EP0442088B1 - Process for the oxidation of water insoluble organic compounds - Google Patents
Process for the oxidation of water insoluble organic compounds Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0442088B1 EP0442088B1 EP90124224A EP90124224A EP0442088B1 EP 0442088 B1 EP0442088 B1 EP 0442088B1 EP 90124224 A EP90124224 A EP 90124224A EP 90124224 A EP90124224 A EP 90124224A EP 0442088 B1 EP0442088 B1 EP 0442088B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- bar
- chlorinated
- oxidised
- phase
- autoclave
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 title claims description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 2
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 title 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 150000008280 chlorinated hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 150000004826 dibenzofurans Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Dichloroethane Chemical compound CC(Cl)Cl SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- FOIBFBMSLDGNHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3,4,6,7,8,9-Octachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound ClC1=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2OC3=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C3OC2=C1Cl FOIBFBMSLDGNHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000004827 dibenzo-1,4-dioxins Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 3
- UGNWTBMOAKPKBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloro-1,4-benzoquinone Chemical compound ClC1=C(Cl)C(=O)C(Cl)=C(Cl)C1=O UGNWTBMOAKPKBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- RHIROFAGUQOFLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3,4,6,7,8,9-Octachlorodibenzofuran Chemical compound ClC1=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2C3=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C3OC2=C1Cl RHIROFAGUQOFLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002957 persistent organic pollutant Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 6
- NCKMMSIFQUPKCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-benzyl-4-chlorophenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1CC1=CC=CC=C1 NCKMMSIFQUPKCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001784 detoxification Methods 0.000 description 1
- TXCDCPKCNAJMEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzofuran Chemical class C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3OC2=C1 TXCDCPKCNAJMEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002013 dioxins Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002240 furans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000383 hazardous chemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006303 photolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015843 photosynthesis, light reaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003071 polychlorinated biphenyls Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- -1 polyethylene glycolates Polymers 0.000 description 1
- QLUMLEDLZDMGDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;1h-naphthalen-1-ide Chemical compound [Na+].[C-]1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 QLUMLEDLZDMGDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D3/00—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances
- A62D3/30—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by reacting with chemical agents
- A62D3/38—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by reacting with chemical agents by oxidation; by combustion
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D2101/00—Harmful chemical substances made harmless, or less harmful, by effecting chemical change
- A62D2101/20—Organic substances
- A62D2101/22—Organic substances containing halogen
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D2101/00—Harmful chemical substances made harmless, or less harmful, by effecting chemical change
- A62D2101/20—Organic substances
- A62D2101/28—Organic substances containing oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium, i.e. chalcogen
Definitions
- the invention relates to a process for breaking down water-insoluble chlorinated hydrocarbons according to claim 1.
- Radiolytic destruction (Singh, A, et al .: Radiat. Phys. Chem. 24 (1985) 11) and decomposition in supercritical water (Freeman, HM and Oletsey, RA: J. Air Pollut. Control Assoc. 36 (1986) 11, 1, p. 67) are also processes that require a very high technical outlay.
- water-insoluble chlorinated hydrocarbons can be largely degraded if these compounds are mixed with nitric acid and heated to temperatures of 150 ° C. to 350 ° C. at pressures from 6 bar to 350 bar.
- Is preferably carried out at a temperature between 250 and 310 ° C. Degradation of the substances can then be achieved in a short reaction time, and the pressure required to maintain a liquid phase should not be unnecessarily high.
- the minimum operating pressure is preferably approximately 30 bar and at a temperature of 320 ° C 100 bar.
- the concentration of the nitric acid used for the oxidation can vary within wide limits. A 20 to 70% acid is preferably used. However, the use of more concentrated acid is also possible.
- the reaction time depends on the temperature, the nitric acid concentration and the mixing of the Components. Of particular importance is the observation that even when the autoclave tests are not mixed, the organic substance decomposes with nitric acid, even if it proceeds more slowly than with intensive stirring.
- the process according to the invention can be carried out either continuously or batchwise.
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Treatment Of Water By Oxidation Or Reduction (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Abbau wasserunlöslicher chlorierter Kohlenwasserstoffe gemäß dem Anspruch 1.The invention relates to a process for breaking down water-insoluble chlorinated hydrocarbons according to claim 1.
