EP0433217A1 - Chamber for continuous treatment of filaments - Google Patents

Chamber for continuous treatment of filaments Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0433217A1
EP0433217A1 EP90810800A EP90810800A EP0433217A1 EP 0433217 A1 EP0433217 A1 EP 0433217A1 EP 90810800 A EP90810800 A EP 90810800A EP 90810800 A EP90810800 A EP 90810800A EP 0433217 A1 EP0433217 A1 EP 0433217A1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
chamber
parts
sealing surfaces
sealing
chambers
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EP90810800A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0433217B1 (en
Inventor
Felix Graf
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Maschinenfabrik Rieter AG
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Maschinenfabrik Rieter AG
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    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02JFINISHING OR DRESSING OF FILAMENTS, YARNS, THREADS, CORDS, ROPES OR THE LIKE
    • D02J13/00Heating or cooling the yarn, thread, cord, rope, or the like, not specific to any one of the processes provided for in this subclass
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02GCRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G1/00Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
    • D02G1/16Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics using jets or streams of turbulent gases, e.g. air, steam
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S425/00Plastic article or earthenware shaping or treating: apparatus
    • Y10S425/044Rubber mold

Definitions

  • the invention is in the field of textile technology and relates to a chamber for the continuous treatment of filaments according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • chambers are used through which the thread is drawn continuously and the fluid is usually circulated in countercurrent or cocurrent to the thread, sometimes at high temperatures.
  • the filaments are heated, braked, conveyed, stretched, dyed, coated, textured, swirled, shrunk, relaxed, fixed with ultrasound treatment, etc.
  • synthetic threads are drawn through a liquid chamber for stretching.
  • the liquid circulating in the chamber in countercurrent or cocurrent to the thread serves on the one hand for hydrodynamic braking, and on the other hand also acts as a heat exchanger due to its large heat capacity.
  • the chamber can be opened in a simple manner.
  • the chambers are often made of two or more parts that can be opened or lifted apart for opening.
  • For closing they are folded up again or positioned on top of each other and pressed together with as few easy-to-use locking devices as screws or clamps.
  • the chamber parts should lie so close to one another that - except for the inlet and outlet opening for the thread - no fluid can escape and that there are no joints in the chamber in which thread parts can get caught and get caught.
  • a drawing chamber for drawing filaments in a drawing bath is described by the applicant in Swiss patent application No. 684/89, which chamber can be opened for inserting the filament tapes. It essentially consists of a base part and a cover part, the cover part being able to be designed in such a way that the bath length, ie the length of the filament passage in the bath liquid, can also be changed. Further information on divisible chambers for stretching filaments in the liquid bath can be found there.
  • sealing between the chamber parts with conventional elastic sealing material leads to Problems.
  • Another reason against the use of sealing material in general is that the sealing material would have to be positioned very precisely, which is only possible with increased effort in the case of a sealing connection which has to be separated very often.
  • the sealant should not protrude in the slightest, nor leave a gap open, since in both cases there is a risk of filaments getting caught.
  • the chamber parts of such chambers can be equipped with metallic sealing surfaces or sealing surfaces made of other hard materials.
  • the processing requirements for such sealing surfaces are very high and it is found that the metal-sealed contact surfaces between the chamber parts can never be completely sealed without special measures. It is therefore desirable that ways and means for further improvements be sought.
  • the sealing principle of the chambers according to the invention is based on this; that the elastic deformation of the hard (non-rubber-elastic) sealing surfaces, which can be metallic or ceramic, for example, which is to be expected due to the closing forces and the medium forces, is calculated and that the sealing surfaces are corrected in such a way that they are flat under operating conditions due to the deformation and guarantee absolute tightness.
  • the shape correction can only be carried out on one of the two involved Sealing surfaces are carried out while the other is designed flat. Both sealing surfaces are then deformed under the operating conditions so that a non-flat, but absolutely tight contact surface is created.
  • Fig. 1 shows a simplified, open chamber with a lower part 1 and an upper part 2 (for differently oriented chambers rather base part 1 and cover part 2).
  • the two chamber parts are lifted from each other, the passage of the thread is indicated by an arrow.
  • the forces acting on the chamber during operation are also shown in the figure.
  • the fluid pressure p F which is caused by the fluid in the chamber, acts on the inner surface A of the chamber cavity. It is composed of a static and a dynamic component and is therefore dependent on the static pressure of the fluid and its speed.
  • a sealing pressure p D should act on the sealing surfaces B of the two parts in order to prevent the separation of the two parts and fluid leaks.
