EP0428525A1

EP0428525A1 - Firearm.

Info

Publication number: EP0428525A1
Application number: EP89906776A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Roger Field
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1988-06-21
Filing date: 1989-06-15
Publication date: 1991-05-29
Anticipated expiration: 2009-06-15
Also published as: EP0428525B1; ATE118869T1; WO1989012796A3; WO1989012796A2

Abstract

A firearm in the widest sense of the term, with small, medium and large calibers, is disclosed. An almost rectilinear transport of case cartridges (3) and caseless ammunition is ensured from a transport drum (7) to a chamber (5) possibly integrated within the barrel, as well as the separation of the stocked ammunition from the shot ammunition, which is particularly necessary in the case of caseless ammunition. The transport drum (7) has one or several recesses (8) on or within the circumference for receiving cartridges (3). The cartridges (3) are supplied from a magazine (2) or cartridge belt (43) to the transport drum (7), then moved to a position behind the chamber (5), pushed forward within the chamber (5) and shot by a breech (19). Improved cooling is obtained by the transport drum (7) moving behind the chamber (5), thus avoiding spontaneous detonation. The cartridges may be supplied from one or several magazines (2), cartridge belts (43) or both; several fastenable barrels (35) may be provided, and at least one rotatable magazine (2) or fixed magazine (2) may be secured to at least two spots on the housing (4).

Description

1 firearm

The invention relates to e.g. semi or fully automatic firearm with features as specified in the preamble of claim 1. Weapons of this type have been introduced in various armies, such as the G 3 in Germany or the M 16 in the USA, for example. These are proven weapons, but they have the disadvantage that the cartridge has to be expelled from the magazine in order to to be transferred into the off-axis cartridge chamber via a slope, which can lead to jamming of the cartridges during the loading process. Of course, this is particularly unsuitable for caseless ammunition because these cartridges are too sensitive. "Firearm" includes firearms of any kind, including Cannons, heavy machine guns.

Furthermore, in order to achieve a uniform weight distribution with respect to the two sides of the firearm viewed in the direction of the longitudinal axis, the magazine protrudes downward from the firearm. If a shooter uses such a firearm while lying down, the length of the magazine protruding from the firearm usually determines how far the shooter has to rise from the ground in order to be able to aim and fire with the firearm. This means that the shooter, especially in very flat terrain, often has to rise more than his cover than would be necessary to see beyond the cover. He thus offers a larger target area for an enemy shooter when using his own firearm, simply because the magazine protrudes downward from the firearm, than would be necessary when using a firearm from which no magazine protrudes downward.

Although there may be firearms that do not require Magazine, spielsweise all firearms in which the cartridges are fired from a supply revolver, but have such Revolver disadvantages, for example in terms of the number of be housed in ^* revolver cartridges.

From DE-PS 36 23 153 Cl a transport drum for semi or fully automatic weapons is known, the recesses on Has circumference. However, this firearm has a so-called cross-lock between the magazine and the cartridge chamber, which is arranged outside the movement path of the transport drum and is independent of the transport drum.

It is therefore the object of the invention to provide a firearm with a breech which reciprocates in the direction of the longitudinal axis, in which the introduction of the cartridges from a magazine or cartridge belt into the cartridge chamber is improved and, at the same time, a supply of cartridges from different ones

Positions of the magazine is made possible as well as in another version simultaneously with several magazines that do not necessarily have to be pivotable, or cartridge belts, for e.g. to equip different types of ammunition and possibly several parallel tubes and chambers, which, in contrast to Gatling weapons, are separate from the transport drum and do not have to rotate about the longitudinal axis.

This object is achieved in that at least one magazine or cartridge belt is used to store the cartridges, but when loading the firearm the top cartridge of the magazine or the first cartridge of the cartridge belt is not directly inclined, e.g. is pushed upwards into the chamber, but by means of an interposed transport drum, which does not necessarily have to have a round cross-section, is first brought into a position behind the chamber and essentially flush with it, from where it is axially in front by means of the closure the chamber is pushed. Several chambers can be e.g. several magazines using one transport drum and several. Closures, .are fitted with cartridges. The chamber can be part of the tube or can be pivoted, e.g. for cleaning.

Furthermore, in such a solution, the magazine must not be inserted directly into the fixed housing of the firearm, but possibly into a swivel sleeve which is present when a swivelable magazine is required and is otherwise superfluous, which is in the essentially coaxial to the transport drum, for example - between - this, and the housing * is arranged and can have extensions between which the magazine is inserted. Since this pivot sleeve can be pivoted together with the magazine around the longitudinal axis of the firearm, it is, for example It is possible to pivot the magazine from the position projecting downward from the firearm upwards into a laterally projecting position, for which the left-hand side will generally be appropriate for right-handed shooters, but the right-hand side is also conceivable.