Die Beseitigung organischer Abfälle verursacht in vielen Fällen, besonders wenn diese Substanzen Elemente wie Halogene, Schwefel, Phosphor u.dgl. enthielten, große Schwierigkeiten. Bei der häufig benutzten Verbrennung als Entsorgungsmaßnahme müssen z.B. aus den Verbrennungsgasen die Abbauprodukte dieser Elemente mit erheblichem Aufwand ausgewaschen werden. Besondere Schwierigkeiten entstehen dann, wenn die Verbrennung zur Bildung der chlorierten Benzodioxine und Di-benzofurane führt und diese Verbindungen praktisch vollständig entfernt werden müssen.The disposal of organic waste causes in many cases, especially when these substances include elements such as halogens, sulfur, phosphorus and the like. contained great difficulty. In the case of the frequently used incineration as a disposal measure, the decomposition products of these elements have to be washed out of the incineration gases with considerable effort. Particular difficulties arise when the combustion leads to the formation of the chlorinated benzodioxins and di-benzofurans and these compounds have to be removed virtually completely.
Große Probleme entstehen bei der Entgiftung von polychlorierten Biphenylen und Dibenzodioxinen, für deren Abbau eine Vielzahl, in der Regel komplizierte und aufwendige Verfahren entwickelt worden sind. Beispiele hierfür sind die Hochtemperaturverbrennung (Kokoszka, I., und Kuntz, G.: Methods of PCB Disposal, PCB Seminar Sept. 20, 1983, Netherlands, Ministry of Housing and Environment), welche besondere Maßnahmen erfordert, um allen Gasmolekülen eine ausreichende Verweilzeit bei hohen Temperaturen zu ermöglichen. Eine Photolyse (Esposito, M.P., et al.: Dioxins, EPA-Report 600-2-80-197, Nov. 1980) besitzt den gravierenden Nachteil, daß alle zu zerstörenden Moleküle vom Licht getroffen werden müssen. Eine Natriumbehandlung (Goodyear Tire and Rubber Co.: A Safe, ETH Chemical Disposal Method for PCB's, Research Lab., Report 1980) oder die Reaktionen mit Natriumnaphthalenid (Smith, J.G. et al.; J. chem. Technol. Biotechnol 30 (1080) 620) oder mit Alkalimetallpolyethylenglykolaten (Pytlewski, L.I. et al.: Mid Atl. Waste Conf. (Proc.) 1979, 11, 97 C.A. 94 (1981) 14, 108 583) erfordern den nicht einfachen Umgang mit metallischem Natrium. Katalytische Verfahren (Bayer, S.K. et al., Tetrahedron Letters 26, 19 3677) sind nur dann wirtschaftlich, wenn es gelingt, Katalysatoren mit langer Lebensdauer zu entwickeln. Eine Forderung, die häufig nicht oder nur unvollkommen zu erfüllen ist, besonders dann, wenn es sich um verschmutzte Abfallstoffe handelt. Eine radiolytische Zerstörung (Singh, A, et al.: Radiat. Phys. Chem. 24 (1985) 11) und Zersetzung in überkritischem Wasser (Freeman, H.M. und Oletsey, R.A.: J. Air Pollut. Control Assoc. 36 (1986) 11, 1, S. 67) sind ebenfalls Verfahren, die einen sehr hohen technischen Aufwand erfordern.Major problems arise in the detoxification of polychlorinated biphenyls and dibenzodioxins, for the degradation of which a large number, generally complicated and expensive, processes have been developed. Examples of this are high-temperature combustion (Kokoszka, I., and Kuntz, G .: Methods of PCB Disposal, PCB Seminar Sept. 20, 1983, Netherlands, Ministry of Housing and Environment), which requires special measures to ensure that all gas molecules have a sufficient residence time to allow at high temperatures. Photolysis (Esposito, MP, et al .: Dioxins, EPA Report 600-2-80-197, Nov. 1980) has the serious disadvantage that all molecules to be destroyed must be hit by the light. Sodium treatment (Goodyear Tire and Rubber Co .: A Safe, ETH Chemical Disposal Method for PCB's, Research Lab., Report 1980) or the reactions with sodium naphthalenide (Smith, JG et al .; J. chem. Technol. Biotechnol 30 (1080 ) 620) or with alkali metal polyethylene glycolates (Pytlewski, LI et al .: Mid Atl. Waste Conf. (Proc.) 1979, 11, 97 CA 94 (1981) 14, 108 583) require the difficult handling of metallic sodium. Catalytic processes (Bayer, SK et al., Tetrahedron Letters 26, 19 3677) are only economical if it is possible to develop long-life catalysts. A requirement that often cannot be met or can only be met incompletely, especially when it comes to contaminated waste. Radiolytic destruction (Singh, A, et al .: Radiat. Phys. Chem. 24 (1985) 11) and decomposition in supercritical water (Freeman, HM and Oletsey, RA: J. Air Pollut. Control Assoc. 36 (1986) 11, 1, p. 67) are also processes that require a very high technical outlay.
