EP0432345B1 - Pièce d'horlogerie à alarme ou radio-commande avec agencement de circuits pour commander des fonctions horaires - Google Patents

Pièce d'horlogerie à alarme ou radio-commande avec agencement de circuits pour commander des fonctions horaires Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0432345B1
EP0432345B1 EP19900107470 EP90107470A EP0432345B1 EP 0432345 B1 EP0432345 B1 EP 0432345B1 EP 19900107470 EP19900107470 EP 19900107470 EP 90107470 A EP90107470 A EP 90107470A EP 0432345 B1 EP0432345 B1 EP 0432345B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
alarm
radio
clockface
circuit arrangement
illuminating device
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Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19900107470
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0432345A2 (fr
EP0432345A3 (en
Inventor
Cosmas Dipl. Ing. Malin
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Braun GmbH
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Braun GmbH
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Application filed by Braun GmbH filed Critical Braun GmbH
Priority to DE9007777U priority Critical patent/DE9007777U1/de
Publication of EP0432345A2 publication Critical patent/EP0432345A2/fr
Publication of EP0432345A3 publication Critical patent/EP0432345A3/de
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04G—ELECTRONIC TIME-PIECES
    • G04G13/00—Producing acoustic time signals
    • G04G13/02—Producing acoustic time signals at preselected times, e.g. alarm clocks
    • G04G13/021—Details

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an alarm clock or radio clock with a circuit arrangement for switching off a wake-up signal and / or for briefly switching on a dial illumination.
  • Such functions are primarily initialized today via discrete switches, for example in that a watch case has a mechanically actuated switch of some sort at a precisely predetermined point, which switch must be moved to a different position, for example, to end the wake-up alarm.
  • a mechanically actuated switch of some sort at a precisely predetermined point, which switch must be moved to a different position, for example, to end the wake-up alarm.
  • this proves to be extremely disadvantageous for the user, especially in the dark, since the switch provided cannot be found at the appropriate moment.
  • Such an arrangement works, for example, with an infrared transmitter and the associated receiver, similar to a radar system (see also DE-PS 37 19 087 ), the light reflected to the receiver being identified.
  • transceiver arrangements have the disadvantage that, due to their high power consumption, battery operation is not permitted in most applications. This means that the corresponding switching functions are only switched on or started for a very short time, for example when the pre-programmed alarm is triggered. Therefore, if you want to switch continuous functions through the same arrangement, this is not possible.
  • the high circuit complexity also means that such arrangements for operation (in particular the transmitter diode) require an operating voltage of more than 1.5 V.
  • Alarm clock arrangements that can be used flexibly should, however, operate at the lowest possible voltages and, if possible, be operated with a single conventional 1.5 V mono cell.
  • Watches are also known which use a pyroelectric sensor to control the dial lighting (e.g. CITIZEN, Japan).
  • CITIZEN pyroelectric sensor
  • these known arrangements have the disadvantage that they are structurally complex and bulky and can therefore only be produced at very high cost.
  • these arrangements which make use of a technique which is common in fire alarm sensor applications, are distinguished by a high voltage requirement and a relatively high power consumption for signal processing.
  • the IR sensor serves as a signal detector, which is connected to a preamplifier for current and voltage amplification, and which has a bandpass filter and one connected to it Amplifier is connected.
  • This amplifier is also followed by a threshold detector, which is connected to a time evaluation circuit, the bandpass filter being adjustable in such a way that its resonance frequency corresponds to the highest possible gain of the pyroelectric IR sensor.
  • 0.5m to 1m enables and can be activated over a very wide angle (greater than 60 °), which then allows safe triggering, for example a clock, in absolute darkness - without any search - whereby triggering from a greater distance is avoided, and in addition the device should only react to signals emanating from sources with a predeterminable temperature and can also suppress certain signals just as reliably that it does not, for example, emit light bulbs, fluorescent lamps and / or Heating body reacts, just as little as a person walks past, for example, there is a trigger, and finally, for example, do not trigger when unintentional movements of sleeping people.
