EP0434448A2 - Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Spinnen von Bikomponentfasern und damit hergestellte Produkte - Google Patents

Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Spinnen von Bikomponentfasern und damit hergestellte Produkte Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0434448A2
EP0434448A2 EP90314085A EP90314085A EP0434448A2 EP 0434448 A2 EP0434448 A2 EP 0434448A2 EP 90314085 A EP90314085 A EP 90314085A EP 90314085 A EP90314085 A EP 90314085A EP 0434448 A2 EP0434448 A2 EP 0434448A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sheath
polymer
core
spinneret
distributor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP90314085A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0434448A3 (en
EP0434448B1 (de
Inventor
Barrie Linton Davies
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Invista Technologies SARL Switzerland
CNA Holdings LLC
Original Assignee
Hoechst Celanese Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hoechst Celanese Corp filed Critical Hoechst Celanese Corp
Publication of EP0434448A2 publication Critical patent/EP0434448A2/de
Publication of EP0434448A3 publication Critical patent/EP0434448A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0434448B1 publication Critical patent/EP0434448B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/28—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like while mixing different spinning solutions or melts during the spinning operation; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D01D5/30—Conjugate filaments; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D01D5/34—Core-skin structure; Spinnerette packs therefor

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a method and apparatus for spinning bicomponent filaments and the improved products produced therefrom. Further, this invention relates to a method and apparatus for spinning improved bicomponent filaments in concentric or eccentric sheath/core relationships.
  • Bicomponent filaments of the sheath/core configuration are well known and a variety of spinning packs and spinnerets have been employed in the production of such filaments.
  • a conventional spinning assembly involves feeding the sheath-forming material to the spinneret orifices in a direction perpendicular to the orifices, and injecting the core-forming material into the sheath-forming material as it flows into the spinneret orifices.
  • a bicomponent spinning assembly is disclosed in U.S. 4,406,850 whereby molten sheath polymer is issued in ribbon flow into recessed slot-like portions of the top surface of the spinneret positioned between rows of raised spinneret core inlets.
  • U.S. 4,251,200 also discloses a bicomponent spinning assembly comprising a spinneret plate and a distribution plate spaced apart, the distributor plate having an aperture opposite each orifice in the spinneret plate and a plateau-like protrusion extending about the axis common to aperture and the extrusion orifice. Additionally, the assembly includes an orifice plate for restricting the entrance to the orifice.
  • a bicomponent filament spin pack assembly can be fabricated from a distributor 10, a shim 11 and a spinneret 12.
  • Distributor 10 is positioned so as to receive a melt-extruded sheath polymer or a sheath polymer in solution through a channel 13 and a melt-extruded core polymer or core polymer in solution through channel 14.
  • Each of the sheath and core polymers are passed to the respective channels 13 and 14 by conventional melt extrusion, pump and filter means not herein illustrated.
  • the distributor 10 functions to form the core polymer into filaments and to channel the flow of sheath polymer to spinneret 12.
  • the core polymer is pumped through multiple passages 16 to the lower, even surface of distributor 10.
  • Passages 16 can be arranged in any number of rows of columns depending upon their size, the viscosity of the core polymer, the length of passages 16 and the flow characteristics of the particular core polymer.
  • the bottom of each passage 16 is tapered to provide a core filament of the desired diameter.
  • the density of passages 16 in distributor 10 when, for example, the core polymer is melted polyethylene terephthalate and the exit passage diameter is in the range from 0.1 millimeter (mm) to 1.0 mm, can be such that each passage utilizes 10 square mm of the spinneret area.
  • Sheath polymer flowing through channel 13 is pumped to passages 17 and through passages 17 to spinneret 12.
  • the passages 17 are preferably axially positioned in distributor 10 so that upon exiting passages 17 the sheath polymer will flow radially outwardly toward the inlets of passages 22.
  • a shim 11 is positioned between distributor 10 and spinneret 12 and maintained in fixed relationship to distributor 10 and spinneret 12 by bolts 19 engaging threaded recesses 20 in distributor 10.
  • Distributor 10 and spinneret 12 are relatively positioned by dowel pins 18.
  • a ring of bolts 19 has been positioned in the center of the assembly as shown in figure 2.
  • the shim can be fabricated from a variety of materials such as stainless steel or brass with stainless steel being preferred.
  • the shim can be constructed as a single unit or in two separate inner and outer pieces.
  • the number and positioning of bolts 19 is such as to control deflection, preferably limiting deflection to less than .002 mm.
  • Shim 11 must be of substantially constant thickness, preferably having a variance in thickness of less than .002 mm and the circular openings 21 must be in proper alignment with distributor passages 16 and spinneret passages 22. Shims 11 of different thicknesses, normally ranging from .025 to 0.50 mm, are employed to adjust for changes in sheath polymer viscosity, changes in polymer flux or to change the pressure drop as will be hereafter discussed.
