EP0437809B1 - Process for fabrication of stove tiles - Google Patents

Process for fabrication of stove tiles Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0437809B1
EP0437809B1 EP90125169A EP90125169A EP0437809B1 EP 0437809 B1 EP0437809 B1 EP 0437809B1 EP 90125169 A EP90125169 A EP 90125169A EP 90125169 A EP90125169 A EP 90125169A EP 0437809 B1 EP0437809 B1 EP 0437809B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
webs
tiles
cutting
stove
plate
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP90125169A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0437809A1 (en
Inventor
Peter Dipl.-Ing. Linser
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Priority to DE9017915U priority Critical patent/DE9017915U1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28D—WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
    • B28D1/00—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor
    • B28D1/18—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor by milling, e.g. channelling by means of milling tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
    • B28B11/14—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for dividing shaped articles by cutting

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for the production of stove tiles with a glazed front and webs having a rear by shaping, flame-cutting and dividing plates, the parts of which are subsequently glazed and burned.
  • normal tiles can first be produced by providing panels, the dimensions of which are a whole multiple of the normal tile, on their rear sides with webs running parallel to one another, the spacing of which corresponds to the tile grid. By dividing the plates along a cutting line running between the parallel webs, the individual stove tiles can then be obtained, which have sufficient stability and can be connected to adjacent tiles in the usual way, since their shape does not differ from them.
  • a router 3 with a rotating end mill 4 is used to cut a burned-out plate 1, consisting of a tiled sheet which has webs 2 on its underside.
  • the movement of the end mill 4 along the desired cutting line is preferably computer-controlled, in principle manual operation would also be possible.
  • the starting point is a shot-fired plate, as shown in FIG. 1.
  • this On the back of the tiled sheet 1, this has a grid of webs 2 running parallel to one another at a short distance. The cut is made between the two webs of the web pairs, which means that sixteen normal tiles can be produced from the plate shown, the dimensions of which correspond exactly to the desired value. By glazing and baking after the cutting process the cut pieces of the plate no longer change their shape.
  • Fig. 4 shows a plate in which the underside of the tile sheet 1 carries a narrow honeycomb grid made of webs 2. If such panels are cut, tile elements of almost any shape can be produced, which nevertheless carry at least web parts on their back, which ensure their stability and enable the connection to adjacent tile parts.
  • a separating cut 5 made according to the invention not only cuts through the tile sheet 1, but also through the webs 2 provided on its rear side. These webs are provided in the usual way for connection to adjacent tiles with eyelets 8 through which suitable clips can be passed. The undulating change in the height of the webs 2 serves to keep the troughs free for electrical or caloric lines in the installed state.
  • a joint cut 5 ' is carried out, which only cuts through the tile sheet 1, but not the webs 2 at the rear.
  • FIG. 6 shows the assembly of the panels divided according to FIG. 5 after they have been made into finished tiles by glazing and baking.
  • 1 fine adhesive mortar 6 is applied to the back of the tile sheet.
  • the coarse filling mortar 7 of the tiled stove is arranged. In those places where only a joint cut 5 'was made, the backfilling with filling mortar 7 is sufficient, since here the plate is not split up in the sense of the invention.
  • Tiles with a large variety of shapes can be put together in the manner of inlay work from panels such as that shown in FIG. 4.
  • a computer is also used to advantage when designing the corresponding patterns.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Clay, And Manufacture Of Mixtures Containing Clay Or Cement (AREA)
  • Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
  • Inorganic Insulating Materials (AREA)
  • Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
  • Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Baking, Grill, Roasting (AREA)

Abstract

A process is described for fabrication of stove tiles (1) with glazed front side and a rear side having webs (2) by moulding, biscuit baking and separation (4) of plates, the parts of which are subsequently glazed and finish-fired, the plates being separated along a cut line which is neighboured on both sides by webs (2). <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Ofenkacheln mit glasierter Vorderseite und Stege aufweisender Rückseite durch Formen, Schrühbrennen und Zerteilen von Platten, deren Teile anschließend glasiert und gargebrannt werden.The invention relates to a process for the production of stove tiles with a glazed front and webs having a rear by shaping, flame-cutting and dividing plates, the parts of which are subsequently glazed and burned.