  • this object is achieved in that a pyroelectric infrared sensor is provided as the proximity-sensitive element, to which a FET preamplifier is connected for current and voltage amplification, and the pyroelectric IR sensor is preceded by a selectively acting optical element, with which there is a time difference between different scans (ta, tc) a maximum of contrast can be achieved, the pyroelectric IR sensor is followed by a bandpass filter and connected to the amplifier, a time evaluation circuit -Timer- connected to the threshold value detector is provided, the bandpass filter being adjustable so that its Resonance frequency corresponds to the highest possible gain of the pyroelectric IR sensor, and that the selectively acting optical element and the pyroelectric IR sensor are arranged in an approximately horizontal housing roof of a housing parallel to the housing roof.
  • Pyroelectric infrared sensors are known per se and are mainly used today for automatic room and door monitoring, or, as already mentioned, for fire monitoring systems.
  • a particular advantage of using a pyroelectric infrared sensor for switching alarm clocks or radio-controlled clocks in the manner according to the invention is that the low switching effort required results in very low power consumption and the possible waiver can be reached on its own transmitter and receiver, and this enables working with a simple mono cell for power supply.
  • the reliability can be increased further by using an appropriate optical filter which, for example, adjusts the response of the arrangement to a selectively desired body temperature.
  • This selection can be significantly increased by installing an even more selective optical element - arranged in front of the filter - (or a Frenell lens).
  • IR radiation 1 for example that of a human body or part of the body, strikes an optical filter 3 via an optical element 2 (or a Frenell lens), and from there is passed on to a pyroelectric IR sensor 4.
  • optical element 2 or a Frenell lens
  • the optical element 2 serves to modulate the radiation energy of the moving radiation source 1 and is dimensioned such that the modulation frequency of the radiation corresponds to the maximum sensitivity of the pyroelectric IR sensor 4.
  • the optical filter 3 is designed such that it preferably allows a radiation of 37 degrees C to pass selectively.
  • the corresponding radiation on the active radiation-sensitive elements 41 and 42 see FIG. 2 ) triggers a charge separation.
  • a bandpass filter 5 connected to the pyroelectric IR sensor 4 and adapted both to this and to the optical element 2 has the effect that the desired frequency components of the input signal modulated by the optical element 2 are preferably amplified in an amplifier 6 connected to it. This measure ensures maximum freedom from noise and responsiveness.
  • a threshold value detector 7 which is further connected to the amplifier 6, responds to both positive and negative pulses. This is particularly important when using a pyroelectric dual IR sensor instead of a simple IR sensor and is necessary because, depending on the direction of movement Radiation source 1 - in terms of time - only a negative or only a positive pulse is generated.
  • a time evaluation circuit 8 connected to the threshold value detector 7 has, for example, the task of sufficiently delaying a pulse with respect to the output D of the threshold value detector 7 in order to enable a defined lighting duration of a dial illumination 10 connected via an output F of the time evaluation circuit 8.
  • a signal generator 11 connected to the clockwork 9 via an output G is stopped by a similar signal at the output D of the threshold detector 7.
  • a dial illumination 10 can also optionally be switched on for a predetermined lighting duration via the signal at the output F of the threshold value detector 8.
  • a voltage stabilization the input H of which is connected to the pyroelectric IR sensor 4 and the output of which is connected to the amplifier 6, ensures the necessary independence of the supply voltage of the input part of the evaluation arrangement with regard to the load when the dial illumination 10 is switched on.
  • the pyroelectric IR sensor 4 shown in FIG. 2 has a frequency-dependent sensitivity.
  • the frequency of the maximum sensitivity is largely determined by a first load resistor 43 and the distance between the radiation-sensitive elements 41 and 42.
  • the frequency behavior of the pyroelectric IR sensor 4 at its output A is due to the working distance and the dimensions of the radiating body 1 (in the case of the present exemplary embodiment, this is a human hand) or the width 21 (see Fig.3) of the optical element 2 and the distance between the optical element 2 and the radiation-sensitive elements 41 and 42 determined.
  • the same irradiation of the radiation-sensitive elements 41 and 42 causes the Voltage that remains across a load resistor connected in parallel to these elements is zero.
  • the load resistor 43 and a downstream transistor 48 are often part of the pyroelectric IR sensor 4 as a whole, the numerical value of the load resistor 43 determining the sensitivity and the response speed and the transistor 48 having the task of preamplifying the extremely small voltages across the load resistor 43.
  • the individual connection points 45, 46 and 47 are accessible for further wiring.