  • the top smooth, even surface of the spinneret 12 is recessed, providing a channel 23 for the flow of sheath polymer to each passage 22.
  • Raised circular portions or buttons 24 surround each passage 22.
  • the raised portions or buttons 24 project upwardly from channel 23 to a height which is equal to the top surface 25 of spinneret 12.
  • the rate of outward flow of sheath polymer through channel 23 and over the buttons 24 to passages 22 is a result of the pressure drop determined by the thickness of shim 11.
  • the pressure drop is inversely proportioned to the third power of the height of the gap 26 between distributor 10 and spinneret 12. Close control of this gap height is effected by shim 11 and maintained by the inner circle of bolts 19.
  • the recess depth of channel 23 is selected so as to provide a low pressure drop (normally 20-50 psi) radially across the top of the spinneret.
  • the shim thickness is selected to normally provide a 100-1000 psi pressure drop across the raised buttons 24.
  • each passage 22 must be in concentric alignment with its corresponding passage 16.
  • the core polymer flows through passages 16 and passages 22, exiting spinneret 12 as the core of a bicomponent fiber.
  • the sheath polymer flows through passages 17, channel 23 and gap 26 to form a sheath about the filament of core polymer producing the aforementioned bicomponent fiber.
  • the center axis of distributor passage 16 should be within a circle having a radius less than 200 microns, preferably less than 50 microns from the center axis of the spinneret counterbore.
  • Shim 11 is positioned to cause sheath polymer 31 flowing through channel 23, over buttons 24, and through gap 26 into channel 22, forming a concentric sheath about core polymer 30 as shown.
  • Figure 5 illustrates a spinneret assembly employed to produce sheath/core bicomponent fibers wherein the core has a non-circular cross section.
  • the core polymer passes through passage 16 of distributor to a core profile shim 36 containing a passage 37 having a Y-shaped cross section.
  • the core polymer flows through core profile shim 36 to passage 22 in the manner previously described.
  • the sheath polymer is transmitted to passage 22 in the previously described manner and a bicomponent fiber having a sheath 39 and core 38 is produced.
  • the bicomponent sheath/core filaments produced by the spinneret assembly of the invention are of uniform cross section from filament to filament.
  • the core and sheath of each filament will have substantially the same cross sectional shape and area.
  • the diameter coefficient of variability for the bicomponent fibers of this invention will be less than 2.50% based upon diameter measurements of at least twenty-five simultaneously produced filaments.
  • the coefficient of variability (CV) is determined by:
  • the eccentricity coefficient of variability for twenty-five simultaneously produced concentric bicomponent filaments of the invention will proferably be less than 1.0%.
  • the eccentricity coefficient variability is determined by the following relationship: Normally, the diameter coefficient of variability for commercially produced sheath/core bicomponent filaments will exceed 4.5% and the eccentricity coefficient of variability for concentric sheath/core bicomponent filaments will exceed 6.00%.
  • sheath/core bicomponent fibers wherein the sheath polymer comprises a melted polyethylene blend as hereafter described and the core polymer comprises a melted polyethylene terephthalate although it will be understood by those skilled in the art that other sheath and core polymers could be employed.
  • a maleic anhydride grafted high density polyethylene was prepared in accordance with the procedure of U.S. 4,684,576, the disclosure of such patent being incorporated herein by reference thereto.
  • the high density polyethylene resin had a melt flow value (MFV) of 25 g/10 min. at 190°C [ASTMD-1238(E)] and a density of 0.955 g/cc (ASTM D 792) before extrusion. After extrusion its MFV measured 15 g/10 min.
  • This product was blended with a linear low density polyethylene resin having an MFV of 18 g/10 min. at 190°C such that the maleic anhydride content of the blend was between 0.09-0.12 weight percent.
  • the polymer blend hereafter employed as the sheath polymer in the following examples had an MFV of 16 g/10 min. at 190°C and a density of 0.932 g/cc.
  • the core polymer of the following examples was a polyethylene terephthalate having an intrinsic viscosity (ASTM D 2857) of 0.645.
  • the spinneret assembly of Figure 1 having spinneret hole diameters of C.374 mm was used to spin concentric bicomponent sheath/core filaments with core sheath ratios of 60 : 40 (Run 1), 70 : 30 (Run 2) and 80 : 20 (Run 3) weight percent.
  • the melted sheath polymer was passed to passages 17 at a temperature of 275°C.
  • the melted core polymer was passed to passages 16 at a temperature of 275°C.
  • the throughput per spinneret hole was 0.852, 0.903 and 0.935 g/min, respectively.
  • the bicomponent filaments were quenched with 30°C air and wound up at a speed of 2800 fpm.
  • the resulting filaments were then drawn at a draw ratio of 3.0 at 60°C and crimped in a conventional stuffer box. After drawing and heat setting at 90°C, the filaments were cut to 1.5 inch fiber lengths and the properties are shown below in Table I.
  • the spinneret assembly of the invention can be employed to produce solution spun bicomponent filaments.
  • bicomponent filaments from, for example, cellulose acetate and viscose could be produced.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
  • Multicomponent Fibers (AREA)
  • Inorganic Fibers (AREA)
EP90314085A 1989-12-21 1990-12-20 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Spinnen von Bikomponentfasern und damit hergestellte Produkte Expired - Lifetime EP0434448B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US45421789A 1989-12-21 1989-12-21
US454217 1989-12-21

