the loads; Crane hooks
    • B66C1/34—Crane hooks

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a load carrying device according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • Such a device is known from GB-A-1,182,603.
  • the bolt is brought into its locking position depending on the load against the force of a spring. If the helicopter suddenly sags and the load rope is no longer loaded, the device works immediately as if the load had been placed on the ground; the spring presses the bolt into its unlocked position and the pawl releases the hook jaw so that the load can get out of the load hook, regardless of whether the load hook itself can be pivoted or pivoted using a separate device.
  • This known device is therefore not suitable for a helicopter.
  • a load carrying device for a helicopter is already on the market.
  • the pawl in the hook jaw is spring-loaded and meets the requirements for a problem-free flight.
  • the load rope can hang loosely, displace the pawl located in the locked position by means of a spring from the outside, and thus open the hook mouth, which can result in a critical situation.
  • a load carrying device is already known from US-A-1,667,957, in which the pawl for the hook jaw is positively locked in its locked position when the load is attached, so that when a helicopter sinks and thus relieves the load cable, the hook jaw is not opened would.
  • the load hook is not pivotably articulated on the device housing, so that in an emergency situation the load could not be thrown off the load hook, so that it is known Device is not suitable for use by a helicopter.
  • the aim is to create a load carrying device in which these aforementioned disadvantages can be avoided.
  • the pawl is now held positively in its locked position and, if desired, e.g. in an emergency situation, the load hook can be swiveled so that the load is thrown off the load hook.
  • the load-bearing device has a device housing 1 with the outer contour 2.
  • a load hook 3 is pivoted on the housing 1 about the axis 4.
  • the load hook 3 is non-rotatably connected to an actuating arm 5, which is thus also pivotable about the axis 4.
  • the device has an indicated connection point 6 for a load rope 7. From FIG. 1 it can be seen that there is a pawl 9 in the hook mouth 8, which is pressed in a manner not shown by a spring into the locking position closing the hook mouth 8 according to FIG. 1, the pawl around position 10 is pivotable. In Figures 1 and 3, the load hook 3 is in its operating position, in which it can therefore carry a load.
  • a reciprocating bolt in the form of a rod 12 in the device housing 1.
  • This rod is axially displaceable and is in its non-operating position with solid lines in Fig. 1 and in its operating position 12 'with a dash-dotted line.
  • the rod 12 is axially loaded by a spring 13 which tends to push the rod 12 to the right into the locking position 12 '(operating position) in FIG. 1.
  • This spring 13 is therefore supported at one end on the rod 12 and at the other end via a threaded pin 14 on the housing 1.
  • the rod has an annular groove 15 into which a retaining member 16 can be snapped with its spring-loaded projection 17, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the retaining member 16 has a support pin 18 located at the bottom and a forked end 19 at the top for the connection point 6 of the load cable 7.
  • the retaining member 16 has a cylindrical part between the support pin 18 and the forked end 19 20, which is rotatably mounted in the device housing 1 about the axis 21.
  • two roller bearings 22 and 23 are available.
  • the retaining member 16 with connection point 6 is mounted so that it can be displaced in the vertical direction, that is to say in the direction of the axis 21, in relation to the device housing 1 against the force of a second spring 27 (plate spring assembly), the cylindrical part 20 lifting up from the roller bearing 22 in FIG.
  • the retaining member 16 is supported on the plate spring assembly 27 via a nut 28 and the roller bearing 23.
  • the projection 17, which is designed as a pin and is pressed downward by a spring 29 against a bush 30.
  • the support pin 18 is therefore within the second spring 27 (plate spring assembly).
  • the device housing 1 is freely rotatable about the axis 21 with respect to the load cable connection point 6 and thus with respect to the retaining element 16 stored.
  • a gear 31 is rotatably mounted in the device housing 1, a drive member 32 in the form of a pawl being attached to the gear 31. In one direction of rotation of the gearwheel, it is connected to the drive member 32 in a rotationally fixed manner, and in the other direction of rotation a freewheel between the gearwheel 31 and drive member 32 is effective.
  • the rod 12 has a rack section 33 shown in FIG. 1 which meshes with the gear wheel 31. From Fig. 3 it can be seen that the actuating arm 5 carries a roller 34 which, in a manner explained later, comes into engagement with the drive element 32 when it is in the position 32 '. Located the actuating arm 5 in its position 5 ', the roller 34 is in its position 34' according to FIG. 3.
  • the plate spring assembly 27 relaxes and the retaining element 16 goes down relative to the device housing 1, the projection 17 hitting the lateral surface of the rod 12 and can now deflect inward by compressing the spring 29. Since the rod 12 is still in its position 12 ', the load hanging on the hook 3 (and also not the slack load rope 7) cannot penetrate into the hook mouth 8 from the outside, so that the load does not come out of the hook 3 can reach.
  • the sagging of the helicopter and the free falling of the load with the load-carrying device can be absorbed by the plate spring assembly 27 in a spring-elastic manner, with impacts in the other direction also being absorbed by the elastic ring 24.
  • the rod 12 is still in its locked position 12 '. It was pressed into this position by the spring 13, the rack section 33 having rotated the gear 31 so that the drive member 32 is in the position 32 '. With this actuation, there was a rotationally fixed connection between gear 31 and drive member 32.
  • the load hook 3 in FIGS. 1 and 3 is pivoted clockwise in the manner explained at the beginning, so that the hook jaw 8 is released and the load disengages from the Hook 3 arrives.
  • the actuating arm 5 moves into its position 5 '.
  • the drive member 32 is in its position 32 '.
  • the drive member 32 pivots counterclockwise without moving the gear 31 because in this direction of rotation, a freewheel between gear 31 and drive member 32 is effective.
  • the roller 34 comes into its position 34 ', and the rod 12 is still in its locking position 12'.
  • the gas spring 11 presses the actuating arm 5 and thus also the load hook 3 back into the position shown in full lines in FIG. 3.
  • the roller 34 strikes the drive element located in the position 32 'and pivots it into the position shown with solid lines.
  • the bar designed as a rod 12 is thus moved into its non-operating position, while the load hook 3 is moved into its operating position.
  • the projection 17 of the retaining element 16 snaps back into the annular groove 15 according to FIG. 1.
  • the load hook 3 is now ready to accept a new load, since the pawl 9 in FIG. 1 can be pivoted upwards so far that the hook jaw 8 is completely free.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)
  • Hooks, Suction Cups, And Attachment By Adhesive Means (AREA)
  • Developing Agents For Electrophotography (AREA)
  • Escalators And Moving Walkways (AREA)
  • Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
  • Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)

