EP0431269B1 - Method and device for monitoring the pressing forces of a pelleting machine - Google Patents

Method and device for monitoring the pressing forces of a pelleting machine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0431269B1
EP0431269B1 EP90117988A EP90117988A EP0431269B1 EP 0431269 B1 EP0431269 B1 EP 0431269B1 EP 90117988 A EP90117988 A EP 90117988A EP 90117988 A EP90117988 A EP 90117988A EP 0431269 B1 EP0431269 B1 EP 0431269B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
computer
pulse generator
pelleting machine
pressing forces
angular
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EP90117988A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0431269A1 (en
EP0431269B2 (en
Inventor
Jürgen Ing. Grad. Hinzpeter
Ingo Schmidt
Heinrich Behrmann
Jörg Reitberger
Klaus-Peter Preuss
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Fette GmbH
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Wilhelm Fette GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
    • B30B15/32—Discharging presses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
    • B30B11/005—Control arrangements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
    • B30B11/02—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses using a ram exerting pressure on the material in a moulding space
    • B30B11/08—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses using a ram exerting pressure on the material in a moulding space co-operating with moulds carried by a turntable

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for monitoring the maximum pressing forces of a tableting machine with a rotating die plate and punches, the maximum pressing forces of which are given for further evaluation in a computer via which an ejection device for bad tablets can be controlled.
  • the pressing forces used for this are continuously measured during production and compared with target values. If a measured maximum pressing force value lies outside the setpoint limits, the corresponding tablet must be sorted out. This is done by actuating an ejection device which is arranged behind a pressing station, specifically behind the main printing station, to which a pre-printing station is assigned. The prerequisite for this is that the maximum press force values of at least the pressure rollers of the main printing station are continuously measured and evaluated. In view of the high rotational speed of the die plate, the measurement results are evaluated on a computer, into which the measured press force values are entered.
  • Monitoring the pressing forces in the manufacture of tablets is not only necessary to identify defects and to sort out bad tablets in good time, but is also monitored in order to be able to continuously provide evidence of the quality of the tablets produced and thus provide proof at a later point in time can that the tablets produced correspond to the required quality by producing them under a predetermined compression force.
  • a continuous control and display of the measurement results and the size of any errors that occur can thus be made possible via the computer.
  • a stamp proximity switch on the die plate as a measuring sensor, with which the time at which the maximum of the Press force is present. It is a proximity switch that triggers a switching pulse, for example, when a metal part traverses an electrical field in front of it. Accordingly, 30 pulses per revolution are triggered on a die plate with, for example, 30 die holes and put into the computer.
  • this stamp proximity switch is followed by a second stamp proximity switch as a measuring sensor, the pulse length of which depends on the circumferential speed or the speed of the die plate, so that the computer can determine the position of a stamp exactly as the die plate rotates at any time.
  • stamp proximity switches has been shown to be incomplete when a die plate with a given stamp division, such as 30 stamps, for example, is to be exchanged for another with a different stamp division, such as 24 die holes or another die plate with the same, on a tabletting machine Stamp division, however, of a different nature of the die holes for the purpose of producing larger or smaller tablets.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a method and a device for monitoring the maximum pressing forces, which allow a die plate to be replaced by another, without the need to change the electronic device with the position of the individual punches or die plate itself is to be determined in order to assign these values to the measured maximum pressing force values for the purpose of further evaluation.
  • the position of the die plate is continuously determined with an angular pulse generator by emitting pulses, which is connected to a computer with which the pulses are assigned to the entered maximum pressing force values for further evaluation.
  • An angle pulse generator is a commercially available sensor, which is either an inductive pulse generator on Ma gnetbased can be formed or works on an optical basis using light-emitting diodes and photoelectric cells, the formation can be such that with an angular pulse generator, several independent pulses can be delivered simultaneously, which can be, for example, three individual pulse generators are combined in a housing or a transmitter.
  • the main advantage of the angular pulse generator can be seen in the fact that it continuously measures the position of a die plate and thus its associated punch during circulation, regardless of the punch pitch or number of die holes in the respective die plate. In any case, this is the case if the signal transmitter for the angular pulse generator is connected to the drive of the die plate, so that it does not need to be exchanged for another one when the die plate is changed.
  • the invention provides that a coded disk is provided as the signal transmitter, which is preferably arranged on the drive shaft of the die disk, the coding being able to consist, for example, of a line marking.
  • a die plate for example, 3,600 pulses can be triggered, so that with a punch division of 30 or 30 die holes arranged over the circumference of the die plate, 120 pulses are triggered for the passage of each die, which are taken into account by evaluating the speed of the die plate allow the computer to be continuously assigned to the independently measured maximum press force values.