Ofenkacheln sind gemäß ÖNORM B 2233 aus schamottehaltiger Tonmasse hergestellt und bestehen aus einer die üblicherweise glasierte Sichtfläche aufweisenden, als Blatt bezeichneten ebenen Platte und daran angeformten Stegen, welche insgesamt als Rumpf bezeichnet werden. Im Rumpf, welcher zur Verbindung der Kacheln untereinander dient, befinden sich je zwei Klammerlöcher mit einem Durchmesser von 4 - 9 mm.Stove tiles are made from fireclay clay according to ÖNORM B 2233 and consist of a flat plate, commonly known as a sheet, with the usually glazed visible surface and molded webs, which are referred to as the hull. In the fuselage, which is used to connect the tiles to each other, there are two clamp holes with a diameter of 4 - 9 mm.

Ofenkacheln unterscheiden sich somit grundsätzlich etwa von Wandfliesen, wie sie z.B. in CH-A 402 349 oder in EP-A1-115 361 dargestellt sind, da bei diesen eine allfällige Strukturierung der Rückseite nur zur besseren Verbindung mit der Unterlage dient. Auch bei Bodenplatten, wie sie in GB-A 2 181 171 dargestellt sind, dienen die an der Rückseite vorgesehenen Rippen nicht zur gegenseitigen Verbindung benachbarter Platten, sondern zur Verstärkung der einzelnen Platten. Da die Rümpfe von Ofenkacheln eine Mindesthöhe von 30 mm aufweisen müssen, verlaufen sie üblicherweise nur entlang des Umfangs der Kachel.This means that stove tiles fundamentally differ from wall tiles, e.g. are shown in CH-A 402 349 or in EP-A1-115 361, since any structuring of the back serves only for a better connection to the base. In the case of floor slabs, as shown in GB-A 2 181 171, the ribs provided on the back do not serve to connect adjacent slabs to one another, but to reinforce the individual slabs. Since the hulls of stove tiles must have a minimum height of 30 mm, they usually only run along the circumference of the tile.

Ein Zerteilen schrühgebrannter Platten fand bisher bei der Herstellung von Ofenkacheln nur ausnahmsweise statt. Dabei wird eine Platte im Format normaler Ofenkacheln entlang einer Seitenkante abgeschnitten, um die Herstellung von Öfen zu ermöglichen, deren Dimension nicht einem ganzen Vielfachen der Kachelabmessung entspricht. Dadurch daß das Zerteilen vor dem Glasieren erfolgt, wird die Entstehung unschöner Ränder verhindert.Up to now, cutting of burned plates has only been an exception in the manufacture of stove tiles. Here, a plate in the format of normal stove tiles is cut off along one side edge in order to enable the production of stoves whose dimensions do not correspond to a whole multiple of the tile dimensions. In that the cutting before glazing unsightly edges are prevented.

Das Zerteilen von Ofenkacheln vor dem Garbrennen in der dargestellten Weise stellt eine rein handwerkliche Maßnahme dar, welche nach Möglichkeit vermieden wird, da die Kachel beim Zerteilen leicht zerbricht und außerdem entlang des Schnittrandes schwer mit benachbarten Kacheln zu verbinden ist.The cutting of oven tiles before cooking in the manner shown represents a purely manual measure, which is avoided if possible, since the tile breaks easily during cutting and is also difficult to connect to adjacent tiles along the cutting edge.

Sofern schrühgebrannte Platten vor dem Glasieren bisher einem industriellen Schneidvorgang unterworfen wurden, geschah dies ausschließlich zu dem Zweck, durch die Beschneidung außerhalb des Randsteges verlaufender Plattenteile eine einheitliche Größe der Ofenkacheln zu erreichen.Insofar as previously burned plates were subjected to an industrial cutting process prior to glazing, this was done exclusively for the purpose of achieving a uniform size of the stove tiles by trimming plate parts running outside the edge web.