Es besteht nach wie vor das Bedürfnis nach einem wirtschaftlichen Entsorgungsverfahren für organische, wasserunlösliche Produkte, die Elemente außer C, H und O enthalten.There is still a need for an economical disposal method for organic, water-insoluble products that contain elements other than C, H and O.
Es wurde gefunden, daß man wasserunlösliche chlorierte Kohlenwasserstoffe weitgehend abbauen kann, wenn man diese Verbindungen mit Salpetersäure vermischt und bei Drucken von 6 bar bis 350 bar auf Temperaturen von 150°C bis 350°C erhitzt.It has been found that water-insoluble chlorinated hydrocarbons can be largely degraded if these compounds are mixed with nitric acid and heated to temperatures of 150 ° C. to 350 ° C. at pressures from 6 bar to 350 bar.
Vorzugsweise wird bei einer Temperatur zwischen 250 und 310°C gearbeitet. Ein Abbau der Substanzen läßt sich dann in einer kurzen Reaktionszeit verwirklichen, wobei der zur Aufrechterhaltung einer flüssigen Phase erforderliche Druck nicht unnötig hoch sein soll. Bei einer Temperatur von 250°C beträgt der minimale Betriebsdruck vorzugsweise ca. 30 bar und bei einer Temperatur von 320°C 100 bar.Is preferably carried out at a temperature between 250 and 310 ° C. Degradation of the substances can then be achieved in a short reaction time, and the pressure required to maintain a liquid phase should not be unnecessarily high. At a temperature of 250 ° C the minimum operating pressure is preferably approximately 30 bar and at a temperature of 320 ° C 100 bar.
Die Konzentration der zur Oxidation eingesetzten Salpetersäure kann in weiten Grenzen variieren. Vorzugsweise wird eine 20 bis 70 %ige Säure eingesetzt. Aber auch die Verwendung höherkonzentrierter Säure ist möglich.The concentration of the nitric acid used for the oxidation can vary within wide limits. A 20 to 70% acid is preferably used. However, the use of more concentrated acid is also possible.
Die Reaktionszeit hängt von der Temperatur, der Salpetersäurekonzentration und von der Durchmischung der Komponenten ab. Von besonderer Bedeutung ist die Beobachtung, daß auch bei nicht durchmischten Autoklavenversuchen ein Abbau der organischen Substanz mit Salpetersäure eintritt, wenn er auch langsamer abläuft als bei intensiver Rührung.The reaction time depends on the temperature, the nitric acid concentration and the mixing of the Components. Of particular importance is the observation that even when the autoclave tests are not mixed, the organic substance decomposes with nitric acid, even if it proceeds more slowly than with intensive stirring.
Um einen vollständigen Abbau der organischen Substanz zu erreichen, ist es zweckmäßig, einen Überschuß an Salpetersäure einzusetzen. 2 g HNO₃ (100 %ig) pro Gramm organischer Substanz bis 40 g/g können zum Abbau der Schadstoffe eingesetzt werden. Vorzugsweise werden 2,5 bis 7 g/g benutzt.In order to achieve a complete breakdown of the organic substance, it is advisable to use an excess of nitric acid. 2 g HNO₃ (100%) per gram of organic substance up to 40 g / g can be used to break down the pollutants. Preferably 2.5 to 7 g / g are used.
Mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren lassen sich organische Produkte vollkommen abbauen, ohne daß neue Gefahrenstoffe entstehen. Von besonderer Bedeutung ist die Fähigkeit selbst, die sehr beständigen chlorierten Dibenzodioxine und -furane zu zerstören.With the method according to the invention, organic products can be completely broken down without new hazardous substances being produced. Of particular importance is the ability itself to destroy the very stable chlorinated dibenzodioxins and furans.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren kann sowohl kontinuierlich als auch diskontinuierlich durchgeführt werden.The process according to the invention can be carried out either continuously or batchwise.
30 g Chlophen und 910 g 20 %ige Salpetersäure werden in einem Schüttelautoklaven aus Tantal bei einem Druck von 86 bar 2 Stunden auf 280°C erhitzt. Nach dem Abkühlen bleibt eine klare wäßrige Phase über. Die ursprünglich vorhandene ölige Chlophenphase ist völlig verschwunden. Die wäßrige Phase besitzt einen CSB-Wert von 2,4 g/l. In der wäßrigen Phase sind keine chlorierten Dibenzo-p-dioxine und Dibenzofurane nachweisbar.30 g of chlorophene and 910 g of 20% nitric acid are heated in a tantalum shaker autoclave at 280 bar for 2 hours at a pressure of 86 bar. After cooling, a clear aqueous phase remains. The original oily chlorophene phase has completely disappeared. The aqueous phase has a COD of 2.4 g / l. No chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans can be detected in the aqueous phase.
60 g Chlophen mit 44,8 Gew.-% organisch gebundenem Chlor wird mit 910 g 40 %iger Salpetersäure 4 Stunden auf 250°C im Autoklaven bei einem Druck von 46 bar erhitzt. Es resultiert eine einphasige wäßrige Lösung, aus der mit 5-facher Toluolextraktion Verbindungen abgetrennt werden können, die insgesamt noch 0,21 g organisch gebundenes Halogen enthalten. Dies entspricht einer organischen Halogen-Abbaurate von 99,2 %.60 g of chlorophene with 44.8% by weight of organically bound chlorine is heated with 910 g of 40% nitric acid for 4 hours at 250 ° C. in an autoclave at a pressure of 46 bar. The result is a single-phase aqueous solution from which 5-fold toluene extraction can be used to remove compounds which still contain a total of 0.21 g of organically bound halogen. This corresponds to an organic halogen degradation rate of 99.2%.
50 g 1,1-Dichlorethan werden mit 685 g 20 %iger Salpetersäure 2 Stunden auf 280°C bei einem Druck von 94 bar erhitzt. Nach dem Abkühlen resultiert eine klare, wäßrige Phase mit einem CSB-Gehalt von 1 g/l. Dichlorethan kann nicht nachgewiesen werden.50 g of 1,1-dichloroethane are heated with 685 g of 20% nitric acid to 280 ° C. for 2 hours at a pressure of 94 bar. After cooling, a clear, aqueous phase with a COD content of 1 g / l results. Dichloroethane cannot be detected.
5 g Chloranil mit einem Gehalt von 15 ppm Octachlordibenzo-p-dioxin (OCDD) und 1,2 ppm Octachlordibenzofuran wurde mit 910 g 20 %iger Salpetersäure 4 Stunden auf 280°C bei einem Druck von 106 bar erhitzt. Es resultierte eine einheitliche wäßrige Phase, in der weder Chloranil noch polychlorierte Dibenzo-p-dioxine oder polychlorierte Dibenzofurane nachweisbar waren.5 g of chloranil with a content of 15 ppm octachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (OCDD) and 1.2 ppm octachlorodibenzofuran was heated with 910 g 20% nitric acid at 280 ° C. for 4 hours at a pressure of 106 bar. The result was a uniform aqueous phase in which neither chloranil nor polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins or polychlorinated dibenzofurans were detectable.
