EP0425379B1 - Unterkalibriges Geschoss mit einem Geschosskern, einem Treibkäfig und einem Mantel - Google Patents

Unterkalibriges Geschoss mit einem Geschosskern, einem Treibkäfig und einem Mantel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0425379B1
EP0425379B1 EP90403004A EP90403004A EP0425379B1 EP 0425379 B1 EP0425379 B1 EP 0425379B1 EP 90403004 A EP90403004 A EP 90403004A EP 90403004 A EP90403004 A EP 90403004A EP 0425379 B1 EP0425379 B1 EP 0425379B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
jacket
sabot
planes
projectile
slots
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90403004A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0425379A1 (de
Inventor
Jean-Pierre Boisnard
Jean-Louis Chazeirat
François Chiarelli
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Giat Industries SA
Original Assignee
Giat Industries SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Giat Industries SA filed Critical Giat Industries SA
Priority to AT90403004T priority Critical patent/ATE103387T1/de
Publication of EP0425379A1 publication Critical patent/EP0425379A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0425379B1 publication Critical patent/EP0425379B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B14/00—Projectiles or missiles characterised by arrangements for guiding or sealing them inside barrels, or for lubricating or cleaning barrels
    • F42B14/06—Sub-calibre projectiles having sabots; Sabots therefor
    • F42B14/064—Sabots enclosing the rear end of a kinetic energy projectile, i.e. having a closed disk shaped obturator base and petals extending forward from said base