Die Erfindung geht von der Überlegung aus, daß mehrere Gründe dafür sprechen, Ofenkacheln nicht nur ausnahmsweise zwischen Schrühbrennen und Glasieren einem Schneidvorgang zu unterziehen, sondern grundsätzlich die endgültige Form erst nach dem Schrühbrennen herzustellen.The invention is based on the consideration that there are several reasons for not only subjecting oven tiles to a cutting process exceptionally between flame-burning and glazing, but basically only producing the final shape after the flame-burning.

Bei der Herstellung von Normalkacheln lassen sich dadurch Größenabweichungen vermeiden, wie sie durch verschieden starkes Schwinden der Formlinge entstehen. Die Herstellung beliebig geformter Kacheln könnte erfolgen, ohne daß jeweils eine eigene Form angeschafft werden muß.In the production of normal tiles, size deviations can thus be avoided, such as those caused by different degrees of shrinkage of the moldings. Tiles of any shape could be produced without having to buy their own shape.

Der Erfindung liegt die Erkenntnis zugrunde, daß das bestehende Vorurteil der Fachwelt gegen das Zerteilen schrühgebrannter Platten zwecks Gewinnung von Ofenkacheln durch den eigentlichen Schneidvorgang nicht wirklich begründet ist. Wie in zahlreichen Versuchen festgestellt worden ist, führt der Schneidvorgang als solcher nicht zum Zerbrechen der Kacheln, wenn erfindungsgemäß sichergestellt ist, daß die Platten entlang einer Schnittlinie zerteilt werden, welcher zu beiden Seiten Stege benachbart sind.The invention is based on the knowledge that the existing prejudice of the specialist world against the cutting of burned plates for the purpose of obtaining stove tiles by the actual cutting process is not really justified. As has been found in numerous experiments, the cutting process leads to such not to break the tiles, if it is ensured according to the invention that the plates are cut along a cutting line, which are adjacent to the webs on both sides.

Erfindungsgemäß können zunächst Normalkacheln hergestellt werden, indem Platten, deren Abmessungen ein ganzes Vielfaches der Normalkachel betragen, an ihrer Rückseite mit parallel zueinander verlaufenden Stegen versehen werden, deren Abstand dem Kachelraster entspricht. Durch Zerteilen der Platten entlang einer zwischen den parallelen Stegen verlaufenden Schnittline lassen sich dann die einzelnen Ofenkacheln gewinnen, welche hinreichende Stabilität aufweisen und mit benachbarten Kacheln in üblicher Weise zu verbinden sind, da sie sich von diesen in ihrer Form nicht unterscheiden.According to the invention, normal tiles can first be produced by providing panels, the dimensions of which are a whole multiple of the normal tile, on their rear sides with webs running parallel to one another, the spacing of which corresponds to the tile grid. By dividing the plates along a cutting line running between the parallel webs, the individual stove tiles can then be obtained, which have sufficient stability and can be connected to adjacent tiles in the usual way, since their shape does not differ from them.

Obzwar die Erfindung bei der Herstellung von Ofen-kacheln sicher vorteilhaft ist, liegt der eigentliche dadurch erzielte Fortschritt doch darin, daß es nunmehr möglich ist, Ofenkacheln mit fast beliebiger Umfangsgestalt herzustellen, ohne daß die Entscheidung über das endgültige Aussehen der Kachel bereits mit dem Formen erfolgt. Voraussetzung hiefür ist lediglich, daß die Stege über die ganze Rückseite der Platte, insbesondere in Form eines Wabengitters, gleichmäßig verteilt sind. Durch diese Maßnahme ist sichergestellt, daß bei beliebiger Schnittführung der Randbereich der Platte durch einen Steg versteift ist.Although the invention is certainly advantageous in the production of stove tiles, the actual progress achieved is that it is now possible to produce stove tiles of almost any shape without having to decide on the final appearance of the tile with the molding he follows. The only requirement for this is that the webs are evenly distributed over the entire back of the plate, in particular in the form of a honeycomb grid. This measure ensures that the edge area of the plate is stiffened by a web with any cut.

