EP0440177B1 - Shuttering for concrete construction - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a quiver formwork for concrete construction with the preamble of claim 1.

Such quiver formwork is known (GB-A-773 220). The known quiver formwork consists of two formwork elements, each of which is made at an angle from sheet steel by bending around a bending line with two legs and is connected to one another to form the quiver formwork. Profiles are provided for stiffening in each leg of the formwork elements, specifically in the form of indented ribs, which are each limited to the area of the leg in question and in particular end in front of the respective bending line.

Quiver formwork made of a formwork material with a corrugated sheet-like structure or with a corresponding profiling is also known. H. Corrugation that gives the material the required rigidity.

These known quiver formworks are used for. B. in the creation of individual foundations, foundation slabs or generally used in concrete parts where a recess for later connection of a column-like concrete element, for example, is to be kept free on a surface. These quiver formwork are essentially cuboid or hollow box-like with four circumferential wall sections adjoining one another at right angles and an upper and lower open side. The wall sections are made from a blank of the formwork material by angling and correspondingly connecting the two blank ends, the profiling or corrugation being perpendicular to the bending line or to the corners of the hollow box-type quiver formwork for the required rigidity. The well-known quiver formwork is delivered to the place of use in its fully formed state.

A major disadvantage is that it is difficult to bend or bend the corrugated formwork material transversely or perpendicularly to the profiling, which means that high forces are required for the production of the quiver formwork for this bending. Furthermore, the bending in any case leads to a widening of the material in the area of the bend due to the flattening of the corrugation at the relevant bending line, so that it is also extremely difficult to produce dimensionally accurate quiver formwork. In particular, an increase in the width of the formwork material in the area of a bending line is not permissible, particularly in the case of quiver formwork, which are intended to keep openings in a concrete component on a surface there for the connection of a later concrete component. It is not desirable for parts of the quiver formwork to protrude over this surface of the concrete component created first. Only if this is not the case is it ensured that the formwork material remaining in the concrete is also completely embedded in the concrete or in the mortar after connecting the further concrete component.

Also known are formworks (FR-A-13 63 439) which are produced using curved formwork elements which have a corrugated profile in a sectional plane including the axis of curvature. These known formwork elements have no bend. An angling would also mean that there would be a substantial increase in the width (in the direction of the bending edge) for the relevant formwork element in the area of the relevant bending line.

Finally, steel sheets with a wide variety of profiles are known, in particular also with a dovetail-shaped profile ("Stahlbau-Profiles", page 30, 14th edition 1979), and the use of steel sheets with dovetail profiling as formwork element for producing steel profile composite slabs ("Stahlbau Manual ", pages 653 - 659, Stahlbau-Verlags GmbH, Cologne 1982). The known profiled sheets in particular are not angled in their use as formwork element and do not form a quiver formwork.

The object of the invention is to show a quiver formwork which can be produced easily and true to size by bending a profiled sheet.

To solve this problem, a formwork is carried out according to the characterizing part of claim 1.

Thanks to the dovetail-shaped profiling, the formwork material can be bent or angled around a bending line that runs perpendicular or perpendicular to the profile, despite having sufficient rigidity for the production of the quiver formwork, without the harmful widening of the material occurring in the area of the respective bending line when bending or kinking . Due to the dovetail-shaped profiling of the formwork material, the quiver formwork according to the invention also has the advantage of a significantly improved integration in the concrete, so that where the formwork remains in the building between two adjoining components, there is a significantly improved transition between these components in terms of statics and dynamics can be reached.

In a preferred embodiment, the profiling has at least first profile sections and second profile sections, of which the second profile sections have a larger cross section, in such a way that a first profile section can be positively received by a second profile section in each case. As a result, there is the possibility of easily interconnecting quiver formwork made of the formwork material by inserting a first profile section into a second profile section even at the place of use.

In a preferred embodiment, the quiver formwork consists of at least two angular or U-shaped formwork elements which can be connected to one another via connecting elements or preferably by plugging together on the profile. A quiver formwork produced in this way has the advantage that the formwork elements can be stacked one inside the other to reduce the storage and transport volume.