30 g Chlophen und 960 g 20 %ige Salpetersäure werden in einem Autoklaven bei einem Druck von 111 bar ohne jede Durchmischung 2 h auf 280°C erhitzt. Beim Abkühlen resultiert nur eine wäßrige Phase, deren CSB-Wert 1,4 g/l beträgt.30 g of chlorophene and 960 g of 20% nitric acid are heated in an autoclave to 280 ° C. for 2 hours without any mixing at a pressure of 111 bar. On cooling, only an aqueous phase results, the COD value of which is 1.4 g / l.
Claims (4)
- A process for the degradation of water-insoluble chlorinated hydrocarbons, in which the hydrocarbons are oxidized with nitric acid at temperatures of 150 to 350°C and under pressures of 6 bar to 350 bar.
- A process as claimed in claim 1, in which the nitric acid is used in an excess of 2 g to 40 g and preferably 2.5 g to 7 g per gram organic substance.
- A process as claimed in claims 1 and 2, in which the oxidation is carried out in an autoclave under pressures of 30 bar to 100 bar.
- A process as claimed in claims 1 to 3, in which chlorinated dibenzodioxins and chlorinated dibenzofurans are oxidized.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4001782A DE4001782A1 (en) | 1990-01-23 | 1990-01-23 | Oxidn. of chlorinated organic pollutants - by reaction with nitric acid at high temp. and pressure |
| DE4001782 | 1990-01-23 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0442088A1 EP0442088A1 (en) | 1991-08-21 |
| EP0442088B1 true EP0442088B1 (en) | 1993-04-21 |
Family
ID=6398544
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP90124224A Expired - Lifetime EP0442088B1 (en) | 1990-01-23 | 1990-12-14 | Process for the oxidation of water insoluble organic compounds |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5174985A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0442088B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE88368T1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE4001782A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK0442088T3 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2055284T3 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4107972A1 (en) * | 1991-03-13 | 1992-09-17 | Basf Ag | PROCESS FOR REMOVING WATER CONTAINING AROMATIC NITRO COMPOUNDS |
| US5799257A (en) * | 1992-10-27 | 1998-08-25 | Lockheed Martin Idaho Technologies Company | Process for gamma ray induced degradation of polychlorinated biphenyls |
| US5454844A (en) * | 1993-10-29 | 1995-10-03 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Abrasive article, a process of making same, and a method of using same to finish a workpiece surface |
| US6973678B2 (en) | 2002-03-13 | 2005-12-13 | Jones Timothy B | Easily assembled specimen container |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BE793225A (en) * | 1971-12-22 | 1973-06-22 | Stamicarbon | RESIDUAL WATER TREATMENT PROCESS |
| NO762638L (en) * | 1975-09-15 | 1977-03-22 | Continental Oil Co | PROCEDURES FOR DECOMPOSITION OF HALOGENATED ORGANIC COMPOUNDS. |
| US4080168A (en) * | 1976-02-18 | 1978-03-21 | The Curators Of The University Of Missouri | Method and apparatus for the wet digestion of organic and biological samples |
| US4497782A (en) * | 1982-10-28 | 1985-02-05 | S. Garry Howell | Method for destroying toxic organic chemical products |
| US5019175A (en) * | 1989-05-11 | 1991-05-28 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator, Environmental Protection Agency | Method for the destruction of halogenated organic compounds in a contaminated medium |
| US4995916A (en) * | 1990-04-30 | 1991-02-26 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Method of recovering hazardous waste from phenolic resin filters |
-
1990
- 1990-01-23 DE DE4001782A patent/DE4001782A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1990-12-14 ES ES90124224T patent/ES2055284T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-12-14 EP EP90124224A patent/EP0442088B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-12-14 AT AT90124224T patent/ATE88368T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-12-14 DK DK90124224.8T patent/DK0442088T3/en active
- 1990-12-14 DE DE9090124224T patent/DE59001261D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1991
- 1991-01-16 US US07/642,105 patent/US5174985A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0442088A1 (en) | 1991-08-21 |
| ES2055284T3 (en) | 1994-08-16 |
| DE4001782A1 (en) | 1991-07-25 |
| DE59001261D1 (en) | 1993-05-27 |
| DK0442088T3 (en) | 1993-05-17 |
| ATE88368T1 (en) | 1993-05-15 |
| US5174985A (en) | 1992-12-29 |
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