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0434448A2 true EP0434448A2 (de) 1991-06-26
EP0434448A3 EP0434448A3 (en) 1991-09-25
EP0434448B1 EP0434448B1 (de) 1994-06-01

Family

ID=23803775

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90314085A Expired - Lifetime EP0434448B1 (de) 1989-12-21 1990-12-20 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Spinnen von Bikomponentfasern und damit hergestellte Produkte

Country Status (9)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0434448B1 (de)
JP (1) JP2568314B2 (de)
AT (1) ATE106461T1 (de)
CA (1) CA2030311A1 (de)
DE (1) DE69009424T2 (de)
DK (1) DK0434448T3 (de)
ES (1) ES2055347T3 (de)
IE (1) IE904617A1 (de)
PT (1) PT96353A (de)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0496734A1 (de) * 1990-08-07 1992-08-05 The Dow Chemical Company Verfahren zur herstellung von bikomponent fasern
EP0514084A2 (de) * 1991-05-15 1992-11-19 Hoechst Celanese Corporation Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Spinnen von Bikomponentfasern und damit hergestellte Produkte
EP0596248A2 (de) * 1992-10-19 1994-05-11 Mario Miani Zweikomponentenfasernextrusionskopf mit einer hochperforierten Spinndüse
US7406818B2 (en) 2004-11-10 2008-08-05 Columbia Insurance Company Yarn manufacturing apparatus and method
DE202011003102U1 (de) 2011-02-12 2012-03-22 Nextrusion Gmbh Magnetisierbare Fasern und Filamente als Markierfaden in Transportbändern

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1158205B (de) * 1955-06-30 1963-11-28 Du Pont Spinnkopf mit Vorderplatte und Hinterplatte
GB1101452A (en) * 1964-02-21 1968-01-31 Onderzoekings Inst Res An improved spinning head for the melt spinning of conjugate filaments
EP0011954A1 (de) * 1978-11-30 1980-06-11 Imperial Chemical Industries Plc Vorrichtung zum Spinnen von Bikomponentenfilamenten
US4406850A (en) * 1981-09-24 1983-09-27 Hills Research & Development, Inc. Spin pack and method for producing conjugate fibers
WO1989002938A1 (en) * 1987-10-02 1989-04-06 Hills Research & Development, Inc. Profiled multi-component fibers and method and apparatus for making same
EP0311860A2 (de) * 1987-10-02 1989-04-19 Unitika Ltd. Vliesstoff hergestellt aus Schmelzklebkompositfasern