Abstract

PCT No. PCT/CH90/00185 Sec. 371 Date May 29, 1992 Sec. 102(e) Date May 29, 1992 PCT Filed Aug. 1, 1990 PCT Pub. No. WO91/01934 PCT Pub. Date Feb. 21, 1991.In order to release the load the load hook of the apparatus is pivotable downwards. The stop pawl located in the mouth of the load hook is form-closed arrestable. The load hook is freely rotatable relative to the load rope around the axis of the load rope and is spring elastically supported in the load rope axis. The apparatus is specifically suitable for use with helicopters.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Lasttragvorrichtung nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a load carrying device according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Eine solche Vorrichtung ist durch die GB-A-1,182,603 bekannt. Bei dieser Vorrichtung wird der Riegel lastabhängig gegen die Kraft einer Feder in seine Verriegelungsstellung gebracht. Wenn der Hubschrauber plötzlich durchsackt und das Lastseil nicht mehr belastet ist, arbeitet die Vorrichtung gleich als wenn die Last am Boden abgestellt worden wäre; die Feder drückt den Riegel in seine Entriegelungsstellung und die Sperrklinke gibt das Hakenmaul frei, so dass die Last aus dem Lasthaken gelangen kann, gleichgültig, ob der Lasthaken selbst verschwenkt oder mittels einer gesonderten Einrichtung verschwenkt werden kann. Diese bekannte Vorrichtung ist deshalb für einen Hubschrauber nicht geeignet.Such a device is known from GB-A-1,182,603. In this device, the bolt is brought into its locking position depending on the load against the force of a spring. If the helicopter suddenly sags and the load rope is no longer loaded, the device works immediately as if the load had been placed on the ground; the spring presses the bolt into its unlocked position and the pawl releases the hook jaw so that the load can get out of the load hook, regardless of whether the load hook itself can be pivoted or pivoted using a separate device. This known device is therefore not suitable for a helicopter.

Es wird bereits eine Lasttragvorrichtung für einen Hubschrauber auf dem Markt angeboten. Die im Hakenmaul liegende Sperrklinke ist dabei federbelastet und genügt den Anforderungen bei einem problemlosen Flug. Sackt der Hubschrauber aber mit seiner Last plötzlich durch, so kann das Lastseil locker hängen, die mittels Feder in der Sperrlage liegende Sperrklinke von aussen her verdrängen und damit das Hakenmaul öffnen, wodurch eine kritische Situation entstehen kann.A load carrying device for a helicopter is already on the market. The pawl in the hook jaw is spring-loaded and meets the requirements for a problem-free flight. However, if the helicopter suddenly slumps with its load, the load rope can hang loosely, displace the pawl located in the locked position by means of a spring from the outside, and thus open the hook mouth, which can result in a critical situation.