  • the rotational speed to be taken into account for this can be continuously determined with the same angle pulse generator if the disk or the signal transmitter is provided with a marking, by means of which a separate pulse is caused with each revolution of the die disk.
  • the angular pulse generator Since the maximum pressing forces to be evaluated are caused by the pressure rollers of the stationary main press station, it is expedient to choose the location of the main pressure rollers as a reference point or as a "zero degree position" and then to align the angular pulse generator with the associated signal disk. If the one die plate is replaced by another, the angular pulse generator does not need to be adjusted, since its measurement results depend solely on the position of the stationary main pressure station or are independent of the nature of a die plate.
  • the die plate 2 is part of a high-performance tabletting machine which is designed as a so-called double rotary machine and has two main printing stations 8 and 8 ', which are preceded by pre-printing stations 7 and 7'. With respect to the direction of rotation of the die plate counterclockwise according to arrow 6, there are sorting switches 10 and 10 'behind the two main pressure stations, which are to be moved in accordance with the double arrow 11 if a bad tablet is to be eliminated.
  • the pre-printing stations 7, 7' as well as main printing stations 8 and 8 'and sorting switches 10 and 10' are arranged in a stationary manner, while the die plate 2 with the die holes 5 and the punches 4 rotate during operation.
  • a single tablet For the production of a single tablet, its powder is first pressed in a matrix bore 5 by pressure rollers 12 or 12 'in a pre-pressure station 7 or 7' and then pressed under maximum pressure with pressure rollers 13 in a main pressure station 8 or 8 '.
  • the pressing forces used for this are continuously measured using strain gauges at a measuring point 28 (FIG. 7).
  • the measuring point 28 is followed by an amplifier 30 which transmits the signals via an analog-digital converter 32 to a computer 34 which is designed as a pressing force monitoring device and for this purpose compares the received pressing force signals with setpoint limits by electronic processing.
  • a control device 38 for a sorting gate 10 can be controlled in order to remove a bad tablet if it is present.
  • an angle pulse generator 20 is provided for their location determination seen that interacts with a coded disc, which is provided as a signal transmitter, for example, with a line marking, by which, for example, 3,600 pulses are triggered when the die disc rotates, so that 150 stamps are associated with each stamp when it passes through a main press station.
  • the signal disk 18 is arranged on the drive shaft 16 of the die plate 2, so that it rotates once with each revolution of a die plate, but is completely independent of the particular nature of the die plate, that is to say is effective regardless of which stamp division is provided for the die plate.
  • the signal disk is provided with a marking which triggers only one pulse during each revolution, which can be referred to as a circumferential pulse or circulation pulse 22, it is expedient to trigger this pulse when the marking passes through the zero starting position, that is to say to that Time at which a maximum pressing force is exerted on the main station 8 by a punch.
  • a marking which triggers only one pulse during each revolution
  • FIG. 4 A corresponding representation can be found in FIG. 4, in which the pressure force curve for the plungers S1, S2 and S3 is shown in the upper diagram and below the representation is shown for the circumferential pulse 22, the switching edge 23 of which is below the pressure force maximum of the plunger S1 corresponding to line 40 lies.
  • curve (1) shows the pressure force curve at the pre-printing station 7 and curve (2) the pressure force curve at the main printing station 8, in each case over time (t), so that it can be seen that the maximum pressing force of the Stamp S1 was measured at a later point in time at the main printing station 8 than at the pre-printing station 7.
  • the maximum of the pressing force of the stamp S1 lies according to curve 2 on the zero line 40, on which the switching flank 23 of the circulation pulse 22 is also set by setting the signal disk accordingly 18 lies.
  • the pulse chains which are denoted by ⁇ p 1 and ⁇ p 2 and can be assigned to the main printing station 8 and the pre-printing station 7.
  • pulse chains or the curves (4, 5) are those pulses which are input by the pulse generator 20 directly into a first computer 26 (FIG. 7) in accordance with the illustration according to FIG. 6.
  • the computer 26 converts the signals Output signals corresponding to curves 6 and 7 for the form and main printing station, at which the pulses are at a distance from one another which corresponds to the stamp pitch ⁇ p S1, which is entered for curves 2, 3, 4 and 5.
  • the pulses corresponding to curves 6 and 7 are entered in parallel to the measured pressing forces in the second computer 34 via the analog-digital converter 32, so that a calculation of the form and the main pressure of individual stamps is made possible by a calculation, with double-rounder machines also taking into account the second press station and, in addition, control of the sorting gate 10 and output of the results in the manner of documents or via a display 36 is possible.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Medical Preparation Storing Or Oral Administration Devices (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Presses And Accessory Devices Thereof (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Einrichtung zum Überwachen der maximalen Preßkräfte einer Tablettiermaschine mit einer umlaufenden Matrizenscheibe und Stempeln, deren maximalen Preßkräfte zur weiteren Auswertung in einen Rechner gegeben werden, über den eine Auswerfeinrichtung für Schlechttabletten zu steuern ist.The invention relates to a method and a device for monitoring the maximum pressing forces of a tableting machine with a rotating die plate and punches, the maximum pressing forces of which are given for further evaluation in a computer via which an ejection device for bad tablets can be controlled.