In this context, it is advantageous if, depending on whether the swivel sleeve can be swiveled with the magazine in only two or more positions, the angular division of the transport drum correlates with the angular difference between the individual positions that swivel sleeve and magazine can occupy together. to ensure that cartridges can be passed into the transport drum from the magazine in any ingestible position. In another embodiment, the magazine can be fixed radially to the housing at several positions, e.g. below and left. Contains "recesses" in the transport drum

Cavities of all types either on or within the perimeter. If, for example, the magazine, seen from the position of the shooter and in the longitudinal direction of the firearm, can only be pivoted from the downward projecting position to a horizontally projecting left position, i.e. around the longitudinal axis of the firearm, the transport drum can e.g. have four recesses or a multiple thereof distributed over the circumference, so that it is ensured that from each of the two possible positions of the magazine, a filling of the transport drum with cartridges is possible.

With a 90 ° division of the transport drum, that is to say four recesses evenly distributed, for example, over the circumference, when the transport drum rotates clockwise, from the point of view of the shooters, the recess in the lower position from the magazine can be fitted with a cartridge the cartridge would move in this recess over the position on the left to the upper position, where it would be pushed into the chamber with the help of the breech and, for example, a firing pin inside it, fired and the empty 'sleeve in the same, still in the recess located in the upper position would be pushed back, whereupon the transport drum would turn again through 90 °, for example by at least one oblique plane protruding into the outer contour of the transport drum, the empty cartridge case, for example, before reaching the right-hand outer one 9 lying position can be removed from the recess if the recesses are on the circumference of the drum, so that this recess is free again for receiving the next cartridge from the T- * magazine when the next position, namely the position below, is reached.

In this context, when designing the puller arranged at the front of the closure in the form of e.g. a hook which engages in the ring groove at the rear end of the cartridge,

10 care must be taken to ensure that the annular guide in which this hook is arranged extends part of the cartridge circumference in order not to impede the subsequent further rotation of the transport drum together with the cartridge case laterally downwards. For this reason, it must be ensured that the sleeve is not

15 ^" to the rear into the recess in the lock

Housing slips, which would block the rotation of the drum. If this were not the case, this guide would have to be completely removed from the cartridge sleeve with the hook before it is transported further.

20th

In this embodiment, the opening in the housing of the firearm required for ejecting the empty sleeve is preferably closed by a pivotable flap which is attached to the housing.

25 In another version, in which the swivel sleeve is about the

Housing rotates, the flap described above is omitted from the housing. The inclined plane for pressing out the empty cartridge case from the transport drum can also be removed or is integrally connected to the housing in one piece.

30

It is also possible that the cartridge cases in a conventional manner in e.g. the rear position of the closure can be removed by extractors and ejectors.

35 If the firearm in the previously described version was in use with a magazine projecting downwards, there is already a cartridge in the lower and left recess of the transport drum, while there is a cartridge in the chamber. The magazine is in this operating state pivoted from the lower into the lateral position, a cartridge only slips into this transport drum from this position of the magazine after two further 90 ° rotations of the transport drum, since only then is an empty recess in the transport drum opposite the opening des- magazine arrives.

The next version may have a swivel sleeve. -The transport drum can e.g. also be positioned so that the magazine opening or the openings of several magazines on the circumference of the drum e.g. between two recesses in a version of a transport drum with several recesses, which in this example are located on the circumference. The cartridge is inserted into the transport drum when the transport drum is rotated or during the time in which the closure is e.g. when using a guide cylinder is in its rearmost position and the drum can come to a standstill. The insertion time of the cartridges into the transport drum is considerably reduced in this example. In another embodiment of the invention, the magazine opening or cartridge belt opening can e.g. be positioned behind the transport drum in the longitudinal direction of the pipe axis. A radial one

Extension of the breech or breech carrier or another device brings the cartridge, for example, when the breech moves forward from the area of the magazine opening or cartridge belt opening into a recess which is flush with the cartridge in the magazine opening or cartridge belt opening. The recess can be located on or near the circumference of the transport drum, for example. A recess near the circumference of the transport drum can, for example, be a round hole which encloses part of the closure in its front position. It is possible to accommodate several magazines in this embodiment, for example on a swivel sleeve coaxial with and behind the transport drum, which can each be brought into alignment with the closure extension, so that cartridges of different types can be introduced into the transport drum. It is also possible to have several closure extensions or other devices that can be individually taken out of operation in order to bring cartridges into the drum from one or more magazines or belts of your choice. In this version, the transport drum can be, for example, ^" a cross or have a star-shaped cross-section, are to a minimum to accommodate the recesses. The breech extension can be dampened and, in contrast to conventional breech systems, touch a large area at the back of the cartridge so that caseless ammunition is not damaged. An almost straight one