Definitions

  • the field of the present invention is that of gyro-stabilized sub-calibrated projectiles comprising a core secured to a shoe and a jacket.
  • Such projectiles include a core of dense material such as tungsten, which is made to rotate with a sabot to the caliber.
  • the sabot wears a sealing belt which takes the scratches from the barrel of the weapon and communicates the rotation to the core.
  • the shirt is integral with the shoe and surrounds the core, its function is to maintain the latter radially and possibly axially relative to the shoe.
  • the patent FR2131393 describes a projectile of this type in which the plastic jacket is overmolded on the shoe and the core, and comprises six incipient fractures, produced in an axial direction, and regularly distributed.
  • the belt is here integral with the shirt, which makes it possible to reduce the mass of the hoof and to simplify the manufacture of the projectile by allowing only one overmolding operation to be carried out.
  • the axial attachment of the shoe and the core is obtained by clamps, carried by the shoe, coming in grooves made at the rear part of the core.
  • US-A-4,841,861 which forms the basis of the preamble of claim 1, describes an under-calibrated gyro-stabilized projectile close to that according to the invention intended to be fired from a weapon, of the type comprising a core housed in a bore of a shoe and in a jacket which has a rear annular zone housed in a corresponding groove in the shoe to constitute the gas tightness belt. Means for separating the jacket into several sectors are provided. However, this patent does not describe specific areas of rupture of the liner leading to regularity in the formation of liner sectors.
  • the rim makes it possible to clearly separate the belt part from the rest of the shirt, which ensures the good performance of this belt, the slots allow the two parts of the shirt thus delimited by the rim to be joined together.
  • the notches extend axially at least as far as the belt groove and the complementary profile of the shoe penetrates inside these notches.
  • each notch is delimited by two plane surfaces parallel to each other and to the axis of the projectile, the slots separating notches which are not parallel to each other are delimited by two plane surfaces which are concurrent at the level of a generatrix of the surface. cylindrical bore.
  • the shoe may include three pairs of notches and three main radial half-planes, the two notches constituting a pair being arranged symmetrically on either side of a main radial half-plane.
  • the liner may carry radial ribs arranged at its external surface and extending axially over substantially the entire length of the liner and the ribs will be angularly disposed at the level of the main radial half-planes, the set of ribs being symmetrical by with respect to any principal radial half-plane.
  • the shirt may include three pairs of ribs.
  • the initiations of ruptures may be carried out at an internal surface of the liner.
  • the shoe may have a knurled profile at the bottom of the throat of the belt, and the notches may extend to the knurled profile.
  • Figure 1 is an overall view in simplified axial section of a sub-calibrated projectile according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a view of a first embodiment of the shoe shown alone in section along the plane B-B of FIG. 3.
  • Figure 3 is a top view of the same shoe.
  • FIG. 4 is a view of the shirt alone in section along the plane A-A of FIG. 1.
  • Figures 5 and 6 are top views of two alternative embodiments of the shoe.
  • FIG. 7 is a view of another embodiment of the shoe shown alone in section along the plane C-C of FIG. 8.
  • Figure 8 is a top view of the same shoe.
  • FIG. 9 is a view of the shirt alone associated with these last three embodiments, in section along the plane A-A of FIG. 1.
  • a projectile 1 of the gyro-stabilized sub-calibrated type comprises a core 2, constituted by a body made of heavy material, for example tungsten, ending at the front by a ballistic warhead 3 made of alloy aluminum.
  • the core is disposed in a bore 14 made in a shoe 6 also made of aluminum alloy, this bore ends in a conical housing 24 on which a rear conical part of the core is supported.
  • the core is kept in contact with the shoe 6 by a jacket 4 made of plastic (for example nylon). Grooves, not shown, will be made on the rear face 25 of the core so as to achieve, in known manner, the rotational attachment of the shoe and the core.
  • the core also carries a tracer composition (not shown) arranged inside a bore (not shown) arranged at its rear part.
  • the tracer composition is ignited by the combustion gases of the propellant charge inside the weapon, gases which reach it through an orifice 15.
  • the shirt is directly injected on the aluminum shoe, it carries at its front part deformable lips 11 not shown in detail and which come to press on a conical portion of the core so as to keep the latter in contact at its rear part with the sabot (which is particularly important when placing the projectile in an automatic weapon).
  • the lips 11 are held in abutment on the front conical part of the core by means of a wedge shape 12 secured to a false warhead 5 also made of plastic, and made integral to the liner by any means of connection , for example by ultrasonic welding.
  • This false warhead comprises in known manner means for ensuring its fragmentation at the outlet of the barrel of the weapon (such as primers for ruptures), and it will not be described in more detail.
  • the jacket has a rear zone 7 which is housed in a peripheral groove 8 of the shoe, so as to constitute a belt for sealing against propellant gases.