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS522005A (en) * 1975-06-24 1977-01-08 Tooru Toyoshima Casttin place pile driving and method of and apparatus for reinforcing foundation
JPS53111116A (en) * 1977-03-03 1978-09-28 Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd Antistatic, sheath-core type conjugate fiber and its fiber mixing
JPS5537602A (en) * 1978-09-06 1980-03-15 Nec Corp Circuit used for simulation of integrated-circuit element
JPH01266217A (ja) * 1988-04-14 1989-10-24 Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd ホツトメルトバインダー繊維

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1158205B (de) * 1955-06-30 1963-11-28 Du Pont Spinnkopf mit Vorderplatte und Hinterplatte
GB1101452A (en) * 1964-02-21 1968-01-31 Onderzoekings Inst Res An improved spinning head for the melt spinning of conjugate filaments
EP0011954A1 (de) * 1978-11-30 1980-06-11 Imperial Chemical Industries Plc Vorrichtung zum Spinnen von Bikomponentenfilamenten
US4406850A (en) * 1981-09-24 1983-09-27 Hills Research & Development, Inc. Spin pack and method for producing conjugate fibers
WO1989002938A1 (en) * 1987-10-02 1989-04-06 Hills Research & Development, Inc. Profiled multi-component fibers and method and apparatus for making same
EP0311860A2 (de) * 1987-10-02 1989-04-19 Unitika Ltd. Vliesstoff hergestellt aus Schmelzklebkompositfasern

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0496734A1 (de) * 1990-08-07 1992-08-05 The Dow Chemical Company Verfahren zur herstellung von bikomponent fasern
EP0496734A4 (en) * 1990-08-07 1993-06-16 The Dow Chemical Company Method for making biocomponent fibers
EP0514084A2 (de) * 1991-05-15 1992-11-19 Hoechst Celanese Corporation Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Spinnen von Bikomponentfasern und damit hergestellte Produkte
JPH05171508A (ja) * 1991-05-15 1993-07-09 Hoechst Celanese Corp 二成分系フィラメントを製造するための方法と装置
EP0514084A3 (en) * 1991-05-15 1993-08-04 Hoechst Celanese Corporation Method and apparatus for spinning bicomponent filaments and products produced therefrom
EP0596248A2 (de) * 1992-10-19 1994-05-11 Mario Miani Zweikomponentenfasernextrusionskopf mit einer hochperforierten Spinndüse
EP0596248A3 (de) * 1992-10-19 1994-11-23 Mario Miani Zweikomponentenfasernextrusionskopf mit einer hochperforierten Spinndüse.
US5466142A (en) * 1992-10-19 1995-11-14 Miani; Mario Two-component extrusion head, having a spinneret with high perforation density
US7406818B2 (en) 2004-11-10 2008-08-05 Columbia Insurance Company Yarn manufacturing apparatus and method
DE202011003102U1 (de) 2011-02-12 2012-03-22 Nextrusion Gmbh Magnetisierbare Fasern und Filamente als Markierfaden in Transportbändern
DE102011011126A1 (de) 2011-02-12 2012-08-16 Nextrusion Gmbh Magnetisierbare Fasern und Filamente als Markierfaden in Transportbändern

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IE904617A1 (en) 1991-07-17
JP2568314B2 (ja) 1997-01-08
EP0434448A3 (en) 1991-09-25
DE69009424D1 (de) 1994-07-07
ATE106461T1 (de) 1994-06-15
DE69009424T2 (de) 1994-09-15
PT96353A (pt) 1992-09-30
EP0434448B1 (de) 1994-06-01
JPH03294509A (ja) 1991-12-25
ES2055347T3 (es) 1994-08-16
CA2030311A1 (en) 1991-06-22
DK0434448T3 (da) 1994-06-20

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