Eine Einrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens und weitere Einzelheiten des Verfahrens selbst werden anschließend anhand der Zeichnung erläutert.A device for carrying out the method and further details of the method itself are subsequently explained using the drawing.

Fig. 1 zeigt schematisch das Zerteilen einer Platte, Fig. 2 ist ein vergrößertes Detail aus Fig. 1, Fig. 3 zeigt eine Platte zur Herstellung von Normalkacheln in Draufsicht im horizontalen Schnitt nach der Linie I-I und in Unteransicht, Fig. 4 entspricht Fig. 3 für eine Platte zur Herstellung beliebig geformter Kacheln; Fig. 5 entspricht in vergrößerter und detaillierter Darstellung dem Schnitt von Fig. 4, Fig. 6 zeigt die Montage der Platte nach Fig. 5; Fig. 7 zeigt Kachelformen, wie sie aus einer Platte nach Fig. 4 hergestellt werden können.1 schematically shows the cutting of a plate, FIG. 2 is an enlarged detail from FIG. 1, FIG. 3 shows a plate for the production of normal tiles in plan view in horizontal section along the line II and in bottom view, Figure 4 corresponds to Figure 3 for a plate for the production of arbitrarily shaped tiles. Fig. 5 corresponds to the section of Fig. 4 in an enlarged and detailed illustration; Fig. 6 shows the mounting of the plate according to Fig. 5; FIG. 7 shows tile shapes as can be produced from a plate according to FIG. 4.

Zum Zerteilen einer schrühgebrannten Platte 1, bestehend aus einem Kachelblatt, welches an seiner Unterseite Stege 2 aufweist, dient eine Oberfräse 3 mit einem rotierenden Fingerfräser 4. Die Bewegung des Fingerfräsers 4 entlang der gewünschten Schnittlinie erfolgt vorzugsweise computergesteuert, grundsätzlich wäre auch ein Handbetrieb möglich.A router 3 with a rotating end mill 4 is used to cut a burned-out plate 1, consisting of a tiled sheet which has webs 2 on its underside. The movement of the end mill 4 along the desired cutting line is preferably computer-controlled, in principle manual operation would also be possible.

Wie aus Fig. 2 hervorgeht, ist der Fingerfräser 4 im Spitzenbereich mit groben Diamantkörner besetzt, wogegen sein eingespanntes Ende einen feineren Belag aufweist. In diesem Bereich divergiert der Stift entsprechend der gewünschten Abrundung der Schnittkante des Kachelblattes 1.As can be seen from FIG. 2, the end mill 4 is covered with coarse diamond grains in the tip area, whereas its clamped end has a finer coating. In this area, the pin diverges in accordance with the desired rounding of the cut edge of the tiled sheet 1.

Wenn erfindungsgemäß lediglich Normalkacheln hergestellt werden sollen, dient als Ausgangspunkt eine schrühgebrannte Platte, wie sie in Fig. 1 dargestellt ist. Diese weist auf der Rückseite des Kachelblattes 1 ein Gitter von in geringem Abstand parallel zueinander verlaufenden Stegen 2 auf. Die Schnittführung erfolgt jeweils zwischen den beiden Stegen der Stegpaare, wodurch aus der dargestellten Platte sechzehn Normalkacheln hergestellt werden können, deren Abmessungen genau dem Sollwert entsprechen. Durch das an den Schneidvorgang anschließende Glasieren und Garbrennen der ausgeschnittenen Stücke der Platte erleiden diese nämlich keine Formveränderung mehr.If, according to the invention, only normal tiles are to be produced, the starting point is a shot-fired plate, as shown in FIG. 1. On the back of the tiled sheet 1, this has a grid of webs 2 running parallel to one another at a short distance. The cut is made between the two webs of the web pairs, which means that sixteen normal tiles can be produced from the plate shown, the dimensions of which correspond exactly to the desired value. By glazing and baking after the cutting process the cut pieces of the plate no longer change their shape.