Durch die US-A-1,667,957 ist bereits eine Lasttragvorrichtung bekannt, bei der die Sperrklinke für das Hakenmaul in ihrer Sperrstellung formschlüssig verriegelt wird, wenn die Last angehängt ist, so dass also beim Durchsacken eines Hubschraubers und damit Entlasten des Lastseiles das Hakenmaul nicht geöffnet werden würde. Bei dieser bekannten Lasttragvorrichtung ist aber der Lasthaken am Vorrichtungsgehäuse nicht schwenkbar angelenkt, so dass also in einer Notsituation die Last nicht vom Lasthaken abgeworfen werden könnte, so dass diese bekannte Vorrichtung für eine Verwendung durch einen Hubschrauber nicht geeignet ist.A load carrying device is already known from US-A-1,667,957, in which the pawl for the hook jaw is positively locked in its locked position when the load is attached, so that when a helicopter sinks and thus relieves the load cable, the hook jaw is not opened would. In this known load-bearing device, however, the load hook is not pivotably articulated on the device housing, so that in an emergency situation the load could not be thrown off the load hook, so that it is known Device is not suitable for use by a helicopter.

Es wird die Schaffung einer Lasttragvorrichtung bezweckt, bei der diese vorerwähnten Nachteile vermieden werden können.The aim is to create a load carrying device in which these aforementioned disadvantages can be avoided.

Die erfindungsgemässe Lasttragvorrichtung ergibt sich durch den kennzeichnenden Teil des Patentanspruchs 1.The load carrying device according to the invention results from the characterizing part of patent claim 1.

Bei dieser erfindungsgemässen Vorrichtung wird nunmehr die Sperrklinke formschlüssig in ihrer Sperrstellung gehalten und auf Wunsch, z.B. in einer Notsituation, kann der Lasthaken so verschwenkt werden, dass die Last vom Lasthaken abgeworfen wird.In this device according to the invention, the pawl is now held positively in its locked position and, if desired, e.g. in an emergency situation, the load hook can be swiveled so that the load is thrown off the load hook.

In der Zeichnung ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel des Erfindungsgegenstandes dargestellt. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 eine Seitenansicht, teilweise aufgebrochen, des unteren Teiles der Lasttragvorrichtung, ohne Lastseil,
  • Fig. 2 ein Detail der in Fig. 1 gezeigten Vorrichtung, in vergrösserter Darstellung und um 90° gedreht, mit angedeutetem Lastseil, und
  • Fig. 3 eine gleiche Ansicht wie die in Fig. 1, bei vertikal geöffnetem Vorrichtungsgehäuse, wobei die Sperrklinke weggelassen worden ist.
In the drawing, an embodiment of the subject matter of the invention is shown. Show it:
  • 1 is a side view, partially broken away, of the lower part of the load carrying device, without a load rope,
  • Fig. 2 shows a detail of the device shown in Fig. 1, in an enlarged view and rotated by 90 °, with indicated load rope, and
  • Fig. 3 is a same view as that in Fig. 1, with the device housing opened vertically, the pawl has been omitted.

Die Lasttragvorrichtung hat ein Vorrichtungsgehäuse 1 mit der Aussenkontur 2. An Gehäuse 1 ist ein Lasthaken 3 um die Achse 4 schwenkbar angelenkt. Der Lasthaken 3 ist drehfest mit einem Betätigungsarm 5 verbunden, der somit ebenfalls um die Achse 4 schwenkbar ist. Die Vorrichtung hat eine angedeutete Anschlussstelle 6 für ein Lastseil 7. Aus Fig. 1 ist ersichtlich, dass beim Hakenmaul 8 eine Sperrklinke 9 liegt, die in nicht dargestellter Weise durch eine Feder in die das Hakenmaul 8 verschliessende Sperrstellung gemäss Fig. 1 gedrückt wird, wobei die Sperrklinke um die Stelle 10 schwenkbar ist. In den Figuren 1 und 3 befindet sich der Lasthaken 3 in seiner Betriebsstellung, in der er also eine Last tragen kann. Es ist eine nicht dargestellte Einrichtung zum ferngesteuerten Schwenken des Lasthakens 3 in seine Nicht-Betriebsstellung vorhanden, wobei also das Hakenmaul 8 geöffnet wird und die Last vom Lasthaken 3 abgegeben wird. Diese vorerwähnte Einrichtung ist bekannt und nicht dargestellt. Es soll hierzu nur so viel gesagt werden, dass über die Fernsteuerung elektrische Signale zu Magneten gegeben werden, die ein Sperrgestänge bewegen, das ein Sperrorgan entfernt, das vorher als Gegenhalter in Richtung des Pfeiles A am Betätigungsarm 5 wirksam ist. Fällt nun dieser Gegenhalter A weg, so schwenkt der Lasthaken 3 im Uhrzeigersinn, und der Betätigungsarm 5 nimmt die strichpunktierte Stellung 5' ein. Dieses Bewegen des Betätigungsarms 5 erfolgt gegen die Kraft einer Gasfeder 11. Durch Entspannen dieser Gasfeder geht dann der Lasthaken wieder in seine dargestellte Betriebsstellung zurück. Der vorerwähnte Aufbau der Lasttragvorrichtung ist bereits bekannt.The load-bearing device has a device housing 1 with the outer contour 2. A load hook 3 is pivoted on the housing 1 about the axis 4. The load hook 3 is non-rotatably connected to an actuating arm 5, which is thus also pivotable about the axis 4. The device has an indicated connection point 6 for a load rope 7. From FIG. 1 it can be seen that there is a pawl 9 in the hook mouth 8, which is pressed in a manner not shown by a spring into the locking position closing the hook mouth 8 according to FIG. 1, the pawl around position 10 is pivotable. In Figures 1 and 3, the load hook 3 is in its operating position, in which it can therefore carry a load. There is a device, not shown, for remote-controlled pivoting of the load hook 3 into its non-operating position, the hook jaw 8 is thus opened and the load is released by the load hook 3. This aforementioned device is known and not shown. There is only so much to be said about this that electrical signals are given to magnets via the remote control, which move a locking rod which removes a locking element which previously acts as a counter-holder in the direction of arrow A on the actuating arm 5. If this counterholder A now falls away, the load hook 3 pivots clockwise and the actuating arm 5 assumes the dash-dotted position 5 '. This movement of the actuating arm 5 takes place against the force of a gas spring 11. By relaxing this gas spring, the load hook then returns to the operating position shown. The aforementioned structure of the load carrying device is already known.