Feeding into the chamber is guaranteed in this version, as well as the separation of the available e.g. caseless ammunition from the cartridge fired in the chamber, which is necessary for caseless ammunition. A device such as a linkage that activates a movable breech or breech extension to push a cartridge forward into the transport drum when tensioning the load lever before the transport drum rotates can be used to ensure that the load lever only needs to be pulled once.

In the embodiments of the invention already described and possibly other possible embodiments, it is possible to equip the firearm with more than one tube and one chamber. Each tube can be fitted with a closure. In an embodiment with three chambers, two closures can be put out of operation, for example, by locking them further back, such as the guide grooves of the guide cylinder, if a guide cylinder is used, so that one closure and one chamber can be activated and one closure is used in this example for the movement of the transport drum. In an embodiment of the invention with an open lock, for example three locks, all three locks would be in the rear position and would only move the guide grooves if they moved individually forward, so that two locks would be disengaged from the guide grooves when not in use . The transport drum can be provided with three recesses, for example on the circumference, in an embodiment with, for example, three chambers. Each recess can be fitted with a cartridge before it is brought into alignment with a chamber. It is possible, in a version with, for example, three chambers, to firmly connect the three closures. If the magazine openings extend around the circumference of the transport drum, for example between two recesses 1 ^* magazine openings, for example, equipped with an eccentric rod in the longitudinal direction of the magazine opening, which partially blocks the opening, or allows the cartridges to exit as desired. To prevent further shooting if there is any

5- ^"" Transport drum are still one or more cartridges, but the magazine is already empty, a locking pin can be arranged in the housing, which is then pressed against its spring preload by the extension attached to the bottom of the magazine and blocks the tap when the magazine

10 is empty and therefore no cartridge slips out of the magazine into the lower recess of the transport drum. This locking pin thus reports the empty state of the magazine, but can be pushed out of function by hand, i.e. pushed forward again, if the existing cartridge or cartridges is conscious

15 to be fired from the transport drum.

This locking pin is intended to prevent ^" that the transport drum is also shot completely empty and, when a full magazine is inserted, must first be loaded through before being loaded

20 there is a cartridge in the chamber again when the magazine is in the lower position.

The rotation of the drum can e.g. be caused that a guide cylinder axially, and flush_ to the actual transport drum and usually formed in one piece with it

25 is arranged, in the lateral surface of e.g. individual guide grooves are incorporated in such a way that a guide pin protruding into these guide grooves, which extends downwards from the closure, for example, arranged above the guide cylinder, only defines the tip of the zigzag line from the tip into the next

30 following guide groove can slide. The closure, which can be actuated by means of compression springs, can e.g. to load the firearm in order to bring the first cartridge into the chamber can be brought back by means of a loading lever. As a result, a section-wise rotation of the with the

35. Guide cylinder connected transport drum achieved. The

The guiding pin can continue to slide into the next guiding groove at each turning point, for example, by the bottom of each guiding groove being in the The direction in which it is to be traversed by the guide pin increasingly approaches the outer surface of the casing until it opens into the beginning of the next guide groove, where the higher floor at the end of the first guide groove perpendicular to the lower floor at the beginning of the next Guide groove drops off, so that the spring-loaded guide pin must inevitably pass through the second guide groove, the bottom of which increases in its course and has the same drop when changing into the next guide groove.

The magazine and the swivel sleeve are also matched to one another in a version with a swiveling magazine, e.g. Between its extensions the magazine will be inserted with its open end: To as large an amount as possible

To accommodate cartridges as space-saving as possible in a magazine, its interior can be dimensioned such that the cartridges come in a double row one above the other and half next to each other. This inner contour of the magazine can taper towards the upper open end and form a narrower neck, the inner contour of which is just wide enough for a single cartridge to pass through, which provides the necessary isolation which is advantageous for loading the firearm. In order to prevent cartridges from being lost from the magazine in a magazine that is not in a firearm, the magazine is in the normal state, for example, by means of two leaf springs which are attached to the side of the magazine and have an offset which partially protrude from one another over the open neck of the magazine , closed so far that no cartridge is pressed out of the magazine. The prerequisite for this is, of course, that the tension of the leaf springs is sufficiently strong to hold the cartridges against the pressure of the magazine spring, which presses the cartridges towards the open neck. These ^" leaf springs do not lie close to the outer contour of the magazine, but keep a distance. Furthermore, the