Um bei der Herstellung von Tabletten eine vorgegebene Qualität sicher zu stellen, werden während der Herstellung die dafür angewandten Preßkräfte fortlaufend gemessen und mit Sollwerten verglichen. Liegt ein gemessener maximaler Preßkraftwert außerhalb von Sollwertgrenzen, so ist die entsprechende Tablette auszusortieren. Derartiges erfolgt durch Betätigung einer Auswerfeinrichtung, die hinter einer Preßstation angeordnet ist und zwar hinter der Hauptdruckstation, der eine Vordruckstation zugeordnet ist. Voraussetzung dafür ist es, daß fortlaufend die maximalen Preßkraftwerte zumindest der Druckrollen der Hauptdruckstation gemessen und ausgewertet werden. Mit Rücksicht auf die hohe Umlaufgeschwindigkeit der Matrizenscheibe erfolgt die Auswertung der Meßergebnisse über einen Rechner, in den die gemessenen Preßkraftwerte eingegeben werden. Außerdem bedarf es jedoch der Eingabe von Signalen in den Rechner, denen die jeweilige Stellung der zugehörigen Matrizenbohrung bzw. der entsprechenden Stempel beim Umlauf der Matrizenscheibe zu entnehmen ist, um einen Fehler bei der Herstellung von Tabletten einem bestimmten Stempelpaar zuordnen zu können für eine weitere Auswertung der Meßergebnisse.In order to ensure a predetermined quality in the production of tablets, the pressing forces used for this are continuously measured during production and compared with target values. If a measured maximum pressing force value lies outside the setpoint limits, the corresponding tablet must be sorted out. This is done by actuating an ejection device which is arranged behind a pressing station, specifically behind the main printing station, to which a pre-printing station is assigned. The prerequisite for this is that the maximum press force values of at least the pressure rollers of the main printing station are continuously measured and evaluated. In view of the high rotational speed of the die plate, the measurement results are evaluated on a computer, into which the measured press force values are entered. In addition, however, it is necessary to input signals into the computer, from which the respective position of the associated die bore or the corresponding punch can be seen when the die disk rotates, in order to be able to assign an error in the manufacture of tablets to a specific pair of punches for further evaluation of the measurement results.

Ein Überwachen der Preßkräfte bei der Herstellung von Tabletten ist nicht nur notwendig, um Fehler festzustellen und Schlechttabletten rechtzeitig auszusortieren, sondern eine Überwachung erfolgt auch, um Belege über die Güte der hergestellten Tabletten fortlaufend erstellen zu können und damit zu einem späteren Zeitpunkt den Nachweis führen zu können, daß die hergestellten Tabletten der geforderten Qualität entsprechen, in dem die Herstellung unter einer vorherbestimmten Preßkraft erfolgte. Über den Rechner läßt sich damit eine fortlaufende Kontrolle und Darstellung der Meßergebnisse sowie der Größe etwaiger auftretender Fehler ermöglichen.Monitoring the pressing forces in the manufacture of tablets is not only necessary to identify defects and to sort out bad tablets in good time, but is also monitored in order to be able to continuously provide evidence of the quality of the tablets produced and thus provide proof at a later point in time can that the tablets produced correspond to the required quality by producing them under a predetermined compression force. A continuous control and display of the measurement results and the size of any errors that occur can thus be made possible via the computer.

Um gemessene maximale Preßkräfte den Stempeln zuordnen zu können, die sie hervorgerufen haben, ist es bekannt (DE - A 28 24 547) an der Matrizenscheibe als Meßgeber einen Stempelnäherungsschalter anzuordnen, mit dem zu jedem Einzelpreßkraftwert der Zeitpunkt angegeben wird, zu dem das Maximum der Preßkraft vorliegt. Es handelt sich dabei um einen Näherungsschalter, der einen Schaltimpuls auslöst beispielsweise wenn ein Metallteil ein vor ihm liegendes elektrisches Feld durchwandert. An einer Matrizenscheibe mit beispielsweise 30 Matrizenbohrungen werden demzufolge pro Umdrehung 30 Impulse ausgelöst und in den Rechner gegeben. Diesem Stempelnäherungsschalter ist bei der bekannten Tablettiermaschine ein zweiter Stempelnäherungsschalter als Meßgeber nachgeordnet, dessen Impulslänge abhängig ist von der Umfangsgeschwindigkeit bzw. der Drehzahl der Matrizenscheibe, so daß über den Rechner eine genaue Bestimmung der Stellung eines Stempels beim Umlauf der Matrizenscheibe zu jedem Zeitpunkt möglich ist.In order to be able to assign the maximum press forces measured to the punches that caused them, it is known (DE - A 28 24 547) to arrange a stamp proximity switch on the die plate as a measuring sensor, with which the time at which the maximum of the Press force is present. It is a proximity switch that triggers a switching pulse, for example, when a metal part traverses an electrical field in front of it. Accordingly, 30 pulses per revolution are triggered on a die plate with, for example, 30 die holes and put into the computer. In the known tabletting machine, this stamp proximity switch is followed by a second stamp proximity switch as a measuring sensor, the pulse length of which depends on the circumferential speed or the speed of the die plate, so that the computer can determine the position of a stamp exactly as the die plate rotates at any time.

