EP0437143B1 - Verbesserungen an Schrägseilbrücken und insbesondere an deren Seilen, Pfeilern und Fahrbahnen - Google Patents

Verbesserungen an Schrägseilbrücken und insbesondere an deren Seilen, Pfeilern und Fahrbahnen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0437143B1
EP0437143B1 EP90403769A EP90403769A EP0437143B1 EP 0437143 B1 EP0437143 B1 EP 0437143B1 EP 90403769 A EP90403769 A EP 90403769A EP 90403769 A EP90403769 A EP 90403769A EP 0437143 B1 EP0437143 B1 EP 0437143B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
strand
cable
deck
strands
anchoring device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90403769A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0437143A1 (de
Inventor
Jean-Claude Percheron
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Freyssinet International STUP SA
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Freyssinet International STUP SA
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Publication of EP0437143A1 publication Critical patent/EP0437143A1/de
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
    • E01D19/14—Towers; Anchors ; Connection of cables to bridge parts; Saddle supports

Definitions

  • the invention relates to cable-stayed bridges comprising an apron, at least one pylon and stay cables made up of multiple strands and each stretched between a pylon and the apron, and it relates more particularly to the pylons and aprons of these bridges as well as their stay cables. and that the means of anchoring these shrouds on these pylons and decks.
  • each guy is in the form of a large cable which extends from end to end in an oblique rectilinear segment, segment whose lower end is anchored in the deck and whose upper end crosses a pylon and is anchored on the vertical face of the pylon, the furthest from the cable.
  • Such a construction has both the first disadvantages at the level of the upper anchoring of each guy on its pylon and the second disadvantages at the level of the lower anchoring of each guy on the deck.
  • this formula uses a "saddle" or curved seat placed on the pylon and suitable for receiving an intermediate section of the shroud to be supported, which shroud then extends in an inverted V downhill obliquely towards the apron on both sides of said saddle, the portions of strands constituting said intermediate section being held transversely spaced from one another by mechanical spacers preferably constituted at least for the most part by a hardened grout.
  • the object of the invention is, above all, to eliminate the first and / or second drawbacks above.
  • each of the strands constituting at least one of their shrouds comprises, individually connected to each other in the mutual extension of one another, a first section oblique rectilinear extending freely from the apron to the pylon concerned and a second non-rectilinear section housed inside a concrete block constituting the apron or pylon, and in that there is provided an intermediate anchoring device traversed by said strand, device resting on said solid and arranged so as to be able to keep under tension the non-rectilinear strand section housed in this solid after tensioning the entire length of said strand by exerting maximum traction between its two ends and subsequent anchoring of these ends, each intermediate anchoring device being arranged in such a way that the strand which passes through it can be moved in the direction q ui away from the massif, but it is automatically blocked in the opposite direction.
  • the invention includes, apart from these main provisions, certain other provisions which are preferably used at the same time and which will be more explicitly discussed below.
  • Figure 1 of these drawings schematically shows a portion of a cable-stayed bridge established according to the invention.
  • FIG 2 shows again schematically, but in more detail than Figure 1, the portions of the above bridge, which relate to the anchoring according to the invention of one of its stays.
  • Figure 3 shows on an enlarged scale, in vertical section, a portion of said stay and of the pylon which carries it.
  • Figure 4 shows schematically and again in part a variant of a cable-stayed bridge according to the invention.
  • the bridge to be equipped comprises an apron 1 suspended from at least one pylon or pillar 2 made of concrete using guy lines 3 anchored on this pylon and on this apron.
  • the shrouds 3 are distributed on either side of the pylon 2, symmetrically with respect to its median transverse plane T by forming inverted V's.
  • Each guy 3 is constituted by a plurality of independent strands 4, that is to say that can be mounted and energized independently of each other and even, in some cases, replaced in isolation.