Aus Fig. 1 ist ersichtlich, dass sich im Vorrichtungsgehäuse 1 ein hin- und herbewegbarer Riegel in Form einer Stange 12 befindet. Diese Stange ist axial verschiebbar und befindet sich mit voll ausgezogenen Linien in Fig. 1 in ihrer Nicht-Betriebsstellung und mit strichpunktierter Linie in ihrer Betriebsstellung 12'. Die Stange 12 wird axial von einer Feder 13 belastet, die das Bestreben hat, die Stange 12 in Fig. 1 nach rechts in die Verriegelungsstellung 12' (Betriebsstellung) zu schieben. Diese Feder 13 stützt sich also einerends an der Stange 12 und andererends über einen Gewindezapfen 14 am Gehäuse 1 ab. Die Stange hat eine Ringnut 15, in die ein Rückhalteorgan 16 mit seinem federbelasteten Vorsprung 17 einrastbar ist, wie es in Figuren 1 und 2 gezeigt ist. Das Rückhalteorgan 16 hat einen untenliegenden Tragzapfen 18 und oben ein gegabeltes Ende 19 für die Anschlussstelle 6 des Lastseils 7. Zwischen dem Tragzapfen 18 und dem gegabelten Ende 19 weist das Rückhalteorgan 16 einen zylindrischen Teil 20 auf, der im Vorrichtungsgehäuse 1 um die Achse 21 drehbar gelagert ist. Hierzu sind zwei Wälzlager 22 und 23 vorhanden. Unter dem Wälzlager 22 befindet sich ein elastischer Ring 24, und es sind noch ein Distanzring 25 sowie ein Abdichtring 26 vorhanden. Das Rückhalteorgan 16 mit Anschlussstelle 6 ist gegenüber dem Vorrichtungsgehäuse 1 gegen die Kraft einer zweiten Feder 27 (Tellerfederpaket) im vertikaler Richtung, also in Richtung der Achse 21, verschiebbar gelagert, wobei der zylindrische Teil 20 in Fig. 2 vom Wälzlager 22 nach oben abhebt. Das Rückhalteorgan 16 ist hierbei über eine Mutter 28 und das Wälzlager 23 am Tellerfederpaket 27 abgestützt. Im unteren Ende des Tragzapfens 18 sitzt der als Stift ausgebildete Vorsprung 17, der durch eine Feder 29 nach unten gegen eine Büchse 30 gedrückt wird. Der Tragzapfen 18 liegt also innerhalb der zweiten Feder 27 (Tellerfederpaket). Ueber die beiden Wälzlager 22 und 23 ist das Vorrichtungsgehäuse 1 gegenüber der Lastseil-Anschlussstelle 6 und damit gegenüber dem Rückhalteorgan 16 frei drehbar um die Achse 21. Durch das Tellerfederpaket 27 ist weiterhin das Vorrichtungsgehäuse 1 gegenüber der Lastseil-Anschlussstelle 6 in der Längsachse 21 federnd gelagert.From Fig. 1 it can be seen that there is a reciprocating bolt in the form of a rod 12 in the device housing 1. This rod is axially displaceable and is in its non-operating position with solid lines in Fig. 1 and in its operating position 12 'with a dash-dotted line. The rod 12 is axially loaded by a spring 13 which tends to push the rod 12 to the right into the locking position 12 '(operating position) in FIG. 1. This spring 13 is therefore supported at one end on the rod 12 and at the other end via a threaded pin 14 on the housing 1. The rod has an annular groove 15 into which a retaining member 16 can be snapped with its spring-loaded projection 17, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. The retaining member 16 has a support pin 18 located at the bottom and a forked end 19 at the top for the connection point 6 of the load cable 7. The retaining member 16 has a cylindrical part between the support pin 18 and the forked end 19 20, which is rotatably mounted in the device housing 1 about the axis 21. For this purpose, two roller bearings 22 and 23 are available. There is an elastic ring 24 below the roller bearing 22, and there is also a spacer ring 25 and a sealing ring 26. The retaining member 16 with connection point 6 is mounted so that it can be displaced in the vertical direction, that is to say in the direction of the axis 21, in relation to the device housing 1 against the force of a second spring 27 (plate spring assembly), the cylindrical part 20 lifting up from the roller bearing 22 in FIG. 2 . The retaining member 16 is supported on the plate spring assembly 27 via a nut 28 and the roller bearing 23. In the lower end of the support pin 18 sits the projection 17, which is designed as a pin and is pressed downward by a spring 29 against a bush 30. The support pin 18 is therefore within the second spring 27 (plate spring assembly). Via the two roller bearings 22 and 23, the device housing 1 is freely rotatable about the axis 21 with respect to the load cable connection point 6 and thus with respect to the retaining element 16 stored.