  • the sealing pressure is generally set somewhat higher than the fluid pressure. So that the system of the two chamber parts is in a force equilibrium, a closing force F must act on the chamber, which corresponds to the sum of the forces on the surfaces of the parts, i.e.:
  • the closing force F acts on a large area of the chamber parts or if it is divided into a large number of components that act on points that are distributed as regularly as possible, the forces acting on the chamber parts will not deform them.
  • the closing force F only acts in a point on the parts, they are elastically deformed under the load.
  • the elastic deformation means that portions of the sealing surfaces that are closer to the point of application of the closing force F experience a higher one, those that are further away experience a lower or no sealing pressure p D , which inevitably leads to leakages.
  • the point of application of the closing force is shown in the middle of the two chamber parts. This would correspond to a single closing means in the middle of the chamber parts.
  • FIG. 2 shows the expected deformation of the sealing surfaces of the chamber from FIG. 1 under operating conditions, that is to say under load, along a longitudinal section.
  • the figure shows the deformation of the upper chamber part f o and the deformation of the lower chamber part f u , of course completely oversized. In reality, it will always be deformations on the order of a few hundredths of a millimeter. The calculation is based on the assumption that the fluid pressure over the inner chamber surface and the sealing pressure are constant and that the two chamber parts are identical. The same deformation can be expected on both parts of the chamber if they have the same mechanical properties.
  • the sealing surfaces of the chamber parts are corrected in the manner shown schematically in FIG. 3a (f o 'and f u '), the chamber parts are deformed under operating conditions (f o ⁇ and f u ⁇ ) such that the sealing surfaces are plan, as Fig. 3b shows.
  • the shape correction can also be carried out as a sum correction only on one chamber part, which will be the preferred method because of the lower outlay.
  • 4a shows the necessary shape correction f s if only the upper chamber part of the chamber from FIG. 1 is corrected
  • FIG. 4b shows the corresponding shape of the sealing surfaces in the loaded state. If the two chamber parts, as will be the case in most real cases, are not identical, it is advantageous to correct the more elastic chamber part, since the correction method described below can be carried out on the more elastic part with less effort.
  • the shape correction will only make up a small fraction of the thickness of the chamber part, so that it can be carried out by grinding the corresponding points without changing the mechanical properties of the chamber part.
  • the prepared chamber part 10 with the sealing surface B facing away from the plate is clamped onto a magnetic or vacuum plate 11, intermediate layers 13 corresponding to the calculated deformation being inserted between the chamber part and the plate.
  • the sealing surface is ground flat using a grinding tool. It should be ensured that the chamber part is only elastically tensioned during tensioning becomes. If the chamber part is relaxed and subsequently loaded according to the operating conditions, the sealing surface will be flat.
  • FIG. 6 shows a longitudinal section through the chamber parts of a chamber which is to be pressed together by two closing means.
  • the necessary shape correction which was only carried out on the lower part of the chamber, clearly reflects the two closing force components that the two closing means will exert.
  • FIG. 7 shows further variants of chambers, the parts of which are pressed onto one another with shape-corrected, metallic sealing surfaces.
  • 7a shows a chamber for the treatment of 4 parallel threads, which consists of a large lower part and 4 smaller upper parts (one per thread).
  • Fig. 7b shows a chamber consisting of 4 chamber parts, a shape that can facilitate the fabrication of complicated interior designs.
  • a corresponding chamber can also be composed of three or more than four corresponding chamber parts.
  • FIG. 8a finally shows an embodiment of the chamber according to the invention designed for very high fluid pressures, one chamber part 20 of which is a block with a recess, in the example shown a V-shaped channel, while the other chamber part 21 is a shape corresponding to the recess in the figure Example is wedge-shaped. It is obviously advantageous in this case to correct the shape on the locking wedge 21 so that it effectively has the shape shown in Fig. 8b.
  • Appropriate chambers for the passage of several threads consist of a chamber part with several recesses and several chamber parts that fit into the recesses.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)

Abstract

So that chambers for the continuous fluid treatment of textile yarns, which consist of a plurality of chamber parts (1), (2), can be operated with aggressive fluids so as to ensure better sealing, even under increased pressures and temperatures, one or both sealing surfaces of pairs of sealing surfaces lying on one another are corrected in terms of their shape. The shape correction (fo'), (fu') is opposed to the elastic deformation (fo), fu) which the sealing surfaces experience when subjected to load under operating conditions. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung liegt auf dem Gebiete der Textiltechnik und betrifft eine Kammer zum kontiniuierlichen Behandeln von Filamenten gemäss Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1.The invention is in the field of textile technology and relates to a chamber for the continuous treatment of filaments according to the preamble of claim 1.