Cranks of the ^* leaf springs, which partially close the open neck of the magazine, not over the entire axial length of the leaf springs, but only over its beginning and end area, whereas, for example, in the middle area of the leaf springs instead of There is a recess in the crank. The swivel sleeve in turn has mutually parallel and radially protruding projections, between which the neck of the magazine has to be inserted, at least two of these projections being arranged and dimensioned such that they slide through the recess into the magazine when the magazine is pushed in Slide the offset of the leaf springs between the leaf springs and the neck of the magazine, which pushes the two leaf springs away from the neck of the magazine and move the offset of the leaf springs so far apart that the opening of the neck of the magazine is completely exposed, and the cartridges can be pressed into the recess of the transport drum. Thus, the swivel sleeve has, for example, the shape of a tube piece, to which, for example, a box-shaped profile or parts of a box-shaped T-profile connect radially, both of which

Rohrtεil as well as the box-like approach must be broken by the necessary breakthroughs for the cartridge ejection and the magazine insert.

Such a firearm according to the invention would offer a number of advantages. First, the cartridges would be brought into a substantially flush position with the chamber during loading with the help of the transport drum, so that with the help of the closure, ^* only an almost straight, axial displacement of the cartridges into the chamber is necessary, that is Oblique movement of the cartridges as in conventional magazine weapons and the resulting risk of jamming of the cartridges is avoided. The same also applies to the ejection, in which an inclined position of the sleeve was again necessary when pulling the sleeve out of the chamber with conventional weapons, which in turn could result in jamming. In the firearm according to the invention, however, the sleeve can be pressed laterally, by means of a parallel offset and without inclination through at least one oblique functional surface from the transport drum, and thus ingsgesa t also out of the firearm. Excellent cooling takes place through the movement of the transport drum.

These advantages are particularly important if instead of the cartridges that have been customary up to now, surrounded by a metal sleeve, 10 so-called caseless ammunition is used, which is particularly sensitive to damage and mechanical pressure. It goes without saying that with such ammunition the extractor and the ejection would be at least partially superfluous. With caseless ammunition, the chamber must be sealed at the back when the cartridge is fired. The closure can, for example, have one or more gas sealing rings at the front, which are enclosed behind the chamber. Five advantageous embodiments with the same components according to the invention are explained in more detail below by way of example with reference to the figures:

FIG. 1 shows representations of an entire firearm; Figure 2: a cut side view through the firearm with the trigger almost withdrawn

Closure; ^*

Figure 3: a cut side view of the

Firearm when fired; Figure 4: a partially cut-open top view of the firearm;

Figures 5: sectional views along the line V-V of Figure 2; 6: a perspective or sectional representation of the magazine; 7: Front view - top view and cross section of a swivel sleeve; Figures 8a and 8b: front and side view of the

Transport drum; Figure 8c: sectional view through a guide groove along the line VIII-VIII of Figure 8b;

Figures 9: side view and top view of one

Closure; FIG. 10: Front view of a closure according to XX from FIG. 9b. FIG. 11: A second embodiment, cut open from the rear and from the side. FIG. 12: A cut side view with the closure almost retracted. FIG. 13: A third embodiment from the rear II Figure 14: A side view

Figures 15: A fourth embodiment from behind Figure 16: A fifth embodiment from behind.

FIGS. 1 a and 1 b show basic representations of an embodiment of a firearm 1 which is supplied with cartridges via a magazine 2. In FIG. 1 a, this magazine 2 protrudes downward from the firearm, in FIG. 1 b this magazine 2 is folded up to the left into the horizontal position, as would be done by a shooter who, with a foldable magazine in a lying position, would do one if possible wants to occupy a small distance from the ground. Magazine is to be understood to mean all devices in this and other embodiments which are suitable for the supply of cartridges. Although there is only one such magazine in the described embodiment, it can be seen that in another embodiment of the invention e.g. also two e.g. different magazines for e.g. Different types of cartridges can be present, which do not necessarily have to be pivotable. The respective position of the magazine 2 is fixed by means of the adjusting screw 34. FIG. 2 shows a cut-away side view of such a firearm, which mainly shows the loading device 6. In the case shown here, the magazine 2 protrudes downward from the housing 4 of the firearm 1. The ammunition is pressed out of the magazine 2 due to the spring force of the magazine spring 28 upwards in the direction of the transport drum 7 with its recesses 8. This transport drum 7, which e.g. can consist of two or more connected discs with radial recesses, is arranged above the magazine 2 so that an overlying recess 8 lies behind the chamber 5 and is aligned with the latter, into which the ammunition for firing through the barrel 35 is advanced, as shown for example in Figure 3.