Die Anwendung und Ausnutzung der bekannten Stempelnäherungsschalter hat sich jedoch als unvollkommen gezeigt, wenn an einer Tablettiermaschine des öfteren eine Matrizenscheibe mit einer vorgegebenen Stempeleinteilung wie beispielsweise 30 Stempeln gegen eine andere getauscht werden soll mit einer anderen Stempelteilung wie beispielsweise 24 Matrizenbohrungen oder eine andere Matrizenscheibe mit gleicher Stempelteilung jedoch einer anderen Beschaffenheit der Matrizenbohrungen zum Zwecke der Herstellung größerer oder kleinerer Tabletten. Nach einer derartigen Austauschbarkeit der Matrizenscheiben einer Tablettiermaschine besteht in der Praxis ein Bedürfnis, um verschiedenartige Produkte auf einer Maschine unter nur geringem Aufwand für ihre Umstellung herstellen zu können. Da für die Herstellung größerer Tabletten andere Matrizenbohrungen und dementsprechend auch andere Stempel benötigt werden als für die Herstellung kleinerer Tabletten ergibt sich in der Regel auch eine geringere Anzahl der über den Umfang der Matrizenscheiben verteilten Matrizenbohrungen und damit auch eine andere Stempelanzahl. Dem läßt sich aber bei Anwendung der vorbekannten Stempelnäherungsschalter nur mit erheblichem Aufwand Rechnung tragen, da bei einer Änderung der Stempelteilung eine völlige Umstellung der Näherungsschalter erforderlich ist, die sich allgemein vom Bedienungspersonal nicht durchführen läßt.However, the use and utilization of the known stamp proximity switches has been shown to be incomplete when a die plate with a given stamp division, such as 30 stamps, for example, is to be exchanged for another with a different stamp division, such as 24 die holes or another die plate with the same, on a tabletting machine Stamp division, however, of a different nature of the die holes for the purpose of producing larger or smaller tablets. After such interchangeability of the die disks of a tabletting machine, there is a need in practice to be able to produce different types of products on a machine with little effort for their conversion. Since different die holes and, accordingly, different punches are required for the production of larger tablets than for the manufacture of smaller tablets, there is generally also a smaller number of die holes distributed over the circumference of the die disks and thus also a different number of punches. However, this can only be taken into account with considerable effort when using the known stamp proximity switches, since a change of the stamp division requires a complete changeover of the proximity switches, which generally cannot be carried out by the operating personnel.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein Verfahren und eine Einrichtung zum Überwachen der maximalen Preßkräfte zu schaffen, die ein Auswechseln einer Matrizenscheibe gegen eine andersartige erlauben, ohne daß es einer Umstellung der elektronischen Einrichtung bedarf mit der die Stellung der einzelnen Stempel bzw. der Matrizenscheibe selber zu ermitteln ist, um diese Werte den gemessenen maximalen Preßkraftwerten zum Zwecke einer weiteren Auswertung zuzuordnen.The object of the invention is to provide a method and a device for monitoring the maximum pressing forces, which allow a die plate to be replaced by another, without the need to change the electronic device with the position of the individual punches or die plate itself is to be determined in order to assign these values to the measured maximum pressing force values for the purpose of further evaluation.

Gemäß der Erfindung ist dafür vorgesehen, daß die Stellung der Matrizenscheibe fortlaufend mit einem Winkelimpulsgeber durch Abgabe von Impulsen ermittelt wird, der an einen Rechner angeschlossen ist, mit dem die Impulse den eingegebenen maximalen Preßkraftwerten für eine weitere Auswertung zuzuordnen sind.According to the invention, it is provided that the position of the die plate is continuously determined with an angular pulse generator by emitting pulses, which is connected to a computer with which the pulses are assigned to the entered maximum pressing force values for further evaluation.

Ein Winkelimpulsgeber ist ein handelsüblicher Meßgeber, der entweder als induktiver Impulsgeber auf Magnetbasis ausgebildet sein kann oder auf optischer Basis arbeitet unter Verwendung von Leuchtdioden und fotoelektrischen Zellen, wobei die Ausbildung derart getroffen sein kann, daß mit einem Winkelimpulsgeber mehrere voneinander unabhängige Impulse gleichzeitig abzugeben sind, wobei es sich also beispielsweise um drei einzelne Impulsgeber handeln kann, die in einem Gehäuse bzw. einem Meßgeber vereinigt sind.An angle pulse generator is a commercially available sensor, which is either an inductive pulse generator on Ma gnetbased can be formed or works on an optical basis using light-emitting diodes and photoelectric cells, the formation can be such that with an angular pulse generator, several independent pulses can be delivered simultaneously, which can be, for example, three individual pulse generators are combined in a housing or a transmitter.

Der wesentliche Vorteil des Winkelimpulsgebers ist darin zu sehen, daß mit ihm fortlaufend die Stellung einer Matrizenscheibe und damit ihrer zugehörigen Stempel beim Umlauf zu messen ist unabhängig davon, welche Stempelteilung bzw. Anzahl von Matrizenbohrungen die jeweilige Matrizenscheibe aufweist. Das ist jedenfalls dann der Fall, wenn der Signaigeberfür den Winkelimpulsgeber mit dem Antrieb der Matrizenscheibe verbunden ist, so daß er also bei einem Wechsel der Matrizenscheibe gegen eine andere nicht ausgetauscht zu werden braucht. Dafür sieht die Erfindung vor, daß als Signalgeber eine kodierte Scheibe vorgesehen ist, die vorzugsweise auf der Antriebswelle der Matrizenscheibe angeordnet ist, wobei die Kodierung beispielsweise aus einer Strichmarkierung bestehen kann. Für einen Umlauf einer Matrizenscheibe lassen sich damit beispielsweise 3.600 Impulse auslösen, so daß bei einer Stempelteilung von 30 bzw. 30 über den Umfang der Matrizenscheibe angeordneten Matrizenbohrungen für den Durchgang jedes Stempels 120 Impulse ausgelöst werden, die unter Berücksichtigung der Umlaufgeschwindigkeit der Matrizenscheibe über Auswertung durch den Rechner fortlaufend eine Zuordnung zu den unabhängig gemessenen maximalen Preßkraftwerten ermöglichen. Die dafür zu berücksichtigende Umlaufgeschwindigkeit läßt sich mit demselben Winkel impulsgeber fortlaufend feststellen, wenn die Scheibe bzw. der Signalgeber mit einer Markierung versehen ist, durch welche bei jedem Umlauf der Matrizenscheibe ein gesonderter Impuls hervorgerufen wird.The main advantage of the angular pulse generator can be seen in the fact that it continuously measures the position of a die plate and thus its associated punch during circulation, regardless of the punch pitch or number of die holes in the respective die plate. In any case, this is the case if the signal transmitter for the angular pulse generator is connected to the drive of the die plate, so that it does not need to be exchanged for another one when the die plate is changed. For this purpose, the invention provides that a coded disk is provided as the signal transmitter, which is preferably arranged on the drive shaft of the die disk, the coding being able to consist, for example, of a line marking. For one revolution of a die plate, for example, 3,600 pulses can be triggered, so that with a punch division of 30 or 30 die holes arranged over the circumference of the die plate, 120 pulses are triggered for the passage of each die, which are taken into account by evaluating the speed of the die plate allow the computer to be continuously assigned to the independently measured maximum press force values. The rotational speed to be taken into account for this can be continuously determined with the same angle pulse generator if the disk or the signal transmitter is provided with a marking, by means of which a separate pulse is caused with each revolution of the die disk.