Developments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

Fig. 1

in Draufsicht eine Schalung für ein Einzel-Fundament, zusammen mit einer von zwei Schalungselementen gebildeten Köcher-Schalung gemäß der Erfindung;

Fig. 2

eine Seitenansicht der Köcher-Schalung nach Fig. 1;

Fig. 3

in vereinfachter Teildarstellung und in Draufsicht ein Schalungsmaterial gemäß der Erfindung;

Fig. 4

einen Schnitt entsprechend der Linie I-I der Fig. 3;

Fig. 5

eine Draufsicht auf eine weitere Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Köcher-Schalung;

Fig. 6

eine Schnittdarstellung wie Fig. 4 von einem abgewandelten Schalungsmaterial gemäß der Neuerung.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the figures using an exemplary embodiment. Show it:

Fig. 1

in plan view a formwork for a single foundation, together with a quiver formwork formed by two formwork elements according to the invention;

Fig. 2

a side view of the quiver formwork according to Fig. 1;

Fig. 3

in a simplified partial representation and in plan view, a formwork material according to the invention;

Fig. 4

a section along the line II of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5

a plan view of a further embodiment of a quiver formwork according to the invention;

Fig. 6

a sectional view like FIG. 4 of a modified formwork material according to the innovation.

In the figures, 1 is a formwork material in the form of a profiled steel sheet. The untreated or treated, for example galvanized, on its surface sides Sheet steel is provided with a dovetail-shaped profile, that is, the formwork material 1 has a plurality of dovetail-shaped profile sections 2, which extend over one side of the formwork material 1, ie in the illustration chosen for FIG. 4, over the underside of this formwork material or over a plane defining this side E stand out and each extend in an axial direction X over the entire length of this formwork material. The axis direction X lies together with the perpendicular axis direction Y in the plane E.

The profile sections 2, each of which has a strip-shaped surface area 3 that extends over the entire length of the respective profile section and is provided at a distance from the plane E2, as well as two leg areas 4 each enclosing an acute angle with this surface area, lie with their longitudinal extension in the axial direction X and parallel to and at a distance from each other. Between each two profile sections 2, a further profile section 5 is formed, with all profile sections 5 over the plane E 'enclosing the surface areas 3 on the other side, i. H. 4 protrude beyond the plane E 'of the upper side of the formwork material 1 and extend parallel to one another and parallel to the axial direction X over the entire length of the formwork material 1. The profile sections 5 are likewise formed by the leg areas 4 and by a strip-shaped surface area 6, which extends over the entire length of the associated profile section 5. The profile sections 2 and 5 are each open to different sides of the material 1.

As shown in Fig. 4, the profile sections 5 are formed by a suitable choice of their width, in particular by a corresponding choice of the width of the surface areas 3, but also by a corresponding choice of the angles which include the leg areas 4 with the surface areas 3 and 6 so that of the somewhat larger profile areas 5, one profile area 2 can be positively received, as indicated in FIG. 4 by the broken line 2 '. This makes it possible to connect formwork elements made from blanks of the formwork material 1 at the place of use by laterally inserting at least one profile section 2 into a profile section 5.

The dovetail shape, i.e. H. The successive profile sections 2 and 5 not only ensure the required rigidity of the formwork material 1 and not only serve to connect formwork elements in the manner described above, but also ensure a particularly positive integration of the respective formwork element in the concrete. In particular, the dovetail-shaped profiling also ensures a particularly positive integration in the concrete where another concrete component is connected to a concrete component created first. The formwork element made from the formwork material 1 remains as lost formwork in the transition area between the two concrete components. In such a case, in order to achieve an improved transmission of shear force between the two concrete components also in the longitudinal direction of the profiling or the profile sections 2 and 5, the formwork material 1 is provided with a roughening on the surfaces, which can be designed in the most varied of ways, for example also in the form of a surface profile with a large number of projections and / or depressions.

In the illustrated embodiment, knob-like projections 7 and knob-like depressions 8 are provided, the projections 7 being located on the surface regions 6 of the profile sections 5 and the recesses 8 on the surface regions 3 of the profile sections 2, so that despite the projections 7 and recesses 8 a tight fit Fitting of the profile sections 2 into the profile sections 5 is ensured. If the profile sections 2 fit into the profile sections 5 with greater play, it is in principle also possible to use them on the surface areas 3, that is to say via those in FIG Level E facing away from level E 'protruding projections and / or vice versa to provide 6 recesses on the surface areas.