FIG. 2 shows an empty magazine 2 in the firearm 1, a cartridge not being located either in the transport drum 7 or in the chamber 5. In Figure 3, a cartridge 3 is shown in the chamber 5. However, there is no magazine 2 in the firearm 1. 12

The magazine 2 is not inserted directly into the housing 4, but into the extensions 12 of a swivel sleeve 11 which concentrically surrounds the transport drum 7, as can best be seen in FIGS. 5a and 5b. The pivot sleeve 11 has at least the two extensions 12 lying parallel to the longitudinal axis 13 of the firearm 1, as can be seen in FIGS. 5a and 5b, whereas the two extensions 12 lying in front and behind, as seen in the direction of the longitudinal axis 13, as in FIG 2 and 3, possibly instead of being connected to the swivel sleeve 11, as shown in the present example, could also be connected to the housing 4.

Like the sectional view of VV shown in Figures 5a and 5b indicated by the figure 2, 7, the transport drum a certain number, namely, in this case four, axially opposite Ausnehmenen 8 which are suitable for receiving vo ^'cartridge ^3'. If, for example, as shown in FIG. 5b, magazine 2 is in a position in which it projects downward from the housing 4 of the firearm 1, a cartridge 3 is pressed out of the magazine 2 into the recess 8 of the transport drum 7 which is in the lowest position. By further turning the transport drum 7 by means of the closure 19, which is brought into the rear position by a loading lever, not shown, counterclockwise of the view shown in FIG. 5b, the cartridge 3 moves in the recess over the position on the right outside of the transport drum 7 in the upper position, where it is aligned with the chamber 5, as shown in Figures 2 and 3. In this position, the cartridge 3 is pushed forward by means of the breech 19 out of the recess 8 of the transport drum 7 into the chamber 5, which is essentially in alignment therewith, where it is ignited and fired by means of the firing pin 17 arranged in the breech 19. The striker 17 is actuated by opening the spring-loaded cock 36, which is released after actuation of the trigger 37. After firing, the empty sleeve 33 located in the chamber 5 at the front of the closure 19 is pushed back into the same recess 8 of the transport drum 7 by the gas pressure or recoil together with the extractor. The extractor 16 1 consists essentially of a hook 20 which engages in the annular groove 21 at the rear end of the cartridge 3 or sleeve 33. The Ver¬ circuit 19 is biased by two compression springs 39, which are parallel to each other, so that in each case 39 to detect a pressure of these springs in the illustrations of Figure 2 and ^'S3.

By a further quarter turn of the transport drum 7 during the time in which the closure 19 moves further back, in this embodiment, the recess 8 containing the sleeve 33 becomes

10 direction to the left outer position of Figures 5a and 5b, but a sleeve 33, the two inclined func tion surfaces 32 are in the way, whereby the sleeve 33 is pressed out of the housing 4 of the firearm 1, the corresponding opening preferably through a Flap 22 opened

15 or is closed. The functional surfaces 32 protrude into two corresponding gaps in the transport drum 7, which can be seen particularly well in FIG. 4, but also in FIGS. 2.5a and 5b. Since the angular pitch 9 of the transport drum 7 is also the angular amount by which the transport drum 7

20 is rotated further in each case, it is obvious that the angular division 9 of the transport drum 7 and the pivot angle 10 between the individual positions that the magazine 2 can assume with respect to the housing 4 must be coordinated. In the case shown here, the magazine can have two positions

25 take that differ by a 90 ° angle and the transport drum 7 is also provided with four recesses 8, each offset by 90 °.

The pivoting of the magazine 2, as shown in Figures la and lb 30 or 5a and 5b, is possible in that the magazine 2 is inserted into a pivoting component, namely the pivot sleeve 11. This swivel sleeve 11 is located concentrically between the transport drum 7 and the surrounding housing 4, and has the extensions 12 visible in FIGS. 2, 3 and 5, 35 which strive radially from the longitudinal axis of the swivel sleeve 11.

The details of this swivel sleeve 11 can be seen in FIGS. 7a to 7c: FIG. 7a shows a front view of the swivel sleeve 11 with one of the two extensions lying transversely to the front view 12, which can be seen in FIGS. 2 and 3 as lying in front of and behind the magazine 2.