Da die auszuwertenden maximalen Preßkräfte von den Druckrollen der ortsfesten Hauptpreßstation hervorgerufen werden ist es zweckmäßig, die Stelle der Hauptdruckrollen als Bezugspunkt bzw. als "Null -Gradstellung" zu wählen und danach den Winkelimpulsgeber mit der zugehörigen Signalscheibe auszurichten. Wird die eine Matrizenscheibe gegen eine andersartige ausgetauscht, so braucht der Winkelimpulsgeber nicht justiert zu werden, da seine Meßergebnisse allein abhängig sind von der Stellung der ortsfesten Hauptdruckstation bzw. unabhängig sind von der Beschaffenheit einer Matrizenscheibe.Since the maximum pressing forces to be evaluated are caused by the pressure rollers of the stationary main press station, it is expedient to choose the location of the main pressure rollers as a reference point or as a "zero degree position" and then to align the angular pulse generator with the associated signal disk. If the one die plate is replaced by another, the angular pulse generator does not need to be adjusted, since its measurement results depend solely on the position of the stationary main pressure station or are independent of the nature of a die plate.

Die Erfindung ist nachstehend an einem Ausführungsbeispiel unter Bezugnahme auf eine Zeichnung erläutert.The invention is explained below using an exemplary embodiment with reference to a drawing.

In der Zeichnung zeigen:

  • Figur 1: die Draufsicht auf eine Matrizenscheibe;
  • Figur 2: die Matrizenscheibe mit Winkelimpulsgeber in der Seitenansicht;
  • Figur 3: die Matrizenscheibe mit Winkelangaben;
  • Figur 4: ein Diagramm vom Preßkraftverlauf und dem Umfangsimpuls;
  • Figur 5: Diagramme von Preßkraftverläufen und ausgelösten Impulsen in zeitlicher Zuordnung zueinander;
  • Figur 6: eine schematische Darstellung des Rechners mit Ein - und Ausgang und
  • Figur 7: ein Blockschaltbild.
The drawing shows:
  • Figure 1: the top view of a die plate;
  • Figure 2: the die plate with angle pulse generator in side view;
  • Figure 3: the die plate with angle information;
  • Figure 4: a diagram of the pressure force curve and the circumferential pulse;
  • Figure 5: Diagrams of pressure force profiles and triggered pulses in temporal association with each other;
  • Figure 6: a schematic representation of the computer with input and output and
  • Figure 7: a block diagram.

Die in der Zeichnung allgemein nur schematisch dargestellte Matrizenscheibe 2 ist mit 24 gleichmäßig über den Umfang verteilt angeordneten Matrizenbohrungen 5 versehen, zu denen jeweils Stempel 4 gehören, die damit eine Stempelteilung von a = 15° aufweisen. Die Matrizenscheibe 2 ist Bestandteil einer Hochleistungstablettiermaschine, die als sogenannter Doppelrundläufer ausgebildet ist und zwei Hauptdruckstationen 8 bzw. 8' aufweist, denen Vordruckstationen 7 bzw. 7' vorgelagert sind. Bezogen auf die Umlaufrichtung der Matrizenscheibe gegen den Uhrzeigersinn entsprechend dem Pfeil 6 befinden sich hinter den beiden Hauptdruckstationen Aussortierweichen 10 und 10', die entsprechend dem Doppelpfeil 11 zu versetzen sind, wenn eine Schlechttablette ausgeschieden werden soll. Abgesehen von dieser Beweglichkeit der Weichen 10 und 10'sind die Vordruckstationen 7, 7'sowie Hauptdruckstationen 8 und 8' und Aussortierweichen 10 und 10' ortsfest angeordnet, während die Matrizenscheibe 2 mit den Matrizenbohrungen 5 und den Stempeln 4 beim Betrieb rotieren.The die plate 2, which is generally only shown schematically in the drawing, is provided with 24 die bores 5, which are distributed uniformly over the circumference, to each of which there belong punches 4, which thus have a die pitch of a = 15 °. The die plate 2 is part of a high-performance tabletting machine which is designed as a so-called double rotary machine and has two main printing stations 8 and 8 ', which are preceded by pre-printing stations 7 and 7'. With respect to the direction of rotation of the die plate counterclockwise according to arrow 6, there are sorting switches 10 and 10 'behind the two main pressure stations, which are to be moved in accordance with the double arrow 11 if a bad tablet is to be eliminated. Apart from this mobility of the switches 10 and 10 ', the pre-printing stations 7, 7' as well as main printing stations 8 and 8 'and sorting switches 10 and 10' are arranged in a stationary manner, while the die plate 2 with the die holes 5 and the punches 4 rotate during operation.