Für verschiedene Behandlungsverfahren von Textilfäden mit Fluiden wie zum Beispiel Luft, Dampf oder Flüssigkeiten werden Kammern verwendet, durch die der Faden kontinuierlich durchgezogen und das Fluid meist im Gegen- oder Gleichstrom zum Faden, zum Teil bei hohen Temperaturen, zirkuliert wird. In solchen Kammern werden die Filamente beheizt, gebremst, gefördert, gestreckt, gefärbt, beschichtet, texturiert, verwirbelt, geschrumpft, relaxiert, fixiert ultraschallbehandelt etc. Synthetische Fäden werden also zum Beispiel zum Strecken durch eine Flüssigkeitskammer gezogen. Die in der Kammer im Gegen- oder Gleichstrom zum Faden zirkulierende Flüssigkeit dient einerseits zum hydrodynamischen Bremsen, andererseits durch deren grosse Wärmekapazität auch als Wärmeüberträger.For various treatment processes of textile threads with fluids such as air, steam or liquids, chambers are used through which the thread is drawn continuously and the fluid is usually circulated in countercurrent or cocurrent to the thread, sometimes at high temperatures. In such chambers, the filaments are heated, braked, conveyed, stretched, dyed, coated, textured, swirled, shrunk, relaxed, fixed with ultrasound treatment, etc. For example, synthetic threads are drawn through a liquid chamber for stretching. The liquid circulating in the chamber in countercurrent or cocurrent to the thread serves on the one hand for hydrodynamic braking, and on the other hand also acts as a heat exchanger due to its large heat capacity.

Zum Einlegen der Fäden in die Kammer sowie für Inspektion und Reinigung der Kammer ist es vorteilhaft, wenn die Kammer auf einfache Art und Weise geöffnet werden kann. Aus diesem Grunde werden die Kammern oft aus zwei oder mehreren Teilen hergestellt, die zum Öffnen auseinandergeklappt oder voneinander weggehoben werden können. Zum Schliessen werden sie wieder zusammengeklappt oder aufeinander positioniert und mit möglichst wenigen, einfach zu handhabenden Schliessmitteln wie zum Beispiel Schrauben oder Klammern zusammen gepresst. In geschlossenem Zustand sollten die Kammerteile so dicht aufeinander liegen, dass ― ausser bei der Ein- und Austrittsöffnung für den Faden ― kein Fluid austreten kann und dass im Innern der Kammer keine Fugen vorhanden sind, in denen sich Fadenteile verfangen und hängenbleiben können.To insert the threads into the chamber and for inspection and cleaning of the chamber, it is advantageous if the chamber can be opened in a simple manner. For this reason, the chambers are often made of two or more parts that can be opened or lifted apart for opening. For closing, they are folded up again or positioned on top of each other and pressed together with as few easy-to-use locking devices as screws or clamps. When closed, the chamber parts should lie so close to one another that - except for the inlet and outlet opening for the thread - no fluid can escape and that there are no joints in the chamber in which thread parts can get caught and get caught.

Eine Streckkammer zum Strecken von Filamenten in einem Streckbad ist von der Anmelderin in der Schweizer Patentanmeldung Nr. 684/89 beschrieben, welche Kammer zum Einlegen der Filamentbändchen geöffnet werden kann. Sie besteht im wesentlichen aus einem Basisteil und einem Deckelteil, wobei der Deckelteil so ausgestaltet sein kann, dass auch die Badlänge, also die Länge des Filamentdurchlaufs in der Badflüssigkeit verändert werden kann. Nähere Angaben über teilbare Kammern zum Strecken von Filamenten im Flüssigkeitsbad können dort entnommen werden.A drawing chamber for drawing filaments in a drawing bath is described by the applicant in Swiss patent application No. 684/89, which chamber can be opened for inserting the filament tapes. It essentially consists of a base part and a cover part, the cover part being able to be designed in such a way that the bath length, ie the length of the filament passage in the bath liquid, can also be changed. Further information on divisible chambers for stretching filaments in the liquid bath can be found there.

Da die Ansprüche an die geometrische Exaktheit der Innenräume solcher Kammern sehr hoch ist und da vielfach aggressive Fluide bei erhöhten Temperaturen in den Kammern zirkulieren, führen Abdichtung zwischen den Kammerteilen mit herkömmlichem elastischem Dichtungsmaterial zu Problemen. Ein weiterer Grund gegen die Verwendung von Dichtungsmaterial überhaupt, besteht darin, dass das Dichtmaterial sehr genau positioniert werden müsste, was bei einer dichtenden Verbindung, die sehr oft getrennt werden muss, nur mit vermehrtem Aufwand möglich ist. Im Innenraum der Kammer dürfte bspw. das Dichtungsmittel nicht im Geringsten vorstehen, noch eine Fuge offenlassen, da in beiden Fällen die Gefahr bestünde, dass Filamente hängenbleiben.Since the demands on the geometrical accuracy of the interior of such chambers are very high and since aggressive fluids circulate in the chambers at elevated temperatures, sealing between the chamber parts with conventional elastic sealing material leads to Problems. Another reason against the use of sealing material in general is that the sealing material would have to be positioned very precisely, which is only possible with increased effort in the case of a sealing connection which has to be separated very often. In the interior of the chamber, for example, the sealant should not protrude in the slightest, nor leave a gap open, since in both cases there is a risk of filaments getting caught.