Fig. 4 zeigt eine Platte, bei welcher die Unterseite des Kachelblattes 1 ein enges wabenförmiges Gitter aus Stegen 2 trägt. Zerschneidet man derartige Platten, so lassen sich Kachelelemente fast beliebiger Form herstellen, die dennoch auf ihrer Rückseite wenigstens Stegteile tragen, die ihre Stabilität sicherstellen und die Verbindung mit benachbarten Kachelteilen ermöglichen.Fig. 4 shows a plate in which the underside of the tile sheet 1 carries a narrow honeycomb grid made of webs 2. If such panels are cut, tile elements of almost any shape can be produced, which nevertheless carry at least web parts on their back, which ensure their stability and enable the connection to adjacent tile parts.

Im Detail ist das Zerschneiden der Platte nach Fig. 4 in Fig. 5 dargestellt. Ein erfindungsgemäß geführter Trennschnitt 5 durchschneidet nicht nur das Kachelblatt 1, sondern auch die an dessen Rückseite vorgesehenen Stege 2. Diese Stege sind in üblicher Weise zur Verbindung mit benachbarten Kacheln mit Ösen 8 versehen, durch welche geeignete Klammern geführt werden können. Die wellenförmige Veränderung der Höhe der Stege 2 dient dazu, im verlegten Zustand die Wellentäler für elektrische oder kalorische Leitungen freizuhalten.The cutting of the plate according to FIG. 4 is shown in detail in FIG. 5. A separating cut 5 made according to the invention not only cuts through the tile sheet 1, but also through the webs 2 provided on its rear side. These webs are provided in the usual way for connection to adjacent tiles with eyelets 8 through which suitable clips can be passed. The undulating change in the height of the webs 2 serves to keep the troughs free for electrical or caloric lines in the installed state.

Gelegentlich ist es erwünscht, aus ästhetischen Gründen eine Fuge vorzusehen, welche konstruktiv gar nicht notwendig ist, da sie innerhalb ein und derselben Kachel verläuft. In diesem Fall wird ein Fugenschnitt 5′ ausgeführt, welcher lediglich das Kachelblatt 1, nicht jedoch die Stege 2 an dessen Rückseite durchtrennt.Occasionally, for aesthetic reasons, it is desirable to provide a joint which is not structurally necessary, since it runs within one and the same tile. In this case, a joint cut 5 'is carried out, which only cuts through the tile sheet 1, but not the webs 2 at the rear.

Fig. 6 zeigt die Montage der gemäß Fig. 5 zerteilten Platten, nachdem diese durch Glasieren und Garbrennen zu fertigen Kacheln gemacht worden sind. Dort wo die Platte durch einen echten Trennschnitt 5 unterteilt wurde, wird an der Rückseite des Kachelblattes 1 feiner Klebemörtel 6 aufgetragen. Zwischen diesem feinen Klebemörtel und der Schamottierung 9 der Rauchgaszüge des Kachelofens ist grober Füllmörtel 7 angeordnet. An jenen Stellen, wo lediglich ein Fugenschnitt 5′ vorgenommen wurde, genügt die Hinterfüllung mit Füllmörtel 7, da hier die Platte ja gar nicht im Sinne der Erfindung zerteilt ist.FIG. 6 shows the assembly of the panels divided according to FIG. 5 after they have been made into finished tiles by glazing and baking. Where the plate has been divided by a real separating cut 5, 1 fine adhesive mortar 6 is applied to the back of the tile sheet. Between this fine adhesive mortar and the chamotte 9 of the flue gas flues the coarse filling mortar 7 of the tiled stove is arranged. In those places where only a joint cut 5 'was made, the backfilling with filling mortar 7 is sufficient, since here the plate is not split up in the sense of the invention.