FIG. 7b shows a top view of the swivel sleeve 11, in which the H-shaped opening can be seen, the longitudinal leg of which is necessary for the ejection of the empty sleeves 33 in the two positions that the swivel sleeve 11 can assume. The cross-connection of the opening is necessary for the protrusion of the functional surfaces 32 which cause the sleeves 33 to be ejected.

FIG. 7c shows a cross section according to VII-VII of FIG. 7b, in which, in addition to the annular main body and the rear extension 12 standing transversely to the viewing direction, the two lateral extensions 12 lying parallel to the viewing direction can be seen, as shown, for example, in FIGS Figures 5a, 5b 6a and 6b are shown.

The interaction of the swivel sleeve 11 together with its extensions 12 with the magazine 2 is shown in FIG. 6: FIG. 6 a shows in perspective how the magazine 2 is inserted between the extensions 12 of the swivel sleeve 11.

In FIG. 6b, the shape of the leaf springs 27 is also drawn in a cross-sectional illustration of the magazine 2 in its normal position as well as in the position shown in broken lines and pushed apart. As can best be seen in FIG. 6b, these two leaf springs 27 in the normal position close the opening 31 of the neck 14 of the magazine 2 by means of their crankings 29 to such an extent that cartridges 3 are prevented from escaping. Of course, the force of the leaf springs 27 must be sufficient to retain the cartridges 3 despite the pressure shown from below, namely the magazine spring 28.

As can be seen in FIGS. 6a and 6b, these leaf springs 27 do not lie tightly against the outside of the walls of the magazine 2 in the upper region of the neck 14 of the magazine 2, but are designed in such a way that between the leaf springs 27 and the walls of the magazine 2 is a distance in which the two, parallel to - Longitudinal axis 13 of the firearm 1, approximately 12 in the middle of the pivot sleeve 11 arranged extensions 12 can engage. As a result, the leaf springs 27 are pushed away from the magazine 2 into the position shown in broken lines in FIG. 6b, so that the mutually opposite edges of the cranks 29 move away from one another and the full width of the openings 31 of the magazine 2 are free for the cartridges 3 to exit. The magazine 2 is positioned in the longitudinal direction with respect to the swivel sleeve 11 by the front and rear, additional extensions 12.

This clears the way for the cartridges 3 into the recesses 8 of the transport drum 7, and thus into the loading device 6 as a whole, as described above.

The rotary movement of the transport drum 7 is triggered by the movement of the closure 19. This is done in that, as shown in Figure 2, with the transport drum 7 axially aligned at least rotationally, if not in one piece, a guide cylinder 24 is arranged, as shown in Figure 2 only with its outer contour.

This guide cylinder 24 has the guide grooves shown in FIGS. 3 and 8b in its lateral surface, in which the guide pin 26 engages, which is arranged in the closure 19 running above it.

As the figure 8b shows, these guide grooves 25 would Abwick¬ at the lateral surface development of the guide cylinder 24 in a plane, a zigzag line form, whose band transversely to the longitudinal axis of the ^* 13

Gun 1 runs. However, the depth of these guide grooves 25 in the surface area of the guide cylinder 24 is not uniformly deep, as the section along VIII-VIII of FIG. 8b shown in FIG. 8c shows.

If the individual sections of the previously mentioned zigzag line are each considered as individual guide grooves 25, the bottom of each of these guide grooves 25 rises in the direction in which they are pretensioned by means of a compression spring Guide pin 26 are to be traversed to the surface of the guide cylinder 24 until it ends at the end of the next guide groove 25. This is, however, at its beginning again significantly lower than the opening into it management ^'πut 25 at its end, so that each groove at the transition to the next one Führungs¬ a quasi vertical drop from hδherliegen- the ground at the end of the previous groove for deeper ground at the beginning of the newly starting groove 25 takes place. As a result, when the closure 19 is moved back and forth, the spring-loaded guide pin 26 arranged thereon can never move back in the same guide groove 25 in which it moved immediately before, so that each forward and backward movement of the closure 19 corresponds to the course the guide groove 25 corresponding further rotation of the transport drum 7 5 causes.

Such a closure 19 is shown in side and top views in FIGS. 9a and 9b, the front view of which is drawn in accordance with X-X in FIG. 9b in FIG. Q-

Up to a few details, this is one of the usual breeches with firing pin 17 running in the breech and known roller brake 40 arranged in the rear part, the function of which becomes clear when viewing FIG. 4, FIG. 5 shows a partially cutaway view of the loading device 6 of the firearm 1 shows.