Die Kammerteile solcher Kammern können mit metallischen Dichtflächen oder Dichtflächen aus anderen harten Materialien ausgestattet sein. Jedoch sind die Bearbeitungsanforderungen an solche Dichtflächen sehr hoch und man stellt fest, dass die metallisch gedichteten Kontaktflächen zwischen den Kammerteilen ohne besondere Massnahmen nie völlig dicht zu kriegen sind. Deshalb ist es wünschbar, dass Mittel und Wege für weitere Verbesserungen gesucht werden.The chamber parts of such chambers can be equipped with metallic sealing surfaces or sealing surfaces made of other hard materials. However, the processing requirements for such sealing surfaces are very high and it is found that the metal-sealed contact surfaces between the chamber parts can never be completely sealed without special measures. It is therefore desirable that ways and means for further improvements be sought.

Die Unzulänglichkeiten bei sehr hohen Anforderungen an die Dichtung ist auf die elastische Deformation der Kammerteile und dadurch auch der Dichtflächen durch die punktuell auf sie ausgeübten Kräfte der Schliessmittel einerseits und die flächig auf sie wirkenden Kräfte der Mediums andererseits zurückzuführen. Solche Verformungen sind speziell bei grossen Dichtflächen, eher leichter, also nicht in genügendem Masse starrer Bauweise der Teile und weit auseinanderliegenden, das heisst nur wenigen Schliessmitteln zu erwarten. Grosse Dichtflächen lassen sich vor allem bei Kammern für grosse Filamentdurchlaufgeschwindigkeit und deshalb längerer Ausführung und bei breiten Kammern für die Behandlung von mehreren parallelen Fäden nicht umgehen. Eine für eine absolute Dichtheit genügend starre, das heisst aber auch sehr schwere Bauweise ergäbe eine unerwünscht hohe thermische Trägheit, zu hohe Kosten und erschwerte Handhabung. Das Anbringen von so vielen Schliessmitteln, dass durch sie eine absolute Dichtheit gewährleistet würde, führte zu einer unmöglichen Handhabung. Aus diesen Gründen musste man bis anhin mit mehr oder weniger undichten Kammern vorlieb nehmen.The inadequacies with very high demands on the seal can be attributed to the elastic deformation of the chamber parts and thereby also the sealing surfaces due to the forces of the closing means exerted on them on the one hand and the forces of the medium acting flatly on them on the other hand. Such deformations are especially to be expected with large sealing surfaces, rather lighter, i.e. not sufficiently rigid construction of the parts and widely spaced, that means only a few closing means. Large sealing surfaces cannot be avoided, especially in chambers for high filament throughput speeds and therefore longer versions, and in large chambers for the treatment of several parallel threads. A rigid enough for absolute tightness, but that would also result in very heavy construction an undesirably high thermal inertia, high costs and difficult handling. The application of so many locking devices that they would guarantee absolute tightness made handling impossible. For these reasons, you had to make do with more or less leaky chambers.

Es ist nun die Aufgabe der Erfindung, den Bau von Kammern für kontinuierliche Fluidbehandlung von Fäden aus einzelnen Kammerteilen aufzuzeigen, und zwar derart, dass sie auch bei leichter Ausführung, ohne elastisches Dichtmaterial, also lediglich mit metallischen Dichtflächen und nur wenigen Schliessmitteln auch in grossen Ausführungen dicht sind.It is now the object of the invention to demonstrate the construction of chambers for continuous fluid treatment of threads from individual chamber parts, in such a way that they can also be of a large design, even with a light design, without elastic sealing material, i.e. only with metallic sealing surfaces and only a few closing means are tight.

Diese Aufgabe wird gelöst durch die Merkmale an einer Kammer gemäss dem kennzeichnenden Teil des Patentanspruches 1. Da sich die Aufgabenstellung nur auf die Dichtigkeit der aus Teilen zusammengesetzten Kammern bezieht, wird die folgende Beschreibung sich vor allem auf die Dichtflächen dieser Kammerteile beziehen, das heisst andere Merkmale der Kammer wie zum Beispiel ihre innere Ausstattung werden in den Figuren nur schematisch angedeutet und in der Beschreibung nicht detailliert. Solche Details können der oben angegebenen Schweizer Patentanmeldung der Anmelderin entnommen werden.This object is achieved by the features on a chamber according to the characterizing part of claim 1. Since the task relates only to the tightness of the chambers composed of parts, the following description will primarily refer to the sealing surfaces of these chamber parts, that is to say others Features of the chamber, such as its internal equipment, are only indicated schematically in the figures and are not detailed in the description. Such details can be found in the applicant's Swiss patent application given above.