  • a knurled profile 13 is produced at the bottom of the groove 8 so as to secure the rotation of the shirt and the shoe.
  • the shoe 6 carries a cylindrical crown 9 whose internal cylindrical surface constitutes the bore 14, and which has a rim 10 delimiting the peripheral groove 8 on the front side of the projectile.
  • This rim 10 produces a substantially trapezoidal groove profile 8 which is particularly well suited for maintaining a projectile belt.
  • the cylindrical crown 9 carries four notches 16, regularly distributed angularly, and separated by four slots 21. These notches extend axially to the groove 8, and preferably will not start not the knurled profile 13 so as not to weaken the rotational connection means of the shoe and the shirt.
  • the bottom profile of the notches 16 is here cylindrical for convenience of production (milling), but any other notch bottom profile would be possible.
  • Each notch 16 is delimited by two flat surfaces 18 parallel to each other and to the axis 19 of the projectile, but the flat surfaces could also be concurrent as will be explained below.
  • the advantage of such a configuration is that it makes it possible to dissociate the functionalities of the front part of the shirt (core retention) from that of the rear part constituting the belt.
  • the rim 10 makes a separation between the front part and the belt part of the shirt, thus the holding of the belt is improved.
  • the cohesion of the entire jacket is ensured by the presence of the material constituting the latter inside the notches 16.
  • the invention thus provides a synthesis of the advantages presented by the configuration in which the projectile has a belt separate from the shirt (holding the belt), and by that in which the projectile has a monobloc shirt (convenience of manufacture and possibility of making a shoe of reduced dimensions).
  • the invention also makes it possible to avoid the drawbacks attached to the one-piece structure (possibility of propagation of ruptures between front and rear parts of the shirt).
  • the projectile also includes means ensuring the separation of the jacket into several sectors at the outlet of the barrel, this in order to release the nucleus without disturbing its trajectory.
  • these means comprise incipient fractures 20 (also visible in FIG. 1) produced in the form of thinning of the thickness of the jacket.
  • rupture primers define half-planes, hereinafter called rupture half-planes 26, which are the half-planes containing the axis 19 of the projectile and a rupture initiator 20 and limited by the axis 19 of the projectile.
  • the half-planes of ruptures 26, in turn determine half-planes, hereinafter called main radial half-planes 17, which are the internal bisecting half-planes of the dihedrons formed by two adjacent half-planes of ruptures 26, these main half-planes are also limited by the axis 19 of the projectile.
  • the half-planes of ruptures being the same number as the primers of ruptures, there will be as many main half-planes 17 as primers of ruptures and the main half-planes will be regularly distributed angularly.
  • the jacket portions between the fracture primers will constitute the sectors 27 which will be ejected by centrifugal force at the outlet of the weapon.
  • the jacket 4 also carries radial ribs 23, disposed at its external surface and extending axially over substantially the entire length of the jacket 4.
  • These ribs 23 are arranged angularly at the level of the main radial half-planes 17, the set of ribs being symmetrical with respect to any main radial half-plane.
  • These ribs have the effect of stiffening the jacket, and of guiding the projectile in the barrel of the weapon.
  • weights arranged at the level of the main half-planes are also constitute weights arranged at the level of the main half-planes.
  • the main half-planes pass through the notches 18, and the angular position of the fracture primers 20 of the jacket, is given in this FIG. 3 by the trace of a generator 22 of the internal cylindrical surface of the bore 14 of the shoe. 6.
  • the sectors 27 will deviate radially from each other by sliding on the flat surfaces 18 delimiting the notches, these surfaces, extending in the groove 8 of the belt until knurling 13, will constitute fracture primers for the latter thus facilitating the complete separation of the sectors of the jacket and the release of the core.
  • FIG. 5 represents an alternative embodiment in which the shoe 6 carries three notches 16.
  • the projectile has three main half-planes 17, at 120 ° from one another, and the jacket also carries three initiations of ruptures whose respective angular positions are visible in FIG. 5 at the level of the generatrices 22, intersections of the cylindrical surface of the bore 14 with the rupture half-planes 26.
  • FIG 9 shows in section along the plane A-A of Figure 1, the jacket 4 associated with this embodiment of the invention.
  • This shirt carries three pairs of ribs 23, each pair being arranged symmetrically relative to the main plane 17 considered.
  • FIG. 6 represents a variant close to the previous one but in which an attempt has been made to further reduce the mass of the shoe by widening the notches 16.
  • the slots 21 separating the notches 16 are delimited by half-planes 18 which are concurrent at the level of the generator 22 of the internal cylindrical surface of the bore 14.
  • FIG. 9 also shows the shirt that can be associated with this embodiment.
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 represent a last embodiment of the invention in which the shoe 6 carries three pairs of notches 16.
  • the main half-planes 17 pass here at the level of intermediate slots 21a delimited by plane surfaces 18 parallel to each other and to the main half-plane 17 considered.