As a special feature, the closure 19 according to the invention has a nose 20 at its front end as an extractor 16 which is arranged on the semicircular guide 18 which partially surrounds the end of the sleeve 33. The hook 20 is by means of - a leaf spring biased against the closure 19 so that it snaps into the annular groove at the end of each sleeve ^'33rd This hook 20 engages in the 5 annular groove 21 which runs around the rear end of a cartridge 3, as a result of which the sleeve 33 can be withdrawn from the chamber 5. The guide 18 may only comprise part of the circumference of the sleeve 33, since otherwise the sleeve 33 is rotated further by the transport drum 7 in the direction of the functional surfaces 32 and thus the ejection from the housing 4 l

I would be hindered.

Furthermore, FIG. 9a shows the guide pin 26 which protrudes downward from the closure 19 and which is not by a

5 shown, located in the closure 19 compression spring is biased downward, so that a contact with the bottom of the guide groove 25 of the guide cylinder 24 is guaranteed at all times. Furthermore, the function of the locking pin 23 can be seen from FIGS. 2 and 3: This locking pin 23 is

10 biased by a spring so that it is in if possible

Longitudinal direction of the gun slides forward. This is possible when there is no magazine or a magazine that is not empty in the firearm 1. If, on the other hand, there is an empty magazine in the firearm 1, the bottom of it moves

15 magazines due to the force of the magazine spring 28 so far upwards that an extension 48 arranged thereon, with its bevel, presses the locking pin 23 so far back that it blocks the cock 36, so that firing of the firearm 1 is not possible. This is to prevent that when the magazine is empty

20 two cartridges still present in the transport drum 7, since when a full magazine is subsequently inserted, it would only have to be loaded twice if the magazine is inserted from below before the firearm 1 is ready for use again. As a result, this backup

25 only pens when the magazine 2 is out of the

Firearm 1 protrudes. In the position pivoted horizontally to the left, the locking pin 23 is automatically deactivated due to its position, which makes sense because in this position of the magazine 2 there is already a single quarter turn

30 of the transport drum 7 and thus a single load with a newly inserted, full magazine 2 is sufficient to make the firearm 1 ready to fire.

^* 35 A second embodiment of the invention is shown in Figures 11a 11b and 12. In this example, a firearm 1 for caseless ammunition is shown, which is equipped with a cartridge belt 43 and a magazine 2, which can be used individually. The firearm 1 is with a cartridge belt 43 in the Shown use, with the magazine 2 pulled down, but can be brought up and snapped in if the cartridge belt 43 is not used. The cartridge belt 43 and the magazine 2 are positioned behind the transport drum 7, which has openings 8 within the circumference. The cartridge 3 in the cartridge belt 43 is aligned with the recess 8 of the transport drum 7 and is pushed forward by the extension 42 of the closure carrier 45, which fits into the cartridge belt 43, from the cartridge belt 43 into the recess 8 when the closure 19 moving forward. The cartridge belt 43 is transported by a toothed drum 41, which is mechanically connected to a guide cylinder 24 by toothed belts 44. When the guide cylinder 24 and the transport drum 7, which is firmly connected to it, are rotated by the movement of the closure 19, the cartridge belt 43 is transported by the toothed drum 41 in synchronism with the transport drum 7.

The additional extension 42 of the closure carrier 45, which is located on the other side of the closure carrier 45, pushes the cartridges 3 forward out of the magazine 2, which is open at both ends, into the recess 8 of the transport drum 7. The extension 42 of the closure carrier 45 fits into the recess 46 of the magazine 2. The extension 42 of the closure carrier 45 presses the cartridges 3 downward against a magazine spring 28 (not shown in FIGS. 11) when the magazine 2 snaps into place in this embodiment of the Firearm 1, which can be provided with a closed breech 19 until the breech 19 moves backwards and the uppermost cartridge 3 of the magazine 2, which is not shown in FIGS. 11, can slide up to the lips 47 of magazine 2, which prevent the exit of cartridges 3 upwards. It can be seen that in a similar embodiment one or more cartridge belts 43 or magazines 2 can be used. The cartridges 3 are transported from the transport drum 7 to behind the chamber 5 and pushed into the chamber 5. Another version of this version with an open closure 19 is also possible.