  • Each strand may be constituted by a large wire, but is preferably composed of a central core surrounded by a plurality of contiguous wires, generally six in number, wound in a helix around said core.
  • each layer of guy lines extending on one side of a pylon includes twenty guy lines and each guy line is made up of twenty strands, the load supported by each strand is only 1 / 400th of the total, a proportion which is much lower than the tolerances or safety margins used for the construction of bridges.
  • Each guy 3 forms an inverted V covering a pylon or at least a portion of this pylon and its upper portion, forming the top of the inverted V is rounded and rests on a curved surface 5 of the pylon forming "saddle".
  • This saddle is here constituted by the base of a curved tunnel 6 hollowed out in the pylon 2 and extending in a curved arc downwards, tunnel whose lower ends open respectively in the two transverse faces F and G of the pylon and are oriented obliquely downwards.
  • the two feet of the shroud 3 are anchored on two blocks 7,8 which form part of the framework of the deck 1 or of suitable solid masses linked to the soil constituting the banks connected by the bridge.
  • Each of the strands 4 constituting a stay 3 extends from one block 7 to the other 8 and passes successively through two intermediate anchor blocks 9, 10 located respectively near the two ends of the tunnel 6.
  • the strands 4 are guided so as to remain parallel to each other and to be able to slide slightly with respect to each other.
  • sheaths 12 for example made of polyethylene, kept apart from one another by a hardened cement grout 13 and possibly by additional special parts.
  • Each of the two intermediate anchor blocks 9, 10 is arranged so as to provide a unidirectional anchoring in the sense that the strands 4 which pass through it can move away from the pylon 2, but not in the opposite direction.
  • each crossing of a block 9.10 by a strand 4 is carried out in line with a frustoconical housing hollowed out in this block, converging in the direction of the pylon.
  • This housing cooperates with a split frustoconical jaw 14 (FIG. 2) surrounding the strand concerned on the side, of the block, furthest from the pylon, said jaw preferably being urged into its housing by a spring 15 interposed between it and a retaining plate 16 itself crossed by the strands 4 and secured to the block concerned, at a small distance from this block, for example of the order of a centimeter, by small columns 17.
  • a split frustoconical jaw 14 FIG. 2
  • This housing cooperates with a split frustoconical jaw 14 (FIG. 2) surrounding the strand concerned on the side, of the block, furthest from the pylon, said jaw preferably being urged into its housing by a spring 15 interposed between it and a retaining plate 16 itself crossed by the strands 4 and secured to the block concerned, at a small distance from this block, for example of the order of a centimeter, by small columns 17.
  • each of its constituent strands 4 is put in place by making it pass successively through the two blocks 9 and 10, at least one of which is not yet made unidirectional: it suffices for this purpose, for the embodiment described by way of example, to maintain the jaw 14 concerned slightly apart from its housing in the corresponding block, by compressing the spring 15 which is associated with it if such a spring exists.
  • the crossings of the two blocks 9 and 10 are then made unidirectional by the stretched strands, in particular by releasing the springs 15 in the example above.
  • each strand 4 which is disposed between the two blocks 9 and 10 remains taut at a value which is at least its initial value and which can be gradually increased, irreversibly, to a maximum value.
  • shrouds are due, for example, to the passage of heavy vehicles on the cable-stayed bridge in line with the feet of the shrouds under consideration, or to the thrusts of the wind on these shrouds, which often result in oscillations and therefore in alternations of tense and relaxed states. shrouds.
  • the curved section of the shroud which rests on the saddle 5 is sheltered from these alternations which generate fatigue due to the permanent maintenance of its tension.
  • each strand is its most fragile portion due to the fact that it is stressed not only in traction, but also in bending and possibly in friction against its support: the shelter from the fatigue of this curved portion therefore results in a greatly increased longevity for the stay.
  • connection between these two segments A and B is carried out using an individual coupler 18 in the immediate vicinity of the corresponding block 9 or 10.