  • this optical element 2 consists of a single slit diaphragm with the opening 21.
  • the radiation strikes a different one Place the optical filter 3 or the pyroelectric IR sensor 4 and thus on its radiation-sensitive elements.
  • the distance between the optical element 2 and the radiation-sensitive elements 41 and 42 and the width of the opening 21 of the slit diaphragm are so matched to the working distance between the radiation source 1 and the optical element 2 and the dimensions of the radiation source 1 that between scans to the A maximum degree of contrast can be achieved at times ta and tc.
  • the following guideline values are symptomatic for the dimensioning:
  • the working distance should be less than 0.7 m and the triggering distance between the times ta and tc should be approximately 20-30 cm.
  • the dimensions of the human hand are preferably used for the dimensions of the radiation source.
  • the working distance means the distance from the alarm clock at which it should respond selectively
  • the trigger path represents the angular field that has to be covered in order to generate a safe triggering.
  • FIGS. 4a to 4c show various current flow diagrams, as are typical when passing through a radiation source Alarm clocks occur, plotted.
  • the period times for conventional hand movements that arise from the knowledge gained previously are in the range of approximately 0.05-0.5 seconds.
  • FIG. 4a shows the current or voltage curve for the radiation-sensitive element 41.
  • the current or voltage amplitude reaches its maximum value at the point in time ta.
  • 4c shows the voltage curve present at the output of a pyroelectric dual-IR sensor, which is processed by the subsequent electronics.
  • FIGS. 5a and 5c Exemplary embodiments of the optical element 2 are shown in FIGS. 5a and 5c .
  • 5a shows a front view in principle.
  • the radiation-sensitive elements 41 and 42 of the pyroelectric IR sensor 4 and the optical filter 3 are visible through the opening 21 of the slit diaphragm of the optical element 2.
  • 5c shows the solution with a pyroelectric single IR sensor 4.
  • FIGS. 6a and 6b A second exemplary embodiment of an optical element 2 is shown in FIGS. 6a and 6b .
  • 6a shows the basic arrangement of the optical element 2, the optical filter 3, the pyroelectric IR sensor 4 and the visually enlarged radiation-sensitive elements 41 and 42.
  • FIG. 6b shows a lens 22 instead of the optical filter 3, which is a cylindrical lens in this exemplary embodiment.
  • the lens 22 serves to increase the response sensitivity of the arrangement and this is realized in that the lens 22 bundles a larger amount of radiation onto the visually enlarged radiation-sensitive elements 41 and 42.
  • the distance between the lens 22 and the radiation-sensitive elements 41 and 42 corresponds approximately to the focal length of the lens 22.
  • the lens curvature of the lens 22 runs approximately along the contour of the radiation-sensitive elements 41 and 42. This serves to homogenize the response behavior or to enlarge the field of view X.
  • FIG. 7 shows a constructive detail of the installation of a pyroelectric sensor 4 in a conventional alarm clock housing, it being particularly important that the pyroelectric IR sensor is attached at an angle W such that that of its signal field trigger field that can be covered by an optical grid is turned away from the user, so that a conscious and intentional movement is required for triggering and unintentional triggering can be avoided.
  • This also requires that the slit diaphragm is arranged asymmetrically to accommodate the pryroelectric IR sensor.
  • the pyroelectric IR sensor 4 is located at the input of the circuit.
  • This circuit also has a (see Fig. 2b) FET preamplifier 48.
  • a first output 45 forms the drain connection of the FET preamplifier 48 and a second output 46 forms the source connection of the FET preamplifier 48.
  • the drain connection is then connected to the supply voltage U via a first resistor 44.
  • the source connection is connected to ground 0 via a second resistor 54.
  • a capacitor 53 is connected in parallel with the second resistor 54. This circuit also serves to amplify the voltage with respect to the connection point A.
  • this measure improves the power amplification of the preamplifier by orders of magnitude.
  • this type of circuit suppresses low frequency and direct current components, ie the desired frequency components are preferably amplified.
  • the bandpass filter 5 is formed from the RC elements, a second capacitor 51, a third resistor 52, a third capacitor 53, a fourth resistor 54 and a fourth capacitor 55 and a fifth resistor 56.