Im Vorrichtungsgehäuse 1 ist ein Zahnrad 31 drehbar gelagert, wobei am Zahnrad 31 ein Antriebsorgan 32 in Form einer Klinke angebracht ist. In der einen Drehrichtung des Zahnrades ist dieses mit dem Antriebsorgan 32 drehfest verbunden und in der anderen Drehrichtung ist ein Freilauf zwischen Zahnrad 31 und Antriebsorgan 32 wirksam. Die Stange 12 hat einen in Fig. 1 gezeigten Zahnstangenabschnitt 33, der mit dem Zahnrad 31 kämmt. Aus Fig. 3 ist ersichtlich, dass der Betätigungsarm 5 eine Rolle 34 trägt, die in später erläuterter Weise mit dem Antriebsorgan 32 in Eingriff kommt, wenn sich dieses in der Stellung 32' befindet. Befindet sich der Betätigungsarm 5 in seiner Stellung 5', so befindet sich die Rolle 34 in ihrer Stellung 34' nach Fig. 3.A gear 31 is rotatably mounted in the device housing 1, a drive member 32 in the form of a pawl being attached to the gear 31. In one direction of rotation of the gearwheel, it is connected to the drive member 32 in a rotationally fixed manner, and in the other direction of rotation a freewheel between the gearwheel 31 and drive member 32 is effective. The rod 12 has a rack section 33 shown in FIG. 1 which meshes with the gear wheel 31. From Fig. 3 it can be seen that the actuating arm 5 carries a roller 34 which, in a manner explained later, comes into engagement with the drive element 32 when it is in the position 32 '. Located the actuating arm 5 in its position 5 ', the roller 34 is in its position 34' according to FIG. 3.