A third embodiment of the invention is shown in FIGS. 13a, 13b and 14. In this example, a shot 13 weapon 1 shown, which is equipped with three chambers 5 and three magazines 2. In this version, two magazines 2 are out of operation, but can be switched on at any time. The cartridges 3 are blocked by an eccentric rod 4S. The third magazine 2 enables the exit of the cartridges 3, which are pressed against the circumference of the transport drum 7 by a magazine spring 28, not shown, when the closure 19 is located at the front. When the shutter 19 moves backwards and is no longer in the path of movement of the transport drum 7, the transport drum 7 rotates clockwise, as seen from behind. The two remaining closures 19 are locked outside the guide groove 25 of the guide cylinder 24 so that the transport drum 7 can rotate. Each magazine 2 and each closure 19, which corresponds to this, can be used individually. It can be seen that the three chambers 5 can be fitted individually with cartridges 3 from a magazine 2, as long as two closures 19 are out of operation.

A fourth embodiment of the invention is shown in FIGS. In this embodiment, a chamber 5 with e.g. different cartridges 3 from two magazines 2 can be loaded. These magazines 2 can optionally be switched on and off by an eccentric rod 43 on the magazine.

A fifth embodiment of the invention is shown in FIG. 16. In this embodiment, a chamber 5 can be fitted with cartridges 3 from two magazines 2 which can be pivoted. The transport drum 7 has a recess 8 which receives cartridges 3 at a rotation of approximately 180 °, e.g. when the closure 19 is approximately in its rearmost position and the

Transport drum has come to a standstill. The magazines 2 are connected with a swivel sleeve 11 and can optionally be brought into the lowest position in order to accommodate cartridges 3. A magezin 2 that is not used is blocked at the top to prevent cartridges 3 from escaping. In this embodiment, the transport pipeline can have several recesses 8.

Claims

20 L * PATENT CLAIMS

1 .. firearm e.g., semi or fully automatic firearm, or its imitations, for firing cartridge cases or

5 caseless ammunition from at least one cartridge chamber, which encloses the cartridges or caseless ammunition when fired, with at least one to and fro closure in the direction of the longitudinal axis and with at least one e.g. interchangeable magazine, or cartridge belt, or both

10 * from which the stored ammunition is brought into the loading device, characterized in that a transport drum (7) is arranged between at least one magazine (2) or cartridge belt (43) and at least one cartridge chamber (5) is that towards

15 tube axis - has one or more recesses (S) on or within the circumference for receiving cartridges (3), the recesses (8) being able to be brought into a position in which a cartridge (3) therein with the cartridge chamber (5 ) is essentially aligned and the movement of the transport drum

20- (7) is controlled by the position of at least one closure (19).

2. Firearm according to claim 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t,

25 that at least one magazine (2) is connected to a pivotable swivel sleeve (11) arranged essentially coaxially to the transport drum (7) and the magazine (2) in several positions for transferring the cartridges (3) into the transport drum (7 ) can be brought.

30

3. Firearm according to claim 2, so that the angular division (9) of the recesses (8) of the transport drum (7) essentially corresponds to the swivel angle (10) of the magazine (2) or a part thereof.

4. Firearm according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that for example between the transport drum (7) and this 1 surrounding housing (4) arranged, with the magazine (2) pivoting slewing sleeve (11) has at least two radial extensions (12) for receiving the magazine (2).

'5 5. Firearm according to one of claims 2 to 4, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the magazine (2) and the pivot sleeve (11) are integrally formed.

6. A firearm according to one of claims 2 to 5, so that at least two of the projections (12) run parallel to one another and parallel to the longitudinal axis (13) of the firearm (1) and extend between these progressions when the magazine (2) is inserted.

15 sets (12), these extensions each between the neck (14) of the magazine (2) and the leaf springs (27), which are attached to the outside of the sides of the magazine (2) and with their crankings (29) partially the opening (31) of the magazine (2) close, so that by inserting the extensions (12)

20 * the leaf springs (27) are bent apart and the cartridges (3) are released.

7. Firearm according to one of claims 1 to 6, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t,

25 ^' that a known extractor (16), which serves to withdraw the empty sleeve from the cartridge chamber (5), for example consists of a hook (20) of the closure (19), which is in the annular groove (21) at the rear end of the cartridges (3) engages and extends over a part of the circumference of the cartridges (3) (

30 the guide (18) is arranged.

8. Firearm according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that a locking pin ^" (23) biased by a spring (23) the cock (36)

35 blocked as soon as this locking pin (23) is reached by an extension (48) which is arranged on the movable bottom of the magazine (2), whereby the emptying of the magazine (2) is indicated if the magazine protrudes in the downward direction Position from the firearm. 2.2.

9. Firearm according to one or more claims 1 to 8, d a d¬ u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the cartridge chamber 5 or cartridge chambers do not rotate about the longitudinal axis when firing cartridges or caseless ammunition.