  • These RC elements form a bandpass characteristic, the lower limit frequency of which is determined by the RC element (second capacitance 51, third resistor 52) and the upper limit frequency of which is determined by the RC element (third capacitor 53, fourth resistor 54).
  • the lower or upper limit frequency matched to the previously described modulation of the input signal. This measure further promotes the selection of the desired signals, for example as a result of a hand movement, and thus increases the response reliability.
  • Such a bandpass characteristic is approximately 2-20 Hz in accordance with the dimensioning of the optical element 2.
  • the amplifier 6 connected downstream of the bandpass filter 5 comprises an operational amplifier 61 in the present circuit.
  • the amplifier 6 is then connected to the threshold detector 7, which - as already mentioned above - responds to both positive and negative pulses. This is necessary in particular when using pyroelectric dual IR sensors because, depending on the direction of movement of the radiation source 1, only a positive or only a negative pulse can be generated.
  • the threshold voltage is defined by a sixth resistor 71 and a seventh resistor 72 and an eighth resistor 73 and a ninth resistor 74.
  • a first transistor 76 and a second transistor 77 are connected with different polarities in the threshold value detector, ie if, for example, the first transistor 76 is a pnp type, the second transistor 77 is an npn type.
  • the ratio of the sixth resistor 71 and the seventh resistor 72 or that of the eighth resistor 73 and that of the ninth resistor 74 are determined such that, in the absence of a signal at input C, the voltages across the resistors 74 and 71 are lower than the base breakdown voltages of the transistors 76 and 77.
  • both transistors block when there is no input signal. If, on the other hand, a positive pulse arrives at the input C of the threshold value detector 7, the second transistor 77 becomes conductive and switches to the subsequent stage at the output D. However, if a negative pulse arrives at the input C of the threshold value detector 7, the first transistor 76 becomes conductive and thus also displaces it second transistor 77 in the conductive state. Thus, in both of the cases described above, a signal is sent to the timing control unit 8.
  • the voltage stabilization 12 formed from a second load resistor 121 and a second load capacitance 122, stabilizes the supply voltage U of the pyroelectric IR sensor 4 and the input part of the amplifier 6. This results in a very high degree of independence with regard to the loads on U.
  • the supply U come from a battery and thus the battery voltage would show considerable fluctuations when loaded by an incandescent lamp without stabilization. Such fluctuations can lead to interference due to the necessary high amplification of the input signal and must therefore be avoided.
  • the voltage stabilization 12 also aims to compensate for the behavior of the circuit formed from the resistors 44 and 54 and the capacitance 53 at different supply voltages.
  • Figures 9a to 9c show the essential features of the spatial structure of the mechanical components of an embodiment in the form of an alarm clock.
  • the alarm clock housing W shown in an exploded view in FIG. 9a contains a conventional clock arrangement with an electromechanically designed clockwork 9 (which is indicated in the present figure only by the corresponding reference symbol). and the optical element 2 provided on the roof-side surface of the alarm clock housing W.
  • the radiation signals to be triggered by hand movements are thus carried out in this exemplary embodiment by sweeping over the alarm clock with one hand movement.
  • FIG. 9b - in a side view of the same alarm clock housing in a partial schematic diagram - it is provided for the corresponding functioning of the arrangement that the pyroelectric IR sensor 4 can be fastened at an angle W of approximately 90 degrees to the base of the alarm clock housing, and that the optical element 2 is attached at approximately the same angle over the IR sensor.
  • 10a shows a further exemplary embodiment with regard to the structural design of the corresponding alarm clock housing and the clockwork 9 and the optical element 2 to be arranged therein.
  • FIG. 10b shows the side view of the same exemplary embodiment and the angle W at which the pyroelectric IR sensor is attached is of crucial importance, namely in such a way that the sensor directed here against the front side is not directed directly towards the user .
  • the orientation of the opening 21 (not specifically designated in this FIG. 10b; see FIG. 3) of the slit diaphragm of the optical element 2 defines the direction of the field of view X -dh of the response-sensitive area. This area is preferably located above the standing surface of the alarm clock housing W.
  • triggering movements which are at approximately the same height as or lower than the standing surface of the alarm clock housing W are not recorded for evaluation.
  • the inclination of the sensitivity vector with respect to the horizontal prevents false triggering by movements of a sleeper near the alarm clock.