1 and 2 or 5 formwork elements are produced from the formwork material 1, and in each case from a cut of the formwork material 1 by at least once angling this cut transversely to the profile, thereby overall not only the required shape for the formwork element but also to achieve the required rigidity. The dovetail-shaped profiling of the formwork material 1 makes it possible to bend or bend it easily or transversely to the profiling when producing the formwork elements, since the dovetail-shaped profiling causes the material in the region of the bend in the sense of a reduction in the angle between the leg regions 4 and surface areas 3 and 6, d. H. deformed in the sense of stacking the leg regions 4 and the surface regions 3 and 6. In any case, there is no increase in the width of the blank at the bending or kink point, and a reduction in the width of the blank in the region or along the bending and kink point is in any case negligible if the width of the leg regions 4 is smaller is the width of surface areas 3 and 6.

1 shows a formwork arrangement for an individual foundation consisting of an outer formwork 9 and an inner quiver formwork 10. The outer formwork 9 is created on a surface defined by the drawing plane of FIG. 3 from four larger blanks 9 'of the formwork material 1. These blanks 9 'are provided next to one another at right angles in vertical planes, the profiling formed by the profile sections 2 and 5 extending in the horizontal direction, ie perpendicular to the vertical corners of the outer formwork 9 or the connecting regions of the blanks 9' there. At the corners or connection areas, the blanks 9 'are connected to one another by suitable connecting elements 11 (angle profiles).

The quiver formwork 10 is composed of two similar formwork elements 10a, which are each made from a blank of the formwork material 1 as an angle piece or by angling this formwork material perpendicular to the profiling such that each formwork element has two legs 10a 'and 10a' ', which at of the embodiment shown have the same width in the direction perpendicular to the bending line 12 and each have an angled portion 13 at their edges remote from the bent line 12, which run parallel to this bent line, in such a way that each angled portion 13 with the outside of the associated leg 10a 'or 10a '' encloses an acute angle. The outside is the side that faces away from the angular space formed by the legs 10a 'and 10a' '.

To form the quiver formwork 10, the two formwork elements 10a, in which the stiffening profiling (profile sections 2 and 5) runs perpendicular to the bending line 12, are arranged in such a way that these formwork elements 10a with their legs 10a 'and 10a' 'are the same as those shown in FIG Embodiment enclose square interior of the quiver formwork 10 and touch the adjacent legs of the formwork elements 10a in the region of the bends 13. By pushing a connecting element 14 in the form of a length of a C-profile onto the bends 13 of adjacent legs 10a 'or 10a' ', the formwork elements 10a are connected to each other to form the quiver formwork 10.

Since the quiver formwork 10 consists of two angular formwork elements 10a, which are only connected at the place of use by the connecting elements 14 to the quiver formwork 10, it is possible to stack the formwork elements 10a into one another for transport and / or storage and thus the transport and To significantly reduce storage volume.

Fig. 5 shows a top view of a quiver formwork 15, which consists of two U-shaped formwork elements 15a. Each of the two formwork elements 15a is in turn made from a blank of the formwork material 1, namely by bending twice along the bending line 16, which in turn runs perpendicular to the profiling of the formwork material. By bending twice, the formwork elements 15a are given their U-shape with two legs 15a 'and a yoke section 15a' 'connecting these legs together. On the legs 15a ', the two formwork elements are connected to one another to form the formwork or quiver formwork 15, which is completely closed, by pushing the profile sections 2 and 5 of the legs 15a' to be connected to one another. This connection, which is possible by profiling a formwork material 1, ensures (in particular also by dispensing with additional connecting elements) inexpensive manufacture and simple use of the quiver formwork 15, the interlocking of the profile sections 2 and 5 of the legs 15a ′ to be connected to one another also offering the possibility of form-fittingly interconnected formwork elements 15a adjust the distance between the yoke sections 15a ″ of these formwork elements to a desired width.