Für die Herstellung einer einzelnen Tablette wird ihr Pulver in einer Matrizenbohrung 5 zunächst durch Druckrollen 12 bzw. 12' in einer Vordruckstation 7 bzw. 7' vorgepreßt und danach unter maximaler Preßkraft mit Druckrollen 13 in einer Hauptdruckstation 8 bzw. 8' gepreßt. Die dafür aufgewandten Preßkräfte werden fortlaufend gemessen unter Verwendung von Dehnungsmeßstreifen an einer Meßstelle 28 (Figur 7). Der Meßstelle 28 ist ein Verstärker 30 nachgeschaltet, der die Signale über einen Analog -Digital -Wandler 32 auf einen Rechner 34 überträgt, welcher als Preßkraftüberwachungsgerät ausgebildet ist und dafür durch elektronische Verarbeitung die empfangenen Preßkraftsignale mit Sollwertgrenzen vergleicht. Über diesen Rechner 34 (Figur 7) läßt sich ein Steuergerät 38 für eine Aussortierweiche 10 ansteuern, um bei Vorliegen einer Schlechttablette diese auszuscheiden.For the production of a single tablet, its powder is first pressed in a matrix bore 5 by pressure rollers 12 or 12 'in a pre-pressure station 7 or 7' and then pressed under maximum pressure with pressure rollers 13 in a main pressure station 8 or 8 '. The pressing forces used for this are continuously measured using strain gauges at a measuring point 28 (FIG. 7). The measuring point 28 is followed by an amplifier 30 which transmits the signals via an analog-digital converter 32 to a computer 34 which is designed as a pressing force monitoring device and for this purpose compares the received pressing force signals with setpoint limits by electronic processing. Via this computer 34 (FIG. 7), a control device 38 for a sorting gate 10 can be controlled in order to remove a bad tablet if it is present.

Um den jeweiligen gemessenen Preßkräften die sie auslösenden Stempel zuzuordnen unter Berücksichtigung der fortlaufenden Änderung ihrer Stellung ist für ihre Ortsbestimmung ein Winkelimpulsgeber 20 vorgesehen, der mit einer kodierten Scheibe zusammenwirkt, die als Signalgeber beispielsweise mit einer Strichmarkierung versehen ist, durch welche bei einem Umlauf der Matrizenscheibe beispielsweise 3.600 Impulse ausgelöst werden, so daß auf jeden Stempel bei einem Durchgang durch eine Hauptpreßstation 150 Impulse entfallen. Die Signalscheibe 18 ist auf der Antriebswelle 16 der Matrizenscheibe 2 angeordnet, so daß sie mit jeder Umdrehung einer Matrizenscheibe einmal umläuft jedoch völlig unabhängig ist von der besonderen Beschaffenheit der Matrizenscheibe, das heißt wirksam ist unabhängig davon, welche Stempelteilung für die Matrizenscheibe vorgesehen ist.In order to assign the stamps triggering them to the respective measured pressing forces, taking into account the continuous change in their position, an angle pulse generator 20 is provided for their location determination seen that interacts with a coded disc, which is provided as a signal transmitter, for example, with a line marking, by which, for example, 3,600 pulses are triggered when the die disc rotates, so that 150 stamps are associated with each stamp when it passes through a main press station. The signal disk 18 is arranged on the drive shaft 16 of the die plate 2, so that it rotates once with each revolution of a die plate, but is completely independent of the particular nature of the die plate, that is to say is effective regardless of which stamp division is provided for the die plate.

Da die vom Impulsgeber 20 gegebenen Impulse als Darstellung für die Winkellage der Matrizenscheibe 2 mit den unabhängig gemessenen Preßkraftwerten im Rechner zu koordinieren sind, ist es nur folgerichtig, den Impulsgeber 20 nach der Stelle zu orientieren bzw. zu justieren oder auszurichten, an der diese maximalen Preßkräfte ausgeübt werden. Das ist diejenige Stelle, an der sich die Druckrollen 13 einer Hauptdruckstation 8 befinden. Wird diese Stelle entsprechend Figur 3 als Bezugspunkt bzw. Ausgangsposition angesehen, so befindet sich die Aussortierweiche 10 dazu im feststehenden Winkel <p OA1, die zweite Vordruckstation 7' im Winkel

  • <p 0V2, die zweite Hauptdruckstation 8'im Winkel
  • <p 0H2 und die zweite Aussortierweiche 10' im Winkel
  • <p 0A2, während die erste Vordruckstation 7 zu der Nullstellung im Winkel von ϕ 0V1 steht.
Since the pulses given by the pulse generator 20 are to be coordinated in the computer as a representation of the angular position of the die plate 2 with the independently measured pressing force values, it is only logical to orient or adjust or align the pulse generator 20 according to the point at which this maximum Pressing forces are exerted. This is the point at which the pressure rollers 13 of a main printing station 8 are located. If this point is regarded as the reference point or starting position according to FIG. 3, the sorting diverter 10 is at a fixed angle <p OA1, the second pre-printing station 7 'at an angle
  • <p 0V2, the second main printing station 8 'at an angle
  • <p 0H2 and the second sorting switch 10 'at an angle
  • <p 0A2, while the first pre-printing station 7 is at an angle of ϕ 0V1 to the zero position.