Aus Platten, wie der in Fig. 4 dargestellten, lassen sich Kacheln mit großer Formvielfalt nach Art einer Einlegearbeit zusammensetzen. Beim Entwurf der entsprechenden Muster wird ebenfalls mit Vorteil ein Computer eingesetzt.Tiles with a large variety of shapes can be put together in the manner of inlay work from panels such as that shown in FIG. 4. A computer is also used to advantage when designing the corresponding patterns.

Claims (6)

  1. A method of manufacturing stove tiles with a glazed front face and with webs on the back, by moulding, biscuit baking and division of sheets, the parts of which are then glazed and finish-fired, characterised in that the sheets are divided along a cutting line which has webs adjacent to both its sides.
  2. A method according to claim 1, characterised in that the webs extend parallel with one another in accordance with a predetermined cutting pattern.
  3. A method according to claim 1, characterised in that the webs are evenly distributed over the entire back of the sheet, particularly in the form of a honeycomb.
  4. A method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the sheets are of a size corresponding to 16 standard stove tiles.
  5. A method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that a routing machine is used for cutting.
  6. A method according to claim 5, characterised in that the routing machine is provided with a rotating cutting pin which diverges upwardly in accordance with the desired rounding of the tile edges.
EP90125169A 1990-01-15 1990-12-21 Process for fabrication of stove tiles Expired - Lifetime EP0437809B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE9017915U DE9017915U1 (en) 1990-01-15 1990-12-21 Stove tile

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT0006990A AT393987B (en) 1990-01-15 1990-01-15 SCREWBURNED PLATE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF OVEN TILES
AT69/90 1990-01-15

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0437809A1 EP0437809A1 (en) 1991-07-24
EP0437809B1 true EP0437809B1 (en) 1993-02-17

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EP90125169A Expired - Lifetime EP0437809B1 (en) 1990-01-15 1990-12-21 Process for fabrication of stove tiles

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EP (1) EP0437809B1 (en)
AT (2) AT393987B (en)
DE (1) DE59000899D1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102018116086A1 (en) 2017-07-04 2019-01-10 Peter Linser Component, in particular ceramic component

Family Cites Families (9)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1104039A (en) * 1954-04-15 1955-11-15 F A N A L Improvements made to installations for the manufacture of construction elements in agglomerated products
CH402349A (en) * 1963-06-14 1965-11-15 Hoffmann Andreas Wall covering panel or panel made of plastic with a mosaic-like design
DE2360967A1 (en) * 1973-12-07 1975-06-12 Bautechnologie Forsch Concrete or ceramic tiles of any shape - produced for flooring or wall coverings
IT8346810A0 (en) * 1983-01-28 1983-01-28 M A S S Meccanica Artigiana St CERAMIC TILE WITH THE BACK SHAPED WITH EVENLY DISTRIBUTED HEXAGONAL CELLS
DE3601796A1 (en) * 1985-03-22 1986-09-25 Stettner & Co, 8560 Lauf Tile, in particular Dutch tile
GB8523810D0 (en) * 1985-09-27 1985-10-30 Intek Floors Ltd Concrete slab
US4764102A (en) * 1986-04-22 1988-08-16 Ig-Technical Research Inc. Continuous elongate ceramic article manufacturing system
DE3817968C1 (en) * 1988-05-27 1989-09-07 Ivan Prof. Dr.-Ing. 3380 Goslar De Odler Glazed ceramic plate
DE8905334U1 (en) * 1989-04-27 1989-07-06 Bickmeyer, Jochen, 3014 Laatzen, De

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102018116086A1 (en) 2017-07-04 2019-01-10 Peter Linser Component, in particular ceramic component

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0437809A1 (en) 1991-07-24
ATE85768T1 (en) 1993-03-15
DE59000899D1 (en) 1993-03-25
AT393987B (en) 1992-01-10
ATA6990A (en) 1991-07-15

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