Die die Beschreibung illustrierenden Figuren zeigen:

  • Fig. 1: Schematische Zeichnung einer zweiteiligen Kammer mit den Kräften, die auf die einzelnen Flächen wirken.
  • Fig. 2: Längsschnitt durch die Kammer der Fig. 1 mit den durch die wirkenden Kräfte erzeugten Verformungen der Dichtflächen.
  • Fig. 3: Formkorrekturen an beiden Kammerteilen der Kammer der Fig. 1, unbelastet und belastet (Längsschnitt).
  • Fig. 4: Formkorrektur an einem Kammerteil der Kammer der Fig. 1, unbelastet und belastet (Längsschnitt).
  • Fig. 5: Herstellung der Formkorrektur.
  • Fig. 6: Formkorrektur einer Kammer, auf die zwei Schliesskräfte wirken (Längsschnitt).
  • Fig. 7: Verschiedene Ausführungsformen der erfindungsgemässen Kammer.
  • Fig. 8: Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemässen Kammer für hohe Fluiddrücke.
The figures illustrating the description show:
  • Fig. 1: Schematic drawing of a two-part chamber with the forces that act on the individual surfaces.
  • Fig. 2: longitudinal section through the chamber of Fig. 1 with the deformations of the sealing surfaces generated by the acting forces.
  • Fig. 3: Corrections of the shape of both parts of the chamber of Fig. 1, unloaded and loaded (longitudinal section).
  • Fig. 4: shape correction on a chamber part of the chamber of Fig. 1, unloaded and loaded (longitudinal section).
  • Fig. 5: Making the shape correction.
  • Fig. 6: Correction of the shape of a chamber on which two closing forces act (longitudinal section).
  • Fig. 7: Various embodiments of the inventive chamber.
  • 8: Embodiment of the chamber according to the invention for high fluid pressures.

Das Dichtprinzip der erfindungsgemässen Kammern beruht darauf; dass die durch die Schliesskräfte und durch die Mediumskräfte zu erwartende elastische Deformation der harten (nicht gummi-elastischen) Dichtflächen, die beispielsweise metallisch oder keramisch sein können, berechnet wird und dass die Dichtflächen derart formkorrigiert werden, dass sie bei Betriebsbedingungen dann durch die Deformation plan werden und absolute Dichtheit garantieren. Um Aufwand bei der Fabrikation zu ersparen, kann die Formkorrektur auch nur an einer der zwei beteiligten Dichtflächen ausgeführt werden, während die andere plan ausgestaltet ist. Beide Dichtflächen werden dann unter den Betriebsbedingungen so deformiert, dass eine nicht plane, aber absolut dichte Kontaktfläche entsteht.The sealing principle of the chambers according to the invention is based on this; that the elastic deformation of the hard (non-rubber-elastic) sealing surfaces, which can be metallic or ceramic, for example, which is to be expected due to the closing forces and the medium forces, is calculated and that the sealing surfaces are corrected in such a way that they are flat under operating conditions due to the deformation and guarantee absolute tightness. In order to save production effort, the shape correction can only be carried out on one of the two involved Sealing surfaces are carried out while the other is designed flat. Both sealing surfaces are then deformed under the operating conditions so that a non-flat, but absolutely tight contact surface is created.

Fig. 1 zeigt eine vereinfacht dargestellte, offene Kammer mit einem Unterteil 1 und einem Oberteil 2 (für anders orientierte Kammern eher Basisteil 1 und Deckelteil 2). Die beiden Kammerteile sind voneinander abgehoben, der Durchlauf des Fadens ist durch einen Pfeil angedeutet. Aus der Figur sind auch die im Betrieb auf die Kammer wirkenden Kräfte eingezeichnet. Auf die Innenfläche A des Kammerhohlraumes wirkt der Fluiddruck pF, der durch das Fluid in der Kammer bewirkt wird. Er setzt sich aus einer statischen und einer dynamischen Komponente zusammen, ist also abhängig vom statischen Druck des Fluids und von seiner Geschwindigkeit. Auf die Dichtflächen B der beiden Teile soll ein Dichtdruck pD wirken, um die Trennung der beiden Teile und Fluidlecks zu verhindern. Der Dichtdruck wird im allgemeinen etwas höher angesetzt als der Fluiddruck. Damit das System der beiden Kammerteile in einem kräftemässigen Gleichgewicht steht, muss auf die Kammer eine Schliesskraft F wirken, die der Summe der Kräfte auf die Flächen der Teile entspricht, also:

Figure imgb0001
Fig. 1 shows a simplified, open chamber with a lower part 1 and an upper part 2 (for differently oriented chambers rather base part 1 and cover part 2). The two chamber parts are lifted from each other, the passage of the thread is indicated by an arrow. The forces acting on the chamber during operation are also shown in the figure. The fluid pressure p F , which is caused by the fluid in the chamber, acts on the inner surface A of the chamber cavity. It is composed of a static and a dynamic component and is therefore dependent on the static pressure of the fluid and its speed. A sealing pressure p D should act on the sealing surfaces B of the two parts in order to prevent the separation of the two parts and fluid leaks. The sealing pressure is generally set somewhat higher than the fluid pressure. So that the system of the two chamber parts is in a force equilibrium, a closing force F must act on the chamber, which corresponds to the sum of the forces on the surfaces of the parts, i.e.:
Figure imgb0001

Wirkt die Schliesskraft F auf eine grosse Fläche der Kammerteile oder ist sie aufgeteilt in sehr viele Komponenten, die auf möglichst regelmässig verteilte Punkte wirken, werden die auf die Kammerteile wirkenden Kräfte diese nicht deformieren. Wirkt aber die Schliesskraft F nur in einem Punkt auf die Teile, werden diese unter der Belastung elastisch verformt. Die elastische Verformung führt bei planen Dichtflächen dazu, dass Anteile der Dichtflächen, die näher am Angriffspunkt der Schliesskraft F liegen, einen höheren, solche die weiter entfernt liegen einen niedrigeren oder gar keinen Dichtdruck pD erfahren, was unweigerlich zu Leckagen führt. In Fig. 1 ist der Angriffspunkt der Schliesskraft in der Mitte der beiden Kammerteile eingezeichnet. Dies würde einem einzigen Schliessmittel in der Mitte der Kammerteile entsprechen.If the closing force F acts on a large area of the chamber parts or if it is divided into a large number of components that act on points that are distributed as regularly as possible, the forces acting on the chamber parts will not deform them. However, the closing force F only acts in a point on the parts, they are elastically deformed under the load. With flat sealing surfaces, the elastic deformation means that portions of the sealing surfaces that are closer to the point of application of the closing force F experience a higher one, those that are further away experience a lower or no sealing pressure p D , which inevitably leads to leakages. In Fig. 1, the point of application of the closing force is shown in the middle of the two chamber parts. This would correspond to a single closing means in the middle of the chamber parts.

Mit der mathematischen Methode der finiten Elemente ist es möglich, die zu erwartende Deformation einer beliebigen Dichtfläche zu berechnen. Es besteht auch die Möglichkeit, die Auswirkungen unterschiedlicher Wärmedehnungen der beteiligten Teile in die Berechnung einzubeziehen.With the mathematical method of finite elements it is possible to calculate the expected deformation of any sealing surface. It is also possible to include the effects of different thermal expansions of the parts involved in the calculation.

Fig. 2 zeigt die zu erwartende Deformation der Dichtflächen der Kammer aus Fig. 1 bei Betriebsbedingungen, das heisst unter Belastung, entlang einem Längsschnitt. Die Figur zeigt die Deformation des Kammeroberteils fo und die Deformation des Kammerunterteils fu, selbstverständlich völlig überdimensioniert. In Wirklichkeit wird es sich immer um Deformationen in der Grössenordnung von einigen Hundertstel Millimeter handeln. Die Berechnung basiert auf der Annahme, dass der Fluiddruck über die Kammerinnenfläche und der Dichtdruck konstant und dass die beiden Kammerteile identisch seien. An beiden Kammerteilen ist eine gleiche Deformation zu erwarten, wenn diese gleiche mechanische Eigenschaften haben. FIG. 2 shows the expected deformation of the sealing surfaces of the chamber from FIG. 1 under operating conditions, that is to say under load, along a longitudinal section. The figure shows the deformation of the upper chamber part f o and the deformation of the lower chamber part f u , of course completely oversized. In reality, it will always be deformations on the order of a few hundredths of a millimeter. The calculation is based on the assumption that the fluid pressure over the inner chamber surface and the sealing pressure are constant and that the two chamber parts are identical. The same deformation can be expected on both parts of the chamber if they have the same mechanical properties.

Wenn nun aber die Dichtflächen der Kammerteile in der in Fig. 3a schematisch dargestellten Weise formkorrigiert (fo′und fu′) werden, werden die Kammerteile unter Betriebsbedingungen, so deformiert werden (fo˝ und fu˝), dass die Dichtflächen plan sind, wie Fig. 3b zeigt.If, however, the sealing surfaces of the chamber parts are corrected in the manner shown schematically in FIG. 3a (f o 'and f u '), the chamber parts are deformed under operating conditions (f o ˝ and f u ˝) such that the sealing surfaces are plan, as Fig. 3b shows.