Ist die Signalscheibe mit einer Markierung versehen, die bei jedem Umlauf nur einen Impuls auslöst, der als Umfangsimpuls oder Umlaufimpuls 22 bezeichnet werden kann, so ist es zweckmäßig, diesen Impuls dann auszulösen, wenn die Markierung die Ausgangsposition Null durchläuft, das heißt also zu dem Zeitpunkt, zu dem eine maximale Preßkraft an der Hauptstation 8 von einem Stempel ausgeübt wird. Eine dementsprechende Darstellung findet sich in Figur 4, in der im oberen Diagramm der Preßkraftverlauf für die Stempel S1, S2 und S3 wiedergegeben ist und darunter die Darstellung wiedergegeben ist für den Umfangsimpuls 22, dessen Schaltflanke 23 unter dem Preßkraftmaximum des Stempels S1 entsprechend der Linie 40 liegt.If the signal disk is provided with a marking which triggers only one pulse during each revolution, which can be referred to as a circumferential pulse or circulation pulse 22, it is expedient to trigger this pulse when the marking passes through the zero starting position, that is to say to that Time at which a maximum pressing force is exerted on the main station 8 by a punch. A corresponding representation can be found in FIG. 4, in which the pressure force curve for the plungers S1, S2 and S3 is shown in the upper diagram and below the representation is shown for the circumferential pulse 22, the switching edge 23 of which is below the pressure force maximum of the plunger S1 corresponding to line 40 lies.

Der Verlauf der Kurven ist über der Zeit aufgetragen, wobei die Ordinaten im einen Fall die Kraft F gemessen in Newton (N) und im anderen Fall die Spannung U gemessen in Volt (V) angeben. Für eine derartige Einstellung bzw. Justierung wird die Druckkraft des Stempels S1 an der Hauptdruckstation 8 gemessen und die Matrizenscheibe 2 soweit von Hand gedreht, bis die maximale Preßkraft erreicht ist. In dieser Stellung wird die Signalscheibe 18 derart eingestellt, daß mit der Schaltflanke 23 des Umlaufimpulses 22 bzw. der dafür vorgesehenen Markierung auf der Scheibe 18 ein Impuls ausgelöst wird. Danach ergibt sich eine Zuordnung von ausgelösten Impulsen zu den davon unabhängig gemessenen Preßkräften, wie sie in Figur 5 wiedergegeben ist, wobei einschränkend zu bemerken ist, daß sich diese Darstellung nur auf die Verhältnisse bezieht, die an der Hauptdruckstation 8 und der Vordruckstation 7 vorliegen. Zusätzlich dazu und gleichzeitig lassen sich mit dem selben Impulsgeber 20 Impulsreihen abgeben, die den Preßkräften zuzuordnen sind, welche an der zweiten Vordruckstation 7' und 8' ermittelt werden.The course of the curves is plotted against time, with the ordinates indicating the force F measured in Newtons (N) in one case and the voltage U measured in volts (V) in the other case. For such an adjustment or adjustment, the pressure force of the punch S1 is measured at the main pressure station 8 and the die plate 2 is rotated by hand until the maximum pressing force is reached. In this position, the signal disk 18 is set such that a pulse is triggered with the switching edge 23 of the circulating pulse 22 or the marking provided on the disk 18. This results in an assignment of triggered pulses to the independently measured pressing forces, as shown in FIG. 5, although it should be noted that this representation only relates to the conditions that exist at the main printing station 8 and the pre-printing station 7. In addition to this and at the same time, 20 pulse series can be emitted with the same pulse generator, which are to be assigned to the pressing forces which are determined at the second pre-printing station 7 'and 8'.

In der Figur 5 gibt die Kurve (1) den Preßkraftverlauf an der Vordruckstation 7 wieder und die Kurve (2) den Preßkraftverlauf an der Hauptdruckstation 8 und zwar jeweils über der Zeit (t), so daß zu erkennen ist, daß die maximale Preßkraft des Stempels S1 zu einem späteren Zeitpunkt an der Hauptdruckstation 8 gemessen wurde, als an der Vordruckstation 7. Das Maximum der Preßkraft des Stempels S1 liegt entsprechend der Kurve 2 auf der Nulllinie 40, auf der auch die Schaltflanke 23 des Umlaufimpulses 22 durch entsprechende Einstellung der Signalscheibe 18 liegt. Darunter liegen mit den Kurven 4 und 5 die Impulsketten, die mit <p 1 und <p 2 bezeichnet sind und der Hauptdruckstation 8 und der Vordruckstation 7 zuzuordnen sind. Bei diesen Impulsketten bzw. den Kurven (4, 5) handelt es sich um diejenigen Impulse, die vom Impulsgeber 20 unmittelbar in einen ersten Rechner 26 (Figur 7) eingegeben werden entsprechend der Darstellung gemäß Figur 6. Der Rechner 26 wandelt die Signale um zu Ausgangssignalen entsprechend den Kurven 6 und 7 für die Vordruck - und Hauptdruckstation, bei denen die Impulse einen Abstand zueinander haben, welcher der Stempelteilung <p S1 entspricht, die zu den Kurven 2, 3, 4 und 5 eingetragen ist.In Figure 5, curve (1) shows the pressure force curve at the pre-printing station 7 and curve (2) the pressure force curve at the main printing station 8, in each case over time (t), so that it can be seen that the maximum pressing force of the Stamp S1 was measured at a later point in time at the main printing station 8 than at the pre-printing station 7. The maximum of the pressing force of the stamp S1 lies according to curve 2 on the zero line 40, on which the switching flank 23 of the circulation pulse 22 is also set by setting the signal disk accordingly 18 lies. Below these, with the curves 4 and 5, are the pulse chains, which are denoted by <p 1 and <p 2 and can be assigned to the main printing station 8 and the pre-printing station 7. These pulse chains or the curves (4, 5) are those pulses which are input by the pulse generator 20 directly into a first computer 26 (FIG. 7) in accordance with the illustration according to FIG. 6. The computer 26 converts the signals Output signals corresponding to curves 6 and 7 for the form and main printing station, at which the pulses are at a distance from one another which corresponds to the stamp pitch <p S1, which is entered for curves 2, 3, 4 and 5.