  • the block 9 On its side opposite to the box 19, the block 9 is extended by a short sleeve 21 and the two axial ends of the tubular assembly composed of the box 19 and the sleeve 21 are constituted by cable glands 22, 23 crossed by tightly sealed by stranded portions of strands.
  • the sheath enveloping the strand segment A is that previously designated by the reference 12, in which the strand concerned is housed with interposition of grease, and the sheath 24 relating to the strand segment B is directly extruded against it. ci, possibly with the interposition of a layer of wax or the like, said sheath being in particular made of a plastic material such as polyethylene or a polyamide.
  • the different couplers 18 are preferably distributed according to a triangulated mesh equilateral extending over several floors and preferably over three floors.
  • each individual coupler 18 is surrounded by a plurality of common portions of strands which are housed in external grooves of said coupler, the number of these grooves being generally six.
  • the block 9 is not directly applied against the corresponding transverse face F of the pylon 2.
  • This block 9 is here applied axially against one end of the jacket 11 internally lining the tunnel 6 hollowed out in the concrete of the pylon 2.
  • This jacket 11 must therefore be designed so as to be able to transmit a certain axial force to the pylon 2.
  • This transmission is favored by roughening the external surface, of the jacket 11, internal to the pylon, or even by bringing out on the exterior suitable reliefs such as a wire 25 wound in a helix.
  • the maximum value of the axial force that the jacket 11 must be able to transmit to the pylon 2 can be relatively low.
  • the maximum value in question would correspond to the case where the entire oblique section of the shroud connected to block 9 would be dismantled: or in such a case, the maximum tension then applied to block 9 in the direction of the pylon would be applied not only to the jacket 11, but also over the whole of the hardened core of grout 13 filling the portions, of the volume inside the said jacket, which are not occupied by the greased sheathed strands 12, a core which is itself strongly adhered against the inside wall of the jacket 11 .
  • the sleeve 21 described above is formed directly by one end of the jacket 11 itself, which end is welded to an end ring 26.
  • the periphery of this ring 26 is fitted onto the block 9, crossed by the columns 17 above and extended by gussets 27 along the shirt 21.
  • Said strand 4 also comprises an oblique rectilinear section 41 stretched between the deck 1 of the considered bridge and the top of the pylon 2 and a second section 42, non-rectilinear and embedded in concrete, these two sections being connected end to end at an intermediate anchoring device 28 bearing on the portion of the concrete structure in which said section 42 is embedded.
  • this second section 42 is here drowned in a portion of the deck 1.
  • this section 42 comprises a segment curved in an arc of a circle arranged in the extension of the oblique rectilinear section 41 and itself extended by a horizontal rectilinear segment extending in the longitudinal direction of the bridge.
  • This horizontal segment is itself terminated by an anchoring device 29 of the usual type bearing horizontally against the deck 1.
  • the intermediate anchoring device 28 As for the intermediate anchoring device 28, it bears against the bulkhead 1 in the opposite direction to the support of the anchoring device 29 so that these two supports make it possible to keep the section 42 under tension after it has been put under maximum tension initial.
  • the intermediate anchoring device 28 is also designed so as to be able to block the strand 4 which passes through it in one direction, namely that directed towards the deck 1.
  • this coupler 32 is also intended like the previous one to be connected between they two constituent portions of the same strand 4, namely a greased sheathed portion comprising the section 42 and housed in a channel 33 hollowed out in the deck 1 with the interposition of a grout 34 and a portion corresponding essentially to the section 41 and formed of an element of strand protected by a plastic or similar sheath directly adhered around it.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
  • Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
  • Laying Of Electric Cables Or Lines Outside (AREA)
  • Footwear And Its Accessory, Manufacturing Method And Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Installation Of Indoor Wiring (AREA)