  • the two notches 16 constituting a pair are arranged symmetrically on either side of the intermediate slot 21a and of the associated main half-plane 17.
  • Such a variant makes it possible to lighten the shoe as much as possible without excessively reducing the circumference of the rim 10 delimiting the belt groove 8.
  • the notches were delimited by parallel flat surfaces, which makes it possible to produce them by milling.
  • the notches will be distributed over the shoe so that all of the notches are symmetrical with respect to any main radial half-plane.
  • the width of the slots thus cut must not decrease in a radial direction of outside to inside of the hoof.
  • the width of the notches thus cut must not decrease in a radial direction of the inside to outside of the hoof.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Testing Of Engines (AREA)
  • Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
  • Details Of Garments (AREA)
  • Automotive Seat Belt Assembly (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • Aerodynamic Tests, Hydrodynamic Tests, Wind Tunnels, And Water Tanks (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Kreiselstabilisiertes, unterkalibriertes Geschoß (1) zum Schuß aus einer Waffe, mit einem in einer Bohrung (14) eines Treibkäfigs (6) angeordneten Geschoßkern (2) sowie mit einem Mantel (4) mit einer ringförmigen, hinteren Zone (7) in einem entsprechenden Hals (8) des Treibkäfigs (6), und einen Gasdichtungsgürtel bildend, wobei der Treibkäfig (6) an der Vorderseite des Geschosses eine zylinderförmige Krone (9) mit einer Krempe (10) umfaßt, die den Gürtelhal (8) begrenzt, wobei die Krone (9) mindestens drei von Lücken (21) getrennte Kerben (16) aufweist, der Mantel (4) ein ergänzendes Profil des Treibkäfigs (6) umfaßt, das in diese Kerben (16) eingreift, und das Geschoß (1) Mittel aufweist, um die Trennung des Mantels (4) am Waffenrohrausgang unter der Wirkung der Zentrifugalkraft in mehrere Abschnitte (27) zu gewährleisten, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die besagten Kerben (16) sich in axialer Richtung mindestens bis zum besagten Halt (8) des Mantels erstrecken, und daß die zur Trennung dienenden Mittel folgende Elemente umfassen:
    - Anrisse (20) in Form von Dickenverdünnungen des Mantels (4), die sich ausgehend von den Lücken (21) des Treibkäfigs (6) axial über die ganze Länge des Mantels (4) erstrecken und winkling gleichmäßig verteilt sind, wobei alle sogenannten Bruchhalbebenen (26), die als Halbebenen definiert sind, die Geschoßachse (19) durchlaufen und einen Anriß (20) aufweisen, der ebenfalls Halbebenen definiert, d.h. die sogenannten radialen Haupthalbebenen (17), die die internen, halbierenden Halbebenen der Bruchhalbebenen (26) darstellen.
    - Eine Verteilung der Kerben (16), so daß sämtliche Kerben einerseits symmetrisch zu einer beliebigen radialen Haupthalbebene (17) angeordnet sind, und andererseits, wenn sich die Haupthalbebenen (17) mit Lücken (21) überschneiden, die Breite dieser so überschnittenen Lücken nicht gemäß einer radialen Richtung von außen nach innen des Treibkäfigs (6) abnimmt, und, wenn sich die Haupthalbebenen (17) mit Kerben (16) überschneiden, die Breite dieser so überschnittenen Kerben nicht gemäß einer radialen Richtung von innen nach außen des Treibkäfigs (6) abnimmt.
  2. Geschloß nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jede Kerbe (16) von zwei glatten Flächen (18) begrenzt ist, die zueinander und zur Achse (19) des Geschosses parallel verlaufen.
  3. Geschoß nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die die nicht parallel zueinander angeordneten Kerben (16) trennenden Lücken (21) von zwei glatten Flächen begrenzt sind, die sich auf einer Erzeugenden (22) der zylinderförmigen Fläche der Bohrung (14) überschneiden.
  4. Geschoß nach einem der Ansprüche 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Treibkäfig (16) drei Kerbenpaare (16) und drei radiale Haupthalbebenen (17) aufweist, wobei die beiden ein Paar bildenden Kerben (16) beiderseits einer radialen Haupthalbebene (17) symmetrisch angeordnet sind.
  5. Geschoß nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Mantel (4) radiale Rippen (23) aufweist, die an seiner Außenfläche angeordnet sind und sich in axialer Richtung über im wesentlichen die ganze Länge des Mantels (4) erstrecken, und daß die Rippen (23) an den radialen Haupthalbebenen (17) winkeling angeordnet sind, wobei sämtliche Rippen (23) symmetrisch zu einer beliebigen radialen Halbebene (17) verlaufen.
  6. Geschoß nach einem der Ansprüche 4 und 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Mantel (4) drei Rippenpaare (23) aufweist.
  7. Geschoß nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Anrisse (20) an einer Innenfläche des Mantels (4) angeordnet sind.
  8. Geschoß nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Treibkäfig (6) am Halsboden (8) des Gürtels ein Rändelprofil (13) aufweist.
  9. Geschoß nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich die Kerben (16) bis zum Rändelprofil (13) erstrecken.
EP90403004A 1989-10-26 1990-10-25 Unterkalibriges Geschoss mit einem Geschosskern, einem Treibkäfig und einem Mantel Expired - Lifetime EP0425379B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT90403004T ATE103387T1 (de) 1989-10-26 1990-10-25 Unterkalibriges geschoss mit einem geschosskern, einem treibkaefig und einem mantel.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8914034 1989-10-26
FR8914034A FR2653873B1 (fr) 1989-10-26 1989-10-26 Projectile sous-calibre comportant un noyau, un sabot et une chemise.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0425379A1 EP0425379A1 (de) 1991-05-02
EP0425379B1 true EP0425379B1 (de) 1994-03-23