  • the elevation angle W of the trigger vector is approximately 20 degrees in the exemplary embodiment.
  • 10c shows a front view of the mechanical structure of an alarm clock, the installation position of the pyroelectric IR sensor 4 can be seen in principle, in particular also with regard to the footprint of the alarm clock housing.
  • the partially cut-open representation makes the radiation-sensitive elements 41 and 42 of the pyroelectric IR sensor 4 visible.
  • the arrangement of the same is such that its longitudinal axis moves parallel to the base of the alarm clock housing, ie the elements 41 and 42 are arranged one above the other. This functionally assigns an increased sensitivity to the direction of movement perpendicular to the footprint. Movements parallel to the base of the alarm clock housing W do not trigger. These measures prevent tripping when a person walks past the alarm clock.
  • FIGS. 11a and 11b A third exemplary embodiment is shown in FIGS. 11a and 11b , in which the vertical arrangement of the alarm clock is replaced by a structure in which a side wall curved toward the front is provided for receiving the pyroelectric IR sensor.
  • 11a illustrates the arrangement of the sensor next to the conventional clockwork 9.
  • FIG. 11b illustrates in a top view the same arrangement as in FIG. 11a the mechanical-local position of the components and the direction of the trigger vector.
  • the leveling angle W is about 45 degrees.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Photometry And Measurement Of Optical Pulse Characteristics (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
  • Electric Clocks (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Réveil ou radio-réveil avec un agencement de circuit pour mettre hors circuit un signal de réveil et/ou pour mettre en circuit, pendant une brève durée, un éclairage de cadran (10), comportant un détecteur de signaux travaillant dans le domaine infrarouge, un amplificateur (6) et un détecteur à valeur de seuil (7) monté en aval de l'amplificateur (6),
       caractérisé par le fait
    - que le détecteur de signaux est un détecteur pyro-électrique infrarouge (4), qu'à ce détecteur est relié, pour amplifier le courant et la tension, un préamplificateur à transistor à effet de champ FET (48),
    - qu'en amont du détecteur pyro-électrique infrarouge (4) est monté un élément optique (2) à action spécifique avec lequel on peut obtenir une valeur maximale du contraste entre des échantillonnages (ta, tc) différents dans le temps,
    - qu'en aval du détecteur pyro-électrique infrarouge (4) est monté un filtre passe-bande (5) relié à l'amplificateur (6),
    - qu'est prévu un circuit de traitement du temps relié à ce détecteur à valeur de seuil (7), avec fonction temporisateur (8),
       étant précisé que le filtre passe-bande (5) est réglable de façon que sa fréquence de résonance corresponde à l'amplification maximale possible du détecteur pyro-électrique infrarouge (4), et
       par le fait que l'élément optique (2) à action sélective et le détecteur pyro-électrique infrarouge (4) sont prévus dans un toit, orienté à peu près horizontalement, d'un boîtier (30̸) et y sont disposés parallèlement au toit du boîtier.
  2. Réveil ou radio-réveil avec un agencement de circuit pour mettre hors circuit un signal de réveil et/ou pour mettre en circuit pendant une brève durée un éclairage de cadran (10), selon la revendication 1,
       caractérisé par le fait que l'élément optique (2) à action sélective est formé par un diaphragme à fente (21).
  3. Réveil ou radio-réveil avec un agencement de circuit pour mettre hors circuit un signal de réveil et/ou pour mettre en circuit pendant une brève durée un éclairage de cadran (10), selon la revendication 1,
       caractérisé par le fait que l'élément optique (2) à action sélective est formé par une lentille cylindrique (22).
  4. Réveil ou radio-réveil avec un agencement de circuit pour mettre hors circuit un signal de réveil et/ou pour mettre en circuit pendant une brève durée un éclairage de cadran (10), selon les revendications précédentes,
       caractérisé par le fait qu'en aval de l'élément optique (2) à action sélective est monté un filtre optique (3) sélectif à l'égard de la température.
  5. Réveil ou radio-réveil avec un agencement de circuit pour mettre hors circuit un signal de réveil et/ou pour mettre en circuit pendant une brève durée un éclairage de cadran (10), selon les revendications précédentes,
       caractérisé par le fait que comme détecteur pyro-électrique infrarouge (4) on met en oeuvre un détecteur infrarouge double.