Die Arbeitsweise mit der erläuterten Vorrichtung ist folgendermassen:
   In der Betriebsstellung der Vorrichtung befindet sich der Lasthaken 3 in der gezeigten Stellung nach den Figuren 1 und 3. Da das Lastseil 7 noch nicht belastet ist, da im Lasthaken 3 noch keine Last hängt, befindet sich die gesamte Vorrichtung in der Stellung nach Fig. 1, d.h. die Stange 12 befindet sich in ihrer Nicht-Betriebsstellung (Nicht-Verriegelungsstellung), da der Vorsprung 17 des Rückhalteorgans 16 in der Ringnut 15 liegt, so dass die Feder 13 die Stange 12 nicht in die Stellung nach Fig. 12' drücken kann. Die Sperrklinke 9 kann somit in Fig. 1 nach oben geschwenkt werden, so dass das Hakenmaul 8 frei ist, um eine Last in den Haken 3 einzuhängen. Die Sperrklinke 9 geht dann federbelastet wieder in die in Fig. 1 gezeigte Stellung zurück. Wenn nunmehr diese am Haken 3 hängende Last durch den Hubschrauber vom Boden abgehoben wird und diese Last so gross ist, dass das Tellerfederpaket 27 zusammengedrückt wird, wird das Rückhalteorgan 16 mit Vorsprung 17 in Fig. 1 nach oben bewegt und gelangt ausser Eingriff mit der Stange 12. Nunmehr drückt die Feder 13 die Stange 12 in die Verriegelungsstellung 12'. Die Sperrklinke 9 kann nunmehr nicht mehr in Fig. 1 nach oben schwenken, da sie an der in der Stellung 12' befindlichen Stange anschlägt. Das Hakenmaul 8 bleibt somit verschlossen. Der Hubschrauber befördert nunmehr die am Haken 3 hängende Last zur gewünschten Stelle, wobei sich die Last mit dem Vorrichtungsgehäuse 1 mittels des Wälzlagers 23 gegenüber der Lastseil-Anschlussstelle 6 frei drehen kann. Der zylindrische Teil 20 vom Rückhalteorgan 16 ist hierbei vom Wälzlager 22 abgehoben. Wenn nunmehr der Hubschrauber plötzlich durchsackt und das Lastseil 7 nicht mehr belastet ist, entspannt sich das Tellerfederpaket 27 und das Rückhalteorgan 16 geht gegenüber dem Vorrichtungsgehäuse 1 nach unten, wobei der Vorsprung 17 auf die Mantelfläche der Stange 12 trifft und nunmehr durch Zusammendrücken der Feder 29 nach innen ausweichen kann. Da weiterhin die Stange 12 sich in ihrer Stellung 12' befindet, kann auch nicht die am Haken 3 hängende Last (und auch nicht das schlaff gewordene Lastseil 7) von aussen her in das Hakenmaul 8 eindringen, so dass auch nicht die Last aus dem Haken 3 gelangen kann. Das Durchsacken des Hubschraubers und das freie Fallen der Last mit der Lasttragvorrichtung kann federelastisch durch das Tellerfederpaket 27 aufgefangen werden, wobei auch Schläge in der anderen Richtung durch den elastischen Ring 24 aufgefangen werden.The method of operation with the device explained is as follows:
In the operating position of the device, the load hook 3 is in the position shown in FIGS. 1 and 3. Since the load cable 7 is not yet loaded, since there is no load in the load hook 3, the entire device is in the position shown in FIG. 1, ie the rod 12 is in its non-operating position (non-locking position), since the projection 17 of the retaining element 16 lies in the annular groove 15, so that the spring 13 does not press the rod 12 into the position according to FIG. 12 ' can. The pawl 9 can thus be pivoted upward in FIG. 1, so that the hook mouth 8 is free to hang a load in the hook 3. The pawl 9 then returns spring-loaded to the position shown in FIG. 1. If now this load hanging on the hook 3 is lifted off the ground by the helicopter and this load is so great that the plate spring assembly 27 is compressed, the retaining element 16 with the projection 17 is moved upwards in FIG. 1 and disengages from the rod 12. Now the spring 13 presses the rod 12 into the locking position 12 '. The pawl 9 can now no longer pivot in Fig. 1, since it strikes the rod in position 12 '. The hook mouth 8 thus remains closed. The helicopter now conveys the load hanging on the hook 3 to the desired point, the load with the device housing 1 being able to rotate freely by means of the roller bearing 23 relative to the load cable connection point 6. The cylindrical part 20 of the retaining member 16 is lifted off the roller bearing 22. If the helicopter suddenly sagged and the load cable 7 is no longer loaded, the plate spring assembly 27 relaxes and the retaining element 16 goes down relative to the device housing 1, the projection 17 hitting the lateral surface of the rod 12 and can now deflect inward by compressing the spring 29. Since the rod 12 is still in its position 12 ', the load hanging on the hook 3 (and also not the slack load rope 7) cannot penetrate into the hook mouth 8 from the outside, so that the load does not come out of the hook 3 can reach. The sagging of the helicopter and the free falling of the load with the load-carrying device can be absorbed by the plate spring assembly 27 in a spring-elastic manner, with impacts in the other direction also being absorbed by the elastic ring 24.

Die Stange 12 befindet sich nach wie vor in ihrer Verriegelungsstellung 12'. Sie wurde in diese Stellung durch die Feder 13 gedrückt, wobei der Zahnstangenabschnitt 33 das Zahnrad 31 so verdreht hat, dass sich das Antriebsorgan 32 in der Stellung 32' befindet. Bei dieser Betätigung war also eine drehfeste Verbindung zwischen Zahnrad 31 und Antriebsorgan 32 vorhanden.The rod 12 is still in its locked position 12 '. It was pressed into this position by the spring 13, the rack section 33 having rotated the gear 31 so that the drive member 32 is in the position 32 '. With this actuation, there was a rotationally fixed connection between gear 31 and drive member 32.