Die Formkorrektur kann auch als Summenkorrektur nur an einem Kammerteil ausgeführt werden, was wegen des geringeren Aufwandes das vorzugsweise Verfahren sein wird. Fig. 4a zeigt die notwendige Formkorrektur fs, wenn nur der obere Kammerteil der Kammer aus Fig. 1 korrigiert wird, und Fig. 4b die entsprechende Form der Dichtflächen in belastetem Zustand. Wenn die beiden Kammerteile, wie das in den meisten realen Fällen sein wird, nicht identisch sind, ist es vorteilhaft, den elastischeren Kammerteil zu korrigieren, da sich das im Folgenden beschriebene Korrekturverfahren am elastischeren Teil mit einem kleineren Kräfteaufwand durchführen lässt.The shape correction can also be carried out as a sum correction only on one chamber part, which will be the preferred method because of the lower outlay. 4a shows the necessary shape correction f s if only the upper chamber part of the chamber from FIG. 1 is corrected, and FIG. 4b shows the corresponding shape of the sealing surfaces in the loaded state. If the two chamber parts, as will be the case in most real cases, are not identical, it is advantageous to correct the more elastic chamber part, since the correction method described below can be carried out on the more elastic part with less effort.

Die Formkorrektur wird in allen Fällen nur einen kleinen Bruchteil der Dicke des Kammerteiles ausmachen, sodass sie durch Abschleifen der entsprechenden Stellen ausgeführt werden kann, ohne dass sich dadurch die mechanischen Eigenschaften des Kammerteiles verändern. Zur Ausführung der Formkorrektur wird, wie in Fig. 5 dargestellt, der vorbereitete Kammerteil 10 mit der Dichtfläche B von der Platte abgewandt auf eine Magnet- oder Vakuumplatte 11 gespannt, wobei zwischen Kammerteil und Platte der berechneten Deformation entsprechende Zwischenlagen 13 eingelegt werden. In diesem elastisch verspannten Zustand wird die Dichtfläche mit einem Schleifwerkzeug plan geschliffen. Es ist darauf zu achten, dass bei der Spannung der Kammerteil nur elastisch verspannt wird. Wenn der Kammerteil entspannt und nachher entsprechend der Betriebsbedingungen belastet wird, wird die Dichtfläche plan sein.In all cases, the shape correction will only make up a small fraction of the thickness of the chamber part, so that it can be carried out by grinding the corresponding points without changing the mechanical properties of the chamber part. To carry out the shape correction, as shown in FIG. 5, the prepared chamber part 10 with the sealing surface B facing away from the plate is clamped onto a magnetic or vacuum plate 11, intermediate layers 13 corresponding to the calculated deformation being inserted between the chamber part and the plate. In this elastically clamped state, the sealing surface is ground flat using a grinding tool. It should be ensured that the chamber part is only elastically tensioned during tensioning becomes. If the chamber part is relaxed and subsequently loaded according to the operating conditions, the sealing surface will be flat.

Fig. 6 zeigt einen Längsschnitt durch die Kammerteile einer Kammer, die von zwei Schliessmitteln zusammengepresst werden soll. Die notwendige Formkorrektur, die nur am Kammerunterteil durchgeführt wurde, reflektiert deutlich die beiden Schliesskraftkomponenten, die die beiden Schliessmittel ausüben werden. 6 shows a longitudinal section through the chamber parts of a chamber which is to be pressed together by two closing means. The necessary shape correction, which was only carried out on the lower part of the chamber, clearly reflects the two closing force components that the two closing means will exert.

Fig. 7 zeigt weitere Ausführungsvarianten von Kammern, deren Teile mit formkorrigierten, metallischen Dichtflächen aufeinander gepresst werden. Fig. 7a stellt eine Kammer für die Behandlung von 4 parallelen Fäden dar, die aus einem grossen Unterteil und aus 4 kleineren Oberteilen (einer pro Faden) besteht. Der Vorteil dieser Ausführungsvariante besteht darin, dass die Kammer jedes einzelnen Fadens separat geöffnet werden kann. Fig. 7b zeigt eine Kammer bestehend aus 4 Kammerteilen, eine Form, die die Fabrikation von komplizierten Innenraumausgestaltungen erleichtern kann. Selbstverständlich kann eine entsprechende Kammer auch aus drei oder mehr als vier entsprechenden Kammerteilen zusammengesetzt sein. 7 shows further variants of chambers, the parts of which are pressed onto one another with shape-corrected, metallic sealing surfaces. 7a shows a chamber for the treatment of 4 parallel threads, which consists of a large lower part and 4 smaller upper parts (one per thread). The advantage of this embodiment variant is that the chamber of each individual thread can be opened separately. Fig. 7b shows a chamber consisting of 4 chamber parts, a shape that can facilitate the fabrication of complicated interior designs. Of course, a corresponding chamber can also be composed of three or more than four corresponding chamber parts.