  • Massaging Devices (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Halteseilbrücke umfassend eine Fahrbahneinheit (1), wenigstens einen Tragemast (2) und aus mehreren Strängen (4) gebildete Halteseile (3), welche jeweils zwischen einem Tragemast und der Fahrbahneinheit gespannt sind,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
    jeder der das wenigstens eine ihrer Halteseile bildenden Stränge umfaßt, in der gegenseitigen Verlängerung einzeln miteinander verbunden, einen ersten, schrägen, geradlinigen Abschnitt, welcher sich von der Fahrbahneinheit zu dem betreffenden Tragemast frei erstreckt, und einen zweiten, nicht geradlinigen Abschnitt, welcher im Inneren eines die Fahrbahneinheit oder den Tragemast bildenden massiven Betonkörpers (1,2) aufgenommen ist,
    und daß eine von dem Strang durchdrungene Zwischenverankerungseinrichtung (9,10,28) vorgesehen ist, welche sich an dem massiven Körper abstützt und derart ausgebildet ist, daß sie den in dem massiven Körper aufgenommenen, nicht geradlinigen Strangabschnitt nach Spannen der gesamten Länge des Strangs durch Ausübung eines maximalen Zugs zwischen dessen beiden Enden und anschließender Verankerung dieser Enden unter Spannung halten kann, wobei jede Zwischenverankerungseinrichtung (9,10,28) derart ausgebildet ist, daß der sie durchdringende Strang (4) in der Richtung bewegbar ist, in der er sich von dem massiven Körper (1,2) entfernt, in der umgekehrten Richtung aber automatisch blockiert wird.
  2. Halteseilbrücke nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Mittel zum Neutralisieren der Blockierung während des anfänglichen Spannens des Strangs vorgesehen sind.
  3. Halteseilbrücke nach einer der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jeder Strang wenigstens zwei aufeinanderfolgende, miteinander durch einen Koppler (18-23,32) verbundene Segmente umfaßt, nämlich ein erstes Segment, welches den nicht geradlinigen Abschnitt umfaßt und dessen eines Ende die Zwischenverankerungseinrichtung durchdringt, und ein zweites Segment, welches den größten Teil des geradlinigen Abschnitts umfaßt.
  4. Brücke nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das erste Segment des Strangs dem Typ der geschmierten und ummantelten Stränge angehört, d.h. nackt ist und in einem Mantel (12) mit dazwischen vorgesehenem Schmiermittel angeordnet ist, und daß das zweite Segment dem Typ der einzeln durch einen extrudierten Mantel (24) geschützten Stränge angehört.
  5. Halteseilbrücke nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, umfasssend wenigstens einen Sattel (5) oder gekrümmten auf einem Tragemast angeordneten Abschnitt zum Tragen eines gekrümmten Zwischenabschnitts eines Halteseils (3),
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
    jeder das wenigstens eine der Halteseile dieser Brücke bildende und mit einem derartigen Sattel zusammenwirkende Strang sich individuell von einem Fuß zum anderen des dieses Halteseil definierenden, umgekehrten V erstreckt, daß der nicht geradlinige Abschnitt des Strangs dessen gekrümmter, auf dem Sattel ruhender Abschnitt ist, und daß zum Gespannthalten dieses Strangs vorgesehen sind einerseits zwei Endverankerungseinrichtungen (7,8), welche an den zwei unteren Enden des Strangs angeordnet sind und jeweils dazu geeignet sind, das eine dieser Enden in der Fahrbahneinheit (1) der Brücke oder in einem analogen, massiven Körper zu verankern, und andererseits zusätzlich zur Zwischenverankerungseinrichtung (9), welche von dem betrachteten Strang durchdrungen wird und sich an der einen (F) der zwei vertikalen, gegenüberliegenden Flächen des den Sattel umfassenden Tragemasts abstützt, eine zweite Zwischenverankerungseinrichtung (10), welche gleichfalls von dem Strang durchdrungen wird und sich an der anderen vertikalen Fläche (G) des Tragemasts in der zur ersteren umgekehrten Richtung abstützt.
  6. Halteseilbrücke nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der nicht geradlinige Abschnitt (4₂) jedes Strangs des Halteseils in einem die Fahrbahneinheit (1) der Brücke bildenden massiven Betonkörper aufgenommen ist und daß dieser Abschnitt zwischen der Zwischenverankerungseinrichtung (28), welche er durchdringt, und einer Endverankerungseinrichtung (29) gespannt ist, welche sich an dem massiven Körper in der zur vorhergehenden umgekehrten Richtung abstützt.
EP90403769A 1990-01-11 1990-12-26 Verbesserungen an Schrägseilbrücken und insbesondere an deren Seilen, Pfeilern und Fahrbahnen Expired - Lifetime EP0437143B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9000274 1990-01-11
FR9000274A FR2656883B1 (fr) 1990-01-11 1990-01-11 Perfectionnements aux ponts a haubans et plus particulierement a leurs haubans, pylones et tabliers.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0437143A1 EP0437143A1 (de) 1991-07-17
EP0437143B1 true EP0437143B1 (de) 1994-01-05