Wenn nunmehr der Hubschrauber durch Fernsteuerung die Last vom Lasthaken 3 abgeben will, so wird in der eingangs erläuterten Weise über Fernsteuerung der Lasthaken 3 in den Figuren 1 und 3 im Uhrzeigersinn geschwenkt, so dass das Hakenmaul 8 freigegeben wird und die Last ausser Eingriff mit dem Haken 3 gelangt. Beim nach unten Schwenken des Hakens 3 gelangt der Betätigungsarm 5 in seine Stellung 5'. Im Bewegungsweg der Rolle 34 liegt das Antriebsorgan 32 in seiner Stellung 32'. Das Antriebsorgan 32 schwenkt hierbei entgegen dem Uhrzeigersinn ohne Bewegung des Zahnrades 31, da in dieser Drehrichtung ein Freilauf zwischen Zahnrad 31 und Antriebsorgan 32 wirksam ist. Die Rolle 34 gelangt in ihre Stellung 34', und die Stange 12 befindet sich weiterhin in ihrer Verriegelungsstellung 12'. Nach Abgeben der Last drückt die Gasfeder 11 den Betätigungsarm 5 und damit auch den Lasthaken 3 wieder in die in Fig. 3 mit vollausgezogenen Linien gezeigte Stellung. Die Rolle 34 schlägt hierbei auf das in der Stellung 32' befindliche Antriebsorgan und schwenkt dieses in die mit vollausgezogenen Linien gezeigte Stellung. Hierbei ist eine drehfeste Verbindung zwischen Antriebsorgan 32 und Zahnrad 31 vorhanden, so dass hierdurch das Zahnrad 31 gedreht wird und die Stange 12 in ihre Nicht-Betriebsstellung gegen die Kraft der Feder 13 bewegt wird. Der als Stange 12 ausgebildete Riegel wird also in seine Nicht-Betriebsstellung bewegt, während der Lasthaken 3 in seine Betriebsstellung bewegt wird. In der Nicht-Betriebsstellung der Stange 12 nach Fig. 1 und bei abgegebener Last schnappt der Vorsprung 17 des Rückhalteorgans 16 wieder in die Ringnut 15 nach Fig. 1 ein. Der Lasthaken 3 ist nunmehr bereit, eine neue Last aufzunehmen, da die Sperrklinke 9 in Fig. 1 so weit nach oben geschwenkt werden kann, dass das Hakenmaul 8 ganz frei ist.If the helicopter now wants to deliver the load from the load hook 3 by remote control, the load hook 3 in FIGS. 1 and 3 is pivoted clockwise in the manner explained at the beginning, so that the hook jaw 8 is released and the load disengages from the Hook 3 arrives. When the hook 3 is pivoted downward, the actuating arm 5 moves into its position 5 '. In the movement path of the roller 34, the drive member 32 is in its position 32 '. The drive member 32 pivots counterclockwise without moving the gear 31 because in this direction of rotation, a freewheel between gear 31 and drive member 32 is effective. The roller 34 comes into its position 34 ', and the rod 12 is still in its locking position 12'. After releasing the load, the gas spring 11 presses the actuating arm 5 and thus also the load hook 3 back into the position shown in full lines in FIG. 3. The roller 34 strikes the drive element located in the position 32 'and pivots it into the position shown with solid lines. Here, there is a rotationally fixed connection between the drive member 32 and the gear 31, so that the gear 31 is thereby rotated and the rod 12 is moved into its non-operating position against the force of the spring 13. The bar designed as a rod 12 is thus moved into its non-operating position, while the load hook 3 is moved into its operating position. In the non-operating position of the rod 12 according to FIG. 1 and with the load released, the projection 17 of the retaining element 16 snaps back into the annular groove 15 according to FIG. 1. The load hook 3 is now ready to accept a new load, since the pawl 9 in FIG. 1 can be pivoted upwards so far that the hook jaw 8 is completely free.

Claims (9)