Fig. 8a schlussendlich zeigt eine für sehr hohe Fluiddrücke konzipierte Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemässen Kammer, deren einer Kammerteil 20 ein Block mit einer Aussparung, im abgebildeten Beispiel einer V-förmigen Rinne, ist, während der andere Kammerteil 21 eine der Aussparung entsprechende Form, im abgebildeten Beispiel keilförmig, ist. Es ist offensichtlich vorteilhaft, die Formkorrektur in diesem Falle am Verschlusskeil 21 durchzuführen, sodass er effektiv die in Fig 8b dargestellt Form hat. Ensprechende Kammern für den Durchlauf von mehreren Fäden bestehen aus einem Kammerteil mit mehreren Aussparungen und mehreren kammerteilen, die in die Aussparungen passen. 8a finally shows an embodiment of the chamber according to the invention designed for very high fluid pressures, one chamber part 20 of which is a block with a recess, in the example shown a V-shaped channel, while the other chamber part 21 is a shape corresponding to the recess in the figure Example is wedge-shaped. It is obviously advantageous in this case to correct the shape on the locking wedge 21 so that it effectively has the shape shown in Fig. 8b. Appropriate chambers for the passage of several threads consist of a chamber part with several recesses and several chamber parts that fit into the recesses.

Claims (5)

Kammer zum kontinuierlichen Behandeln von Filamenten gekennzeichnet durch mindestens zwei Kammerteile, die durch Schliessmittel zusammengepresst werden und deren Berührungsflächen als Dichtflächen ausgebildet sind, wobei mindestens eine von allen oder einzelnen Dichtflächenpaaren, die im montierten Zustande der Kammer aufeinander liegen, eine Formkorrektur aufweist, die der elastischen Deformation der beiden Kammerteile, bewirkt durch Fluiddruck, Dichtdruck und Schliesskraft resp. Schliesskräfte, entgegengesetzt ist.Chamber for the continuous treatment of filaments characterized by at least two chamber parts which are pressed together by closing means and whose contact surfaces are designed as sealing surfaces, with at least one of all or individual pairs of sealing surfaces which lie one on top of the other in the assembled state of the chamber having a shape correction which corresponds to the elastic one Deformation of the two chamber parts, caused by fluid pressure, sealing pressure and closing force, respectively. Closing forces, is opposite. Kammer nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie aus einem Basisteil (1) und mindestens einem Deckelteil (2) besteht, wobei ein oder mehrere Fäden zwischen den Kammerteilen durchgeführt werden.Chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that it consists of a base part (1) and at least one cover part (2), one or more threads being passed between the chamber parts. Kammer nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie aus mindestens drei Kammerteilen besteht, wobei der Faden auf der Schnittgeraden der Dichtflächenebenen durchgeführt wird.Chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that it consists of at least three chamber parts, the thread being carried out on the line of intersection of the sealing surface planes. Kammer nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie aus einem Kammerteil mit mindestens einer Aussparung und weiteren Kammerteilen, die in die Aussparung passen, besteht.Chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that it consists of a chamber part with at least one recess and further chamber parts that fit into the recess. Kammer nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Aussparung eine V-förmige Rinne ist.Chamber according to claim 4, characterized in that the recess is a V-shaped groove.
EP90810800A 1989-12-14 1990-10-19 Chamber for continuous treatment of filaments Expired - Lifetime EP0433217B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH4496/89A CH679785A5 (en) 1989-12-14 1989-12-14
CH4496/89 1989-12-14

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EP0433217B1 EP0433217B1 (en) 1994-07-20

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JP2571180B2 (en) * 1992-12-08 1997-01-16 東洋電機株式会社 Heating device for false twisting
CN1323202C (en) * 1999-02-16 2007-06-27 天科纺织机械部件有限公司 Method for feeding in and starting a thread and false twist texturing device
GB0000786D0 (en) * 2000-01-14 2000-03-08 Univ Manchester Apparatus for processing textile materials
CN113479714B (en) * 2021-07-26 2022-07-26 安徽工程大学 Yarn guiding device for spinning

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EP0184625A2 (en) * 1984-12-03 1986-06-18 Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag Thread treating nozzle
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EP0256448A2 (en) * 1986-08-13 1988-02-24 B a r m a g AG Texturing jet for a moving yarn

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CH679785A5 (en) 1992-04-15
DE59006511D1 (en) 1994-08-25
US5136860A (en) 1992-08-11
EP0433217B1 (en) 1994-07-20

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