FIG. 6 shows a circuit material 1 a which has two dovetail profile sections 2 which project laterally beyond plane E, that is to say upward in the illustration chosen for FIG. 6, which form a further dovetail profile section 5 between them. The plane E is defined, inter alia, by the two edge regions 17 and 18 of the formwork material 1 a provided laterally by the profile sections 2. At both edge areas 17 and 18, the formwork material is each provided with a bent longitudinal edge 19 or 20, which is formed by bending the material by 180 ° and has a leg 19 'or 20', which is in the plane E or parallel to this level at a distance from the subsequent formwork material. At the area 17, the leg 19 ′ is approximately an amount that corresponds to the sheet thickness of the formwork material 1 a, Provided above the plane E, namely below the part of the formwork material 1a adjoining the leg 19 '. To achieve this, the circuit material in the area 17 is angled or profiled in a Z-shape. In region 18, the leg 20 lies above the plane E, namely at a distance above the adjoining part of the formwork material 1 a, which (distance) is equal to or slightly larger than the sheet thickness of the formwork material 1 a. With the help of the bent longitudinal edges 19 and 20, two or more blanks of the formwork material 1 a can then be connected to one another in a form-fitting manner, before the formwork material is bent or bent. If the blanks of the formwork material 1a connected to one another via the bent longitudinal edges 19 and 20 take place transversely to the profiling, that is to say transversely to the bent longitudinal edges 19 and 20, the blanks of the formwork material 1a are firmly fixed to one another after the bending, in the same way , as is also the case with the interlocking cuts of the formwork material 1 with the profile sections 2 and 5 with the bending edge 12 and 16 running transversely to the profile.

The above-described Z-shaped profiling of the area 17 on the bent longitudinal edge 19 on the one hand ensures that adjoining blanks of the formwork material 1 a lie with their planes E in a common plane. In addition, the Z-shaped profiling ensures that interlocking or interconnected blanks of the formwork material 1a cannot detach from one another at the bent longitudinal edges 19 and 20, not even when angling or bending into the formwork.

The invention has been described above using exemplary embodiments. It goes without saying that modifications are possible without departing from the inventive idea on which the invention is based. For example, it is possible to use a formwork material for the production of the formwork 10 or 15, which is in the area of Profile sections 2 and / or 5 is provided with openings or by refractions, ie for example a formwork material which is made from a perforated sheet metal, so that the openings and the integration of the respective formwork or the respective formwork element in the concrete and thereby in particular to ensure a high thrust transmission. In principle, it is also possible for the same purpose to use a formwork material in which depressions are pressed in at the transitions between the surface areas 3 and / or 6 and the leg areas 4, which then each form a kind of toothing along these transmission areas with several similar depressions .

Claims (7)

1. Casing shuttering for concrete construction with at least a shuttering element (10a; 15a), manufactured through the use of a section of profiled shuttering sheet material (1, 1a), characterised in that the shuttering sheet material (1a) has a swallow-tail formed profile which is formed from a first swallow-tail formed profile section (2), itself extending a first axis direction (X) of the material, and a second swallow-tail formed profile section (5) itself likewise extending in this axis direction (X) such that the first and second profile sections (2, 5) are set with respect to one another in a second axis direction (Y) of the material running perpendicularly to the first axis direction (X) and such that the section forming at least a shuttering element (10a, 15a) is angled along at least a bent line (12, 16) running crosswise or perpendicularly to the first axis direction (X).
2. Casing shuttering according to claim 1, characterised in that it consists of at least two shuttering elements (10a, 15a) of which each is angled along the bent line (12, 16) running perpendicularly to the first axis direction (X).
3. Casing shuttering according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the second profile section (5) has an inner cross section that is the same or larger than the outer cross section of the first profile section (2), and that the outer cross section of the first profile section (2) is fitted to the inner cross section of the second profile section (5) in such a way that each second profile section (5) can receive an interlocking first profile section (2).
4. Casing shuttering according to claim 2 or 3, characterised through means (13, 14; 2, 5) to connect the shuttering elements (10a; 15a) forming the shuttering (10, 15).
5. Casing shuttering according to claim 4, characterised in that the connection means are formed from angled elements (13) on the shuttering elements (10a) as well as each from at least a connection element which neighbouring shuttering element (10a) overlaps these interlocking angles and is preferably formed from a length of a C-profile.
6. Casing shuttering according to claim 4, characterised in that the connection means are formed from the profiling (2, 5) of the shuttering material (1, 1a).
7. Casing shuttering according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the shuttering consists of at least two sections of shuttering material (1, 1a), which (sections) are connected to one another through interlocking profile sections (2, 5; 19, 20) and that the bent edge (12, 16) runs crosswise or perpendicularly to the profiling (2, 5; 19, 20).

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