  1. Load carrying device, with a load hook (3) pivotably (4) linked onto the device casing (1), a connection point (6) for a load rope (7) and with a stop pawl (9) for a hook mouth (8), with a device for the remote controlled pivoting of the load hook (3) and thereby opening of the hook mouth (8) for the releasing of the load from the load hook (3), with a locking bar (12) reciprocatable in the device casing (1), which in its locking position (12') is located in the path of movement of the stop pawl (9) clearing the hook mouth (8), for prevention of the clearing of the hook mouth (8), characterized in that the locking bar (12) is designed as a bar loaded by a spring (13), whereby this spring (13) strives to move the locking bar (12) into the locking position (12'), with a load dependent retaining member (16, 17) adapted to engage the bar for a dislocation of the bar, whereby the retaining member (16, 17) is supported in the vertical direction (21) via a second spring (27) at the device casing (1).
  2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the second spring (27) is a cup spring pile which is supported at the one end at the device casing (1) and at the other end at the connection point (6) for the load rope (7), for a vertically springy support of the device casing (1) against the load rope connection point (6).
  3. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the retaining member (16) comprises a supporting stub (18) standing vertically inside of the second spring (27) which carries the connection point (6) for the load rope (7), and that the supporting stub (18) is supported in the device casing (1) for rotation around its longitudinal axis (21), for a freely rotatable support of the device casing (1) relative to the load rope connection point (6).
  4. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the pivotable load hook (3) comprises an operating arm (5), in the path of movement thereof a driving member (32) for the reciprocatably movable locking bar (12) is located, for a moving of the locking bar into its non-operating position upon a pivoting of the load hook (3) into its operating position.
  5. Device according to claims 1 and 4, characterized in that the bar (12) comprises a rack section (33) which is mounted to the driving member (32) to positively rotate therewith in the one sense of rotation, and where a free wheeling is active between gear wheel (31) and driving member (32) in the opposite sense of rotation.
  6. Device according to claims 1 and 3, characterized in that a spring loaded rod (17) sits in the vertical supporting stub (18) of the retaining member (16) which forms a spring loaded projection of the retaining member (16).
  7. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the vertical supporting stub (18) of the retaining member (16) is rotatably supported at the device casing (1) by roller bearings (22, 23).
  8. Device according to claims 3, 6 or 7, characterized in that the vertical supporting stub (18) comprises a forked upper end (19) for the connection point (6) of the load rope (7).
  9. Device according to claims 1 or 5, characterized in that the bar (12) comprises an annular groove (15) into which the retaining member (16, 17) can be latched, for prevention of the displacing of the bar (12) into its locking position (12').
EP90910515A 1989-08-04 1990-08-01 Load hook device Expired - Lifetime EP0444161B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH289589 1989-08-04
CH2895/89 1989-08-04
PCT/CH1990/000185 WO1991001934A1 (en) 1989-08-04 1990-08-01 Load hook device

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0444161A1 EP0444161A1 (en) 1991-09-04
EP0444161B1 true EP0444161B1 (en) 1994-06-08

Family

ID=4244014

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90910515A Expired - Lifetime EP0444161B1 (en) 1989-08-04 1990-08-01 Load hook device

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US5267765A (en)
EP (1) EP0444161B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2783459B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE106849T1 (en)
CA (1) CA2038937C (en)
DE (1) DE59006055D1 (en)
DK (1) DK0444161T3 (en)
WO (1) WO1991001934A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19706426C2 (en) * 1996-10-01 2001-04-19 Klein Hans Juergen Device for a load hook that can be driven and opened / closed
US7506907B1 (en) * 2005-02-03 2009-03-24 Marler Joseph E Apparatus for the latching and unlatching of a load
KR101314840B1 (en) 2011-09-07 2013-10-04 주식회사 제이케이 Grapple apparatus for construction heavy equipment
US10625987B1 (en) 2019-04-25 2020-04-21 Toyota Motor North America, Inc. Engine pick end effectors and methods of raising and lowering vehicle engines using engine pick end effectors
CN112193995B (en) * 2020-09-25 2022-09-30 中国直升机设计研究所 Quick-release rotary lifting hook of helicopter life-saving winch

Family Cites Families (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2732246A (en) * 1956-01-24 Self releasing hook
US1667957A (en) * 1926-10-06 1928-05-01 D & B Pump And Supply Company Hoisting hook
US2116880A (en) * 1935-08-27 1938-05-10 Harold D Dee Self locking cable hook
US2131445A (en) * 1937-03-02 1938-09-27 Western Union Telegraph Co Releasing gear
US2421152A (en) * 1942-03-10 1947-05-27 Gq Parachute Comp Ltd Load coupling device for parachutes
US2422839A (en) * 1945-08-17 1947-06-24 James J Maskey Release coupling for parachutes
US2667376A (en) * 1950-07-21 1954-01-26 Fred W Schlachter Parachute quick release coupling
FR63936E (en) * 1953-03-16 1955-10-14 Realisations Et D Etudes Nouve Device for releasing a suspended load
US3056624A (en) * 1960-03-07 1962-10-02 Romeo M Nardone Cargo hook device
US3224803A (en) * 1963-05-20 1965-12-21 Aeroquip Corp Cargo hook
GB1182603A (en) * 1966-03-09 1970-02-25 Parsons Chain Company Ltd Self-Releasing Load Sensing Hook
US4530535A (en) * 1983-09-26 1985-07-23 Cranston Machinery Company, Inc. Cargo hook
US4539732A (en) * 1984-01-30 1985-09-10 D B Industries, Inc. Double locking safety snap

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK0444161T3 (en) 1994-10-10
DE59006055D1 (en) 1994-07-14
US5267765A (en) 1993-12-07
JP2783459B2 (en) 1998-08-06
JPH04506333A (en) 1992-11-05
ATE106849T1 (en) 1994-06-15
CA2038937C (en) 1997-10-14
CA2038937A1 (en) 1991-02-05
WO1991001934A1 (en) 1991-02-21
EP0444161A1 (en) 1991-09-04

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