Family

ID=9386795

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90403004A Expired - Lifetime EP0425379B1 (de) 1989-10-26 1990-10-25 Unterkalibriges Geschoss mit einem Geschosskern, einem Treibkäfig und einem Mantel

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US5052305A (de)
EP (1) EP0425379B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE103387T1 (de)
DE (1) DE69007585T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2050404T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2653873B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT399582B (de) * 1991-07-17 1995-06-26 Steyr Daimler Puch Ag Unterkalibriges geschoss mit treibspiegel
FR2695717B1 (fr) * 1992-09-16 1994-11-25 Saint Louis Inst Sabot pour projectile pour accélérateur par effet de statoréacteur et projectile équipé d'un tel sabot.
CA2121101C (en) * 1993-05-27 1998-02-24 Walter Engel Releasable sabot for a subcaliber projectile
DE4330417C2 (de) * 1993-09-08 1998-02-26 Rheinmetall Ind Ag Treibkäfig für ein unterkalibriges Geschoß
DE19650741C2 (de) * 1996-12-06 1999-11-11 Rheinmetall W & M Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines unterkalibrigen Geschosses
US6668814B1 (en) 2002-08-12 2003-12-30 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Mechanism for deploying cylindrical objects from a spinning container
FR2875595B1 (fr) * 2004-09-21 2007-10-05 Jean Pierre Denis Projectile sous-calibre compose d'une fleche et d'une masse marteau logee dans un conteneur
DE102007037738A1 (de) * 2007-08-09 2009-02-12 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Geschoss mit einem Führungskäfig und Pusherplatte mit beschleunigungsoptimierter Öffnung
DE102007038486A1 (de) * 2007-08-14 2009-02-19 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Geschosses sowie Geschoss
FR2954485B1 (fr) * 2009-12-21 2012-05-11 Nexter Munitions Dispositif de lancement pour projectile d'artillerie sous calibre.
US9488455B1 (en) * 2015-01-22 2016-11-08 Consolidated Nuclear Security, LLC Sabot assembly
US10996037B2 (en) * 2018-09-04 2021-05-04 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Obturator for robust and uniform discard
US20220357135A1 (en) * 2021-05-10 2022-11-10 John Stutz Very Low Drag Aerospike Projectile

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3551972A (en) * 1967-07-24 1971-01-05 Oerlikon Buehrle Holding Ag Method of manufactring a sabot
US3435768A (en) * 1967-07-24 1969-04-01 Oerlikon Buehrle Holding Ag Sabot projectile
US3927618A (en) * 1971-03-29 1975-12-23 Oerlikon Buehrle Ag Sabot projectile
CH536481A (de) * 1971-03-29 1973-06-15 Oerlikon Buehrle Ag Treibspiegelgeschoss und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
US4000698A (en) * 1974-10-29 1977-01-04 General Dynamics Corporation Pomona Division Self-separating sabot
DE3261947D1 (en) * 1981-08-13 1985-02-28 Oerlikon Buehrle Ag Connection between the casing and the rear part of a sabot for a projectile
US4841867A (en) * 1987-12-28 1989-06-27 Ford Aerospace Corporation Discarding sabot projectile

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2653873A1 (fr) 1991-05-03
DE69007585T2 (de) 1994-07-14
FR2653873B1 (fr) 1992-01-03
EP0425379A1 (de) 1991-05-02
DE69007585D1 (de) 1994-04-28
ATE103387T1 (de) 1994-04-15
US5052305A (en) 1991-10-01
ES2050404T3 (es) 1994-05-16

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