Family

ID=9392674

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90403769A Expired - Lifetime EP0437143B1 (de) 1990-01-11 1990-12-26 Verbesserungen an Schrägseilbrücken und insbesondere an deren Seilen, Pfeilern und Fahrbahnen

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0437143B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE99754T1 (de)
BR (1) BR9100091A (de)
DE (1) DE69005807T2 (de)
DK (1) DK0437143T3 (de)
ES (1) ES2047888T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2656883B1 (de)
PT (1) PT96456B (de)

Families Citing this family (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19733822A1 (de) * 1997-08-05 1999-02-11 Dyckerhoff & Widmann Ag Verfahren zum Einbauen und Spannen eines freigespannten Zugglieds und Vorrichtung zum Durchführen des Verfahrens
FR2790274B1 (fr) * 1999-02-25 2002-06-21 Bouygues Sa Deviateur de cable de precontrainte exterieure d'un ouvrage en beton et ouvrages precontraints
DE202004008621U1 (de) * 2004-06-01 2005-10-06 Dywidag-Systems International Gmbh Ausbildung eines korrosionsgeschützten Zugglieds im Bereich seines Eintritts in ein Bauwerk, insbesondere eines Schrägseils am Pylon einer Schrägseilbrücke
KR100792660B1 (ko) 2005-11-09 2008-01-09 심준기 합성케이블을 이용한 교량시공방법
RU2515660C1 (ru) * 2010-03-26 2014-05-20 Фсл Интернациональ Аг Уплотняющая конструкция
RU2533410C2 (ru) * 2010-03-26 2014-11-20 Фсл Интернациональ Аг Усовершенствование для направляющего устройства для прядей
FR2968681B1 (fr) 2010-12-08 2015-05-29 Soletanche Freyssinet Dispositif de deviation d'un cable de structure tel qu'un hauban, et ouvrage ainsi equipe
CN102535335B (zh) * 2012-03-20 2014-03-12 柳州欧维姆机械股份有限公司 带有抗滑锁紧结构的斜拉桥索鞍
ES2589038B1 (es) * 2015-05-04 2017-09-08 Técnicas Del Pretensado Y Servicios Auxiliares, S.L. Desviador para postesado exterior de viaductos y procedimiento para su fabricación
FR3069555A1 (fr) * 2017-07-28 2019-02-01 Soletanche Freyssinet Ensemble ameliore comprenant un cable de structure et un dispositif de deviation
CN108660923B (zh) * 2018-03-22 2020-03-27 武汉船用机械有限责任公司 一种支座式转角索鞍
CN113700513B (zh) * 2021-08-03 2024-05-24 武汉科技大学 一种复合式隧道锚碇结构

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1658596A1 (de) * 1967-02-09 1970-02-19 Homberg Dr Ing Hellmut Schraegseilbruecke
FR2511721A1 (fr) * 1981-08-21 1983-02-25 Freyssinet Int Stup Dispositif de raccordement incurve entre deux portions rectilignes d'un cable tendu
FR2623551B1 (fr) * 1987-11-25 1992-04-24 Freyssinet Int Stup Perfectionnements aux haubans et a leurs composants

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PT96456B (pt) 1998-06-30
ES2047888T3 (es) 1994-03-01
DK0437143T3 (da) 1994-04-25
BR9100091A (pt) 1991-10-22
DE69005807T2 (de) 1994-05-19
ATE99754T1 (de) 1994-01-15
FR2656883B1 (fr) 1992-08-28
PT96456A (pt) 1991-10-15
DE69005807D1 (de) 1994-02-17
EP0437143A1 (de) 1991-07-17
FR2656883A1 (fr) 1991-07-12

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