Die Impulse entsprechend den Kurven 6 und 7 werden parallel zu den gemessenen Preßkräften in den zweiten Rechner 34 über den Analog - Digitalwandler 32 eingegeben, so daß durch eine Verrechnung eine Abfrage des Vordruckes sowie des Hauptdruckes einzelner Stempel ermöglicht wird und zwar bei Doppelrundläufermaschinen auch unter Berücksichtigung der zweiten Preßstation und darüber hinaus eine Ansteuerung der Aussortierweiche 10 und eine Ausgabe der Ergebnisse in der Art von Belegen oder über eine Anzeige 36 möglich ist.The pulses corresponding to curves 6 and 7 are entered in parallel to the measured pressing forces in the second computer 34 via the analog-digital converter 32, so that a calculation of the form and the main pressure of individual stamps is made possible by a calculation, with double-rounder machines also taking into account the second press station and, in addition, control of the sorting gate 10 and output of the results in the manner of documents or via a display 36 is possible.

Wenn sich die vorstehende Beschreibung eines Ausführungsbeispieles auf die Verwendung von zwei Rechnern 26 und 34 bezieht, so ist die Erfindung darauf nicht beschränkt. Es besteht vielmehr die Möglichkeit, anstelle von zwei Rechnern 26 und 34 weitere Rechner oder auch nur einen einzigen vorzusehen.If the above description of an exemplary embodiment relates to the use of two computers 26 and 34, the invention is not restricted to this. Rather, there is the possibility of providing further computers or just a single one instead of two computers 26 and 34.

Claims (12)

1. Method for monitoring the maximal pressing forces of a pelleting machine with a rotating matrix disk (2) in which the pressing forces exerted by the punches (4) are given for evaluation to a computer (26, 32) through which an ejection device (10) is to be controlled, characterized in that the position of the matrix disk (2) is continually determined with an angular pulse generator (20) by delivering pulses, this angular pulse generator being connected to computers (26, 34) which coordinate the entered maximal pressing forces and which output the evaluations.
2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in thatwith the angular pulse generator (20) separate pulses for two or several pressing stations (7, 7', 8, 8') are given to a computer (26, 34).
3. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that with the angular pulse generator (20) a rotation pulse (22) is given, at each rotation of the matrix disk (2), to a computer (26, 34).
4. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the computer (34) controls an elimination switch (10) behind the principal pressure station (8, 8').
5. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the angular pulse generator (20) is orientated with its zero position onto the pressing rolls (13) of a principal pressing station (8).
6. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the received angular pulses are converted with the computer (34) into the number of matrices (5) of the matrix disk (2).
7. Pelleting machine with a rotating matrix disk (2) and punches (4), the maximal pressing forces of which must be given for evaluation to a computer (26, 32), characterized in that the pellet press is equipped with an angular pulse generator (20) which gives the pulses triggered by the rotating matrix disk (2) to a connected computer (26, 34) for assignment of the measured maximal pressing forces.
8. Pelleting machine according to claim 7, characterized in that the drive (16) of the matrix disk is equipped with a coded signal transmitter (18) for the angular pulse generator (20).
9. Pelleting machine according to claim 7, characterized in that the signal transmitter (18) is configured as a disk equipped with a coding.
10. Pelleting machine according to claim 7, characterized in that the signal transmitter (18) is placed exchangeable or adjustable.
11. Pelleting machine according to claim 7, characterized in that the angular pulse generator (20) is connected to a first computer (26) which gives corrected signals to a second computer (34) into which additionally the determined maximal pressing forces values must be entered.
12. Pelleting machine according to claim 7, characterized in that the control (38) of an elimination switch (10) is connected to a computer (34).
EP90117988A 1989-12-02 1990-09-19 Method and device for monitoring the pressing forces of a pelleting machine Expired - Lifetime EP0431269B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE3939956A DE3939956A1 (en) 1989-12-02 1989-12-02 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MONITORING THE PRESSING FORCE OF A TABLETING MACHINE
DE3939956 1989-12-02

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EP0431269B1 true EP0431269B1 (en) 1993-08-11
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DE59002304D1 (en) 1993-09-16
US5145693A (en) 1992-09-08
DE3939956A1 (en) 1991-06-06
EP0431269A1 (en) 1991-06-12
EP0431269B2 (en) 1998-11-04

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