  6. Réveil ou radio-réveil avec un agencement de circuit pour mettre hors circuit un signal de réveil et/ou pour mettre en circuit pendant une brève durée un éclairage de cadran (10), selon les revendications précédentes,
       caractérisé par le fait que le circuit à transistor à effet de champ (48) est conçu de façon que l'amplification de la tension alternative soit supérieure à celle de la tension continue.
  7. Réveil ou radio-réveil avec un agencement de circuit pour mettre hors circuit un signal de réveil et/ou pour mettre en circuit pendant une brève durée un éclairage de cadran (10), selon les revendications précédentes,
       caractérisé par le fait que le détecteur à valeur de seuil est formé par deux transistors (76,77) à polarité opposée, chacune de leur base étant reliée avec l'entrée par l'intermédiaire de, chacune, un diviseur de tension qui est monté entre l'entrée et une première tension de référence d'une part et entre l'entrée et une seconde tension de référence d'autre part et la polarité de leur émetteur correspondant à la polarité de la tension de référence.
  8. Réveil ou radio-réveil avec un agencement de circuit pour mettre hors circuit un signal de réveil et/ou pour mettre en circuit pendant une brève durée un éclairage de cadran (10), selon les revendications précédentes,
       caractérisé par le fait que le temporisateur (8) est relié, par l'intermédiaire de l'éclairage de cadran (10), avec un détecteur de lumière (13) par l'intermédiaire duquel la mise en circuit de cet éclairage peut être bloquée.
  9. Réveil ou radio-réveil avec un agencement de circuit pour mettre hors circuit un signal de réveil et/ou pour mettre en circuit pendant une brève durée un éclairage de cadran (10), selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, comprenant un boîtier (30̸) et un mouvement, mécanique ou électronique, d'horlogerie (9),
       caractérisé par le fait que l'élément optique (2) à action sélective est rapporté dans le boîtier (30) de façon telle que les mouvements de déclenchement donnent une valeur maximale d'énergie de signaux dans les éléments (41, 42) du détecteur pyro-électrique infrarouge (4) sensibles au rayonnement.
  10. Réveil ou radio-réveil avec un agencement de circuit pour mettre hors circuit un signal de réveil et/ou pour mettre en circuit pendant une brève durée un éclairage de cadran (10), selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, comprenant un boîtier (30̸) et un mouvement, mécanique ou électronique, d'horlogerie (9),
       caractérisé par le fait que l'élément optique (2) à action sélective est constitué d'un diaphragme à fente avec ouverture (21) à symétrie centrale à travers laquelle ne peut chaque fois parvenir - en fonction du lieu de déclenchement et de la dimension de l'objet déclencheur - que le rayonnement d'un unique élément (41, 42) du détecteur pyro-électrique infrarouge (4) sensible au rayonnement.
EP19900107470 1989-11-16 1990-04-19 Pièce d'horlogerie à alarme ou radio-commande avec agencement de circuits pour commander des fonctions horaires Expired - Lifetime EP0432345B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE9007777U DE9007777U1 (de) 1989-11-16 1990-04-19 Wecker-, Funk-, Termin- oder Großuhr

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH413289 1989-11-16
CH4132/89 1989-11-16

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0432345A2 EP0432345A2 (fr) 1991-06-19
EP0432345A3 EP0432345A3 (en) 1991-11-06
EP0432345B1 true EP0432345B1 (fr) 1994-10-26

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ID=4270432

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EP19900107470 Expired - Lifetime EP0432345B1 (fr) 1989-11-16 1990-04-19 Pièce d'horlogerie à alarme ou radio-commande avec agencement de circuits pour commander des fonctions horaires

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EP (1) EP0432345B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE59007559D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2062156T3 (fr)

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3176558D1 (en) * 1980-12-29 1988-01-14 Rothenhaus Robert Control device responsive to infrared radiation
DE3719087C2 (de) * 1987-06-06 1993-11-18 Braun Ag Alarmabschalteinrichtung für eine Wecker- oder Terminuhr

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EP0432345A2 (fr) 1991-06-19
ES2062156T3 (es) 1994-12-16
DE59007559D1 (de) 1994-12-01
EP0432345A3 (en) 1991-11-06

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